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Trinidad & Tobago CANADA CARIBBEAN DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT FUND Snapshot Document Trinidad & Tobago About The CCDRMF The Canada Caribbean Disaster Risk with similar interests (such as youth Management Fund (CCDRMF) is one and women) or livelihoods (such as component of Global Affairs Canada’s farmers or fishers)’. larger regional Caribbean Disaster Risk Management Program. The CCDRMF is a competitive fund designed to Between 2008 and 2015, there have support community-driven projects been nine (9) Calls for Proposals that enhance the resilience of and in total, the Fund received 212 communities and reduce risks from project applications. Only natural hazards (e.g. floods, droughts, forty-three (43) projects, 20%, from tropical storms, hurricanes) and climate thirteen (13) countries, met the change. criteria and were eligible for consideration. Established in 2008 as a small grant Following a rigorous development facility, the CCDRMF finances projects process, the Fund has supported ranging from CAD $25,000 to CAD thirty-four (34) sub-projects in 11 $75,000, and up to CAD $100,000 in countries valued at just over exceptional cases. The target audience CAD$2.2M. The projects have is community-based organisations, strengthened disaster risk non-governmental organisations, management through improved civil-society organisations, and emergency communication systems, government agencies wishing to shelter retrofits and safer building undertake community projects in the practices, flood mitigation and land following beneficiary countries1 : stabilisation, water storage, food Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, security and climate-smart Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, agriculture, and mangrove Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts restoration. and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. For the purposes of the CCDRMF, a ‘community’ is defined as ‘a group of people living in the same geographical area (such as a neighbourhood, district, city or town)’ or ‘a group of people 1In addition, one small community project was approved for the British Virgin Islands 1 Trinidad & Tobago National Flag Island Overview The twin-island Republic of Trinidad Road being blocked, cutting off and Tobago is the most southerly of access to Maracas for a few hours; the Lesser Antilles and includes some and in 2012 several landslides 30 smaller landforms such as (mudslides) coupled with flooding in Chacachacare, Monos, Huevos, Gaspar Diego Martin (North West) resulted Grande, Little Tobago, and St. Giles in two deaths and extensive property Island. Trinidad is 4,768 km2 (about damage. 93% of the country's total area), and Tobago is 300 km2 (5.8% of the country’s area). They are separated by The country is considered to be the 12 km wide Tobago Sound. highly vulnerable to seismic activity. The most significant earthquake event in recent history, measuring Trinidad has three distinct mountain 6.1, occurred in 1997 and resulted ranges and is drained by several in significant losses. Major rivers, the Caroni and the Ortoire earthquakes measuring 5.0 to 5.8 River being the two main rivers. were also recorded during 2006 Tobago is of volcanic origin and and 2010, which resulted in minor has one central ridge with several damage to property, but no reported small rivers and streams. The deaths or injury. Republic experiences a tropical climate and distinct dry and wet While the islands are both outside seasons. The North-East Trade winds the main Atlantic hurricane belt, bring the most intense rainfall to the Tobago is susceptible to the threat highland areas of northeast Trinidad of tropical cyclones and has and along the main ridge in Tobago. experienced strong winds from several hurricanes. The most Trinidad and Tobago’s natural hazards significant being Hurricane Flora are primarily flooding, landslides, high (Category 3) in 1963 which resulted wind events, earthquakes, and in losses of about US $30 M. hurricanes. During the period 2011 Of course, like other small island to 2014, the country recorded 695 developing states (SIDS), Trinidad floods, 277 strong wind events, and and Tobago is also vulnerable to 179 landslides. Flooding and the impacts of climate change, landslides tend to occur locally in including changes in temperature the north of Trinidad and on Tobago. and precipitation, intensified In Trinidad, multiple severe flooding hydro-meteorological events events throughout 2010 and and associated hazards, and in 2011 resulted in one death, sea level rise. property damage, disruption of some services, and traffic congestion. Meanwhile, multiple landslides in 2011 led to a segment of the North Coast 2 CCDRM Fund Projects in Trinidad & Tobago The CCDRMF has received seven (7) project applications from Trinidad and Tobago. Of these, two (2) community-based projects were approved and successfully implemented. These projects support disaster risk management through home retrofits and landslide mitigation. Project C.A.R.E. -Community from the project. The project also Awareness through Responsible supported disaster risk reduction Preparedness and Empowerment training for over 60 members of the community including First Aid and In September 2010, hurricane winds caused construction training, thereby damage to several homes in the community enabling people to be prepared to of Cumana. Families were displaced and help themselves. The project handed were incapable of covering the costs of over a nursery of tree saplings to the repairs and replacing personal property. Cumana Village Council to be planted Project CARE, implemented by Habitat for in selected areas along the coast and Humanity Trinidad and Tobago, aimed to vulnerable hillsides to reduce the risk increase the resilience of targeted homes to of erosion. hurricanes. Notably, three women benefitted from the training sessions in construction With support from the project, thirty-three and were subsequently employed for roofs of vulnerable homes were retrofitted another program in Valencia. to withstand maximum winds of 125 mph. Eleven persons from within the community received training in construction, while seven persons benefitted from employment Project Organisation Objectives Project C.A.R.E. Habitat for Humanity® To reduce disaster risk and meet the -Community Trinidad and Tobago needs of the Cumana community for Awareness through safe, hurricane resilient homes. Responsible Preparedness and Empowerment Project Period GAC Contribution Total Project Cost 2012-2013 $69,974.52 $108,212.52 3 Safe Shelter through Landslide sustainable landslide mitigation measures Mitigation: A Community-Based – 26 persons trained in the construction of Solution retaining walls and 38 persons trained in rainwater harvesting. In Moriah, landslides often had devastating effects on livelihoods, homes, and household The project constructed 7 rainwater safety. Tropical storms have become more harvesters and one family benefitted intense due to climate change, torrential from a roof repair with guttering to rains come every rainy season, and landslides protect the foundation. A total of 10 are experienced every year in Moriah. The retaining walls were built and 150 trees TobagoEmergency Management Agency and ground cover plants were distributed (TEMA), Division of Infrastructure and Public to 60 families for planting to stabilize Utilities (DIPU), and the Tobago House of hillsides. With the support from the Assembly (THA) are not always able to project, the bathrooms of the community provide adequate support to communities centre were upgraded to include showers in the aftermath of a landslide. In particular, so that the centre could also function as a hazard mitigation services, technical support, shelter in times of disaster. The access road training or guided planning for households was proudly renamed to Canada Lane! that are most vulnerable to the effects of The landslide mitigation measures landslides on homes and livelihoods implemented through this project are not provided. will protect the homes of the beneficiaries for many years to come. With support from the project, several residents acquired the critical technical knowledge and practical experience to be able to lead the implementation of Project Organisation Objectives Safe Shelter through Habitat for Humanity® To reduce the devastating effects of Landslide Trinidad and Tobago landslides on livelihoods, homes, and Mitigation: A household safety in the low-income, Community-Based landslide prone community of Moriah. Solution 4 Project Period GAC Contribution Total Project Cost 2016-2017 $77,820.00 $179,501.00 4 References CCRIF. (2013). Trinidad and Tobago Country Risk Profile. Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility. ODPM. (2014a). Disaster Risk Reduction Country Document, Trinidad and Tobago (2014): 1st Edition. Office of Disaster Preparedness and Manage- ment. ODPM. (2014b). Preliminary Vulnerability Assessment of Trinidad & Tobago. Office of Disaster Preparedness and Management. Wellington, P. (2011). Meteorological Hazards Affecting Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad and Tobago Meteorological Services Address: High Commission of Canada in Barbados Bishop's Court Hill, St. Michael, P.O. Box 404, Bridgetown, Barbados BB11113 PBX: 246-629-3550.
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