Cover:
Devenish Ecclesiastical Site, Co. Fermanagh, Photo: NIEA
Historic Monuments Council
The Secretariat, Room G-07, Waterman House, 5-33 Hill Street, Town Parks, Belfast. BT1 2LA
Telephone: 02890 543050 Email: [email protected] REPORT 2009 - 2012
CONTENTS
Foreword 4
The Role and Work of the Historic Monuments Council The Role of Council 6 Programme of Work 2009-12 7 Work of Council 2009-12 8 Ian Hill – an Appreciation 12
Value of the Historic Environment The Structure of Archaeology in Northern Ireland 13 Joint Committee on Industrial Heritage 16 Historic Environment Strategic Forum 19 Economic Value of Northern Ireland’s Environment 20
Understanding the Historic Environment CAMSAR Report 22 Impact of Climate Change 24 PPS 6 and the Impact of Development 28
Protection and Care Protection Measures: Background and Context 30 Scheduling 2009-12: Analysis and Discussion 32 Placenames 35 Protecting Carved Stone Monuments 39 Archaeological Archives 42 The Heritage Crime Forum 44
Appreciation and Enjoyment Context 46 The State Care Monument Visitation Survey 49
Looking to the Future Reconstitution of Council 54
Appendices 1. Scheduled Monuments 2009-12 56 2. Historic Monuments Council Discussion Papers 60 3. Presentations to Council (not including HM papers) 61 4. HMC Responses to Consultations 62 3 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Forward
This report is the second The foundations of the Council All members of the Council to be produced by the can be found in the work and were actively involved in the Historic Monuments ethos of the Ancient Monuments successful completion of this Council. It follows the Advisory Council 1926-1970. baseline survey of the accessibility first report covering the and grounds maintenance of two terms of the Council The Historic Monuments Council State Care Monuments and of between 2003-2009 under itself was first established in the availability of interpretation the chairmanship of 1971 under the provisions and information at the sites. Richard Black OBE. of the Historic Monuments (Northern Ireland) Act 1971. The input of members was the crucial enabling action for this The authority of the Council is important initiative. It was an currently derived from the Historic honour and a pleasure to serve Monuments and Archaeological as Chairman of the Council for Objects (Northern Ireland) Order period 2009-12 and I would 1995. The role of the Council like to thank all the members is to advise the Department of for their enthusiasm, time and the Environment for Northern commitment, the staff of the Ireland on matters relating to the Historic Monuments Unit, Built exercise of the Department’s Heritage, NIEA, in particular Dr powers and responsibilities under John O’Keeffe and Claire Foley for the Historic Monuments and their support and all the staff who Archaeological Objects Order. served in the Secretariat, whose work is so critical for the success of These are the protection, the Historic Monuments Council. preservation, conservation and investigation of historic Professor Gabriel Cooney monuments, archaeological sites and landscapes and their settings, archaeological objects and such other matters as the Department may refer to the Council. The report covers the work of the Council over the period 2009- 12 and the context in which this work was carried out.
A major initiative of the Historic Monuments Council in this term was the State Care Monument Visitation Survey which was published in 2012.
4 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Historic Monuments Council Members 2009-12
Professor Gabriel Cooney (Chairman) Mr Henry Bell Mr Brian Black Mr Malachy Conway Mr Tim Cunningham Mrs Rosemary Evans Mrs Marga Foley Mr Ian Hill (deceased) Dr Suzanne Lyle Dr Philip McDonald Mr John McGillan Ms Ann-Marie McStoker Mr Conor Mallon Dr Kay Muhr HMC – Clifton House, January 2012 : Last meeting of the 2009-12 Council Mr Stephen Russell with new council members 2012-16, Permanent Secretary of the Department, Mr Leo O’Reilly and NIEA staff, Photo: NIEA
5 REPORT 2009 - 2012
1. The Role and Work of the Historic Monuments Council
1.1 Role of Council 1.1.2 Vision and underlying Service, Department of Arts, principles for programme Heritage and the Gaeltacht). 1.1.1 Statutory Role of work of Council The programme built on the The Council advises the The programme of work of the achievements of the previous Department of the Environment Council over the period 2009- Council as set out in the 1st on matters relating to the exercise 12 was based on the position Report of the Council covering of the Department’s powers under of HMC as a statutory advisory the period 2003-9. It covered the Historic Monuments and council established under the a series of objectives which Archaeological Objects (Northern terms of the Historic Monuments were thought to realistic, Ireland) Order 1995, namely and Archaeological Objects achievable and measurable and the protection, preservation, (Northern Ireland) Order 1995. conservation, investigation and could communicated to the public, particularly through the recording of historic monuments, The HMC provides the use of the HMC website. archaeological sites and landscapes Department (and Minister) with and their settings, archaeological sound evidence-based advice. objects and such matters as the The DOE affirms the Council’s 1.1.3 Challenges, context and Department may refer to it. membership as a panel with a opportunities (2009-12) In practice the Council advises wide range of expertise who ››NIEA Corporate and the Department on: provide independent, impartial advice to the DOE on a voluntary Business Plan 2009-12 ››policy basis on matters within the scope of its statutory responsibilities. ››Built Heritage Directorate Draft Strategic Plan ››scheduling and re-scheduling of historic monuments The HMC works in partnership with the NIEA, its sponsor branch ››Reform of Public Administration in Northern Ireland (RPA) ››designation of areas of special (NIEA: Built Heritage) in the DOE, archaeological interest the other SACs (Historic Buildings Council and Council for Nature ››Sustainable Development Strategy for Northern ››general state of preservation Conservation and Countryside) Ireland 2011 and conservation of and other relevant governmental historic monuments and and non-governmental bodies and ››Programme for archaeological objects. agencies in advising the DOE. Government 2011-15 This report focuses on the term of The Council aims to promote ››Tourism Strategy for office of Council that ran from 1st East-West and North-South links Northern Ireland to 2020 February 2009 to 31 January 2012. with relevant advisory Councils and government agencies in the UK (Historic Scotland, ››Climate change. Cadw, English Heritage) and the Republic of Ireland (The Heritage Council, National Monuments 6 REPORT 2009 - 2012
1.2 Programme of Work 1.2.1 Valuing effective policy for the protection 2009-12 Actions of carved stone monuments.
Preamble Council will address as a key Council will consider the issue the identification of the In advising NIEA and the results of the CAMSAR survey contribution that the historic Department of the Environment and make recommendations environment makes to the and building on the previous to NIEA on the enhancement Northern Ireland economy. work of Council the programme and effective protection of the Council will seek to support of work for 2009-12 was aligned archaeological field monument the establishment of a sound with and was intended to resource in Northern Ireland. and robust evidence basis for complement the Built Heritage the economic contribution Council will work to ensure that Directorate draft Strategic Plan. of Northern Ireland’s the RPA results in the enhanced historic environment. It followed the Built Heritage protection of the historic Plan in being based on environment of Northern Ireland. four strategic aims: 1.2.2 Understanding 1.2.4 Enjoying 1. The promotion of the value Actions of the historic environment as Council will address as a key Actions an important part of society issue the impact of climate Council will promote the change on the historic provision of information about, 2. The improvement of environment. Council will seek access to and enjoyment of our understanding of the to support the establishment the resource of publicly owned historic environment of a sound and robust evidence and accessible archaeological basis for this impact, focusing on monuments in Northern Ireland. 3. The protection and care the maritime and coastal zone. of the historic environment Council will promote the dissemination of information about 4. Increasing public access 1.2.3 Protecting and Caring the historic environment in schools. to and enjoyment of the Actions historic environment. Council will continue to Under each of this aims review the effectiveness of the the Council committed to scheduling policy as the basis following a series of actions for evidence-based advice to which are outlined below. NIEA on a strategy for future scheduling in Northern Ireland.
Council will advise the NIEA on the identification of Areas of Significant Archaeological Interest (ASAIs).
Council will promote the development by NIEA of an 7 REPORT 2009 - 2012
1.3 Work of Council 2009-12 In addition a special meeting of in Co. Tyrone, in May 2010 to the Council was held in September Ards Peninsula, Co. Down and 1.3.1 Meetings 2009 with advice and input from in May 2011 to North Antrim. During the term of office NIEA to consider the Reform covered by this report (February of the Planning System and to Additional field visits took place 2009 - January 2012) there inform the Council’s response to the NIEA Built Heritage Depot were 18 ordinary meetings; the to the consultation paper on at Moira, Co. Down (June 2009) 149th to 166th meetings of the the Reform of the Planning to see the range of conservation Historic Monuments Council. System in Northern Ireland. expertise and craftsmanship held by the staff there and to These were held in a number The annual Historic Monuments Thompson Dock, Titanic Quarter, of venues; principally in Council Field Day to visit ongoing Belfast (December 2011) in the Hillsborough Court House, Co. conservation and management context of the programme of Down (which is a State Care work being undertaken by the conservation works of Thompson Monument) and Waterman Historic Monuments Unit, Built Dock that were funded by NIEA. House, Hill Street, Belfast, the Heritage, NIEA at State Care headquarters of the Built Heritage Monuments and scheduled sites Directorate of the Northern and monuments takes place in May. Ireland Environment Agency. In May 2009 the visit was to sites
Members of the HMC on a field visit to Ballywalter Old Church, Co. Down, May 2010, Photo: HMC 8 REPORT 2009 - 2012
1.3.2 Scheduling 155th Meeting -11 sites, Cos by this report are listed. Armagh and Down - HM469 In accordance with the Scheduling Policy in Northern requirement for NIEA to consult 156th Meeting - 19 sites (17 on Ireland - HM460 with Council under Article 3(6) the upper reaches of the Lagan of the Historic Monuments and Canal and 2 other sites) - HM472 (Review of the Schedule Archaeological Objects (NI) Order of Historic Monuments 1995 the Historic Monuments 158th Meeting - one site 1996-2006 - HM431 Council considered and approved (seven reaches of the the scheduling of 92 monuments Coalisland Canal) - HM474 Scheduling Programme for in total during the period covered Northern Ireland: Future by this report. As this is a key Directions - HM439) statutory function of Council a 2011 summary is provided below on a 160th Meeting - 12 sites (5 sites - Guidance for protection of yearly basis of the sites approved the built heritage of the canals and the number of the relevant Coleraine Harbour/Bann Estuary, 5 Fundamental Bench Marks, 2 and inland navigations of Historic Monuments (HM) paper Northern Ireland - HM456 which provides full details of the sites in Co. Antrim) - HM476 sites and the rationale for their Emergency Scheduling: West Protection of Carved Stone protection by scheduling. A full Monuments - HM461 list of the sites scheduled 2009- Division, Carrickfergus (160th meeting, January 2011) 12 is provided in Appendix 1. Proposal for Battlefields Survey - HM463 2009 161st Meeting - 5 sites (varied) HM477 148th Meeting - 15 sites (13 Ten years of the CMA - HM464 WW2 pill boxes), Cos Antrim, Carved stone monuments in Armagh and Down – HM458 1.3.3 Papers to Council Northern Ireland - Quantification 149th Meeting -10 sites The Historic Monuments (HM) and Classification - HM466 (all standing stones) in papers are briefings provided by County Down - HM459 Built Heritage: NIEA to inform the Draft paper on Climate Change discussion of key issues (such as and Archaeology - HM470 150th Meeting - 21 sites the consideration of monuments in Cos Antrim, Down, for scheduling discussed above) by Initial papers on Management Londonderry, Tyrone and the the Historic Monuments Council. of State Care Monuments maritime zone - HM462 - HM471, HM479 A full list of HM papers compiled 152th Meeting - 9 sites in over the term of the Council County Fermanagh - HM465 is provided in Appendix 2.
Below some key HM papers, other 2010 than those directly concerned with scheduling referenced in 154th Meeting - 15 sites, 1.3.2, presented to Council Cos Antrim, Down and during the term of office covered Londonderry - HM468 9 REPORT 2009 - 2012
1.3.4 Issues/Presentations Work of the Heritage Derry City Walls Conservation Plan to Council Lottery Fund (HLF: 158th meeting, October 2010) Over the course of the 2009-12 term of the Historic Monuments HMC Visitation of Monuments Council presentations were given in State Care (NIEA: 162nd to Council both by NIEA staff meeting, June 2011) and external experts/bodies.
These provided information and 1.3.5 Consultations context on key issues and in a responded to number of cases were a stimulus to action by Council under its As part of its role as a Statutory programme of work and are Advisory Council to the covered in more detail later in the Department of the Environment report. A list of these presentations the Historic Monuments Council is provided in Appendix 3. is asked to respond to a range They included the following; of proposed legislative and policy papers and planning Built Heritage Strategic Plan (NIEA: and development proposals. 148th meeting, January 2009) Council responds to such consultations where appropriate in CAMSAR Report (NIEA: 151st keeping with its statutory role and meeting, August 2009) recognising the function and role of NIEA. A full list of consultations Countryside Access and is provided in Appendix 4. Activities Network (CAAN: 151st meeting, August 2009) They included the following;
Carved Stone crosses (NIEA: PPS 21 - Sustainable Development 153rd meeting, December 2009) in the Countryside (April 2009)
Proposed Development of a Waterways Ireland - Interim Collections Resource Centre Environment and Heritage for NMNI (NMNI: 154th Policy (April 2009) meeting, January 2010) NIEA Enforcement Policy Cross-border, North-South (June 2009, August 2010) Information Sharing (NIEA: 157th meeting, August 2010) Regional Development Strategy for Northern Ireland (June 2009) Centre for Archaeological Fieldwork, QUB (CAF: 158th Learning with Museums (2 meeting, October 2010) papers) - September 2009
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Reform of the Planning Draft PPS 23: Enabling Everyone’s Involved (Sustainable System in Northern Ireland Development (May 2011) Development Strategy) (September 2009) Draft PPS 24: Economic Marine Strategy Framework Considerations (May 2011) Directive (December 2009) Enabling Legislation for National Derry City Walls Conservation Parks (October 2011) Plan (March 2010) DCAL Review of National Draft Belfast Integrated Strategic Museums, Northern Tourism Framework (May 2010) Ireland (January 2012)
Draft Northern Ireland Tourism Draft Programme for Government Strategy (May 2010) 2011-15 (February 2012)
EU Common Agricultural Northern Ireland Economic Policy after 2013 (June 2010) Strategy (February 2012)
Criteria for Listing (Proposed revisions, Annex 1.3.6 Representatives on C, PPS 6 (July 2010) other committees Members of Council Marine Bill (July 2010) represented the Council on a number of committees: Museums Policy for Northern Ireland (August 2010) Joint Committee on Industrial Heritage - Chair, Malachy UK Marine Policy Statement Conway, Rosemary Evans, (August 2010) Ian Hill, Dr Suzanne Lyle Everyone’s Involved - Built Heritage Strategic Sustainable Development Forum - Chair Strategy (November 2010) Lower Bann Advisory Committee Regional Development (LBAC) - Brian Black Strategy (March 2011) Dunluce Castle Forum Draft PPS 16: Tourism - Malachy Conway (March 2011) Strangford Lough and Lecale Environment Strategy for Partnership Advisory Committee Northern Ireland (May 2011) - Dr Philip MacDonald
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1.4 Ian Hill: an Appreciation Archaeology and history were Ian Hill just two of Ian’s range of interests Ian Hill, a member of and expertise, and he brought his the Historic Monuments wide breadth of knowledge to Council sadly passed away his commitment of care for the during the term of office historic environment. This came of the Council. Ian died out most clearly in the field; in suddenly at his home in Belfast when he was talking about Strangford, Co. Down on the city and his involvement in the 16th July 2010. Cathedral Quarter Arts Festival or on the Ards Peninsula where both his knowledge of Strangford Lough and its surrounds and his love of travel shone through.
When Ian was asked for an annual assessment of his performance as a member of the Historic Monuments Council he wrote the following:
“Putting myself forward for membership of the Historic Monuments Council I did so because of a fascination with this island’s social and cultural history, a fascination which began in a Fermanagh childhood. and at the same time assist - Much of school holidays were using knowledge gained from a either spent among Ardglass’s decade of journalism, another seven castles in Co. Down or in two decades of travel authorship, the passenger seat of my father’s plus a further one as a Director car as he, the Assistant County of the Northern Ireland Tourist Surveyor, travelled Fermanagh’s Board - in contributing to the byways, diverting whenever Council’s aims of engaging with possible to examine a leaning the public’s appreciation of the standing stone, a half-buried riches of our built heritage.” dolmen, a tumbling castle, a Cuilcagh farmer’s treasured shoe- box of flints, axes and arrowheads.
On Council I hope to complement the enthusiasm of others, to enlarge my own knowledge
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2. Value of the Historic Environment
2.1 The Structure of The principal responsibilities of the Although it has its origins Archaeology in Northern Historic Monuments Unit include: in the Ancient Monuments Ireland Advisory Committee, which was ››the proactive management established following the passing of monuments in state of the Ancient Monuments Act 2.1.1 The Role of care and guardianship (Northern Ireland) in 1926, the Government and the Historic Historic Monuments Council was Monuments Council ››maintaining a scheduling established under the provisions Government responsibility for programme which provides of the Historic Monuments archaeology in Northern Ireland statutory protection of (Northern Ireland) Act 1971. lies within the Northern Ireland historic monuments Environment Agency, which is The Council’s authority is currently ›regulating archaeological an executive agency within the › derived from the Historic excavations through a Department of the Environment Monuments and Archaeological licensing system for Northern Ireland. Objects (Northern Ireland) Order 1995. Along with the Historic ›recording archaeological The work of the Historic › Buildings Council and the Council sites and monuments Monuments Unit within the for Nature Conservation and the Northern Ireland Environment Countryside, it is one of three ››maintaining the Northern Agency’s Built Heritage Directorate statutory advisory councils of the Ireland Monuments and is largely regulated by the Historic Department of the Environment. Buildings Record Monuments and Archaeological Objects (Northern Ireland) Order The role of the Historic ››processing cases of Treasure 1995, although other aspects of Monuments Council is to its work are also governed by advise the Department of ››recording and protecting the Planning Order (Northern the Environment on matters maritime archaeological sites Ireland) 1991, the Strategic relating to the exercise of the Planning (Northern Ireland) Department’s powers under ››preparing academic and popular the Historic Monuments and Order 1999 and the Treasure Act archaeological publications 1996 (amended by the Treasure Archaeological Objects (Northern (Designation) Order 2002). Ireland) Order 1995, namely ››advising on the historic the protection, preservation, environment in relation conservation, investigation and to strategic environmental recording of historic monuments, assessments, development archaeological sites and landscapes, plans and development archaeological objects and any control consultations other such matters that the Department may refer to it. ››responding to consultations from government departments and other agencies.
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In practice the Council principally 2.1.3 The University and in expertise and capacity is advises the Department Museum Sectors particularly concerning as few on matters of policy and museums are currently able to Archaeology is taught at both the scheduling of historic accept archaeological archives undergraduate and postgraduate monuments, however, it also for long-term curation. level within the School of considers the designation of Geography, Archaeology and areas of special archaeological Palaeoecology at Queen’s interest and the general state of 2.1.4 The Voluntary Sector University Belfast. The Centre preservation and conservation for Archaeological Fieldwork The voluntary sector is of historic monuments and is also based at Queen’s represented by the Ulster archaeological objects. University and currently holds Archaeological Society and a contract with the Northern numerous local historical societies. The Ulster Archaeological Society 2.1.2 Private Sector Ireland Environment Agency to undertake the Agency’s excavation not only publishes the Ulster A number of commercial and survey requirements. Archaeological Journal, which forms excavation units undertake the principal academic outlet work in Northern Ireland on The Northern Ireland Environment for publishing archaeological behalf of developers relating Agency also partly funds the excavations in Northern Ireland, to planning conditions. Centre for Maritime Archaeology but also provides an opportunity based in the University of Ulster’s for its members to participate in This work arises from policies Environmental Sciences Research fieldwork. These opportunities are contained within Planning Policy Institute. Academic staff employed often organised in partnership with Statement 6: Planning, Archaeology at both universities direct bodies such as the National Trust, and the Built Heritage which place research projects investigating which has been at the forefront a responsibility on developers aspects of Northern Ireland’s of working with volunteers to provide information assessing archaeological heritage. on archaeological projects. and evaluating the impact of a proposed development upon Responsibility for museums archaeological remains and, falls under the remit of the where necessary to commission Department of Culture, Arts the excavation and recording and Leisure (DCAL). of archaeological remains that will be compromised Both the National Museums by their developments. Northern Ireland (NMNI) and local authority-funded museums This work is licensed and curate important archaeological regulated by the Northern collections, however, the lack Ireland Environment Agency of specialist archaeological staff and in recent years planning- currently employed within led excavations form the bulk the sector severely limits the of the excavations undertaken contribution that museums each year in Northern Ireland. make to the understanding and appreciation of archaeology in Northern Ireland. This gap Planning Policy Statement 6
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Surveying at the Mound of Down in 2012 with Downpatrick Cathedral in the background, Photo: Philip McDonald
Since the appointment of an in archaeological activity. There and its potential to address many archaeologist to its Northern is also a failure to publish, or of the environmental and social Ireland staff in 2003, the National make accessible in formats problems in Northern Ireland is Trust has successfully run attractive to the specialist and not being realised. The past is the excavations, staffed by volunteers, the public, the results of both basis upon which contemporary at Downhill and Castle Ward. planning-led excavation and society has been built. archaeological research. Archaeology has the unique ability 2.1.5 Discussion Finally, there is inadequate to both ‘unsettle’ and offer fresh Whilst the diversity of institutions provision for the storage, long- perspectives upon the received practising archaeology in Northern term curation and access to historical narratives of our past, Ireland is a valued strength, the archaeological archives. thereby provoking debate on the sector faces several challenges present understanding of the past in realising the full public benefit It is a concern of the Historic and its influence upon our future. of archaeology. Firstly, there are Monuments Council that the too few opportunities for the potential of the public to engage Dr Philip MacDonald, HMC public to engage and participate meaningfully with archaeology
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2.2 Joint Committee on Northern Ireland has a rich during the manufacturing Industrial Heritage industrial history and the pace heyday. It has many interesting of technological change in the features including an early air The Joint Committee on 19th and 20th centuries was such conditioning system complete Industrial Heritage brings that processes, equipment and with Musgrave steam engine. together representatives buildings became obsolete at an of the Historic Buildings accelerating rate and so much Members of JCIH did some Council and the Historic was lost as the pressure for new further work on the history of Monuments Council who land uses grew. In many cases the Gilnahirk Listening Station have a particular interest the loss went unremarked and and found that it was the site in industrial heritage. JCIH enthusiasm was concentrated of an important World War deals with issues referred to on the new anticipated uses for 2 radio signal interceptor and it by HBC, HMC or by NIEA. the former industrial sites. There direction finding station which has been much focus on the played an important role in JCIH also considers Titanic Quarter but one thinks the Battle of the Atlantic. In the additional matters not of the former Harland and Wolff event the decision not to list the brought by the Council or slipways and engine works, much remaining post-war buildings was NIEA where it considers of these already lost as the whole considered to be acceptable. It action is required or notice method of shipbuilding changed is an example, unfortunately too to be taken. The Committee in the 1960s and 1970s or of the common, of an important site deals with a broad obsolete spinning mills, tobacco where because of later uses and range of heritage issues factories and glassworks. redevelopment nothing of the encompassing transport, original historic fabric remains. infrastructure, water supply Aspects of the Titantic and other utilities as well as redevelopment that exercised JCIH industry. included the future of the HMS Caroline which lies at the nearby Alexandra Dock. This historic ship was decommissioned as a training centre during the period of this report. There is much interest in securing the future of the ship as a heritage attraction at its present location, given its long association with Northern Ireland. Another aspect was the outworking of the decision to relocate the Belfast Metropolitan main campus to the Titanic Quarter. This has led to the vacation of and uncertain future for the Belfast Technical College building at College Square, Belfast. The old ‘Tech’ building, which is listed, played an important Deehommed, Co. Down flax mill chimney, Photo: NIEA role in the history of education 16 REPORT 2009 - 2012
JCIH retained its interest in the Ireland Railways’ expansion plans included old water pumps, story of aviation, particularly the and alerted ourselves to the milestones (including some in Irish context of World War 2. This took possibility that some of the fine old miles) and Belfast roof trusses. the form of continuing interest in stations and other infrastructure the two scheduled hangars that could be lost as the planned JCIH has a particular interest were part of the former Long railway renaissance unfolded. in ensuring that an appropriate Kesh former airfield, later part of Over the years listing has been evaluation is carried out on HMP Maze. The Committee was applied to a number of important items of historic industrial plant. pleased to note the successful but now disused stations, on Steam-driven plant was often the relocation of the Ulster Aviation functioning lines and where lines prime mover of factories, driving Society historic collection and no longer exist. Many of these machines through pulley systems in archive from Langford Lodge to face an uncertain future and are the 19th and early 20th centuries these hangars. Our wider interest a cause for continuing concern. and almost all of it has been lost. in the future use of the former One of greatest disappointments airfield and prison site continues The ubiquitous lime kilns continued was the loss from a listed mill given its important WW2 history. to be considered from time to building, sometime in 2011, of the time, either as candidates for long redundant c. 1910 steam On railway infrastructure little listing or removal. Consideration engines and the d.c. generators was brought to JCIH during the was given to the earlier thematic they drove. Although these were report period save for the almost survey work and it was agreed fixtures and therefore protected unique features at Castlerock that a fresh survey was not by the listing of the building station and signalling systems. necessary. Other recurring items they were removed, apparently We did, however, note Northern as candidates for protection mistakenly, and destroyed as
HMS Caroline, Photo: NIEA
17 REPORT 2009 - 2012
scrap. At Caledon the interesting justify acceptance of proposals that scheduled beam engine and would otherwise be unacceptable. surrounding structure at the old The outcome of the proposals at mill site still wait major work to at the Clark’s Mill site await the issue least secure what is left of them. of the Magherafelt Area Plan. Northern Ireland’s inventory of historic plant is very limited and It is to be hoped that the consequently the items still existing recent Titanic centenary are of great historical value. The commemoration will lead to a three steam engines which had renewed interest in Northern been removed from display to Ireland’s industrial heritage and facilitate the refurbishment of to the better preservation and the Ulster Museum are in safe presentation of what artefacts storage, though we regret that it and other evidence remain. has not been possible to make them available for display again. The current bleak economic There is an apparent continuing climate has reduced the pressure problem in finding space to display for redevelopment, with its heritage items, for example the potential for loss of heritage redundant fog signalling equipment items or sites, but it is a matter of from the listed Mew Island regret that it has also led to a big lighthouse at the entrance to reduction in the resources available Belfast Lough, on which JCIH was for heritage protection activity. consulted, has been sent to Wales for safe retention and display. William R. Darby, Chairman, JCIH Finally JCIH has been involved in providing consultation inputs on a number of Departmental and wider Government issues including DOE draft budget proposals, PPS 23 (Enabling Development) and PPS 24 (Economic Considerations), Reform of Public Administration and the effect of climate change on the historic environment. PPS 23 and 24 arise in considering development proposals for historic and industrial sites such as Clark’s Mill at Upperlands and the Barbour Mill at Hilden. In such cases the test is often whether preservation of the heritage items
18 REPORT 2009 - 2012
2.3 Historic Environment The Forum is chaired by the Strategic Forum Minister and brings together a wide range of stakeholders The Historic Environment including senior civil servants Strategic Forum (formerly from relevant Government known as the Historic Departments, business and tourism Environment Stakeholders bodies and heritage NGOS. Forum) was set up in 2007 by then Minister of the The chair of the Historic Environment, Arlene Foster Monuments Council is a MLA. member of the Forum. The aim of the Forum is to promote and demonstrate the social and economic importance of the historic environment through strategic initiatives.
Under the guidance of its Economic sub-group the Forum sponsored the preparation and publication of the Department of the Environment’s report on The Study of the Economic Value of Northern Ireland’s Historic Environment (2012). In its programme of work the Historic Monuments Council had identified the quantification of the contribution that the historic environment makes to the Northern Ireland economy as a key aim.
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2.4 Economic Value of The historic environment is provision of access to historic Northern Ireland’s Historic already a major contributor to environment sites for those Environment Report the economy, supporting 5,400 from socially and economically full time equivalent jobs and disadvantage communities. Seven The report intends to raise generating around £287 million case studies were selected to the profile of heritage of output and £135 million of demonstrate the wide range to decision makers, to GVA annually. These figures of benefits from the historic improve understanding reflects direct and indirect jobs environment and how these might of heritage assets, and to through public, construction be realized more effectively. increase tourist revenues. It (repair and maintenance of historic highlights the importance buildings) and tourism (‘out of The report recommends that of the historic environment state’ visitors) expenditure only. Government and stakeholders to Northern Ireland’s When the impact of domestic develop a coherent strategy economy and includes six tourism is included, the NI historic and implementation plan for key recommendations. environment generates circa £532 realising the potential of the million of output per annum, historic environment. These creates a total of circa 10,000 recommendations will not jobs and generates circa £250 provide instant results, but will million of GVA each year. Despite build capacity within the sector these current achievements, the designed to facilitate more sector contributes less than in strategic development and neighbouring jurisdictions (for provide sustainable benefits example, the Republic of Ireland or to the wider community. Scotland). This suggests that there is significant potential to further develop the historic environment sector in Northern Ireland. In the Republic of Ireland a report on An Economic Evaluation of the Historic Environment, undertaken by Ecorys, was published by the Heritage Council in May 2012.
A wide range of economic and social benefits associated with the historic environment was highlighted by stakeholders who responded to a survey as part of the study. The principal benefits identified were; a sense of identity and history, preservation of heritage for future generations, provision of a better living environment, economic regeneration and 20 REPORT 2009 - 2012
The recommendations are that: to the Northern Ireland economy Study of the economic value of NI’s and that this impact has been Historic Environment 1. government and non- produced despite the absence government organisational of a co-ordinated strategy. The stakeholders develop a coherent recommendations focus the need strategy and implementation plan for an overarching and coherent for realising the potential of the strategy for future investment historic environment in the historic environment. This strategy should be embedded with 2. public sector funding should the Programme for Government be increased to realise further and it should be supported by a economic and social benefit robust monitoring and evaluation and to encourage private sector framework that will assess its involvement impact and value for money.
3. presentation of historic The adoption of a strategic environment sites should be approach to future investment reviewed to enhance their visitors will assist the sector in developing experience and to maximise their higher levels of economic and impact social benefit which in turn will contribute to the achievement 4. the present level of impact of the economic and tourism generated by the historic development objectives set by environment in Northern Ireland the Northern Ireland Executive should be sustained and increased (NI Executive Programme for Government (PfG) 2011-15; Tourism 5. organisations involved in the Strategy for Northern Ireland to historic environment should 2020) consider ways of expanding their existing linkages with suitable partners (including links with the Dr Brian Williams, NIEA natural environment) to coordinate marketing and promotion efforts
6. an economic impact toolkit should be developed for use within the historic environment sector.
The report quantified the economic value of the historic environment in Northern Ireland in terms of income and jobs. The resulting figures highlighted the fact that the historic environment makes a significant contribution
21 REPORT 2009 - 2012
3. Understanding of the Historic Environment
3.1 CAMSAR Report Following on a pilot study were in a good condition and undertaken in 2000 the Centre 21% in improved grassland. This In 2009 the Condition and for Archaeological Fieldwork at is significantly worse that the Management Survey of the Queen’s University Belfast started condition of sited on unimproved Archaeological Resource work on the project in 2004, grassland where 65% could (CAMSAR) Report was assessing the condition of a sample be described as being in good published by NIEA. This of 1,500 sites across Northern condition or wetlands where 53% was the outcome of a Ireland randomly selected from of the sites were in good condition. project designed to collect the Northern Ireland Sites and and analyse site-specific Monuments Record (NISMR). A key finding of CAMSAR was that data from a range of Representing approximately 10% monuments which had some form monuments to inform future of the then total number of sites of protection were more likely to management strategies. in the NISMR, this was considered be in good condition than other to be both a statistically valid and sites. It is important to recognise achievable number of sites to visit that only 15% of the sample were within the timescale of the project. protected as either State Care Monuments or as Scheduled The sites ranged in date from Historic Monuments but over the Mesolithic to the post- 90% of the sites protected in this medieval period, and covered way or under Agri-Environmental a wide range of site types. They schemes (another 5% of the varied in survival from upstanding total) were in good condition. monuments to where only the location of the site was known and occurred throughout rural and urban landscapes, divided into 10 different land use categories. All of the sites were visited in the field and their current condition was compared to the information held in the NISMR.
Not surprisingly, fieldwork revealed that land use has an important impact on monument survival rates. Sites in arable, improved grassland and those within urban areas had the worst rate of survival and were in the poorest condition. For example CAMSAR Report only 13% of sites on arable land 22 REPORT 2009 - 2012
This is a clear indication of the Condition of protected and unprotected sites in the CAMSAR sample, Table 23 - success of these protective CAMSAR Report measures. By contrast a very worrying result of the survey was that over 26% or a quarter of the sites had experienced some form of damage within the previous five-year period. Even more strikingly where sites were largely complete, substantial or had some definable features (representing 43% of the total of the 1,500 sites in the sample) almost half of them had been damaged in 6. Augment the schedule re-survey of the same sample of the previous 5 years. Agricultural of historic monuments 1,500 sites is carried out a decade activity was identified as the main in Northern Ireland after the initial survey in 2014-16. cause of such damage (along with the growth of vegetation). 7. Conduct a further Condition and Management Survey of the Centre for Archaeological The CAMSAR Report Archaeological Resource in 2014. Fieldwork, Queen’s concluded with a series of University Belfast key recommendations: The CAMSAR survey provided a baseline survey of a statistical 1. Enhance the Northern Ireland sample of Northern Ireland’s Sites and Monuments Record archaeological resource in the middle of the first decade of 2. Promote awareness and the twenty first century. continue to develop good relationships with the owners of To assess the success of current historic sites and monuments policies and practices and to build on this survey it is essential that a 3. Plan for focused research into the archaeological resource in Northern Ireland
4. Improve the condition of the sites which are identified as in the poorest condition, in the most vulnerable locations and those found in the most damaging land use categories
5. Develop management strategies for sites and monuments Percentage of sites in each land use category which had been damaged in recent times, Table 32 - CAMSAR Report located in woodland 23 REPORT 2009 - 2012
3.2 Impact of Climate Prior to the focus of CMA on this and other material. A key problem Change issue at the direction of NIEA since is that little is known about the 2009 there had been little specific impacts of climate change on The impacts of climate research on climate change impacts the underwater heritage as little change on the built heritage on cultural heritage in Northern research has been done on this of Northern Ireland was Ireland with the exception of subject. Studies of underwater considered in papers a report on commissioned by site formation processes are (HM470 (2010); 479 (2012)) the National Trust Northern not sufficiently detailed to allow prepared by the Centre Ireland considering future predictions of future change. for Maritime Archaeology coastal scenarios for Northern (CMA), University of Ulster Ireland and published as Shifting The cultural heritage of Northern on behalf of NIEA and Shores, Living With A Changing Ireland’s inland waterways and presented to the Historic Coastline (2008). The impact terrestrial wetlands includes Monuments Council. can be considered under three built heritage and archaeological headings; on the coastal heritage, features found within and adjacent on the marine underwater to rivers, lakes, canals, bogs and heritage and on the fresh water marshland. There is a perceived and wetland land heritage. lack of awareness on the extent, significance and vulnerability of In the case of the coastal the cultural heritage of inland environment it is clear that the waterways compared to that impacts will be major and severe. of the coast. Projections of Increased erosion will cause the future climate change with loss of existing foreshores, salt increased precipitation, flooding marshes, sand dunes and cause cliff and storminess suggest there instability and weaken existing sea will be two types of impact. defences. Sand dune retreat can be considered one of the most These are direct natural impacts detrimental impacts as Northern (such as flooding, increased Ireland has some of the most erosion, channel siltation, alluviation culturally enriched dune systems and groundwater fluctuation) and on the island with very important indirect human impacts (such as evidence of prehistoric and later mitigation and adaptive responses settlement. Strangford Lough can – channel re-alignment, levee be cited as an example of the construction and dredging). To give impact of increased erosion on one example of the impact the soft coastlines. Survey in the 1990s Flood Prediction maps prepared revealed the wealth of material on by the Rivers Agency to illustrate the lough foreshore but re-survey the estimated extend of flood in 2009 demonstrated that some plains in 2030 indicate that in the sites had been completely eroded. Lower Bann Valley between Toome and Portglenone 87 SMR and 125 The marine underwater cultural IHR sites and at least 3 scheduled heritage includes shipwrecks, areas fall within the predicted submerged Mesolithic landscapes limit of future flood activity. 24 REPORT 2009 - 2012
In talking about the way forward in 1. Working with other 2. Baseline archaeological terms of mitigation and adaption organisations and stakeholders data is essential. the approaches used in other dealing with response to jurisdictions were drawn upon to climate change is essential. Clearly knowing where cultural suggest the following key themes: heritage is located is crucial in This is crucial both to have assessing the impact of climate access to the best information change. Building on work already and models on the impacts of completed it’s essential to map the climate change and to facilitate entire Northern Ireland coast and integrated policy-making. its river catchment areas to obtain the most accurate baseline data Cultural heritage considerations and to inform mitigation strategies. should be included as a consideration in coastal and 3. The need to prioritise river management. The key resources towards important or role of the DOE’s Northern threatened sites or landscapes Ireland Climate Change Impacts with greatest archaeological Partnership was identified. potential most at risk.
Number of heritage features potentially threatened by future high-very high soil erosion risk in Northern Ireland (CMA:UU)
25 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Number of Sites and Monuments Records (SMR) per county potentially threatened by future flooding in Northern Ireland (CMA:UU)
700 Fluvial and Pluvial Flooding (2030) Coastal Flooding (2030) 600
500
400
300
200
100
0
NI Sites and Monuments Record
We are in a period of rapid The CMA provided an update to a range of sources to provide environmental change and that Council on its work in this area in an indication of the extent of it is of vital importance that 2012 and its focus on documenting hard rock coastline versus soft heritage management in Northern baseline archaeological data unconsolidated sediments. Areas Ireland rises to the challenge and and ‘vulnerability mapping’. This of erosion are being identified formulates long term strategies includes a characterisation of and mapped to build up a picture based on sound research. the coastline with data from of vulnerability hotspots.
26 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Number of cultural heritage sites potentially threatened by future flooding in Northern Ireland (CMA:UU)
In terms of vulnerability mechanism to identify the extend Centre for Maritime Archaeology, mapping of heritage features of future flooding. Vulnerability University of Ulster, Coleraine along Northern Ireland’s inland mapping also identifying the waterways, work is continuing to impact and appropriateness of identify and map heritage features suggested mitigation responses and using the River Agency’s on the historic environment. climate change flood map as a
27 REPORT 2009 - 2012
3.3 PPS 6 and the Impact The policies contained within of PPS 6 in 1999 coupled with of Development PPS 6 place a responsibility upon the economic boom led to a developers to provide information sustained rise in archaeological The vast majority of assessing and evaluating the impact excavations and then following archaeological excavations of a proposed development the Credit Crunch of 2007/8 that take place in Northern upon archaeological remains and, how the annual number of Ireland every year are where necessary, commission excavations decreased markedly funded by developers in excavation and recording of with the downturn in fortunes advance of construction archaeological remains that of the construction industry. projects. A number of will be compromised by their commercial excavation developments. This work is licensed The large jump in the number units undertake this work and regulated by the Built Heritage of licences being issued from which arises from policies Directorate of the Northern 2006 also reflects a change in contained within Planning Ireland Environment Agency. practice whereby more evaluations Policy Statement 6: as well as full scale mitigation Planning, Archaeology and The number of licences to excavations were necessary. the Built Heritage (PPS6). conduct archaeological excavations being issued annually is a useful Excavations arising from PPS 6 barometer for measuring the have led to the investigations of health of the construction industry a number of significant sites that and the wider economy in have generated a great deal of Northern Ireland. The graph shows valuable information that has the both how the implementation potential to radically transform
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
0
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Graph of excavation licences issued by NIEA 1986-2011: HMC
28 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Excavation of Ballymacarett glasshouses, Belfast, Photo: Gahan and Long
our understanding of the past There is also a failure to publish commission the excavation and lives of our ancestors in the or make accessible, in formats recording of archaeological remains north of Ireland. Examples attractive to both the specialist that are to be impacted on by include, the Bronze Age nucleated and the public, the results of development but this responsibility settlement at Corrstown, Co. development-led excavation. as currently phrased does not Londonderry (2002-2003) and There is also inadequate provision explicitly include associated, the Ballymacarett glasshouses for storage, long-term curation and necessary archaeological work in East Belfast (2008-9). access to the archives generated around the dissemination of the as a result of development. excavation results, the long-term The Council is concerned There are many reasons for the curation of the resultant archives however that the full potential failure to realise the potential or public participation in the public benefit of development- contribution that development- archaeological process. Addressing led excavation is not being led archaeology could make to this could create an opportunity realised. As currently practised society in Northern Ireland. to realise the full social benefit development-led archaeology of developer-led archaeology. is not providing enough The BH4 Policy which deals with opportunities for the public to archaeological mitigation within engage with, and participate Planning Policy Statement 6 places Dr Philip MacDonald, HMC in, archaeological activity. a responsibility for developers to 29 REPORT 2009 - 2012
4. Protection and Care
4.1 Protection Measures: Sections 13-21 of the Order necessary works to adjust farming Background and Context are the key sections relating practice. There is an active to monuments in State Care. scheduling programme to consider The statutory basis for the These include provision for the monuments for protection. protection of archaeological maintenance, management and sites and historic protection of and public access to Sites for scheduling are selected monuments is provided by monuments in the ownership or on the basis of non-statutory the Historic Monuments guardianship of the Department criteria published in Planning Policy and Archaeological Objects of the Environment. The 6 (PPS 6) Planning, Archaeology (Northern Ireland) Order Department of the Environment and the Built Environment (1999). 1995. The Order provides exercises its statutory functions for the protection of sites relating to these monuments These are: and monuments in a through the Northern Ireland ››Period number of ways, principally Environment Agency. ›Rarity as monuments in State › Care (referred to here as There are currently 190 State ››Documentation State Care Monuments Care Monuments in Northern ››Group value or SCMs) or as scheduled Ireland. NIEA published the ››Survival/condition monuments. seventh edition of the Guide to the › Historic Monuments of Northern › Diversity Ireland in State Care in 2009 ››Potential (see Section 5.2). The Historic ››Fragility/vulnerability. Monuments Council undertook a survey of the accessibility Currently there are some 1800 and ground maintenance of scheduled historic monuments in State Care Monuments and the Northern Ireland. The Schedule availability of interpretation and is maintained by the NIEA information at SCMs as part of and scheduled monuments its programme of work for 2009- are currently monitored every 12. This was published in 2012 3-4 years by part-time Field as the State Care Monument Wardens. Under the Order the Visitation Survey and a summary Historic Monuments Council is presented in Section 5.3. is consulted on all actions to schedule, deschedule or Sections 3-12 of the Order deal reschedule a monument. with scheduled monuments. Under the Order physical changes A summary of the scheduling within scheduled areas can proposals considered by Council be controlled and consent for is provided in Section 1.3 and damaging actions refused. The details are provided in Appendix prevention of damage can be 1. Section 4.2 discusses the 2009- achieved through management 12 scheduling programme. and agreements and by funding 30 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Under its responsibilities for It was recognised in the Condition Monuments and Buildings Record recording, protecting, conserving and Management Survey of and promoting the historic built the Archaeological Resource in environment the Built Heritage Northern Ireland (NIEA 2009) Directorate, NIEA maintains the discussed in Section 3.1 of this Monuments and Buildings Record report that the archaeological (MBR) which holds data on all resource is vulnerable and that elements of the built environment statutorily protected archaeological in the form of an online mapping sites and monuments are facility – HERITAGEMAP, databases, generally in better condition, have documents, photographs substantial surviving remains and and drawn material. are frequently visible as public heritage assets in Northern Ireland. Key elements of the MBR are: In this context is important that the momentum is maintained in ›› The Northern Ireland Sites and the scheduling programme. The Monuments Record (NISMR) with scheduling process also provides data on over 16,000 archaeological a mechanism to prioritise and sites and historic monuments implement strategic policy about the archaeological resource. On ›› The Historic Buildings Record the ground the very important with information on over 9,000 interface provided by Field historic buildings and structures Monument Wardens should continue and be enhanced when ›› The Industrial Heritage resources allow. Management Record with information of agreements where necessary over 16,000 industrial sites to address specific issues of erosion and damage provide a ›› The Maritime Heritage Record very cost-effective support. with details on archaeological sites found on the coastline, foreshore and underwater
›› The Defence Heritage Project which collects information on Northern Ireland’s 20th- century military structures
›› The Northern Ireland Heritage Gardens Archive has detailed records on almost 700 historic parks, gardens and demesnes.
31 REPORT 2009 - 2012
4.2 Scheduling 2009-12: Since that time Management following on the recommendations Analysis and Discussion Agreements (which can also be of the CAMSAR report discussed arranged at sites which are not above. The value of scheduling The Historic Monuments scheduled) enable the funding monuments was demonstrated by and Archaeological Objects of necessary works to adjust their better than average condition (Northern Ireland) Order farming practices to ensure the compared to the overall condition 1995 introduced Scheduled preservation of earthworks of monuments as recorded in the Monument Consent (SCM) and orthostatic monuments CAMSAR survey. Three reviews to Northern Ireland for the and to undertake conservation of the Schedule since 1986 have first time and provided of masonry ruins. The Field examined its representation of a new momentum to the Monument Wardens (FMWS) particular monument types and scheduling programme. provide regular condition reports their geographic distribution. on scheduled monuments and critically contact with owners. This The most recent review was important work is carried out by presented to HMC in 2007 (HM the Field Monument Wardens 439) and had recommended the (currently three with a fourth increased scheduling of prehistoric position vacant) on a cyclical basis. sites in low-lying agricultural land due to the growing vulnerability In the period under consideration of what can often be fragile the scheduling programme had a monuments in the face of number of key foci, recognising the modern intensive farming and need for increased protection of the extension of the scheduling certain types of monuments and of industrial heritage sites.
Standing stone at Stawmore, Co. Londonderry (LDY 040:005), Photo: NIEA
32 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Raths and standing stones are Mullaghglass, Co. Armagh, standing stone and rath in the background the two most common types of (ARM 026:004, 026:005), Photo: NIEA monument found in Northern Ireland and many are increasingly under potential threat due to pressure from agriculture. The general lowland distribution of raths and to a lesser extent of standing stones has placed them in a dynamic farming environment and hence scheduling plays an important role in preserving these important historic features of the landscape.
One of the interesting aspects that emerged from ongoing fieldwork is that raths and standing stones in many cases are situated close to each other, suggesting cities and towns and in rural areas, industrial heritage. In some cases potential evidence of settlement but what survives is a very small they are the only surviving historic continuity from prehistory into proportion of the original number. features of industrial complexes. the early medieval period. But these are often key landmarks, embodying strong social memories A notable feature of the scheduling In relation to the scheduling of for the communities associated programme in 2010 was the prehistoric sites in improved with them. They represent focus on the Lagan and Coalisland grassland, arable and development industries and activities that were canals. Additional scheduling of land in 2009 for example a the catalyst for the establishment reaches of the Lagan Canal have number of standing stones around of towns and villages and represent brought the entirety of the canal the Newry River near Jerretspass, the ambitions, achievements and into protection and ensure that Co. Down were scheduled as were ways of life of past communities. any future restoration or other three standing stones forming work has to be undertaken a significant cluster of similar Protection of industrial heritage with sensitivity and caution. The sites located around the base sites is carried out through listing Coalisland canal was scheduled of Knocklayd, Co. Antrim which or scheduling as appropriate. from the edge of the town to complemented existing scheduled Amongst the sites were four the river Blackwater four and a sites there. An interesting example windmills in Co. Down and a half miles to the south-east. of a rath and standing stone corbelled pig crew or house occurring close together is at of a form that is distinctive to The canal system in Northern Mullaghglass, Co. Armagh which the Lecale area. A selection of Ireland is now protected by were both scheduled. A wide range industrial heritage chimneys from scheduling with the exception of industrial heritage sites were different areas were scheduled of the Ulster Canal, which has scheduled in the period under on the basis of their contribution many listed features, and another review. Industrial heritage sites to the historic landscape and short section near Coleraine. survive in various conditions across as important components of This is an important mechanism 33 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Sheepland Beg, Co. Down windmill The Lagan Canal (ANT 067:501) at Broad Water, Photo: HMC stump (DOW 045:502), Photo: NIEA
to ensure protection and primary link to means sea level agreements and the work of preservation in the light of their for all height control in Northern the Field Monument Wardens in high profile in applications for Ireland were scheduled after monitoring the condition of sites. economic development and the Land and Property Services The Scheduling Programme was development of tourist amenities. (LPS, formerly Ordnance Survey reactivated in January 2012. Northern Ireland) brought Several sites clustered around the attention to their vulnerability Barmouth at the Bann estuary and importance. The FBMs Claire Foley, NIEA, relating to the Coleraine harbour are still a vital infrastructural Gabriel Cooney, HMC walls and their subsequent element of map-making. protection during World War II were scheduled. These sites Scheduling proposals were indicate the significance of curtailed in 2011 due to financial the Bann estuary throughout constraints and the temporary human occupation of the area. cessation of contract assistance.
Finally, and reflecting the ongoing However, reactive scheduling importance of modern industrial activities continued in the heritage, the five surviving responding to applications for Fundamental Bench Marks (FBMS) scheduled monument consent, built in the 1950s to provide the in establishing management
34 REPORT 2009 - 2012
4. 3 Placenames Townland names, many of which ANT 037:013 GALGORM may have been created towards CHURCH - D08090023801831 One of the features of the end of the first millennium Galgorm Gall Gorm ‘blue- the sites considered by AD, can tell us not only about black rock/castle’ (PNNI the Historic Monuments monuments themselves, but iv 178-9, Pat McKay) Council for scheduling also the landscape around the by NIEA under the time the names were created: In 2010 a church was scheduled Historic Monuments and its topography, vegetation and in Galgorm, parish of Ahoghill, Archaeological Objects wildlife. As a counterpart to this, a townland which is named (Northern Ireland) Order identifying the features referred after its (original) castle. 1995 was the information on to in a historic place-name also placenames that came as enriches our understanding of Apart from Gilgorm or Gealgorm part of part of the data file the Irish language in the past Castle, mentioned in 1569 (UJA on the site. - since, as with all languages, ser.1 ix 64), the earlier references the grammar and meaning of (1605-1631) show that the words changes subtly over time, townland of Galgorm was formerly and the range of meanings in a known as Ballystraboy, a name modern dictionary may not fully derived from Irish Baile (an t)Sratha reflect the range available then. B(h)uí ‘townland of the yellow river-holm’, probably referring to Place-name studies use the range the flat plain in the angle between of spellings in historic sources the rivers Main and Braid. to deduce the original spelling and its date. History is also It appears that this name was relevant when known individuals later supplanted by that of a or families are referred to in castle which formerly stood in place-names. Full sources are the west of the townland – rather now freely available for townland than the building at present names in Northern Ireland on known as Galgorm Castle, which the map-and-history website was not constructed until the www.placenamesNI.org created year 1696 (OSM xxiii 12). by Ordnance Survey Northern Ireland and Queen’s University According to the Ordnance Survey Belfast (Note however, that in Memoir, the older castle was a some counties interpretations still stronghold of the McQuillans after have to be added to the website). their expulsion from Dunluce Castle by the MacDonnells. It was The focus here is on place- burned down in the Rebellion of names directly related to 1641 but traces of the foundations the site being scheduled or were still visible in 1835. to other historic features.
35 REPORT 2009 - 2012
The Memoir also suggested townland of Tullydevenish ‘hillock from the people called Airgialla, that the castle ‘appears to of Devenish’ adjacent to the was erenagh of the monastery have built on a danish fort’ north-east. It seems possible of Antrim. There was also a (sic, OSM xxiii 26), borne out that it was once church land, a connection to the O’Neills. by the Sites and Monuments frequent connotation of machaire Lisnamurrikin was situated in the Record (NISMR) which marks ‘plain’. Although it now apparently tuath or petty Irish kingdom of the site as a motte-and-bailey. contains the surname of the Muntermurrigan which comprised Plantation landlord, the ending the civil parishes of Racavan It seems that the element gall, -dunbar cannot be the (Scottish) and Glenwhirry and the name which commonly means ‘stone/ surname, it must be a noun phrase, of which derives from Irish rock’, can be used metaphorically either Dún Bairr ‘fort of the hilltop’ Muintir Mhuireagáin ‘descendants to signify a castle, in the same or, following the earlier reference of Muireagáin or Morgan’. way as cloch ‘stone’ and carraig in 1609, Droim Bairr, ‘ridge of the ‘rock’, appearing in the place- hilltop’. Barr can also have the The name of the townland is names Clough, Clogh, and specialised meaning of ‘upland/ recorded as Ballylistenmurregan Carrickfergus (Ó Máille 1989- summer grazing’ in Fermanagh, so in 1637 and as Lisnemoorican in 90, 133). It is thus likely that that the name might mean ‘Plain 1669 and the most satisfactory this name is Gall Gorm, ‘blue/ of the ridge of the upland grazing’. interpretation is Lios Uí blue-black stone’, referring to the Modification of place-names to Mhuireagáin ‘O’Morgan’s fort’. colour of the rock of the original reflect what people think they The name refers to a ringfort castle (P. McKay, PNI iv 178-9). mean is a recurring process in now lost which may have been history: one should never study the headquarters of the petty only the modern form of a name! kingdom. Writing c.1884 O’Laverty FER 211:011 (iii 429-30) said that at that time MAGHERADUNBAR ‘a great part of the rath [i.e. of RATH - H19959046660 ANT 033:033 Lisnamurrikin] has been cut away, Magheradunbar, Machaire LISNAMURRIKIN STANDING and an artificial cave which was Dhroim Bairr ‘plain of the STONE - D1590405265 in it has been nearly destroyed.’ ridge of upland grazing’ Lisnamurrikin, D 1504, Ir. Lios Uí Mhuireagáin The recent owner told the A rath was scheduled at ‘(O’)Morgan’s fort’ Northern Ireland Sites and Magheradunbar, parish of Monuments Record that his father Devenish, Fermanagh, in 2011. A standing stone at Lisnamurrikin had removed the fort and filled was scheduled in 2010. in the souterrain in the 1940s. The earliest reference is to magherydrumbar on the Escheated The first element of Lisnamurrikin Other enclosures and the standing County map of 1609, while half is certainly archaeological. The stone locally known as ‘St. Patrick’s a century later Petty’s county second element of the townland stone’ in the townland attest its map from the 1670s shows name contains a surname, historical importance (based on P. Maheridonbar (in the barony of now anglicised Morgan, of a McKay for www.placenamesNI.org). Magheryboy). Magheradunbar local influential family (thanks is a townland of 240 acres, rising to evidence collected by Pat to about 270 feet OD, separated McKay and Bernard Morgan). from Lough Erne and the island In 1096 Fland Ua Muireccáin, or monastery of Devenish by the Flann O’Morgan, with a pedigree
36 REPORT 2009 - 2012
LDY017:016 KILHOYLE was at length fixed’ (Colton Vis. ‘late abbey of Asherowe’, Assaroe KILLEEN, possible CASHEL & p.133). The church at Ardmore on the river Erne. Kiltierney SOUTERRAIN - C7380015980 was dedicated to St Cainneach, townland was still abbey land Cianachta Kilhoyle, Balteagh: patron of the local in the 1830s (OSM xiv 103). Cill Chomhghaill ‘St people of Co. Derry (OSM ix Comgall’s church 7, 19). R[h]ellick is of course the The Friars Walk from the abbey Irish word reilig ‘graveyard’. of Kiltierny ‘in the deer park In 2010 a killeen graveyard (known of General Archdale’ led to as The Rhellick), with possibly a Lough Erne and White Island: cashel & souterrain, was scheduled. FER154:003 KILTIERNEY LINEAR EARTHWORK ‘A grass-grown road, the remains Cill Chomhghaill ‘St Comgall’s - H2180762709 of which can in many places still church’ seems to be the likely Kiltierney: Cill Tighearnaigh be traced, known by the name etymology of the townland ‘Tighernach’s church’, modern of the Friars Walk, led from this name, which has appeared in the spelling Cill Tiarnaigh. monastery to the shores of Lough sources as both Kilcoyle (1613) Erne and, as tradition states, by and Kilchoyle (1659c). St Comgall, In 2010 a linear earthwork called stepping stones across a ford of the patron saint of Bangor, was The Friars Walk was scheduled the lake to the White Island, where also associated with Camus on in the townland of Kiltierney, are the ruins of a cell dependent the Bann (now in the parish of parish of Magheraculmoney, on the above-mentioned abbey Macosquin), while in Desertmartin Fermanagh, joining a range of of Killtierny. There are also the the parish church has been monuments scheduled earlier remains of another cell of the dedicated to St Comgall from at (FER 154: 3,72, 73). It is highly same abbey in an adjacent island least the 17th century (Bishop. significant in linking the parts of a called Davy’s Island’ (OSM xiv 106). Der. ii 136; i 405; cf. Colton Vis. much wider early monastic site. 83n; Adomnán 319). The church The link made by the Friar’s Walk site and other archaeological The earliest reference to the old between Kiltierney and White remains in Kilhoyle (such as the church site of Kiltierney is in the Island appears to identify White King’s Fort or Dún Chonchobhair) Annals of the Four Masters for Island with the early church of were described in the Ordnance 1602: Oilén Cille Tighearnaigh hi Eoinis ‘Yew Island’ mentioned with Survey Memoirs, where the fort Fearaibh Manach ‘the island of Cill the death notice of its founding had been a traditional gathering Tighearnaigh (‘Tighernach’s church’) saint Constans in AD 777 (AU). place (OSM Ix 9-10, 19, 32-33, 35). in Fermanagh’. St Tighernach was In AD 1308, according to the also patron of the parishes of Register of Clogher, Constans’ relics Of the church site, Reeves also Derryvullan and Clones, where he were transferred from Eoynys by quotes the legend that two died as bishop of Clones, c. AD ‘Feargna, bishop of Culmaine’. now ravens (eponyms of the parish 548 (AFM). The 1609 Escheated the parish of Magheraculmoney name Balteagh, Baile Dhá Fhiach Counties map of the barony of (Muhr 2004, 576). ‘homestead of the two ravens’) Lurg shows kilternie with a picture ‘flew away with the plumbline of the church, at some distance from the cemetery Rellick in from another church at Tullanaglug. the townland Kilhoyle, where In the same year the half quarter the parishioners were about to of the grange of Magherikilterny erect their church, to Ardmore, was referred to (CPR Jas I 383b), the townland where the site as part of the possessions of the
37 REPORT 2009 - 2012
FER245:020 SHEEHINNY ROUND CAIRN - Sheehinny, Co. Fermanagh round cairn (FER 245:020), Photo: NIEA H2733030140 Sheehinny, parish of Kinawley: possibly Sídh Chionaoith, ‘Cionaoth’s otherworld hill’ A round cairn in Sheehinny, parish of Kinawley, Fermanagh, was studied in 2010.
Sheehinny is part of the isolated hill of Knockninny, a hill which itself gives name to a townland sloping down to Upper Lough Erne, while its summit, 626 feet OD, is in Sheehinny townland. Knockninny is named after a local Uí Néill saint, patron of Inishmacsaint monastery and parish, and as well as a townland. Knockninny hill gave its name to the barony of Knockninny around it. The second- series 6-inch map sheet 33 shows traverse the space between the possibly a personal name, of two ‘giant’s graves’ on the hill, two openings (OSM iv 113). which the most likely is Cionaoth, one in Sheehinny a little NE of as in the surname McKenna the summit, one slightly further A small but distinctive hill like or McKinney (Mac Cionaith). away to the SE in the townland of this, with a notable monument Cortrasna. Coratrasna, Knockninny, on top and the impression of an Placenames then both add and Sheaghany were mentioned ‘entrance’, is a classic case for the to our understanding of the in 1835 as among 39 townlands Irish designation sídh, ‘Otherworld historic environment and of the Crom Estate belonging to hill’. i.e. a hollow hill inhabited by provide a new dimension to the Earl of Erne (OSM iv 121). supernatural beings, originally the the scheduling process. The Ordnance Survey Memoir gods of pagan times. The dog said of the hill of Knockninny: may have been part of a once- longer story of an attempt to Dr Kay Muhr, HMC Near the summit, which is crowned explore this alternative existence. by two mounds, is a narrow In 1620, in a grant to the Earl of cave nearly choked up, running Balfour, the place-name Shean underground for a considerable appears to be the diminutive distance to an opening below the Sídheán ‘Otherworld hill’, standing summit to the north. Although alone. The later spellings (e.g. also too small to be explored by 1817, Sheehany on the Grand Jury man, a dog has been known to Map) suggest a second element,
38 REPORT 2009 - 2012
4.4 Protecting Carved Stone NIEA presented a paper to the In October 2009 NIEA presented Monuments Historic Monuments Council in a paper to Council on Carved April 2009 on the Protection Stone Monuments in Northern The protection of the stone of Carved Stone Monuments Ireland – Quantification carvings of Northern (HM461). This noted that it and Classification (HM466). Ireland has been ongoing was evident that many sites This detailed the 187 entries concern of the Historic have deteriorated in condition recorded in the Northern Monuments Council. The over the past hundred years. It Ireland Sites and Monuments subject was discussed noted the recommendation of Record. The paper stated that the Historic Monuments an internal audit on the Built “NIEA shares an international Council report for 2003- Heritage Directorate which stated concern about the condition 2009 and in the report HMC “we recommend that senior of such carved stonework and recommended a full audit management develop a policy on its degradation due to constant and a programme of digital the protection of stone carved exposure to weathering.” scanning of all carved monuments from weathering stones in Northern Ireland, at the earliest opportunity and However, it went to point out including those portable ensure that it is implemented that the capacity of NIEA to deal stones which had been in line with the commitments adequately with the conservation removed for safety to stores given to the Historic Monuments and shelter of carved stone and museums. Council. Implementation of monuments is limited as it would the policy should help protect required dedicated resources This audit would provide and preserve important stone and an appropriate budget which information about carved monuments and also is currently not available. The vulnerable stones still in reduce the potential for criticism paper went on to outline NIEA’s situ. The digital scanning of and adverse publicity for current priorities in terms of of carvings would prove the Agency/Department.” conservation and protection as a record of their current the Boa Island and the Lustymore physical condition and A series of actions were proposed figures, Co. Fermanagh, the more importantly the in HM461 which included a Donaghmore Cross, Co. Tyrone information to allow high quantification of the scale of the and the Arboe Cross, Co. Tyrone. quality replicas to be made issue, identification of the factors if necessary in the future. that have resulted in deterioration At the December 2009 meeting and the solutions that would Dr Joanne Curran and Mr John help to minimise the levels of Savage of Stone Conservation deterioration at these sites. It Services (Consarc Design Group) was anticipated that the project presented on their work on would take up to two years to the Donaghmore and Arboe complete, from initial quantification Crosses. An integrated survey to establishing a policy or series and monitoring plan for the of recommendations to be Arboe Cross had been prepared implemented in site-specific for a QUB research project and scenarios that would help integrated monitoring provides minimise the deterioration of essential baseline data. For the carved stone monuments. Donaghmore Cross a conservation
39 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Donaghmore Cross, Co. Tyrone, Photo: NIEA Conservation work at Donaghmore to prevent water egress at top of the cross, Photo: NIEA
Department of Finance and Personnel presented options to the Council for the protection of Donaghmore and Ardboe crosses in situ from weathering. It was agreed that the next step would be consultation with the local communities on these options.
Over the course of 2010 NIEA had meetings with and correspondence from the Donaghmore Historical Society (Donaghmore) and the Arboe Community Group (Arboe). The Donaghmore Historical Society were very supportive of the idea strategy was devised for NIEA At this meeting Ms Foley noted of a cover for the cross and the including a short-term solution that in terms of the long-term Arboe Community Group were to protect the top of the cross. conservation and protection of in agreement about the need for these carved stone monuments a protective cover for the cross. A clay mould was prepared to there are basically three choices: The Group subsequently put create a capping for the top of forward a scheme to protect the cross and this was to be ››Removal to protected area the cross which was discussed fitted in the near future. The and erection of a replica by Council in January 2011. long-term recommendation is to continue monitoring and ››Partial casing In December 2010 Dr Joanne evaluate the options of shelter Curran and Ms Claire Lindsay protection. In the short-term ››Full casing structure. (KTP) gave a presentation to both sites continued to be the Council on Arboe and the monitored through the good will Mr Walter Boyd, Central White Island, Co. Fermanagh of Stone Conservation Services. Procurement Directorate, carved stone figures where they 40 REPORT 2009 - 2012
outlined the defects found in Ardboe Cross, Co. Tyrone, Photo: NIEA survey and the necessary repair work. NIEA indicated that this work would continue in 2011.
In summarising work in this area over the term of the Council it is clear that NIEA is both aware of its responsibilities and has done valuable short-term work in relation to specific monuments. Lack of funding and the need to place work at specific sites in the context of conservation and management plans are understandable reasons for the lack of a more coherent or longer-term policy initiative.
However, the Historic Monuments Council have to point out that the issue identified in the 2009 HM461 paper on the Protection of Carved Stone Monuments that the recommendation in a Built Heritage Directorate internal audit that a policy on the protection of carved stone monuments be developed and implemented at the earliest opportunity has not been followed up on. This poses not only a threat to the conservation of these iconic monuments of Christian heritage, but also a reputational risk to the Agency and Department.
The Historic Monuments Council would recommend that implementing this recommendation should be recognised as a priority by the Built Heritage Directorate, NIEA.
41 REPORT 2009 - 2012
4.5 Archaeological Archives At its meeting on the 26 January ››A comprehensive inventory/ 2010 Ms Siobhan Stevenson, survey is needed to quantify Under the Historic Head of Collections Care, all archaeological material Monuments and National Museums Northern currently held by private sector Archaeological Objects Ireland gave a presentation on companies. This material falls (Northern Ireland) Order, the proposed development of a under DCAL/NMNI/DOE:NIEA the Historic Monuments Collection Resource Centre for responsibility. This information Council has a statutory National Museums Northern would be key to formulating remit to advise the Ireland. In strongly supporting future strategies, including Department on the exercise this proposal Council pointed determining the level of resources of its powers under the out the need to engage with the needed to address this issue Order, which includes Built Heritage Directorate of Archaeological Objects NIEA and that the development ››That discussions on the (Part III of the Order). of the Collections Resource implementation of the Museums Centre could provide a critically Policy 2011 provide a real The Council discussed important opportunity to address opportunity to create an action the major problem of the the problem of the curation and plan for the treatment of curation of material from archiving of excavation material. excavation archives which are licensed archaeological derived from the planning process excavations which has In May 2011 the Historic accumulated over the last Monuments Council wrote to the ››DCAL, NMNI and DOE: decade as a result of the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, NIEA, Built Heritage should expansion of development- National Museums Northern engage in a consultation to led archaeological Ireland expressing concern about establish and clarify collective excavations. the conservation and management responsibility for archaeological of the collections of National material, from the issue of The Council recognised the Museums Northern Ireland. licences and fulfilment of planning need for a central storage conditions through to storage facility with appropriate The Chairman responded pointing and archive of all materials resources to ensure best out the backdrop of decreased deriving from commercial work. practice standards of care. financial resources but emphasising the commitment of the Trustees to an integrated approach to collections management and care, including the appointment of specialised staff, the documentation of collections and the direction of resources towards safeguarding the collections into the future.
In responding to the Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure review of National Museums Northern Ireland in January 2012 the Historic Monuments Council made three broad recommendations: 42 REPORT 2009 - 2012
A Northern Ireland Assembly Minister of Culture, Arts and Leisure Archaeological Archives in Northern Ireland; Assembly Report Research and Information Service and the Minister of the Environment - NIAR 621-11 Research Paper on Archaeological to address these issues, which archives in Northern Ireland: straddle their Departments, and to Legislation, guidance and gain a greater understanding of the comparison with other jurisdictions material that has been excavated to (NIAR 621-11) was published in date. December 2011.
The Northern Ireland Archaeological Forum (NIAF) has actively engaged with the Assembly to raise the issue of archaeological archives and on 25 June 2012 a motion was tabled for debate at the Northern Ireland Assembly by the Chairpersons of the Committee for Culture, Arts and Leisure and the Committee for the Environment on the topic of Archaeological Artefacts.
Prior to the debate the Council wrote to the Mr Alex Attwood MLA, Minister of the Environment and Ms Carái Ní Chuilin MLA, Minister for Culture, Arts and Leisure reiterating the three recommendations detailed above.
In speaking at the debate in the Assembly the Minister of the Environment cited the Historic Monuments Council’s recommendations. Arising from the debate the Assembly resolved that:
That this Assembly notes that there are gaps in the policy frameworks and legislation relating to the excavation of archaeological artefacts from planning-led developments, particularly in relation to the long-term curation and storage of such items; and calls on the
43 REPORT 2009 - 2012
4.6 The Heritage Crime There were two follow up have appointed Heritage Liaision Forum meetings in October 2011 and Officers and will be developing April 2012. The purpose was to their knowledge of premises in the In August 2011, as a result develop more joined up thinking divisional areas. of the recent dramatic between organisations and increase in fires at listed agencies in relation to heritage Among the action points and buildings the Minister of crime and this includes prevention, issues reported on was the Built the Environment, Mr Alex detection and prosecution. The Heritage Directorate NIEA’s work Attwood MLA, convened a Forum involves Built Heritage to establish a multi-agency task ‘Heritage Crime Summit” Directorate, NIEA, the Police force and their exploration of the which was attended by over Service of Northern Ireland, the potential for the development 100 delegates from key Fire and Rescue Service and of local partnerships through stakeholder groups across a range of invited parties and community planning. It was noted Northern Ireland. organisations (including relevant that the planned Policing and authorities in the Republic of Community Safety Partnerships Ireland). Understandably much of might be a good vehicle for looking the focus of the Forum was on at issues in a joined up way within buildings, but there are issues here communities and with councils in that are relevant to damage to Northern Ireland. Planning NI have monuments. been tasked with ensuring that staff become aware of applications It was specifically noted by the associated with buildings at risk Forum that the illegal detection, and that full use is made of existing removal and sale of archaeological powers to condition approvals and objects was an important aspect achieve repair. of heritage crime and this was followed up by a workshop on this NIEA had been given extra funds topic. by the Minister to issue Urgent Works Notices and the six issued Reviewing progress in April 2012 since late 2011 contrasted with the there had been achievements two in the preceding thirty eight (and ongoing developments are years. NIEA has also sent over sixty published on the NIEA website). warning letters making owners It was reported by the PSNI that aware of these powers and this a pilot project which provided resulted in a number of owners instant information about listed taking action to avoid a more buildings or other categories costly bill from the Department. of risk had been successful in reducing theft and damage. This The Ulster Architectural Heritage was subsequently rolled out across Society (UAHS) were asked to Northern Ireland. The NIEA’s work with NIEA on developing Environmental Crime Unit has guidelines for public and owner’s also appointed officers to be the knowledge of solutions to the liaison point with PSNI for each redundancy of buildings, specifically of their areas. The Fire Service short-term or ‘meanwhile uses’. 44 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Good progress was reported on this at a UAHS conference in October 2012. The Forum has also promoted discussion and engagement with the judiciary, banks and insurance companies to highlight the issue and there has been cross-border cooperation between police forces and a sharing of knowledge with the rest of the UK.
In June 2012 the Department and the Northern Ireland Executive published the Protocol for the Care of the Government Historic Estate. This will be distributed to all government departments and local authorities with guidance for good practice in the maintenance and disposal of historic buildings. The Protocol commits all government departments and agencies to report to NIEA by June 2013.
The Forum has demonstrated what can be achieved over a short period of time with leadership, focus and a coordinated strategy. Many problems continue of course, such as the relatively low level of penalty (the penalty for illegal demolition of a building was raised from £30,000 to £100,000 in 2011). It is important the Forum is not seen as a short-term initiative but a focus for continued policy development and enforcement.
Dr Suzanne Lyle and Malachy Conway, HMC
45 REPORT 2009 - 2012
5. Appreciation and Enjoyment 5.1 Context Beyond the protections provided the expertise of the professional by law that have developed since archaeologists who are members The current Historic the early part of the twentieth of the Council and to complement Monuments Council can century, many historic monuments this it also has the strength of trace its roots back to have been accorded an informal, a range of members whose the Ancient Monuments but no less powerful level of professional expertise and Advisory Council which protection steeped in folk history. historical knowledge, as well as was established in 1926. It Terminology such as “fairy passion for the monuments drives is important to recognise fort” or “fairy ring” may seem the work of the Council forward. therefore that while this incongruous with the language At all times, the Council takes care report relates to the work currently in use to describe historic to ensure that the actions that it of the Historic Monuments monuments, however in essence takes, whether in relation to the Council for the period both archaeology and folklore can scheduling of historic monuments, 2009-2012, concern for be seen as attempts, in different or advising the Department of and interest in, the care ways certainly, to understand and the Environment on planning and protection of historic make sense of that which has gone and development issues affecting monuments is not new, before. Ossian’s Grave (County historic monuments is in line with and like the monuments Antrim), the Giant’s Ring (County the remit set out for it in statute. themselves, has a long Down), the Giant’s Grave and history. the Druid’s Altar (both County To see the work of the Council Tyrone), reflect how communities only in those terms is however that did not have the benefit of to miss a wider point about why modern archaeological techniques organisations like the Historic sought to make their own Monuments Council exist in the sense of the built environment first place, and why people seek surrounding them. Moreover, appointment to them. The historic myths, legends, and superstitions monuments of Northern Ireland associated with the misfortunes have an intrinsic worth, and a that would be visited upon anyone value, beyond that which they who interfered with a “fairy fort” can offer in terms of the scientific can be seen as evidence of how opportunities that they provide for those who lived in a different the archaeologist – although this age sought to preserve that should not be under-estimated. which they regarded as sacred. There is for example the Just as the care for, and interest in educational value that visits to sites historic monuments is not new, of historical interest can provide neither is it the preserve of any for local schools and communities particular profession, community, - particularly when one considers or generation. Certainly, the the contribution that such site visits work of the current Historic can provide to those seeking to Monuments Council relies heavily develop a greater understanding on the scientific knowledge and of the history of these islands. 46 REPORT 2009 - 2012
It is worth noting that within a relatively small geographic area, the Devenish ecclesiastical site, Co. Fermanagh Photo: NIEA historic monuments of Northern Ireland includes megalithic burial chambers, Norman castles, and sites connected with the dawn of Christianity on this island, the Plantation of Ulster, the Williamite Wars, and the role of Northern Ireland in the Second World War. In other words, every significant period of history connected to these islands has left its own mark in terms of providing a rich legacy of built heritage. In this light there is the tremendous opportunity that historic monuments offer in terms of their potential as a sustainable tourism resource, not least given the often spectacular views which are accorded to those who visit many of the sites in question.
Certainly, the Historic Monuments Council sees its own role as being part of a process for ensuring that the rich legacy of built heritage within Northern Ireland is maintained, and preserved for the enjoyment and appreciation of future generations. For this reason, Council has been keen to ensure that as far as possible, the highest standards of protection that resources will allow are provided for conserving the built heritage of Northern Ireland.
Council has also been supportive of initiatives such as archaeology days, which provide an opportunity for appreciation of the value of historic monuments to be promoted to the general public.
47 REPORT 2009 - 2012
The State Care Monument As with many areas of the public details about times gone by. The Visitation Programme that sector, work programmes and monuments themselves however members of Council undertook schedules unfortunately have to may also have inspired within the sought to determine how be reconciled with budgetary visitor further thought, empathy, accessible monuments were, and constraints. It is the view of understanding, and sensitivities what measures could be put in Council however that given the about the people who lived place to ensure that appreciation educational, scientific, and tourist contemporaneously with their and enjoyment of the various value of historic monuments, building and their stories – human sites could be provided to as investment in ensuring their abilities and qualities which many visitors as possible, while conservation should be seen as must surely and consequentially protecting the monuments so a necessary investment both for benefit our own society and that they would be there to be the present, and for the future. our own social interactions. appreciated and enjoyed by future Beyond the educational, scientific, generations in a programme and tourism value of historic of sustainable development. monuments however, there is Tim Cunningham, another, less tangible, but no less Dr Suzanne Lyle, Council believes that one of valuable benefit to be considered. AnnMarie McStocker, HMC the best ways of ensuring that The Nobel Laureat Seamus historic monuments continue Heaney captured this sentiment to be enjoyed and appreciated when he talked about how ancient by future generations is through monuments were about origin,and the active participation of the beginning, and were a source and local communities within which a guarantee of something old, the monuments are located. In something that gives a country this context, Council has been its “distinctive spirit”. Joseph encouraged by the development of Joubert made a similar point community engagement in ongoing with his nineteenth century discussions about plans to ensure metaphor which stated that: that the conservation of Ardboe Cross for example, which Council “Monuments are the grappling-irons visited in 2010, is both sympathetic that bind one generation to another.” to the nature of the setting and the wishes of the local community. Such language may seem somewhat esoteric, but Active engagement by NIEA with nonetheless reflects the fact that local stakeholders who value for many people, the value and and enjoy the heritage that is importance of historic monuments within their area not only ensures lies beyond that which can be better ongoing protection for measured simply in monetary or historic monuments, but also scientific terms. Visitors to the enhances the visitor experience historic monuments of Northern for both local communities and Ireland may well leave these those coming to visit historic tangible legacies of the past with monuments from further afield. a greater awareness of facts and
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5.2 The State Care in the main report. These findings raises serious issues in terms of Monument Visitation Survey provide the first, published, baseline the likelihood of visitors being able data on the key issues considered, to physically find sites in the first 5.2.1 Introduction namely: accessibility; grounds instance. An important remit of the maintenance, and; the provision On-site Signage Council is to consider issues about of information. It should be noted specific State Care Monuments, that these relate directly to the This kind of signage normally and the general management, statutory duty on the Department contains information about conservation and presentation of the Environment to provide a specific site, and can be of these monuments. These sites public access to monuments in used by visitors to get a fuller have long been recognised as its care, and also its powers to understanding of the site’s history important historic monuments. provide facilities and information and importance. In some cases In recent years they have also for the public at these monuments. this aspect was not described, been recognised as key assets which suggests no on-site signage for Northern Ireland’s landscape, Some of the findings are clearly was observed. Only about a third society, health and well-being, disappointing, but they also of the sites (34%, 62) had on-site and economy, particularly its provide a clear starting point for information that was described as developing tourism economy. As improvement. As key heritage very good, good, or average. part of its programme of work assets for Northern Ireland, many 2009-12 the Council undertook basic aspects of these sites could Nearly a quarter (42) were a survey of the accessibility, be significantly improved. The reported as having no on-site maintenance and provision of Council hopes that this report signage. The lack of on-site signage, information and interpretation at helps the Department of the and the quality of interpretation State Care Monuments. Over 180 Environment in prioritising its provided at many of the sites is of of the 190 State Care Monuments future work activities to achieve concern. were visited during the survey in a general improvement in the 2010-11. The report published management, accessibility, grounds in 2012 therefore provides a maintenance, and provision of comprehensive, up-to-date, information and facilities for visitors evidence-based and objective at these very special sites. assessment. The survey involved Accessibility: a significant input of entirely voluntary time and effort on behalf Directional Signage of all the members of Council. The Directional signage, i.e. signs that executive summary was published lead the visitors to the sites, in paper format. A full copy of is essential in bringing more the report is available as a digital people to these sites. Directional document, and is accessible on signage to over half (56%: 102 the Historic Monuments Council individual sites) of the State Care website. Monuments was reported as being either below average, poor or not 5.2.2 Key Findings present. In fact, about a quarter This is a summary of the key (46 individual sites) appear to have State Care Monument Visitation Survey Report findings: fuller details are included no directional signage at all. This
49 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Missing directional sign to Ballykeel dolmen, Co. Armagh, Photo: NIEA the quality of litter and vegetation maintenance was described as being below average or poor. It was noted that a number of sites were overgrown. It would appear that debris from works on site is a problem at about one fifth of the sites, 21% (57). Foul litter was also recognised as a problem, but one that was being well-managed with 46% (84) of sites recognised as being very good or good in this respect.
Information Information about the sites, i.e. printed material such as leaflets, notices and site guide cards was also assessed. This overlapped with some of the features surveyed in Car Parking staffed, these gates also provide respect of accessibility. Accessibility a control on access. Not all sites to information is another way The provision of car parking have gates, as they are accessed of learning about the sites, be facilities appears to quite good that for educational purposes or at many sites, with approximately directly from a public road or simply out of general interest. 41% (75) of sites described as path. At 44% (80) of the sites gate Sometimes individual sites are having very good, good or average arrangements were described as car parking areas. It was recognised being very good, good or average physically hard to reach, and so that at some sites there were gate arrangements, with 40% (72) the availability of information either car parks nearby, or the local described as below average, poor is another way of accessing roads network allowed for drivers or not present. However, it is clear the sites. One would therefore to park safely. However, with nearly that current gate arrangements at anticipate that this should be a half (89) of the sites described as many sites may pose problems for priority in managing these sites. being below average, poor or just any visitors with limited mobility. However the site reports indicate not present, there are concerns that this is currently one of the that both accessibility to the sites, Grounds Maintenance weakest areas of performance, and road safety, are put at risk.. In general, ground maintenance and needs urgent attention. scored well in the survey, though At 45% (81) of the sites the Gate Arrangements there remains significant scope for interpretation provided was Gate arrangements will impact improvement. At over half, 56% described as being below average on visitors in a number of ways. (101) of the sites litter was being or poor in quality or there was Clearly identifiable gates provide managed well or acceptably, and no information provided. Over easy to recognise points of access vegetation was being managed well a quarter of the sites have no in visiting the sites. At rural sites, or acceptably at 52% (95 sites). information provided. Only 35% and sites that are not normally At about a quarter of the sites (63) of the sites are reported as 50 REPORT 2009 - 2012
having very good, good or average every site, but it should be possible, as ranking between 6-8 and 24% interpretation. and indeed a requirement of their (44) were give a score of 5 or less. management and presentation, Using these results one can suggest The figures for the current to provide even a basic level of that, for the most part, visitors provision of printed materials - site interpretation through the use of have a positive experience when leaflets or booklets - on site are signage and interpretive panels. they come to visit the sites, but this startling. Only nine sites - 5% of The lack of printed material could would appear to be directly related the total number of State Care also be off-set through the use of to the enjoyment people get from Monuments - had printed material new technologies, such as apps on visiting the sites - rather than the that was described as very good mobile devices, to present this kind accessibility, grounds maintenance or good. Well over half of the sites, of information. or information presented about 57% (104) have no information the sites. There are many areas that available and the statistics indicate Overall should be significantly improved. that in all likelihood this is the case at an even higher percentage of Of the State Care Monuments Top marks were given for many of sites. Of course it may not be that were given an overall ranking the sites that NIEA would consider necessary, appropriate or possible on a scale of 1-10 only 14% (25) to be ‘flagship’ properties but, to provide printed information in were given a top ranking (higher perhaps surprisingly, not all of these the form of a leaflet for example than 8), 37% (68) were described sites scored so well.
Struell Bath Houses and Wells, Co. Down, Photo: NIEA
51 REPORT 2009 - 2012
For example Devenish is being managed, though this There is clearly a concern here Ecclesiastical Site, Co. Fermanagh, contributed to it. In more than that the NIEA management Dunluce Castle, Co. Antrim, Navan one case the score awarded process appears to be focused on Fort, Co. Armagh, Inch Abbey, clearly reflected the sense of maintenance, such as grass-cutting Co. Down and The Mound of personal achievement by the and litter management and does Down, Co. Down - all major person who made the visit, their not pay as much attention as is monuments of national and even enjoyment of the journey to the required in terms of its clearly- international importance - did not site, and the views, ambience defined statutory responsibilities score as highly as might have been and archaeology they found under the Historic Monuments expected. when they arrived there. and Archaeological Objects Order (NI) 1995 to provide access Many of the top scores given It is striking that of the three or information to the public to State Care Monuments also general categories that were about State Care Monuments. reflected the experience of making surveyed (accessibility, grounds the visit and the archaeological maintenance and information), the 5.2.3 Key Recommendations and historic features of sites best overall performance was with In the report the themselves. Hence the overall regard to maintenance and the recommendations are divided into score is not necessarily a reflection least satisfactory is the provision of four categories, the first of which of the way in which the site on-site signage and interpretation. deals with the actual care of the monuments per se. The second category of recommendations relates to the Guide to the Historic Monuments of Northern Ireland in State Care, while the third category relates to what Council perceives to be the wider potential provided by the sites in terms of the overall aims and objectives of the current Programme for Government 2011-2015. The fourth category of recommendations relates to what Council has identified as the need for an ongoing and systematic assessment of the condition of monuments in State Care in Northern Ireland.Here the key recommendations across the four categories are highlighted:
››Currently management of State Care Monuments in Northern Condition of grounds maintenance at State Care Monuments (Fig. 4 in Executive Summary of the State Care Monument Survey) Ireland is implemented under a Concordat or Memorandum
52 REPORT 2009 - 2012
of Understanding between A rating of the overall quality of State Care Monument (Fig. 6 in Executive the Historic Monuments Unit, Summary of the State Care Monument Survey) Built Heritage Directorate and the Regional Operations Unit, Regional Operations Unit of NIEA and DOE Communications. It is clear from the results of the survey that many of Northern Ireland’s State Care Monuments are not being managed in accordance with statutory requirements. In the light of this Council strongly recommends that a review of the current management of State Care Monuments is necessary and is an urgent priority
››Council strongly recommends that both the hardcopy and an online edition of the Guide to Historic Monuments of Northern Ireland in State Care be used as a way of promoting the tourist potential of historic monuments. the use of billboard advertising as reflected through broader This would include featuring the for example to highlight what community awareness Guide on the NIEA website and are currently some of the distributing copies of the Guide lesser-known, but outstanding ››It is strongly recommended to tourist information centres heritage assets and tourist that the Historic Monuments and other relevant venues attractions in Northern Ireland Council should carry out a Second Visitation Survey as ››Council strongly recommends ››Council strongly recommends part of the programme of that the Minister of the that NIEA seek a mechanism work of the Council for its Environment’s Historic by which additional visitor current term, 2012-2016. Environment Strategic Forum surveys can be put in place at should consider how the State Care Monuments. Such tourist potential of State Care an exercise would enable the Monuments can be maximised, Department and NIEA to gain while at the same time ensuring valuable data on the usage of that the sites themselves are sites, public perception of the not adversely impacted by any care and maintenance of sites, increase in visitor numbers. and views as to the historic Examples of the kind of measures value and importance of sites that could be adopted would be
53 REPORT 2009 - 2012
6. Looking to the Future
6.1 Reconstitution of The period covered by this report The current membership of Council focuses on the term of Council Council is listed below (with new that ran from 2009-12. Up to members indicated by an asterisk). The Historic Monuments the time of the reconstitution Council (HMC) consists of of Council for its current term, Council Members 2009-16 a chairman and up to 15 which began on 1 February Professor Gabriel Cooney, Chair members. Appointments to 2012, the term of office of the Henry Bell the HMC are subject to the Council was three years. Lesley Black* approval of the Minister of Cormac Bourke* the Environment. The term has now been Nick Brannon* extended to five years. Hence Malachy Conway the current term of Council Tim Cunningham will run until 31 January 2016. William Darby* Kathleen Lavery* The chair and eight members Dr Suzanne Lyle who had served on Council Dr Philip MacDonald from 2009-12 were eligible for John McGillan re-appointment. In October Ann Marie McStocker 2011 six new members Stephen Russell of Council were sought Sarah Witchell* through public advertisement and interview process.
54 REPORT 2009 - 2012
Appendices
1. Scheduled Monuments 2009-12
2. Historic Monuments Council Discussion Papers
3. Presentations to Council (not including HM papers)
4. HMC Responses to Consultations
55 REPORT 2009 - 2012
1. Scheduled Monuments 2009-12
TOWNLAND SCHEDULED GRID REF DATE SMR NUMBER MONUMENT SCHEDULED
GORTEEN Barrow and cist H0803039260 11/01/2009 FER 228:022 MAGHERAHONEY Standing stone (now D0778229413 21/01/2009 ANT 013:023 fallen): St. Patrick NEW BUILDINGS Mound - probable C9657024850 21/01/2009 ANT 017:048 SOUTH; TOWN PARKS barrow (BALLYMONEY) CORKEY NORTH Standing stone D0820723467 21/01/2009 ANT 018:015 CORKEY NORTH Standing stone D0803223695 21/01/2009 ANT 018:085 BALLYVEELY UPPER Standing stone D0776324838 21/01/2009 ANT 018:088 CARRICKMORE; OLD Children’s burial H6149572814 21/01/2009 TYR 036:003 CHURCH YARD ground: ’Relig na Leanbh’ CORKEY NORTH Standing stone D0809723470 21/01/2009 ANT 018:095 CARROWREAGH Hengiform enclosure J4386174471 21/01/2009 DOW 005:086 CASTLETOWN Standing stone: J3349794293 16/03/2009 ANT 046:008 Buchanan’s stone BALLYDUGAN WW2 pillbox J0568553773 16/03/2009 DOW 019:010 BALLYDUGAN WW2 pillbox J0582054320 16/03/2009 DOW 019:011 SCARVA WW2 pillbox J0718642899 16/03/2009 DOW 033:053 DRUMMILLER WW2 pillbox J0704244494 16/03/2009 DOW 033:054 SCARVA WW2 pillbox J0645643659 16/03/2009 DOW 033:055 GLENLOUGHAN WW2 pillbox J0737244365 16/03/2009 DOW 033:056 ANNAGH WW2 pillbox J0138052410 21/04/2009 ARM 009:032 EDENDERRY WW2 pillbox J0139254577 21/04/2009 ARM 009:033 KNOCK WW2 pillbox J0425551578 21/04/2009 ARM 010:021 HACKNAHAY WW2 pillbox J0401551316 21/04/2009 ARM 010:022 BALLYDONAGHY WW2 pillbox J0438551315 21/04/2009 ARM 010:023 LOUGHANS WW2 pillbox J0531647331 18/05/2009 DOW 026:028 LOUGHANS WW2 pillbox J0524247469 18/05/2009 DOW 026:029 LISNABRAGUE Standing stone J0716940958 22/06/2009 DOW 033:030 BALLINTAGGART Standing stone J1157538831 22/06/2009 DOW 034:093 MONEYSLANE Standing stones (2) J2538039980 22/06/2009 DOW 035:035 ISLANDMOYLE Standing stone : The J2628435072 22/06/2009 DOW 042:030 Grey Stone DRUMMILLER Standing stone J0742931177 22/06/2009 DOW 046:029 CARNMEEN Standing stone J0807531142 22/06/2009 DOW 046:030 CARNMEEN Standing stone J0825930715 22/06/2009 DOW 046:044 56 REPORT 2009 - 2012
TOWNLAND SCHEDULED GRID REF DATE SMR NUMBER MONUMENT SCHEDULED
SAVAL MORE Standing stones (2) J1216731199 22/06/2009 DOW 047:006 possible megalithic tomb CROREAGH Standing stone J1217029490 22/06/2009 DOW 047:116 TERVILLIN Megalithic tomb, D1801042180 01/10/2009 ANT 005:012 possible wedge tomb CRAIGBAN Court tomb D1528136603 01/10/2009 ANT 009:038 DRUMNAKEEL Graveyard and cross- D1609940105 01/10/2009 ANT 009:011 carved standing stone DRUMACULLIN; Megalithic tomb: The D1640035060 01/10/2009 ANT 009:176 DUNCARBIT Hinton Stone KNOCKANS Standing stone, D0865134498 01/10/2009 ANT 013:013 enclosure and house platforms
CORVALLY Standing stone D1336034750 01/10/2009 ANT 014:006 BREEN Standing stone D1220434045 01/10/2009 ANT 014:007 BALLYTEERIM Enclosures (2) D2494034080 01/10/2009 ANT 015:069 CRAIGS Passage tomb: Craig’s C9739817278 01/10/2009 ANT 022:024 Dolmen SHEEPLAND BEG Windmill Stump J5764539248 01/10/2009 DOW 045:502 CASTLETOWN Eel Weir H7076856164 01/10/2009 TYR 060:049 BRIGHT Corbelled pig crew J50633771 01/10/2009 DOW 045:040 BALLYVASTON Clachan J49413614 30/11/2009 DOW 044:063 KILLY BEG Wedge tomb: Giant’s G9854753868 17/12/2009 FER 190:006 Grave KILLY BEG Megalithic tomb G9854353855 17/12/2009 FER 190:015 DOAGH GLEBE Promontory fort H0709051350 17/12/2009 FER 190:028 CLYHANNAGH Cup-marked stone H1063035643 17/12/2009 FER 228:089 GARVAGHULLION Bronze age wooden H3680476676 17/12/2009 TYR 025:038 trackway KILLY BEG Standing stones (2) G9827254241 11/01/2010 FER 190:004 : Fionn Maccool’s Finger-stone KILLY BEG Standing stones (2) G9821454231 11/01/2010 FER 190:005 SLISGARROW Standing stones (3), H0121951240 11/01/2010 FER 190:019 possible megalithic tomb AGHATIROURKE Prehistoric enclosure, H1692831965 11/01/2010 FER 244:028 possible barrows (3) 57 REPORT 2009 - 2012
TOWNLAND SCHEDULED GRID REF DATE SMR NUMBER MONUMENT SCHEDULED TONAGHMORE Windmill stump J3841856761 08/03/2010 DOW 022:501 BALLYWALTER Windmill stump J6216569188 08/03/2010 DOW 012:502 CASTLENAGREE Mound (cashel C9593041930 16/03/2010 ANT 003:004 or barrow?): Castlenagree CRAIGYWARREN Standing stone D1227107995 16/03/2010 ANT 032:058 LISNAMURRIKIN Standing stone D1590405265 16/03/2010 ANT 033:033 AUGHNAHOY Standing stone C9875202459 16/03/2010 ANT 036:026 BALLYSCULLION EAST Standing stone H9877097040 16/03/2010 ANT 036:029 STAFFORDSTOWN Fortified house and J0377086740 16/03/2010 ANT 049:070 bawn and site of battle 1641 KILHOYLE Killeen, possible cashel C7380015980 16/03/2010 LDY 017:016 and souterrain: The Rhellick STRAWMORE Standing stone, H7549594819 16/03/2010 LDY 040:005 possible remains of magalithic tomb TOWN PARKS Multiperiod church H8975090790 16/03/2010 LDY 042:016 MAGHERAFELT and graveyard (Early Christian to Modern) TOWN PARKS Glass kiln D12234110 16/03/2010 ANT 009:500 (BALLYCASTLE) SOMERSET; MOUNT Tidal ford and C8496431114 16/03/2010 MRL 021:003 SANDEL mesolithic material RATHSHERRY Prehistoric enclosure, D1456212321 16/03/2010 ANT 028:083 possible barrows (3) EDENDERRY Chimney, bleach J1209946800 16/03/2010 DOW 027:500 works & green, corn mill site, later joinery factory BRACKAVILLE; Fireclay works H8429566570 16/03/2010 TYR 047:500 ANNAGHER chimneys (4) (Coalisland)
ANNAGHER Colliery chimney H8468867137 16/03/2010 TYR 047:501 MULLAGHGLASS Rath J0552028700 16/06/2010 ARM 026:004 MULLAGHGLASS Standing stone J0558428620 16/06/2010 ARM 026:005 BALLEEVY Standing stone J1592344861 16/06/2010 DOW 034:125 MAGHERAMAYO Standing stone J2984138416 16/06/2010 DOW 042:088 GARGARRY Standing stone J2887537910 16/06/2010 DOW 042:089 58 REPORT 2009 - 2012
TOWNLAND SCHEDULED GRID REF DATE SMR NUMBER MONUMENT SCHEDULED BALLYMAGINAGHY Rath: Coen’s Fort J3033038650 16/06/2010 DOW 043:002 CLARKILL Cashel and souterrain J3400038280 16/06/2010 DOW 043:014 CLARKILL Standing stone J3408938355 16/06/2010 DOW 043:015 BALLYMAGINAGHY Standing stone J3088338206 16/06/2010 DOW 043:110 DEEHOMMED Fax mill chimney J2579640751 16/06/2010 DOW 035:500 LARGYMORE WW2 air raid shelter J2752564048 08/09/2010 ANT 068:013 ESHWARY Megalithic tomb J0270428676 20/09/2010 ARM 026:022 possible Court tomb WEST DIVISION WW2 home guard J3964488349 17/12/2010 ANT 052:158 storage buildings MAGHERAMESK; Lagan Canal - J1486562220 04/02/2011 ANT 067:501 POOBLES; southern portion LURGANSEMANUS; KILLOUGH; AGHAGALLON; BALLYCAIRN; DRUMALEET; DERRYNASEER, Aghagallon; DERRYHIRK; TISCALLEN, Aghagallon; KILMORE; AGHALEE; BALLYCANAL; DRUMBANE; BALLYNANAGHTEN; BALLYNAGHTEN BRACKAVILLE; Coalisland Canal H8595064917 04/03/2011 TYR 047:502 ANNAGHMORE; DERRYTRESK OLD FREEHOLD Mounds (2) and D3359002310 22/03/2011 ANT 040:097 Neolithic and Bronze Age pottery and flint scatters DUNDERG Fundamental bench C8315029396 24/03/2011 LDY 007:103 mark LEGMACAFFRY Fundamental bench H4398125496 24/03/2011 FER 261:081 mark SKEGONEILL Fundamental bench J3413776874 24/03/2011 ANT 061:024 mark CUSHENDALL Fundamental bench D2349227671 24/03/2011 ANT 020:064 mark MAGHERADUNBAR Burial ground, H1995046660 23/06/2011 FER 211:011 enclosure 59 REPORT 2009 - 2012
2. Historic Monuments HM465 Proposals for HM473 Scheduled Monument Council Discussion Papers Scheduling for 2009. A paper at Derrynaseer, Co. Antrim. A for the Historic Monuments paper for the Historic Monuments HM459 Proposals for Scheduling Council, 23rd October 2009 Council, 22nd June 2010. 2009-10. A paper to the Historic Monuments Council, 22 April 2009. HM466 Carved Stone HM474 Proposals for Monuments in Northern Ireland: Scheduling 2010. A paper HM460 Scheduling Policy in Quantification and Classification. A for the Historic Monuments Northern Ireland. A paper paper for the Historic Monuments Council, 26th October 2010. for the Historic Monuments Council, 23rd October 2009. Council, 22nd April 2009. HM475 Proposals for Scheduling: HM467 Management of State Weathering of Carved Stone. A HM431 Review of the Schedule Care Monuments. A paper paper for the Historic Monuments of Historic Monuments for the Historic Monuments Council 7th December 2010. 1996-2006. Discussed at Council, 23rd October 2009. the Historic Monuments HM476 Proposal for Council, 22nd April 2009. HM468 Proposals for Scheduling 2011. A paper Scheduling 2010. A paper for the Historic Monuments HM439 Scheduling Programme for the Historic Monuments Council, 25th January 2011. for Northern Ireland: Future Council, 26th January 2010. Directions. Discussed at HM477 Proposal for the Historic Monuments HM469 Proposals for Scheduling 2011 A paper Council, 22nd April 2009. Scheduling 2010. A paper for the Historic Monuments for the Historic Monuments Council, 19th April 2011. HM461 Protection of Carved Council, 20th April 2010. Stone Monuments. A paper HM478 Proposals for Scheduling: for the Historic Monuments HM470 Draft Paper on Climate April 2012 Meeting. A paper Council, 17th June 2009 Change and Archaeology. for the Historic Monuments A discussion paper for Council, 17th April 2012. HM462 Proposals for Scheduling the Historic Monuments for 2009-10. A paper for Council, 20th April 2010. HM479 Climate Change the Historic Monuments and Culutral Heritage NI – Council, 17th June 2009. HM471 Initial Paper on Towards Adaption. A paper Management of State Care for the Historic Monuments HM463 Proposal for Battlefields Monuments. A paper for Council, 17th April 2012. Survey. A discussion paper the Historic Monuments for the Historic Monuments Council, 20th April 2010. HM480 Proposal for Council, 17th June 2009. Scheduling 2012. A paper HM472 Proposals for for the Historic Monuments HM464 Ten Years of the Centre Scheduling 2010. A paper Council, 12th June 2012. for Maritime Archaeology. for the Historic Monuments A discussion paper for Council, 22nd June 2010. HM481 Scheduling Programme the Historic Monuments 2011-14. A paper for the Council, 17th June 2009. Historic Monuments Council, 11th September 2012.
60 REPORT 2009 - 2012
HM482 Proposal for Scheduling 3. Presentations to Council Thompson Dock, Titanic Quarter, 2012/13. A papere for the (not including HM papers) Belfast, December 2011 Historic Monuments Council, 11th September 2012. CAMSAR Report, August 2009 Centre for Archaeological Fieldwork, QUB: Recent HM483 Drumclay crannog. A CAAN - Countryside Access work, December 2011 paper for the Historic Monuments and Activities Network Council, 11th September 2012. Carved Stone crosses, August 2009 HM484 Discussion of Work Programmes/Strategy 2012-16. A Carved Stone Crosses Studies paper for the Historic Monuments on Donaghmore and Ardboe Council, 11th September 2012 Crosses, December 2009
HM485 HMC Programme of Proposals for protecting Work 2012-16. A paper for the Donaghmore and Ardboe Crosses Historic Monuments Council, from weathering, December 2009 Friday 26th October 2012 Built Heritage Balanced Scorecard, January 2010
Proposed Development of a Collections Resource Centre for NMNI, January 2010
Cross-Border, North-South Information Sharing, August 2010
Centre for Archaeological Fieldwork, QUB: Recent work, October 2010
Work of the Heritage Lottery Fund, October 2010
Carved Stone Monuments: Arboe and White Island, December 2010
DOE Draft Budget 2011- 5 January 2011
DOE Budget and NIEA Balanced Scorecard, April 2011
61 REPORT 2009 - 2012
4. HMC Responses Draft Belfast Integrated Strategic Draft Planning Policy to Consultations Tourism Framework - May 2010 Statement 24; Economic Considerations - May 2011 2009 A Draft Tourism Strategy for PPS 21 - Sustainable Development Northern Ireland - May 2010 Environmental Statement: A5 in the Countryside - April 2009 Western Corridor Link to Land EU Common Agricultural Frontier - September 2011 Waterways Ireland - Interim Policy after 2013 - June 2010 Environment and Heritage Environmental Governance in Criteria for Listing (Proposed Policy - April 2009 Northern Ireland - October 2011 revisions to Annex C of NIEA Enforcement Planning Policy 6) - July 2010 Enabling Legislation for National Policy - June 2009 Parks - October 2011 Marine Bill - July 2010 Port Master Plans - June 2009 NIEA Enforcement 2012 River Bann Navigation Policy - August 2010 Our Passion, Our Place Order - June 2009 NIEA Strategic Priorities DEFRA, UK Marine Policy 2012-22 - January 2012 Accessible Transport Strategy - September 2010 Draft Action Plan - July 2009 DCAL Review of NMNI Museums Policy for Northern January 2012 Learning with Museums (2 Ireland - October 2010 documents) - September 2009 Northern Ireland’s Economic Everyone’s Involved - Strategy - February 2012 UK Forestry Standard Sustainable Development Guidelines - September 2009 Strategy Implementation Draft Programme for Government Plan - November 2010 2011-15 - February 2012 Reform of the Planning System in NI - September 2009 2011 Marine Strategy Framework Draft Planning Policy Statement Directive - December 2009 16: Tourism - March 2011
Regional Development 2010 Strategy - March 2011 Permitted Development Rights (Planning Service) - January 2010 An environment strategy for Northern Ireland - May 2011 Derry Conservation Plan - March 2010 Draft Planning Policy Statement 23: Enabling Development - May 2011 DOE Draft Addendum to PPS 7 - March 2010
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