Transcendentalism
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New—England Transcendentalism
FRENCH PHILOSOPHERS AND NEW—ENGLAND TRAN SCENDENTALISM FRENCH PHILOSOPHERS AND NEW—ENGLAND TRANSCENDENTALISM BY WALTER L. LEIGHTON H A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LITERATURE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA Huihetg’itp of Eirginia CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA 1908 To C. W. K. WHO HAS GIVEN ME BOTH THE ENCOURAGEMENT AND OPPOR'I‘UNIT‘I." FOIL THE WRITING OF THIS THESIS . PREFACE HE writings of the Transcendentalists of New England have been from youth of especial interest to me. An investi- gation of the phenomena of New-England Transcendentalism was instigated by a reading of the chapter on 'l‘ranscendentalism in Professor Barrett Wendell’s Literary History of America. The idea of making a specialty of the French influence in its relation to New-England Transcendentalism as a subject for a doctorate thesis was intimated to me by Professor LeB. R. Briggs, Dean of the Harvard University faculty. Thanks for assistance in the course of actually drawing up the dissertation are due— first, to Dr. Albert Lefevre, professor of philosophy at the University of Virginia, for valuable suggestions concerning the definition of Transcendentalism ; next, to Dr. It. H. Wilson and adjunct-professor Dr. E. P. Dargan, of the depart— ment of Romance Languages at the University of Virginia, for kind help in the work of revision and correction, and, finally, to Dr. Charles W. Kent, professor at the head of the department of English at the University of Virginia, for general supervision of - my work on the thesis. In the work of compiling and writing the thesis I have been _ swayed by two motives: first, the purpose to gather by careful research and investigation certain definite facts concerning the French philosophers and the Transcendental movement in New England; and, secondly, the desire to set forth the information amassed in a cursory and readable style. -
Theodore Parker's Man-Making Strategy: a Study of His Professional Ministry in Selected Sermons
Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1993 Theodore Parker's Man-Making Strategy: A Study of His Professional Ministry in Selected Sermons John Patrick Fitzgibbons Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the Literature in English, North America Commons Recommended Citation Fitzgibbons, John Patrick, "Theodore Parker's Man-Making Strategy: A Study of His Professional Ministry in Selected Sermons" (1993). Dissertations. 3283. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/3283 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1993 John Patrick Fitzgibbons Theodore Parker's Man-Making Strategy: A Study of His Professional Ministry in Selected Sermons by John Patrick Fitzgibbons, S.J. A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Loyola University of Chicago in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Chicago, Illinois May, 1993 Copyright, '°1993, John Patrick Fitzgibbons, S.J. All rights reserved. PREFACE Theodore Parker (1810-1860) fashioned a strategy of "man-making" and an ideology of manhood in response to the marginalization of the professional ministry in general and his own ministry in particular. Much has been written about Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) and his abandonment of the professional ministry for a literary career after 1832. Little, however, has been written about Parker's deliberate choice to remain in the ministry despite formidable opposition from within the ranks of Boston's liberal clergy. -
(July-November 1863) Lincoln's Popularit
Chapter Thirty-one “The Signs Look Better”: Victory at the Polls and in the Field (July-November 1863) Lincoln’s popularity soared after the victories at Gettysburg, Vicksburg, and Port Hudson. His old friend from Illinois, Jesse W. Fell, reflected the changed public mood. In August, Fell told Lyman Trumbull that during the early stages of the war, “I did not like some things that were done, and many things that were not done, by the present Administration.” Along with most “earnest, loyal men, I too was a grumbler, because, as we thought, the Gov't. moved too slow.” But looking back, Fell acknowledged that “we are not now disposed to be sensorious [sic] to the ‘powers that be,’ even among ourselves.” To the contrary, “it is now pretty generally conceded, that, all things considered, Mr. Lincoln's Administration has done well.” Such “is the general sentiment out of Copperhead Circles.” Lincoln had been tried, and it was clear “that he is both honest and patriotic; that if he don't go forward as fast as some of us like, he never goes backwards.”1 To a friend in Europe, George D. Morgan explained that the president “is very popular and good men of all sides seem to regard him as the man for the place, for they see what one cannot see abroad, how difficult the position he has to fill, to keep 1 Fell to Lyman Trumbull, Cincinnati, 11 August 1863, Trumbull Papers, Library of Congress. 3378 Michael Burlingame – Abraham Lincoln: A Life – Vol. 2, Chapter 31 the border States quiet, to keep peace with the different generals, and give any satisfaction to the radicals.”2 One of those Radicals, Franklin B. -
Bible Matters: the Scriptural Origins of American Unitarianism
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Vanderbilt Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Archive BIBLE MATTERS: THE SCRIPTURAL ORIGINS OF AMERICAN UNITARIANISM By LYDIA WILLSKY Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In Religion May, 2013 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Professor James P. Byrd Professor James Hudnut-Beumler Professor Kathleen Flake Professor Paul Lim Professor Paul Conkin TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………3 CHAPTER 1: WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING AND THE PASTORAL ROOTS OF UNITARIAN BIBLICISM………………………………………………………………………………..29 CHAPTER 2: WHAT’S “GOSPEL” IN THE BIBLE? ANDREWS NORTON AND THE LANGUAGE OF BIBLICAL TRUTH………………………………………...................................................77 CHAPTER 3: A PRACTICAL SPIRIT: FREDERIC HENRY HEDGE, THE BIBLE AND THE UNIVERSAL CHURCH…………………………………………………………………...124 CHAPTER 4: THE OPENING OF THE CANON: THEODORE PARKER AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF BIBLICAL AUTHORITY…………………………………………..168 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………...........................205 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………213 INTRODUCTION The New England Unitarians were a biblical people. They were not biblical in the way of their Puritan ancestors, who emulated the early apostolic Church and treated the Bible as a model for right living. They were a biblical people in the way almost every Protestant denomination of the nineteenth century -
Reading Text (PDF)
Scholarly Editing: e Annual of the Association for Documentary Editing Volume 35, | http://www.scholarlyediting.org/2014/editions/ cranchjournal.readingtext.pdf JOURNAL. 1839. "Journal. 1839." 2 JOURNAL. 1839. “Mein Vermächtniss, wie herrlich weit und breit! Die Zeit is mein Vermächtniss, mein Acker ist die Zeit."1 EPΓA KAI HMEPAI2 “Work while it is day. e night cometh, wherein no man can work."3 3 Scholarly Editing 35 (2014) Journal. January. 1839 — Louisville, Ky, Jan. 8th. — I begin this day a journal. I think I shall find it highly useful. I do not think it necessary to record herein every day, of my life — but simply to record such events, and note down such thoughts, feelings & experiences as have a more intimate connection with my mind & character. A Journal should be a reflection of the True Life — the interior being, experience & growth — a mirror of myself, to some extent. I intend to journalize more systematically & philosophically more than I have done. is book, now blank, shall be my friend, my companion, my teacher & monitor, as well as my record. I need something of this sort. I need to retire back on myself4— take an observation of my longitude & latitude in the boundless ocean of Eternity on which I am sailing. I must look back. I must look forward — square my accounts. And post them, clerk-like. I must ask myself, as I enter on this newyear, & this journalbook — how I stand, with myself, & before God. us far I have voyaged, by His all preserving & continually upholding grace — Nearly twenty six years have I been borne along the stream of time5 — a checkered Past! — various experiences! — Has this Past been a Teacher to me? God grant it may have been, in some degree — Let not the years pass by me like the wind, viewless, silent, forgotten! I have many defects, errors, weaknesses to confess, O God, before ee! Do thou grant strength & light for the future! Give me a more tender conscience — give me a firmer faith — inspire me with that spiritual Mind which comes only from ee! — And now, I am Here. -
From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: the Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904)
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2006 From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904). Ann B. Cro East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Cro, Ann B., "From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The akM ing of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904)." (2006). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2187. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2187 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904) ____________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Cross-Disciplinary Studies East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in Liberal Studies ___________________ by Ann B. Cro May 2006 ____________________ Dr. Theresa Lloyd, Chair Dr. Marie Tedesco Dr. Kevin O’Donnell Keywords: Abby Morton Diaz, Transcendentalism, Abolition, Brook Farm, Nationalist Movement ABSTRACT From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904) by Ann B. Cro Author and activist Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904) was a member of the Brook Farm Transcendental community from 1842 until it folded in 1847. -
Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 I I 75-3032
INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. -
From Ralph Waldo Emerson February 9?, 10, and 11, 1843 Carlton House: New York Feb 1843 My Dear Henry, I Have Yet Seen No New Men in N.Y
february 1843 129 controversy, in addition to poor health and fatigue stemming from overwork, Parker delayed his Concord lecture until March 22. On February 15, “Mr. Knapp of Lexington” lectured in his stead. Ken- neth Walter Cameron speculates that the lecturer is either Fran- cis Bellows Knapp (1820-1896) or his brother Frederick Newman Knapp (1821-1889), both then seniors at Harvard (“Thoreau and the Concord Lyceum–A Strategy for Enlarging Our Knowledge,” ARLR 1990, p. 20). Neither had a connection with Lexington. Copy-text: ALS (InU-Li, American Literature Manuscripts) Published: Life 1890, 69-70; “Emerson-Thoreau Correspondence,” AM 69 (May 1892): 578-579; Alcott 1893, 348-350; FL 1894, 58-62; Life 1896, 58; T: Home 1902, 94; FL 1906, 50-53; Recollections 1909, 447; Magazine of History 1915, 117; Cor 1958, 76-78 Editor’s Note This letter is addressed “Ralph Waldo Emerson / Philadelphia / PA”, postmarked “CONCORD MAS. JAN 24”, and endorsed “H. D Thoreau / Jany: 1843”. Author’s Alterations Peace] peace evening,] ~. (L & A)] interlined with a caret From Ralph Waldo Emerson February 9?, 10, and 11, 1843 Carlton House: New York Feb 1843 My dear Henry, I have yet seen no new men in N.Y. (excepting young Tappan)1 but only seen again some of my old friends of last year. Mr Brisbane2 has just given me a faithful hour & a half of what he calls his principles, and he shames truer men by his fidelity & zeal, and already begins to hear the reverberations of his single voice from most of the states of the Union. -
Charles Ammi Cutter
CHAPTER I EARLY LIFE AND HARVARD STUDENT YEARS Early Years Charles Ammi Cutter was a member of a nineteenth century family that can be described as, "solid New England stock." The members had a pride in ancestry "not so much because their forbears were prominent in the social, polit- ical, or financial world, but because they were hard-working, plain-living, clear-thinking, and devout people, with high ideals.,,1 The Cutter fa_ily had its start in America with the arrival in Massachusetts from Newcastle-on-Tyne in Eng- land of the widow, Elizabeth Cutter, and her two sons about 1640. Through her son, Richard, she became the progenitress of descendants who, each in his own way, helped to civilize the colonial wilderness and who played a part in bringing the young nation through its revolutionary birth pains. 2 The Cutters were primarily farmers and merchants but included among their ranks clergymen, physicians, and later, 1 W. P. Cutter, Charles Ammi Cutter, p. 3. 2The principal sources for Cutter genealogical materi als are Benjamin Cutter, A Histor of the Cutter Famil of New England, revised and enlarged by William R. Cutter Bos ton: David Clapp and Son, 1871), passim; William R. Cutter, comp., Genealo ical and Personal Memoirs Relatiri to the Families of the State of Massachusetts 4 vols.; New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1910), III, passim. 1 2 soldiers. For example, Ammi Ruhamah Cutter (1735-1810) served as a physician during the second capture of Louisburg 1 during the French and Indian War. He later distinguished himself as Physician General of the Eastern Department of the Continental Army. -
From Revelation to Reason to Intuition to Freedom: the Development of Unitarianism in America—A Local Perspective by Mark W
From Revelation to Reason to Intuition to Freedom: The Development of Unitarianism in America—A Local Perspective by Mark W. Harris A paper given at the Reasonable World Conference on September 18, 2011 in San Diego, CA A revolution had been simmering in the Standing Order of Congregational Churches of Massachusetts ever since the Great Awakening of the 1740’s stirred the revival spirit in some latter day Puritans. Many congregations that opposed the revival for its emotional style and anti-establishment fervor were led by Harvard educated clergy who were called Arminians, a label indicating a theology focused on people’s moral choices, as well as God’s grace. These Arminians believed that humans had God given abilities to ensure their personal salvation, rather than be subject to the inscrutable decisions of an all-powerful sovereign. They rejected original sin and predestination, embraced a benevolent God, and many doubted the complete divinity of Jesus. Yet most of them did not want to upset the establishment applecart, refusing to publicly avow their burgeoning Unitarianism. By 1805 some of the Calvinists rejected this mixing of liberals and orthodox within the Congregational Churches, and found an occasion to voice their public displeasure when Harvard College elected Henry Ware as its new professor of divinity. On a local level, the Calvinist Congregationalists’ unwillingness to be grouped with their heretical cousins had already become apparent by the increasingly sectarian nature of participation in church councils, ministerial exchanges, and church membership practices. The liberals found a leader in William Ellery Channing, who preached a denominational manifesto, Unitarian Christianity in 1819. -
What Was the Heigh-Ho Club?
WHAT WAS THE HEIGH-HO CLUB? The above picture and a letter vaguely that the club was encouraged were sent to us by a woman from or started by the Unitarian minister Orleans, Massachusetts. There are (Hobbs?) but it was never ten signatures on the back of the religiously affiliated. It seems to picture: have been purely social, sponsoring plays, outings, dances, etc. James H. Critchett We have unfortunately failed to Everett H. Critchett find any reference at the Watertown Harry F. Gould Public Library to this club, Waldo Stone Green however, several of these names were Francis Hathaway Kendall found to be associated with the Benjamin Fay McGlauflin Theodore Parker Fraternity cf the Alfred Foster Jewett First Parish Unitarian Church. Royal David Evans If you or a friend or relative LaForest Harris Howe have any pertinent information on William Henry Benjamin Jr the Heigh-Ho Club or any of its members, please send it to us. This The letter states that sometime is an interesting sidelight on life after 1905, a group of college-age in Watertown in the early 1900's and young men from Watertown formed "The we would like to explore it further. Heigh-Ho Club". She remembers WATERTOWN - HOW IT GREW! On November 16, 1994 a joint and establishing trade and commerce, meeting between the Friends of the for Watertown stood at the crossing Library and the Historical Society place on the Charles River for the of Watertown was conducted in the stagecoach route on the road west. Pratt room of the Free Public Freight was unloaded here for Library. -
(Lydia) Maria Francis Child and David Lee Child Hdt What? Index
(LYDIA) MARIA FRANCIS CHILD AND DAVID LEE CHILD HDT WHAT? INDEX MARIA FRANCIS LYDIA MARIA CHILD 1802 February 11, Thursday: Birth of Lydia Maria Francis in Medford, Massachusetts, as the youngest of 7 children of Susannah Rand Francis and David Convers Francis,1 a successful baker and businessman.2 She would grow up under the wing of her bookish older brother Convers Francis, Jr. and attend local schools and Medford’s First Parish, an orthodox Congregational church. When she would become 9, her brother would leave home to attend Harvard College. Possessed of an eager, inquiring mind, Lydia would be free to use the library of the First Parish minister, the Reverend David Osgood. The 6th generation of Southmayds in America: Daniel Starr Southmayd was born in Waterbury, Connecticut. He was a son of Ebenezer Southmayd (January 23, 1775-September 30, 1831) and Elizabeth Starr Southmayd (January 8, 1777-July 3, 1842) who had gotten married at South Farms, Connecticut, on April 16, 1797. 1. Her paternal grandfather, a weaver by trade, had been in the fighting around Concord and Lexington in 1775, and is said to have offed 5 of the enemy before being himself offed. Her “Grandfather’s House” about which she wrote her Thanksgiving poem was on South Street in Medford, Massachusetts and supposedly is this one near the Mystic River: 2. At no point would she ever allow herself to be referred to as “Lydia.” The name “Maria” is here to be pronounced not as in Spanish or French but as if it were “Mariah,” per “they called the wind mariah.” HDT WHAT? INDEX LYDIA MARIA CHILD MARIA FRANCIS 1813 Boston boys Samuel Joseph May, Caleb Cushing who would become a Democratic politician, Samuel Atkins Eliot who would become mayor of Boston, 13-year-old George Bancroft who would become a national historian and Secretary of the Navy, George Barrell Emerson who would become an educational reformer, and David Lee Child who would become a radical abolitionist, were matriculants at Harvard College.