41780
PEOPLES'REPUBLIC OF CHINA Public Disclosure Authorized
BENGBU INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized
R3B - Environmental Assessment Summary October 2007 Public Disclosure Authorized
French Grant, FASEP n034 DGTPE, Ministere de I'Economie des Finances et de I'Industrie, Paris, France Public Disclosure Authorized
de Vanves-92772 Boulogne Billancourt Cedex -France- Tel 33 (0) 146 10 25 40 Room 2078, 2/F, 64 Shamian Fax ' 33 0 25 49 Street, Liwan District, Guangzhou, E-mail YFI P R China Tel/Fax: (86 20) 8121 6968
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
PEOPLE'S REPUBLC OF CHINA BENGBU MUNICIPALITY
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project R3A- Environmental Assessment Summary Report
This report has been published in collaboration with SOGREAH CHINA
Nutnero de rappo/t(*): I Rig00006 Numdro d kffaire: I A17978 Node contrat: I CIGZ 07287 Domahe technique: I BV3 1
(*) This report is part of the environmental safeguard documents, which include three separate volumes: - Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (R3A) - Environmental Assessment Summary (R3B), and - Environmental Management Plan (R3C)
BURG~AP 27, rue de Vanves 92772 BOULOGNE-BILLANCOURT Cedex, France Telephone: 33(0)1.46 10 25 40 Telecopie: 33(0)1. 46 10 25 49 e-mail: [email protected]
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ...... 6
1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES FACING THE HUAI RIVER BASIN & BENGBU MUNICIPALITY 6
1.2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON EA ...... 8 1.3 BASIS FOR EA ...... 9
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & BACKGROUND TO THE PROJECTS ...... IO
2.1 REGIONAL CONTEXT: WATER & ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIC PLANNING IN THE HUAI RIVER BASIN ...... 10 2.2 LOCAL CONTEXT: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO PLANNING...... 10 2.2.1 FLOOD MANAGEMENT WITHIN BIEIP ...... 12 2.2.2 POLLUTION CONTROL WITHIN BIEIP ...... 12
2.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 14
*Note: The cost here refers to the base cost. covering the civil works. equipments and their installation. and the related resettlement cost ...... 16
3 BASELINE SITUATION ...... 18 3.1 REGIONAL PHYSICAL SETTING ...... 18 3.1.1 HYRDOLOGY & FLOODING ...... 18 3.1.2 SURFACE WATER QUALITY ...... 18 3.1.3 GROUNDWATER QUANTITY & QUALITY ...... 19
3.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING ...... 19 3.2.1 POPULATION AND ECONOMY ...... 19 3.2.2 CULTURAL HERITAGE...... 20
4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 20 4.1 PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 20 4.1.1 STORM DRAINAGE PUMPING STATIONS ...... 20 4.1.2 URBAN DRAINAGE PROJECTS ...... 21 4.1.3 DESILTING PROJECTS ...... 4.1.4 MOHEKOU INDUSTRIAL PARK PROJECT ...... 21 4.1.5 ROAD CONSTRUCTION ...... 22
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... 22 4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD...... 22 4.2.2 OPERATION PERIOD ...... 23
4.3 MITIGATIONS MEASURES...... 25
5 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ...... 31 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
A . Zero-project analysis ...... 31 B. Alternatives of Desilting Method for Longzi Lake ...... 32
C . Alternatives of the Outfall for Mohekou WWTP ...... 34 D. Alternatives of Wastewater Treatment Process for Mohekou WWTP ...... 34
6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 35 A . Environment Supervision of Construction Activities ...... 35 B. Compliance water quality monitoring...... 36 C . Monitoring of air quality and noise ...... 37 D. Silt and sludge monitoring ...... 37 E. Budget ...... 37
7 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 38
ANNEX 1 : REFERENCES ...... 42
ANNEX 2: MAPS AND DRAWINGS ...... 44
ANNEX 3: SUMMARY OF BlElP EMP ...... 64
I Rlg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 I XDH/GDM Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AOX Adsorbable Organic Halogens BIEIP Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project BODS Biological Oxygen Demand (5 day) CEC Construction Environmental coordinator COD Chemical Oxygen Demand COD Cr COD measured through reduction with dichromate acid COD Mn COD Permanganate index CSE Construction Supervision Engineer CSEE Construction Supervision Environmental Engineer DI Design Institute DRA Design Review and Advisory (consultant BURGEAP) EAS Environmental Assessment Summary EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environment Management Plan EPB E nviron men ta I P rotection Bureau FSR Feasibility study report Leq Equivalent sound pressure level MFCP Mohekou Fine Chemical Park MU Area Unit (0.0667 ha) NCMDI North China Municipal Design Institute PCB Polych lorobipheny Is PIU Project Implementation Unit PMO Project Management Office PMU Project Management Unit PO Project Owners PPTA Project Preparation Technical Assistance PRC People's Republic of China RAP Resettlement Action Plan TN Total nitrogen TP Total phosphorus ss Suspended Solids SEPA State Environment Protection Agency STD Sexually Transmitted Diseases TA Technical assistance TSS (or TSP) Total Suspended Solids (or Total Suspended Particulates) WB World Bank WQM Water Quality Monitoring WRB Water Resources Bureau WRD Water Resources Department WTP Water treatment plant WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant WS Wastewater treatment works
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
I INTRODUCTION
This Summary Environmental Assessment describes the environmental assessment activities undertaken to support the Bengbu Integrated Environmental Improvement Project (BIEIP). The BIEIP involves four components and eight infrastructure sub-projects in the Municipality of Bengbu, a medium-sized city located in the middle reaches of the Huai River Basin in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). This document provides a summary of the findings included in the Consolidated Environmental Assessment (CEA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP), including legal and policy framework and applicable environmental standards, environmental baseline, major potential adverse impacts to the environment in the Project area, analysis of alternatives, mitigation measures, public consultation programs, and environmental management organization and budgets.
1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES FACING THE HUAI RIVER BASIN & BENGBU MUNICIPALITY
The Huai River Basin is the third largest river basin of China covering 270,000km2 within four provinces (Anhui, Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong). The population density of the basin is 611persons/km2, almost five times of the national average level. With a predominantly agricultural economy, the basin is also strategically important for the whole country from an economic perspective. It produces 1/6 of the nation’s food and 1/4 of the national cash crops with only 1/12 of the national arable land area. However, the gross industrial output value, GDP and per-capita GDP of the basin are still lower than the national levels, that is, the basin still belongs to the economically undeveloped area in China.
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Figure 1: Location of Bengbu Municipality in the Huai River Basin
Bengbu Municipality lies in the northeast of Anhui Province with four districts (Longzi Lake, Bangshan, Yuhui and Huaishang), three counties (Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe) and two development zones (High Tech Zone and Economic Development District) under its administration. It covers an area of 5952km2 (4.27% of the provincial area) with a population of 3.49million (5.36% of the provincial figure). Due to its central location, Bengbu is also one of the most important traffic hubs in East China and the biggest port city along Huai River. As an old industrial city, Bengbu is the processing /technology and commerce centre in the Northern Anhui. With the approval of the State Council, it is also one of the pilot cities in . Middle China which benefits from the same national policies as applied to the revitalization of Old Industrial Base in Northeast China. With the rapid economic development and urbanization, the current per capita GDP of Bengbu has reached 10000yuan/annum. During the “Tenth-five-year” period, Bengbu Municipality has attracted 43 million USD foreign investment and 13.5billion RMB domestic inward investment, mainly for the secondary and tertiary industries. However, due to the insufficient industrial investment and irrational industrial structure, the gross industrial output of the city is 9.65billion Yuan, ranked only the No.9 in the province behind the municipalities such as Hefei, Wuhu, Ma’anshan and Anqing.
Located in the middle and lower reaches of Huai River Basin, Bengbu suffers from frequent floods, ecosystem deterioration and water pollution in response to the the rapid economic and industrial development. The water supply system is particularly at risk from only a partial coverage of the urban sewage network and associated wastewater treatment facilities.
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Figure 2: Districts & Counties of Bengbu Municipality
In response to the deteriorating environmental conditions, Bengbu Municipal Government has placed a high priority in improving the local flood management capabilities and in the development of environmental infrastructure. In this context the Municipality of Bengbu has previously participated and benefited from the Huai River Pollution Control Project with support from the World Bank and bilateral support such as the Anhui Water Environment Improvement Project (funded by the Japanese Govt.). This new project, the BIEIP aims at building upon previous projects and involves the upgrading of flood management facilities and improving the coverage of environmental infrastructure both for its urban area and the three suburban counties.
1.2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON EA
The Project PMO, commissioned the North China Municipal Design Institute (NCMDI) to carry out the EA studies for each project component. The Overall EA and the EMP as well as the present Summary EA were developed by NCMDI with the assistance of the DRA Consultant. Similarly; the resettlement action plan report has been elaborated by Hefei Municipal Engineering Design Institute Co.Ltd, in collaboration with The BIEIP Project Management Office (PMO), under the guidance and supervision of Ms Chen Shaojun (NRCR, Hohai University) whose consulting services were contracted by BURGEAP (Design Review and Advisory Consultant). The EIAs and the Feasibility Study Report (FSR) progressed through several stages and have been revised based on inputs and suggestions provided by the DRA consultants. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
In accordance with PRC National Regulations and the World Bank Operational Policy 4.01 related to Environmental Assessment, the infrastructure components of the Project fall under the Category A project and as such, were subject to full EA.
This EA has been carried out in accordance with the State and Provincial laws, codes and criteria relating to environmental protection. It follows the Chinese EA system, whilst at the same time gives attention to the requirements of the World Bank's environmental safeguards, and more precisely those of the Operational Policy 4.01 for EA. Certain mathematical modelling studies of the flood impacts of the projects have been undertaken by the DRA Consultant in order to assess the level of improvement which may be expected from the projects included in the stormwater masterplans and particularly from the components considered under the World Bank Loan.
1.3 BASIS FOR EA
Relevant regulatory, policy and administrative requirements for environmental assessment of development projects in China, both at the state and municipal levels, were followed during the preparation and evaluation of environmental assessment, as were the Bank's ten safeguard policies. Most relevant laws and regulations applied in the EA are as follows:
P Laws of Environmental Protection of the PRC of December 26, 1989;
P Law of Air Pollution Control of the PRC of September 1,2000;
?P Law of Water Pollution Control of the PRC of May 15, 1996;
k Law of Environmental Noise Pollution Control of the PRC of March 1, 1997;
?P Management Regulations on Environmental Protection for Construction Projects of November 18,1998;
P Circulation on Strengthening EIA for Construction Projects Receiving International Financing of 1993;
P Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment;
k Scenic Sites Management Guides. Of the World Bank safeguard policies, Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP4.01), Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12) and Information Disclosure (BP 15.50) are applied in the EA. Since there are no project components that would involve forest, pest control chemicals, indigenous people, natural habitats, cultural property, international waterways, dams or construction in disputed areas as defined under the World Bank's OP7.60, safeguard policies related to these subjects are not applied in the EA. Relevant international environmental agreements in which China is a signing party have also been included where applicable as a basis for the EA. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & BACKGROUND TO THE
The BIEIP components proposed to supported by a World Bank loan are: (1) Integrated water resource management, (2) Urban environmental infrastructure improvement, (3) Suburban environmental infrastructure improvement and the technical assistance component (4) Capability development and institutional strengthening. The following sections provide a brief description of the regional and local context within which the development of these components is set, and the components themselves.
2.1 REGIONAL CONTEXT: WATER & ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIC PLANNING IN THE HUAI RIVER BASIN
In spite of the implementation of significant environmental strategic and action plans in the Huai River Basin, pollution levels have continued to increase. For example, in 2003, the COD discharged into the river was up to 1.23million tons, 30% beyond the 2000 level. The water quality compliance rate at the provincial boundary showed a gradually decreasing trend, from the 29.1% of 2000 to the 25.8% of 2001 and the 24.6% of 2002. 82 of the key controlled cross sections are classified as Class V or worse than Class V, and about 82% of the cross sections haven't reached the predefined target.
In view of the above, SEPA issued new water pollution control targets for Huai River Basin in October 2005, with the focus on the control and treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater from urban area. The targets are divided into three phases: a) By the end of 2005, the completion and operation rate of key pollution control projects should be no lower than 60%; b) By the end of 2007, 90% of the key pollution control projects should be put into operation, and the treatment rate of domestic wastewater from the municipalities in Shandong, Jiangsu Provinces, etc. should at least reach 70%; c) By the end of 2010, the water quality of the main stream of Huai River should reach the Class I11 target, and the water quality of the major tributaries of Huai River should meet the Class IV or Class V requirements.
2.2 LOCAL CONTEXT: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO PLANNING
At the local level, the Municipality of Bengbu has issued recently a number of strategic and sector plans relevant to the BIEIP.
In the Bengbu Municipal Urban Short-term Construction Plan a series of general urban infrastructure targets have been proposed. However, of more relevance to this project is the proposal to gradually move existing polluting industries from the old urban area and the suburban area into new industrial parks. In the Environmental Protection Plan a
Rlg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 I Page: 10/72 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project series of objectives for water have been defined, notably that by 2010, the water quality of the main Huai River should be compliant with the standard requirements above Class 111, and that of the tributaries should be compliant with the standard requirements above Class IV. The treatment rate of industrial wastewater should be 100% and the treatment rate of domestic wastewater should reach 73%.
Bengbu has additionally a series of sector masterplans covering the Bengbu Municipal Wastewater & Storm Drainage Master Plan and the Bengbu Municipality Eleventh- five-year Plan for Water Resource Development. Both plans emphasised the need to complete existing stormwater and drainage systems to provide improved protection against flooding and to extend the wastewater systems.
As outlined in these documents, Bengbu has adopted an integrated approach to improve the environment while accelerating its economic development through control of flooding of low lands, relocation of polluting industries to industrial estates; improvement of environmental conditions; improvement of the reliability of water resources; and creation of open space and amenities. Elements of the environmental improvement strategy include: Management of water resources to increase the reliability of drinking water resource as an alternative standby sources to the Huai River, for use during periods of seasonal water quality deterioration, and as a contingency against environmental accidents Flood control in the basin rivers through construction and strengthening of flood control structures, and storm drainage to protect built-up areas and low-lying land to support agricultural activities (within the framework of the Huai River Basin Flood Management Plan) Improved environmental management and improved river water quality through collection and treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater Environmental and ecological improvements to Longzi Lake; within the city boundary to provide a large public open space, amenities and enhance land values opportunities for high value real estate development Relocation of polluting industries from the urban core to designated industrial estates (chemical, mechanical, etc.) in neighboring satellite counties (Huaiyuan, Wuhe and Guzhen), and setting up dedicated industrial estates for low polluting industries in dedicated estates (hi-tech, glass, economic zone) in the city Development of space north of the Huai River (i.e., Huaishang District) to accommodate the city’s expansion requirements including economic activities Completion of urban environmental infrastructure in three satellite counties of Wuhe, Guzhen and Huaiyuan, an in the industrial estates to accommodate designated industries (i.e., chemical, mechanical, etc.)
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2.2.1 FLOOD MANAGEMENT WITHIN BIEIP
Much of the urban and agricultural land of Bengbu City and the Counties of Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe lie within the flood plain of the Huai River and its tributaries. The Huai River has caused severe economic losses due to flooding in the past, but this has been largely controlled by the construction of dykes on either side of the river, designed to withstand the 1 in 100-year flood. These dykes and associated gates protect large areas of land from flooding, but they also prevent the tributaries from draining to the Huai by gravity when the river level is high during the flood season.
Pumping stations are required to discharge the accumulated storm water to the Huai and where these are under dimensioned or absent, considerable economic losses can occur every three to five years due to flooding by the tributaries. The municipality is strategically important for its agriculture and food grain production and flood events can result in significant crop losses.
Within Bengbu’s urban areas under-dimensioned storm water drainage networks and pumping stations exacerbates the flood risk. In addition to property damage, floods cause considerable inconvenience to residents and the interruption of business and other economic activities, including the shut down of industries.
Improvement of storm drainage, desilting existing channels and construction of flood control structures and pumping stations are high priorities for Bengbu City and the three Counties. BIEIP will improve the control of flooding in Bengbu by investments in key large capacity flood control pumping stations at Longzi Lake, Tianhe Lake, Wuxiaojie, and Sanpu (Mohekou) and a number of smaller urban stormwater pumping stations. The BIEIP will improve stormwater runoff by the construction of new networks and the desilting and enlargement of drainage canals leading to an increased retention capacity.
2.2.2 POLLUTION CONTROL WITHIN BIEIP
The Huai River is China’s third largest river and affects the lives of one sixth of the nation’s population. Rapid economic development and a dense population has put a heavy burden on the river’s water quality despite over a decade of investments including the World Bank supported Huai River Pollution Control Project. It remains one of the most polluted rivers in China and in Bengbu it has not met the Class I11 water quality target during the last seven years. This is especially true during the dry season from January to March, when the flow rate of the river is insufficient to dilute the incoming pollution. As Bengbu’s main water supply source, concerns over the Huai’s water quality cause a crisis every year during the dry season and occasionally the city has to resort to emergency supplies from the Tianhe Lake.
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In addition to upstream pollution, local uncontrolled point and non-point pollution discharges also aggravate the pollution of the Huai and its tributaries. In July 2007 SEPA put a number of cities including Bengbu on a national blacklist for failing to control key polluters of the Huai River. Bengbu took immediate action by shutting down three polluting enterprises and detaining the senior officials of four major polluting enterprises along with some officials from the local environmental protection bureau. However, it appears that some key polluting enterprises are still immune from SEPA’s investigation . The ban was lifted in September 2007.
The long term pollution of local water bodies has left behind contaminated deposits of silt that need to be removed in order to rehabilitate the environment. Zhanggongshan Pond on the Xijiagou canal has already been desilted during 2007, and the BIEIP will desilt the southern half of Longzi Lake where the key pollutants are chromium, nickel and lead. The BIEIP will improve the water quality of the Huai River and it’s tributaries by supporting improved sewage collection systems in Bengbu city, Guzhen and Mohekou (Wuhe), and a new waste water treatment plant in Mohekou.
A key element of BM’s efforts to improve the investment climate is the program to reduce industrial pollution, started during the previous 5-year plan. Under this plan, polluting industries will be relocated from the urban core to dedicated industrial estates outside the City (in Guzhen, Huaiyuan, and Wuhe), and other industries to economic development zones and light industry zones (i.e., Hi-Tech zone, Economic Development Zone, Glass Industry Park). Industries slated for relocation are mainly state-owned enterprises (SOE), which contribute to serious environmental conditions and poor water quality of the Huai River.
BM‘s industrial pollution control program comprises: (i) continuation of relocation of industries from the urban built up area; a new list of industries to be relocated under the 11th 5-year plan is being compiled; (i) location of new industry is permitted only in dedicated industrial parks or economic development zones; (ii) approval of new industries is subject to satisfactory environmental impact assessments (EIA), among other requirements; (iii) pollution discharge standards are prescribed, and compliance is required to continue operations, with annually renewable pollution permits; (iv) chemical industries, wine making plants, dyeing and textiles, electroplating and paper making industries are subject to regular inspection and random sampling of discharge during holidays and evenings; and (v) specified industries are required to install online monitoring equipment.
The BIEIP will support Bengbu’s strategy of reducing industrial pollution by supporting the implementing of the Mohekou Industrial Zone which will serve as a model park for the municipality with water supply, stormwater drainage and wastewater collection and treatment services that will meet international best practise. The project’s support to the capacity building of the municipal and county EPBs, including the installation of new laboratories and Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project monitoring equipment, will further improve Bengbu's ability to monitor and police existing and future industrial polluters.
2.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Bengbu Integrated Environmental Improvement Project (BIEIP) proposed to be financed by the World Bank loan covers the Bengbu urban are and the three counties of Huaiyuan, Guzhen and Wuhe with the total investment approximately 1.22 billion Yuan.
The BIEIP includes four components: (1) Integrated water resource management, (2) Urban environmental infrastructure improvement, (3) Suburban environmental infrastructure improvement and the technical assistance component (4) Capability development and institutional strengthening. As presented in the introduction section, the proposed BIEIP intends to: - Improve the efficiency of infrastructure services; - Reduce the pollution discharge into the local water bodies, especially the Huai River; - Improve the integrated management of water resources;
- Improve utility performance; - Facilitate the private sector participation in infrastructure services; and - Develop regulatory and other reforms to improve the local investment climate.
The first three components consist of 8 sub-projects, as shown in the overview map and the summary table below. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 1: Summary of BIEIP sub-projects
~
cost* Estimation Component No. Name of Sub-project Project Composition (million Yuan)
Tianhe flood control Tianhe stormwater PS 47.57 1 Integrated project Water Longzi Lake flood control Longzi Lake stormwater PS 111.36 Resource I and environment Management 2 improvement project Slope improvement and desilting of Longzi Lake
Urban (south of Huai Stormwater PSs and drainage 347.42 River) environmental network (including storm water and infrastructure sewage pipes) in old city improvement Project Storm water, wastewater and road projects in Jingfa District 3 Storm water projects, wastewater projects and wastewater lift PS in High-tech Zone Storm water, wastewater and road projects in Longzi Lake District
Urban Xijiagou & Baligou Improvement of Xijiagou Canal -78.14 Environmental 4 environment Infrastructure improvement project Improvement of Baligou Canal Improvement 1 Huaishang District flood Wuxiaojie stormwater PS and related 225.70 control and urban Droiects environmental Expansion of Xiaobengbu Station infrastructure I improvement project Wangxiaogou ditch I 5 Wangxiaogou PS
Sewage main pipe from Guobei urban
Sub-Urban 6 Guzhen County Sewage pipes 71.12 Environmental integrated environment Embankment Infrastructure improvement project Improvement Desilting works Access roads to the top of dyke New culvert and gate Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Component No. Name of Sub-project Project Composition
Newly constructed and reconstructed
Huaiyuan County integrated environment improvement project
integrated environment improvement project
Wastewater treatment Storm water and wastewater pipes Road project 1Total 1212.22 *Note: The cost here re rs to the base cost, covering the civil works, equipments and their installation, and the related resettlement cost.
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2 ul K aJ m Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
3 BASELINE SITUATION
3.1 REGIONAL PHYSICAL SElTING
The majority of Bengbu Municipality is occupied by plains (86% of the whole municipality) with relatively few hills and many interlaced inland rivers, canals and lakes (water surface accounts for 8% of the total surface area). Bengbu is at the northern edge of North Subtropical Zone and in the humid region of subtropical monsoon climate. The annual average precipitation is 905.4mm
3.1.1 HYRDOLOGY & FLOODING
Anhui province as a whole suffers from frequent flooding due to the overflow of the different river courses and / or the storms during rainy season, especially flood along Huai River with high frequency (there has been 350 floods during past 540 years) and heavy associated economic losses. The most recent flood happened in June 2003 ; during the flood 3 905 000 hectares of agricultural land, 47.5 million people in the whole flood area suffered from direct economic losses valued at RMB 18.17 billion. In Bengbu Municipality itself suffered a loss of RMB 4.4 billion with the whole municipality during this flood (almost 25% of the provincial . total losses).
While much of the urban and agricultural land of Bengbu City and the Counties of Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe lie within the flood plain of the Huai River and its tributaries, flooding from the Huai itself has been largely controlled by the construction of dykes on either side of the river, designed to withstand the 1 in 100-year flood. However, these dykes and associated gates protect large areas of land from flooding, but they also prevent the tributaries from draining to the Huai by gravity when the river level is high during the flood season. In the absence of suitable facilities, internal flooding of these areas is now frequent.
3.1.2 SURFACE WATER QUALITY
The Huai River is one of the most polluted rivers in China; despite considerable government efforts (including assistance from the World Bank on the Huai River Pollution Control Project), it has proven to be one of the most difficult to clean up. According to historical monitoring data, the water quality of Huai River for Bengbu section does not meet the Class I11 water quality target during the last seven years. This is especially the case during the dry season from January to March when the flow rate of Huai River is low and insufficient to dilute the incoming pollution. However, the situation seemed to be improved in 2006.
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The Guo River and the Hui River comply with the Class IV requirements, while the Huaihongxin Rive complies with the Class 111. The proposed water supply source for the WTP planned for Wuhe Mohekou Fine Chemical Park (MFCP) in the BIEIP, the Xiangjian Lake, is right on the middle of the Huaihongxin River. The major problem for the lakes (Tianhe lake and Longzi lake) lies in the high nutrient salt content and the eutrophication of the water body. The water quality indicators of Longzi Lake, CODcr, BOD5, TP and TN are all non-compliant with the Class I11 requirements which makes the water quality of the Longzi Lake around Class IV-V for recently years. The pollution of the Longzi Lake mainly comes from the domestic pollution by surrounding residents and the agricultural non-point pollution. Tianhe Lake can basically satisfy the requirements for Class 111.
The concentrations of major pollutants at the outlet of Xijiagou Canal to the Huai River in 2006 are far beyond the Class V. Among others, the COD and NH3-N were the key pollutants. Clearly, the water of Xijiagou Canal has been badly polluted and requires urgent improvement.
Some ponds in Huaiyuan County are also involved in the BIEIP for de-silting. The concentrations of NH3-N, TP, TN and fecal coliform in Zhanggongshan Pond for example are all greatly beyond the Class V standard.
3.1.3 GROUNDWATER QUANTITY & QUALITY
The groundwater resource of Bengbu Municipality mainly exists in the area to the north of the Huai River within the fine sand or middle fine sand layers whose buried depth is more than 20m. The groundwater resources are deficient in the area south of Huai River, where the groundwater is mainly stored in the apertures of weathered bedrock and tectonic cracks. Since the shallow groundwater is directly recharged by the rainfall and seasonally the local surface water, the groundwater quality is badly polluted by human activities in Xiaobengbu, Wuxiaojie and the area north of Changhuai Town, especially near the pollution discharging and receiving water bodies (canals, ponds, ditches and pools). Monitoring studies undertaken by the municipal EPB for the whole municipality has shown that the groundwater quality is around Class IV from 2000 to 2005.
3.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SElTING
3.2.1 POPULATION AND ECONOMY
Bengbu has four districts (Longzi Lake, Bangshan, Yuhui and Huaishang), three counties (Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe) and two development zones (Gaoxin District and Jingfa District) under its administration, as shown in the figure 2. By the end of 2005, the total population of Bengbu municipality was almost 3.5million with the growth rate of 6.55 %or including 920,800 (26.4%) non-agricultural population. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Bengbu Municipality is the key industrial city as well as the commercial centre and the transportation hub in the North of Anhui province. With the construction and development for many years, the economy of Bengbu has remarkably improved. At present, an industrial system includes such trades as machine, textile, light industry, chemistry, medical, electronics, construction material etc has been formed with processing as its leading industries. The high-tech zone and industrial parks at all levels have been developed to offer a favourable investment and business environment. Meanwhile a large number of major companies and important products have developed in the municipality, for example, Anhui Fengyuan Group, Bayi Chemistry Group, Huaguang Glass Group, Bengbu Tobacco Company; these are considered as key companies at the state level with the Bengbu the leading municipality in chemical products such citric acid in Asia.
3.2.2 CULTURAL HERITAGE
As early as the New Stone Age, Bengbu was already a significant centre for human activities. There are many cultural relics including ancient relics, graves, architectures, sculptures as well as modern classical architectures and monuments. The currently discovered provincial- level cultural relics in Bengbu include the Tanghe Grave of Ming Dynasty in Longzi Lake District, Shuangdun Relics of the New Stone Age in Huaishang District, Songjiaweizi Relics for the river-crossing revolutionary war in the Yanshan village of Bengshan District, Yuwang Palace of the Tang-Qing Dynasty and Chang-family Grave of Ming dynasty in Huaiyuan County; Old Church of Qing dynasty in Huaiyuan County; Gaixia Relics and Guyang City Relics of Han Dynastry in Guzhen County, and Mohekou Toll-gate of Qing dynasty and Huamingtang Yang Grave of Ming Dynasty in Wuhe County.
However, all the above cultural relics are not within the project areas of the proposed BIEIP; they will not be affected by the project construction nor operation.
4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 PROJECT BENEFITS
4.1.1 STORM DRAINAGE PUMPING STATIONS
The construction of storm drainage pumping stations will effectively upgrade the flood management standard of their service area to prevent frequent floods, guarantee the safety of people’s lives and properties, and promote the industrial and agricultural development of the project areas. Modelling studies undertaken by the DRA Consultant effectively demonstrate that the flooding risk in many areas will be reduced from the current high risk to a much lower risk; for example flooding is very frequent in areas such as the Sanpu area Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project adjacent to the Mohekou Industrial Park. In this latter context, the proposed Sanpu pumping station in conjunction with facilities such as detention storage within the industrial park itself will provide a protection in the order of 1:50 years to the town of Mohekou and the new industrial zone.
4.1.2 URBAN DRAINAGE PROJECTS
The completion of the urban (south of the Huai River) drainage project under BIEIP could increase almost 50,000m3/d wastewater for the No.1 WWTP, which could bring the loading rate of the WWTP from the current 68% up to about 93%, so as to significantly reduce the total pollutant discharge into the Huai River. By calculation, the actual reduction of pollutants due to the increase of collected wastewater is projected as follows: CODcr 3650t/y. and NH3- N 730t/y, which also shows the significant environmental benefits of the urban sewage network improvement project.
Also the wastewater and storm drainage network improvement in Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe will provide the support to the normal operation of local WWTPs, improve the water quality of local rivers by wastewater interception, such as the Sanba River in Guzhen County, and also improve the local flood control capacity.
4.1.3 DESILTING PROJECTS
The desilting of the lake, rivers, canals and storm drainage ditches will improve flood management and drainage capacity, surface water quality, ecological environment and local landscape.
As an typical example, the desilting of the Longzi lake will a) increase the storage capacity of the lake by 1.15million m3, b) eliminate the non-point pollution by the contaminated sediment of Longzi Lake, improve the water quality and the self-purification capacity of the lake, c) improve the aquatic environment and promote the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms by removing the toxic and hazardous substances originally existing in the sediment. The desilting of Longzi Lake, together with the bank greening, the ecological environment around the project site will be improved significantly. Moreover, for the east and west banks of Longzi Lake, the landscape with the lakeside characteristics will provide a relaxing site for Bengbu citizens and upgrade the overall image of the city.
4.1.4 MOHEKOU INDUSTRIAL PARK PROJECT
As a provincial development zone approved by Anhui provincial government, the development goal of the Mohekou Industrial Park is to be gradually built into a major industrial base of fine chemicals and a modern industry park in Anhui. As part of the project, the other chemical plants of Bengbu, currently in the middle of the city, are planned to be transferred
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The investment of Mohekou WWPwill provide the daily treatment capacity of 30,000m3/d, serving the all industries in the park and also the Mohekou township. By calculations, the installation of the WWTP will significantly reduce the discharge quantity, and thus the COD discharge load into the river by 50% and the ammonia by 66.7%.
4.1.5 ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Road and bridge construction in this project will mainly aim at interconnecting the different district and area under development such as the EDD, the Huaishang district, Mohekou Industrial Park, Huaiyuan County and Guzhen County. The new roads will improve the infrastructure in the project area to facilitate the local transportation, beautify the urban landscape, upgrade the overall image of urban district and promote business investments and the development of the Park.
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD
The construction period of this project is quite long and there are many residential areas in the vicinity. Even though the project will not bring major environmental impacts, their effects will be continuous through the whole project implementation. The construction period will increase the production of wastewater due to civil works, dredging activities, concrete curing and scouring sludge/silt storage. No toxic and hazardous substance load is expected to be generated but the discharge into the water environment will increasethe suspension matter. In the construction process, the main atmospheric source of pollution produced is diffuse discharges of dust (TSP) from soil excavation, transport and storage; exhausted gas (S02, CO and NO2 emissions) from machines and truck traffic; and odor from the sludge dumping site. Noise will significantly increase around the project working sites due to the activities of the civil work, dredging, building and road construction, etc. machines. When in operation, noise of lm annoyance to these mechanical devices curve acoustic source in 75-105 db(A). The highest Annoyance value is from the drop hammer, its lm annoyance value is approximately 95-105 db(A). Solid waste generated will consist mainly of excavated soil and stones, stones and ashes from buildings construction and sludge from canals and ditches dredging. Apparently, the sediment
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4.2.2 OPERAnON PERIOD
After the completion of urban drainage projects, if without the newly construction of sewage treatment plants for matching, with the increase of the sewage amount and the concentrated pollution discharge outlets, the pollution discharged into the Huai River may be much higher than the total amount of discharge sewage in 2005 and cause the adverse impact to the Huai River.
It is evident that the construction projects of urban drainage system must be interconnected with the sewage treatment projects, so as to play the role in control the pollution and have the real environmental benefits. According to the drainage planning of Bengbu City, after the completion of this project, the recent sewage closure projects of Bengbu City in 2010 will be basically completed then, the sewage will be concentrated treated by Xijiagou sewage treatment plant, Yangtaizi sewage treatment plant and Hebei sewage treatment plant. The simulation performed indicates that once the sewage treatment plants can effectively play its sewage treatment capacity to ensure the tail water of the sewage treatment plant discharge up to the standard (Class IA standard), then it will have little environmental impact to the downstream of Bengbu section of the Huai River.
After the completion of the WWP of the Mohekou Industrial Park, the industrial wastewater and the domestic sewage of the town will not be discharged into Sanpu big ditch directly any more. After the treatment, the sewage should achieve Class 1 A standard, and then is discharged into the bypass channel of the Mochong River which flows southward to the Huai River. Side effects are limited impact to the surrounding ecological environment at the pollution discharge outlet and on the local terrestrial ecological environment.
Despite the sludge has been pretreated within the factories at varying degree, the sludge still have some harmful pollutants. After treatment, the components of its residual sludge will have higher content of the heavy metals, which is far beyond the standard of agricultural sludge; therefore, this environmental evaluation recommends not to use the sludge as the farmland fertilizer, but to conduct the safe landfill disposal. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
As the MFCP is located in a flooding area and subject to strong stormwater, there is a significant issue related to the storm water run-off from the park. The flooding of the industrial park can potentially damage the facilities and the storage capacities leading to chemicals leaks reaching the environment. It is necessary to provide a flood protection corresponding to a 1 of 50 years flood and create containment facilities to collect the first flush storm flows an polluted accidental spills.
The desilting projects are one of the important measures to manage the internal pollution of the surface water. However, the sediment desilting is a massive man-made interference; the desilting works will promote the emissions of nutrient salts, heavy metals and other pollutants, so as to have some negative impacts to the environmental quality of the water body.
Potential impacts from the desilting projects mainly come from the release of N, P and heavy metal pollutants from the sediment particles in the wastewater including leachates from the stock piles. From the prediction performed, the impact in TP and TN will be limited to 450m away from the project wastewater outlet (800m in abnormal conditions). The domestic relating research results show that, after one year of the desilting, the water quality is higher than before the desilting which should improve and upclass the water quality of the surface water bodies. After the completion of the desilting works, the water transparency will be improved markedly, the underwater light intensity will increase, which will be beneficial to the growth of the submerged plants and recover the quantity and the diversity of the submerged plants.
At the Longzi Lake, desilting sludge will be placed at stack fields on the south shore, after the sludge dry, it will be used for the construction of the coastal vegetation. For the others desilting projects, sludge will be placed along the side of the canals or ditches to dry and then potentially disposed of on farmland, forest land and as backfilling material. As the sludge composition complies with the Soil Environmental Quality and Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludges from Agricultural Use, no major significant effect is foreseen except leakages into the soil, odors and dust. It is to be noted that residual heavy metals are present in the sediments. The surface sludge of Xijiagou which is doped with the domestic garbage and construction wastes is not suitable for storage or reuse and shall be sent to the Sanitary landfill.
The impact of the construction of the Longzi Lake slope protection project to the ecological environment is shown in the generated soil erosion. Slope dressing is bound to break the existing coastal landforms and disturb the formed coastal ecological environment.
The pumping station projects operation will be generated additional noise. From the prediction results, the operation of the pump stations could potential cause the adverse impact to the surrounding environment mostly under the most adverse circumstance of five pumps running at the Same time. Moreover, the pump stations will only be used during the flood drainage, so its impact to the surrounding sound environment is short-term.
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New noise sources also include the water treatment plants operation and the additional road traffic which will also increase the amount of gas emissions.
4.3 MITIGATIONS MEASURES
According to the environmental impact assessment documents and the project characteristics, based on the analysis of the project’s pollution emission stages in the construction period and in the operation period, the environmental impact mitigation measures are proposed in view of the different type of pollutants, at the different stages and the different places respectively. See the following table for details. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 2: Summary of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Environmental Mitigation Stage Note Factor measures Carries on sufficient investigations Based on the and discussions to the project overall plan Before Land Ecological construction scale, reduce the and the flood sonst ruction occupation amount of land occupation and prevention relocations as much as oossible plan LBuild temporary draining ditch around the construction site and the sedimentation pond in its low place. The construction wastewater and the site pond are discharged after meeting the standards after precipitation. ?The sludge wastewater on the construction site needs to be moved to the special site using specific tunnels to be dried as it is forbidden to discharge it on agricultural field or the nearby water body. :-The constructors use the existed living facility near the construction Sewage at the site as much as possible. The Construction temporary quarters sanitary Construction site, sewages are sent to the municipal Water period Construction sewage treatment plant for working effective processing after septic wastewater tank storage, using special dirt collection vehicles. For those quarters in the city the sanitary sewage is connected to the municipal administration sewage pipe network for processing by the sewage treatment plant after septic tank processing. 1Enhance the management of raw material and construction site, reduces the temporary occupied land. ?To avoid influence on the groundwater quality, spread clay as a base layer to limit infiltration at the bottom of putty sludge dump site. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Environmental Mitigation Stage Note Factor measures Specifically spray water at least twice a day (coming and leaving) at the powdery material stack area and sweeps every day Monitoring is Materials should lay under carried out by the roof as far as possible. the Outdoor depositing should be construction Flying dust covered. Powder materials organization should be transport in tanks and the and stored far away from the station of residential area. Environment If there is sensitive monitoring environment within 1OOm from working location, a Air construction fence should be built around it 0 The bottom putty should be sent using sealed tankers after preliminary drying. 0 The dump site for bottom putty Odor should be built away from environment sensitive receptors such as schools, residential area (>50m). ~~ ~ Usethe qualified fuel oils and enhance maintenance of Waste gas of mechanical device and vehicles. fuel oil arrange a reasonable route for trucks, guarantee the driving SDeed and reduce the idlina time Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Environmental Mitigation Stage Note Factor measures Dhepolluted surface scouring silt is sent to the sanitary filling field for filling. shemiddle and lower scouring silt can be used as the filling soil in farmlands, the forest lands and the scenic areas. aefore using, the soil quality and Construction the soil texture of the putty should material and be monitored. Then it is classified excavated soil and treated according to the monitor results. Solid waste :The construction waste material should be disposed of promptly. Clean the working location when the construction ends. Pile along the river or in the agricultural field or farmland is forbidden. placemobile restrooms at the construction worksite, wash and clean them regularly. Domestic @lace temporary trash stack waste spots at the construction site. The domestic trash should be stored together and shipped promptly. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Environmental Mitigation Stage Note Type Factor measures Deduces the construction noise 3s far as possible, the first choice s to use low noise construction nachines and the equipments. loing noise check before 2quipments approach. Maintain Environmental 2quipments regularly. monitoring place the working location Jyork will be *easonably. Separate noisy and executed by quiet sites. Avoid very noisy the 2quipments work simultaneously. :onstruction Noise Noise 3uild construction fence/encircle. organization make scientific construction and the Dlan, control the work time strictly. Stop working from 22:OO to 6:OO if environmental there is sensitive receptor within monitoring 100 m from working site. station :When commercial concrete is together. used in a centered region of environmental sensitive as well as in urban areas, use prefabricated concrete components before they are sent to the working site. sontrol the working area. Destruction of vegetations outside Vegetation, the construction site is prohibited. agricultural Wfforestation or reclamation crops promptly after the construction works end ~ ovoid rainy season as far as possible and reduce the Ecological excavation work. environment mhoose smooth location for temporary stack field and restore vegetation as soon as possible Soil erosion after using. mile reasonably the excavated soils far away from water bodies ditch pond, river course and set the drain and the bulkhead in the dump site
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Invironmental Mitigation Stage Note Factor measures Btrengthen the construction of the draining water branch of the dam area. Collect sanitary sewage along the project region and direct it to the main current line. supervise standard construction Ordinary of pollution outlets in the aquatic enterprises. The enterprise quality discharging separately to the monitoring is Operation Water Surface water surface water body is forbidden to executed by period keep good operation of the the sewage treatment plant. environmental @Rubbish dumping to both sides monitoring of the open and underground station. canals is prohibited. 1It is suggested that the run-off storm water should be collected and then directed to the buffer basin before monitoring and discharge. 0 Establishment of a health protection distance from the sewage factory, and enhance afforestation around the industrial park, set up the afforested isolation belt. 0 Manage strictly the sludge Odor stack, the transportation and the Air handling process in the sewage plant. Do sealed transportation to avoid sprinkling along the road. @Prevent risks and accidents and establish reacting system for the accident emergency. 0 Enhance the motor vehicle Ve h ic Ie management, and road exhausted gas maintenance Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Environmental Mitigation Stage Type Note Factor measures Choose equipments with low noise and enhance their maintenance. Construct afforestation isolation belt in the factory area, increase noise insulation effect, adopt the noise insulation sealing Ordinary treatment for the main pump noise room and the equipment monitoring is room. executed by Noise Noise Carry on the track monitor of the the nearby sensitive area in environmental order to take the prompt monitoring preventing and controlling station. measures. Within 100 meters from the sides of the road, no permission for new building or sensitive activities such as school, hospital or residential area. 0 The environmental sanitation Domestic department is in charge of waste cleaning up and taking away every day. 0 The sludge shipment should Solid waste use airtight vehicles and the sludge transportation time Sludge should be cohtrolled strictly, avoiding the transportation at busy time as far as possible.
5 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS
A. Zero-project analysis
Zero-project analysis has clearly shown the necessities and significance of the eight sub- projects under BIEIP, which will bring an overall social, economical and environmental positive impacts both on the Bengbu city and the whole river basin. Most of these advantages
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B. Alternatives of Desilting Method for Longzi Lake
Two kinds desilting equipments: hydraulic dredging machine and cutter-suction dredger, have been compared for the Longzi Lake desilting component, as presented in the table below.
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Table 3: Alternative Analysis for Desilting Methods
Item Hydraulic dredging machine Cutter-suction dredger Widely applicable to various water bodies Applicable Shallow rivers and lakes with low flow and different working conditions, but there is conditions specific requirement for draft Electricity consumption of slurry pumps and Energy Electricity consumption of slurry pumps high pressure squirt gun, and large amounts consumption and high pressure squirt gun of fuel consumption of cutter-suction dredger Low efficiency, high construction Working High working efficiency, fewer workers intensity and labour intensity, and long efficiency required, and shorter working period construction period ______~ The pond should be dried for To remove the foreign matters from the Preparatory implementation, and flow guide is water body to prevent the damage to work required before implementation. mechanical equipments. Long discharge distance with flexible Discharge Short discharge distance choices
The precision IS not as good as hydraulic dredging machine with the permissible over- depth of 0.3m and thus larger project Artificially controlled, high excavation quantities; precision without restriction of lake- Precision Restricted by the ambient environment; bottom topography, geology and dredging work could not be done near high- ambient environment voltage tower frame and rock, stone dam and optical fiber cable on lake bottom; the shallow parts close to the bank could not be dredged. - Sole electricity consumption, less pollution - Flow guide by surrounding weir - Generation of waste fuel gas before implementation without the Agitation of bottom silt and generation of dramatic increase of suspended - Environmental secondary pollution solid in the water impacts - Large project quantities, and the residual - Small project quantities and the water will not be reused, but discharged residual water from de-silting could in large quantities be reused for high pressure squirt gun, little discharge of residual
- Less impact on plankton and fish - More impacts on water quality, the living due to less impact on water quality environment of aquatic organism could be changed, which will impact - Less damage to planktons and their photosynthesis of aquatic organism. living environment by artificial de- Ecological silting - The benthonic animals and their habitat impacts are completely destroyed, the fauna, - The dredging quantity and thus land species, quantity, species structure and occupation for dump sites could be ecological niche of animals on the lake reduced due to high excavation bottom within the project area will be precision. greatly impacted
Since the thickness of polluted layer in this project is around 0.3m, and the permissible over depth of cutter-suction dredger is already 0.3m, and the shallower part near the bank could not be dredged by cutter-suction dredger, by comprehensively analyzing the implementation Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project precision, the environmental impacts and the disposal of dredged sludge, it is considered that the hydraulic dredging machine is more suitable for the project.
C. Alternatives of the Outfall for Mohekou WWTP
The proposed WWTP for the Mohekou Industrial Park is located to the northeast of Bengnning Highway, north of the Mochongyin River. Its treated effluent is planned to be discharged into the Huai River. Three options have been respectively proposed by the national FSR consultants and the NCMDI for the effluent discharge as presented below:
- Option A: Construct a sewage lifting PS in the WWTP site, and discharge the effluent into the Huai River with a pressurized pipe over the Huai River dyke;
- Option B: Discharge the effluent into the Mochongyin River and then into the Huai River by gravity through the Sanpu Gate;
- Option C (by NCMDI): Directly discharge the effluent into the water diversion ditch of the Sanpu Lake Storm Drainage PS through the pipe.
For Option A, on principle no new pollution discharge outfall along the Huai River is allowed except the written approval of both the water resource department and the environmental protection department is obtained; for Option B, the effluent could not be used for irrigation in terms of its quality even it is treated up to the Class IA standard. In addition, there is high risk of pollution to the ambient soil, groundwater and crops for such industrial wastewater; in contrast, the Option C is environmentally the best solution, which is recommended by the EA.
D. Alternatives of Wastewater Treatment Process for Mohekou WWTP
Mohekou industrial park is comparable to some extent with another 2 chemical industrial parks in Shanghai and Nanking. Therefore, considering the industrial characteristics of the wastewater to be generated in the park and the lack of information on the industries included in the Mohekou Industrial Park, it is very important to decide on the influent quality for the proposed Mohekou WWTP by analogy. The WWTPs for chemical industrial parks are different from those normal municipal sewage treatment facilities. Due to the high percentage of industrial wastewater, its organic content in the wastewater is generally lower than that of the urban sewage. Defining the influent quality from a conservative point of view based on the upper limits of the investigation is very important to ensure the up-to-standard reliability during the operation of the WWTP. By analogy analysis, it is concluded by the EA that the influent quality proposed in the FSR seems too low, and further justification is required in the follow-up design.
Also, it is concluded by the EA that the effluent quality could not meet the Class 1A Standard of the “Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
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(GB18918-2002)" by only adopting the process of A2/0 microporous aeration oxidation ditch; therefore, the process should be further justified in the follow-up design
6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
In order to ensure the strict and efficient implementation of the mitigation measures proposed, including the respect of environmental obligations during the construction stage, a program of monitoring activities will be required, which includes mainly two types of monitoring:
- Environment supervision = the general environmental monitoring of construction sites and activities;
- Compliance monitoring = the specific monitoring of water quality, sludge quality, air quality and noise, etc.
The details of the proposed EMP are summarized in Annex 3. The monitoring of land acquisition and resettlement is considered in RAP reports and will not be detailed in the present document.
A. Environment Supervision of Construction Activities
The construction contract should includes provisions to ensure i) the Contractor clearly understands environmental mitigation measures and its environmental obligations, ii) the mitigation measures are specific enough for the contractor to make reasonable estimates of actual costs in his or her tender documentation, iii) the project management has the legal and financial power to enforce the application of mitigation measures through the Contractor. Then it is of utmost importance that the Project management monitors and evaluate the Contractor's real-time performance in this regard. The environmental monitoring of construction activities is at the centre of the effective implementation of the EMP: The objective is to carry out a regular and comprehensive review of the actual implementation status of the environmental obligations of the Contractor. This monitoring aims at ensuring compliance of Contractor activities with its contractual commitments as well as with the environmental regulations and standards prevailing in PRC.
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Figure 4: Organisation of EMP Implementation
B. Compliance water quality monitoring
Objectives of water quality monitoring are:
- To ensure a strict control of pollution from construction activities and to check the efficiency of water quality protection measures set up by the civil work contractor;
- To ensure that construction activities do not significantly alter the river water quality;
Water quality monitoring during construction and operation periods will be the local monitoring station of the Bengbu city. The selection of precise sites upstream and downstream construction sites will provide the basis for a routine monitoring of the related reaches of river.
During construction period, the most frequently observed pollution types from construction works are mainly suspended solids due to earthworks, acidification due to concrete related activities, and hydrocarbons from engine leakage and maintenance. Potential pollution from worker’s camps is mainly of bacteriological nature and related to sanitation issues. The parameters to be followed must be the best indicators of activities anticipated in the sites, which may clearly establish the presence, or not, of a nuisance directly induced by the activities.
During operation period, the parameters to be followed must be the best indicators of activities performed at the sites, which may clearly establish the presence or not of a nuisance directly induced by the activities. For the road project, the most common pollution will be hydrocarbons/oiI and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) associated with the passage of vehicle at proximity of river course. For river bank project, the parameters to be analysed will include TSS and hydrocarbons.
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C. Monitoring of air quality and noise
Monitoring of air quality and noise will be maintained throughout construction and operation stages of the project. Purpose of monitoring is to ensure that air pollution, dust, noise and dust standards are respected on the construction sites and that these nuisances are kept at the minimum acceptable level for the surrounding residents. Monitoring will concentrate on key emissions related to construction activities: Dust from earthworks (measured as Total Suspended Particulates-PMlO), fumes from machinery (NOx) and odor from silt dragging (NH3 and H2S). Monitoring will be performed on a random basis, four times per year (3 times per day) by local monitoring units on CSEE's request, without informing the contractors.
During construction, noise will be monitored every day by the CSEE at the most sensitive areas surrounding the construction site. This monitoring will be at the charge of the contractor who will have to include in the bidding document the price of a noise meter (Approximately 1,000 RMB) and will have to ensure that the CSEE is properly trained to use the meter. During construction period, noise will be monitored by local monitoring units on EMCs' request, on a base of four times a year. Noise levels will be monitored over 24 hours duration inside the construction sites and around, following national standard GB16297 for measurement methods.
D. Silt and sludge monitoring
The quality of dragged silts from the desilting activities and of the sludge from WWTPs and WTP will be monitored as follows: - Heavy metals: Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, As, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Oil: frequency to be adapted to the disilting activities; and twice a year, for sludge that is landfilled;
- PCB and AOX: twice a year.
E. Budget
The overall estimated budget for the EMP implementation is presented in the following table:
Table 4: Table of expense and Fund origin of the environment management plan I I Total expenses of I Expense of Overall environment environment expenses of Content of sub- management plan management plan projet in the construction in the 3 years' of management period I operation period City drainage I 31 5,000 yuan I 153,000 yuan
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Totalexpenses of Expense of Overall environment environment expenses of Content of sub- management plan management plan environment Fund origin projet in the construction in the 3 years’ of management period operation period plan prevention Project management Fee Project of Flood prevention and Project biological 41 0,000 yuan 150,000 yuan 560,000 yuan management environment Fee treatment in the Guzhen County Project of Flood 21 1,000 yuan 138,000 yuan 349,000 yuan prevention and Project environment management treatment in the Fee Huaiyuan County Project of Flood 247,000 yuan 144,000 yuan 391,000 yuan prevention and Project biological Management environment Fee treatment in the Huaishang District Longzi Lake Project 304,000 yuan 138,000 yuan 442,000 yuan Project management Fee Mohekou Project 240,000 yuan 246,000 yuan 486,000 yuan Project management Fee Tianhe pumping 140,000 yuan 24,000 yuan 164,000 yuan Project station management
Xijiagou Project 338,000 yuan Project management
Total 2,205,000 yuan 993,000 yuan 3,198,000 yuan
7 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION
DISCLOSURE
In accordance with the World Bank requirements, the information disclosure and two rounds of public consultation were conducted during the course of the environmental impact assessment, as detailed in the Table 5. Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Information was disclosed through announcements published in the local prime newspaper about the major information relative to the project, timing and location of public meeting, telephone hotline to access to documents and draft TOR, and where to comment. The first round was carried out in all the project areas in January 2007, and the second round in July 2005. The primary objective of the first round was to gather information on public concerns about the project, while that for the second round was to communicate the EIA findings and proposed mitigation measures and confirm public acceptance and satisfaction. Both rounds of public consultation focused on the project-affected people and beneficiaries of different age groups, genders, educational backgrounds and occupations as well as other stakeholders. In addition, there have been many rounds of consultation with government agencies, local governments, non-government organizations and other stakeholders of the project to discuss Project locations, scope, environmental and socio-economic concerns and environmental management and mitigation plans. The consultation exercise covered three forms: bulletins in the press, public opinion questionnaires and surveys of the public. Throughout the process of public consultation, a telephone hotline has been set up and maintained in the municipal PMO to address the EA- related issues of concern for the stakeholders. The results can be summarized as follows: In the first round of consultation 240 questionnaires were distributed over the Bengbu urban area and the three suburban counties, and 220 have been collected. The results show the 10Oo/o support of the public to the proposed BIEIP. The public is highly concerned about incomplete urban drainage system the flooding problem and the local water quality. After screening, the major public concerns were related to i) compensation for land acquisition, both permanant and temporary, and resettlement, ii) transportation inconvenience; and 3) air pollution and noise of during construction. The second round of consultation included the distribution of questionnaires and the public meetings in each of the suburban counties which involved 69 participants, and the expert consultation. Discussions focussed on impacts and mitigation during construction activities (noise, vibrations, road access, dust,) and on measures to control nuisances during WWTP. Issues on land acquisition, compensation and resettlement were discussed during the public meetings organized under the RAP preparation.
Table 5: Summary of public participation and information publicity work
Type of With Specific Method By Whom When Where Consultation Whom Huaishang District Bulletin Board System Information Bulletin at the Government and the I 2007.1.26 of Huaishang District Disclosure Construction Sites NCMDI Government Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Type of With Specific Method By Whom When Where Consultation Whom Wuhe County World Administration Bank Project Leading Committee of 2007.1.30 Group Office and the Mohekou Industrial NCMDI Park Bulletin Board for Guzhen County World Governmental Affairs Bank Project Office 2007.1.27 of Guzhen County and the NCMDI Government Huaiyuan County Bulletin Board of World Bank Project I 2007.1.26 Huaiyuan County Office and the NCMDI Government Yuhui District Bulletin Board of Government and the I 2007.1.28 Changqing Township, NCMDI Qinji Town Online project Municipal PMO and Website of Bengbu information I 2007.3.30 the NCMDI Municipal Government disclosure
Publication of Municipal PMO and nformation in the I 2007.4.4 Bengbu Daily the NCMDI newspaper
Notice of information Municipal PMO &the I 2007.8.10 Bengbu Daily disclosure in the NCMDI newspaper
Disclosure of the Municipal PMO & the Municipal Library and Ill-text versions c governments of the I 2007.8.10 the libraries of the three the EA reports three counties counties
1*I Round of iterview, and thc Project- Old urban area, Longzi Municipal PMO &the 2007.1.25- Public release & affected Lake District, HTZ and NCMDI 1.30 Consultation collection of people EDD questionnaire Yuhui District Project- 2007.1.28- Changqing Township, Government and the affected 1.30 Qinji Town NCMDI people Xiaobengbu Village, Shuangdun Village, Project Office of the Project- 2007.1.26- Wu'an Village, Jintai district government affected 1.30 Village and Chentai and the NCMDl people Village in Huaishang District County Project Impacted villages near Office, Administration Project- Mohekou Industrial Committee of affected 2007.1.30 Park and Sanpu Mohekou Industrial people Village Park and the NCMDI
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Type of With Specific Method By Whom When Where Consultation Whom I Chengguan Town of Guzhen County World Project- 2007.1.28- Guzhen County and Bank Project Office affected 1.30 the nearby suburban the NCMDI people villages Huaiyuan County Chengguan Town of Project- World Bank Project 2007.1.26- Huaiyuan County and affected Leading Group Office 1.28 the nearby suburban people and the NCMDI villages Administration Meeting room of Wuhe Project- Committee of Mohekou Industrial affected 2007'7'6 Mohekou Industrial Park Administration people Park and the NCMDI Committe Meetings and the Guzhen County DRC Project- release & World Bank Project Meeting room of Guzeh affected 2007.7.9 collection of Leading Group and County Government people questionnaire the NCMDI Huaiyuan County 2ndRound Project- Meeting room of DRC World Bank Public affected 2007.7.9 Huaiyuan County Project Leading Group Consultation people Government and the NCMDI Project Old urban area, Longzi Interview and the Sub-project Office, I owner and Lake district, HTZ, release & Project Owner for 2007.7.4- project- EDD, Huaishang collection of urban project, and the 7.10 affected District and Yuhui questionnaire NCMDI people District Experts of Deliver the Letter of Expert opinion Municipal PMO and 2007.7.5- related 2- consultation in consultation the NCMDI -I. 13 aspects Bengbu city Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Annex I:References
EA Authorization letter of Bengbu Urban Flood Control and Ecological Environment Improvement Project Financed by World Bank, Nov 2006 Bengbu Urban Master Plan (2005-2020) Anhui Province Bengbu Municipality Urban Planning Area Ground Water Exploitation, Use and Protection Plan Benqbu Land Use Master Plan, by Benabu Municipal Government Outline of Anhui Province Ecoloqical Construction Master Plan, Jan 2004 Benqbu Huai River Water Pollution Prevention and Improvement Plan Bengbu Environmental Protection Master Plan (2005-2020) FSR, by China Environmental Science Research Institute Bengbu Urban Water Supply Source Plan Report Bengbu Municipality Wastewater and Storm Water Drainage Master Plan (2005-2020) (Draft) Instruction of Bengbu Municipality Wastewater and Storm Water Drainage Master Plan Bengbu Municipality Environmental Protection Eleventh-Five-Year Master Plan (2006-2010) JVersion to be approved) Bengbu Urban Water Supply Supplementary Water Conservation Construction and Protection Works Plan 2006 (Version to be approved) Bengbu Urban Flood Control Preliminary Design Report 2003 Bengbu Urban Flood Control Master Plan 1996 Bengbu Environmental Protection "Eleventh-Five-Year" Plan Bengbu Water Resources Development "Eleventh-Five-Year" Plan Report (Draft) List of Bengbu Provincial Level Cultural Relic Protection Institutions Longzi Lake Ecological Environmental Inteqrated Improvement Project Proposal Bengbu New Urban District Integrated Development District Ecological Demonstration District Construction Master Plan Distribution of Surface Cultural Relic in Bengbu Urban Area, Mar 2004 Bengbu Xijiagou Flood Control Management and Environmental Improvement Project Proposal Sludge Monitorinq Data of Lonqzi Lake Sludqe Monitoring Points Map of Longzi Lake Sludge Monitorinq Points Map of Huaishang District and Wuhe County BIEIP Proposed Framework for EIA Beifei River Pumping Station Project FSR Lonqzi Lake Pumping Station Project FSR Tianhe Storm Water Pumpinq Station FSR Emerqency Data When Drinkinq Water Source and Surface Water Are Polluted Benqbu Hebei District Division Plan, 2002 Statistic Year Book of Huaishanq District, 2005 Benqbu North bank of Huai River Flood Control and Ecoloqical Improvement Project Proposal Bengbu Huaishang District Flood Control and Urban Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project FSR
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Guzhen Urban Flood Control Master Plan Improvement plan of Baliqou Tushan Road South Course EA report of Xijiagou N0.3 WWTP FSR Lonqzi Lake Landscape Area Master Plan Guzhen County Master Plan Lonqzi Lake Desilting Report
I Rlg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 I XDH/GDM Beng bu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Annex 2: Maps and Drawings
The following maps describe all 8 Sub-projects of BIEIP in the consequence of: Tianhe flood control project Longzi Lake flood control and environment improvement project Urban (south of Huai River) environmental infrastructure improvement project Xijiagou & Baligou environment improvement project Huaishang District flood control and urban environmental infrastructure improvement project Guzhen County integrated environment improvement project Huaiyuan County integrated environment improvement project Wuhe County Mohekou integrated environment improvement project
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
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Air monitoring site
1 Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 1 XDH/GDM October 2007 1 Page: 46/72 Location of Sub-project (satellite image)
Layout of Tianhe storm drainage pumping station
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Layout of Longzi storm drainage pumping station
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Location of project site and sensitive points I I
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Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 1 Page: 50/72 I Location of the sub-project(sate1lite image)
Layout of stormwater networks
1 Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 1 XDH/GDM October 2007 1 Page: 51/72 Layout of sewage networks
I Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 1 I XDH/GDM I October 2007 I Page: 52/72 Location of the sub-project(satel1ite image)
Ditch cross-section
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Location of sensitives points & monitoring sites
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Layout of Wuxiaojie pumping station
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Environmental sensitive points I
Environmental monitoring sites
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1 Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 1 XDH/GDM Benqbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Environmental monitorinq sites I I
I Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 I Location of the sub-project(satel1ite image)
Layout of drainage networks
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Project Environmental Sensitive Points
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Layout of the sub-project
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Layout of Sanpu pump station
Environmental sensitive points
1 Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 1 I XDH/GDM I October 2007 I Page: 62/72 Rlg00005 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM I October 2007 1 Pacle: 63/72 1 .. a, 4-4 .-m a, WE nm H W
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