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Aksu River 341 Ammonia Nitrogen 37, 76, 110, 212, 214, 249 Amur-Heilong River 9, 337, 339–341, 350 Anglian Water 314 Anhui

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Aksu River 341 Ammonia Nitrogen 37, 76, 110, 212, 214, 249 Amur-Heilong River 9, 337, 339–341, 350 Anglian Water 314 Anhui Index A ‘Beautiful China’ 4, 16, 18, 37, 44, Aksu River 341 99, 320, 377, 381 Ammonia Nitrogen 37, 76, 110, Beijing 2, 6–8, 20, 25, 29, 30, 34, 212, 214, 249 43, 63, 97, 111, 148, 154, Amur-Heilong River 9, 337, 156–158, 162–166, 172, 178, 339–341, 350 181, 182, 184, 196, 203, 230, Anglian Water 314 247, 256, 258, 267, 269, 270, Anhui Guozhen 329 273, 278, 280–282, 298, 309, Aqueducts 4, 41, 177, 231 338, 379 Aquifer salinization 64, 99 Beijing Capital Group 297, 324, ‘The Asia’s Battery’ 355 329, 330 Asia Environment, Singapore 318 Beijing Enterprises Water Group Asian Infrastructure Development 297, 324 Bank (AIIB) 98 Beijing No.10 Water Project 314 Asia Water Technology, Singapore Beijing Origin Water Technology 318 324 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region 31–33, 44, 114, 157 B Beijing Urban Construction 330 Baiji dolphin (white dolphin) 251 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive 383 license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 S. Lee, China’s Water Resources Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78779-0 384 Index Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) 9, 22, China State Grid Corporation 236 31–33, 44, 98, 175, 241, 344, China Three Gorges Corporation 365–367, 369, 370, 379 236, 237 Biodiversity 3, 19, 196, 219, 248, China Water Affairs Group, Hong 250, 353, 356 Kong 318 Blue-green algae 8, 10, 143, 193, China Water Exchange 172, 175, 201, 212, 217, 218, 221, 223, 184, 215 225 China Wuzhou Engineering 330 Brownfield projects 315, 316 Chinese Community Party (CCP) 7, Build-Own-Operate (BOO) 316 16, 20, 28, 32, 39, 116, 129, Build-Renovate-Operate-Transfer 130, 133, 149, 168, 175, 202, (BROT) 316, 317 203, 205, 206, 208, 224, 230, Build-Transfer 317 239, 257, 283, 293, 302, 325, 326, 379 Chinese paddlefish 251 C Chinese sturgeon 251 Cambodia 9, 353, 355, 356, 358, Chongqing 20, 35, 41, 86, 243, 360, 362–365, 370 245–247, 250, 298 ‘Cancer Villages’ 83, 99 Circular on Accelerating the Reform Catastrophe insurance 41, 42, 53, 86 of Water Price, Promoting Cathay International Holdings, Water Saving and Protecting Hong Kong 318 Water Resource, 2004 304 Chao Lake 52, 80 Climate change 3, 6, 16–18, 20, 22, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 41, 53, 64, 67, 85, 88, 91, 37, 76, 78, 79, 82, 110, 142, 93–98, 100, 122, 130, 131, 212–214, 221, 249 229, 230, 251, 278, 281, 282, Chengdu No. 6 Build-Operate- 353, 355, 377, 378 Transfer (BOT) plant Climate change impacts 51, 53, 93 296 Climate finance 98 China, 15 major international river Compensated Use of Tradable basins 9 Emission Permit Program China Datang Corporation 236 (CUTEPP) 215–217 China Everbright 330 Cooperative Joint Venture (CJV) China Huadian Corporation 236 314, 317 China Huaneng Corporation 236 COVID-19 28, 333 China Hydropower Engi- Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) neering Consulting Group 256 (Hydrochina) 237 China Lesso Group 324 Index 385 D Ecology and Environment Bureaus Da Chang BOT water project, (EEBs) 80, 139, 142, 192, Shanghai 314 198, 199, 211, 215, 308 Dadu River 273, 275 Economic instruments 4, 32, 153, Danjiangkou Reservoir 247, 267, 183, 192, 199, 380 270, 272, 283 Ecosystem rehabilitation 19, 27, 229 Decoupling 29, 30 Ecosystems 3, 5, 6, 17, 18, 22, 26, Deeper aquifers 63 37, 42–45, 51, 61, 62, 66, 76, Deforestation 95, 351 98, 99, 114, 127, 131, 148, Demand management 6, 7, 10, 114, 154, 156, 172, 179, 206, 209, 131, 158, 159, 168, 281, 378, 219, 251, 254, 255, 263, 265, 381 272, 275–278, 284, 349, 353, Desalination 5, 107, 112, 114, 266, 356, 361, 366, 368 295, 312, 313 Electric Power Law 236 Desertification 43, 61, 195, 349 Environmental Pollution Tax 160, Dianchi Lake 52, 80 192 Dongting Lake 52, 60, 66, 67, 245, Environmental protection 19 250 Environmental Protection Bureaus Don Sahong Dam 355, 358 (EPBs) 80, 82, 142, 192. See Drought-prone areas 53, 90, 92 also Ecology and Environment Drought risk management 53, 92 Bureaus (EEBs) Droughts 3, 5, 16, 20, 40, 41, 51, Environmental Protection Law 106, 53, 84, 86, 90–93, 95, 99, 115, 137, 138, 193, 198, 207, 100, 106, 130, 131, 141, 156, 302, 305 251, 282, 357, 377 Environmental Protection Tax Law Dujiangyan 2 139, 199 Environmental sustainability 9, 15, 35, 106, 108, 148, 159, 160, 168, 219, 349, 371, 377 E Environment Impact Assessment Eastern route 253, 256, 257, 260, (EIA) 192, 194 262–267, 269, 271, 272, 276, Environment Impact Assessment 280, 281, 284 (EIA) Law 137, 138 Ecological civilization 4, 21, 22, 32, Equity Joint Venture (EJV) 314, 317 44, 99, 121, 130, 148, 163, Estuary salinization 265 225, 294, 302, 303, 311, 377 Eutrophication 52, 79, 99, 218, 219, Ecological degradation 2, 254, 278 221, 222, 251 Ecological Red Lines 4, 27, 191–193, 195, 196 386 Index F Golden State Environment Group Fertilizers and pesticides 52, 82, 83, 315 222 Golden waterway 35, 243 Fisheries Law 137, 144 ‘Go West’ campaign 273, 361 Five Energy Giants 237. See also Grand Canal 2, 264, 265 China Datang Corporation; Grassland Law 137, 144 China Huadian Corporation; Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) China Huaneng Corporation; program 344, 346, 360, 367 China State Grid Corpora- Great Leap Forward Movement tion; China Three Gorges (1958–962) 256 Corporation Greenfield projects 315, 316, 327 Five Year Environmental Plans Groundwater resource management (FYEPs) 195 42 Flood control 26, 33, 85, 89, 97, Groundwater resources 5, 17, 19, 129, 134, 144, 229, 231, 242, 22, 26, 34, 42, 43, 45, 51, 52, 244, 245, 248, 282, 309 54, 61–63, 68–70, 78, 84, 98, Flood Control Law 86, 106, 132, 99, 108, 120, 153, 155, 156, 137, 144 163, 198, 224, 263, 269, 270, Flood control levees 53, 85 278 Flood prevention 10, 43, 85, 86, 95, Guangdong 20, 70, 113, 135, 144, 201, 206, 229, 283, 284, 171–173, 181, 182, 200, 242, 333, 379 245, 247, 313 Flood Prevention Regulation 86 Guangzhou 29, 30, 298 Flood prone areas 84 Floods 2, 3, 5, 16, 40, 41, 44, 45, 51, 53, 84–88, 93, 94, H 97–100, 106, 130, 131, 140, Hai River 2, 57, 61, 64, 69, 93, 132, 141, 229, 242, 248, 251, 357, 156, 178, 255, 256 361, 377, 378 Han River 111, 112, 250, 254, 267, 14th Five Year Plan (2021–2025) 4, 272 273, 284 Heilongjiang Inter China Water 329 The Helsinki Rules on the Use of the Waters of International Rivers of 1966 (1966 Helsinki Rules) G 348 Ganges River 340, 352 Heng-Ganges River 36, 341 General Water of China 324, 325 Hindu Kush Himalayan region 36 Gezhouba Dam 251 Household wastewater discharge 52, Glacier melting 93 80 Index 387 Huai River 2, 52, 59, 64, 69, 84, J 93, 132, 156, 252, 256 Jiabao, Wen 155, 241 Hua Yan Water, Hong Kong 320 Jiangsu Province 8, 83, 143, 157, Hydraulic bureaucracy 2 178, 194, 201, 204, 214, 217, Hydraulic mission 169, 229, 257, 219, 222, 223, 263, 264, 282, 283 325, 378 Hydrodiplomacy. See Water Jiangsu Zhongnan Construction 330 diplomacy Jinghong Dam 361, 364, 365 Hydropower dams 33, 131, 229, Jinping, Xi 32, 34, 130, 175, 241, 231–233, 236, 237, 355, 358, 324, 338, 377 361, 366 Jintao, Hu 175, 241, 338 Hydropower installed capacity 232 Joint Stock Company (JSC) 315 Hydropower potential 232, 237, 361 Hyflux, Singapore 318, 320 K Keqiang, Li 16, 18, 192, 193, 257, I 258 Ili River 339–341, 347, 351 Kherlen River 340 Increasing block tariffs 163, 164 Indus River 36, 340, 352 Industrial wastewater discharge 52, L 77, 80–82 Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Inland navigation 10, 27, 35, 92, (LMC) mechanism 9, 26, 339, 229, 243, 246, 248, 265, 283, 344, 352, 357, 362, 379 284, 340, 359, 362, 365, 366 Lancang-Mekong River 9, 10, 36, Institutional framework 4, 136, 201 60, 236, 338–341, 344, 346, Integrated Water Resources Manage- 348, 352, 353, 357, 359, ment (IWRM) 97, 106, 137, 361–363, 365, 366, 369, 370 139, 144, 282, 309 Lancang-Mekong River Environment Inter-basin water transfer projects 7, Cooperation Center 26 10, 69, 131, 229, 230, 252, Lancang-Mekong Water Resources 254–256, 283 Cooperation Center 364 International Law Association (ILA) on Five Year Action Plan 364 348, 349 Land subsidence 43, 52, 63, 99 Inter-provincial coordination 134 Laos 9, 340, 353, 355, 356, Irrawaddy River 341, 357 358–360, 362–364, 368, 370 Irrigation project 2, 27, 231 Large dams 10, 231, 275, 283, 350, Irtysh-Ob River 339–341, 351, 352, 358, 364, 365 370 Liao River 52, 56, 64, 69, 76, 156 388 Index Loess Plateau 61 Ministry of Natural Resources Lower Mekong countries 9, 344, (MNR) 106, 120, 123, 127, 357, 358, 362, 364–366, 369 128, 131, 303, 313 Lower Mekong River 355, 356, 358, Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) 368–370 7, 54–58, 61, 62, 64, 66, 68–70, 73, 85, 90, 106, 109, 116, 120, 122, 123, 128, M 130–132, 136, 147, 148, 156, Marubeni 314 161, 162, 168–172, 206, 207, Measures on the Guarantee of Fixed 233, 237, 258, 273, 303, 305, Profit Margins for Foreign 309 Investment Projects, 2002 304 Mitsubishi 314 Mekong Delta 353, 356, 361, 364, Multi-purpose and agricultural dams 365 4 Mekong River Agreement, 1995 357 Mekong River Commission (MRC) 9, 339, 344, 352, 353, N 355–359, 362, 365–368, 370, National Assessment Report on 380 Climate Change, 2015 53, 94 Middle East routes 230 National Climate Change Adaptation Middle route 34, 97, 157, 158, 163, Strategy 96 178, 247, 252–254, 256, 257, National Development and Reform 259, 260, 265, 267, 269–271, Commission (NDRC) 120, 273, 276–278, 280–284 122, 129, 147, 210, 237, 280, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural 307 Affairs 120, 136, 237 Nationally Determined Ministry of Ecology and Environ- Contributions (NDCs) ment (MEE) 5, 7, 54, 74–77, 97 79–81, 93, 95–98, 106, 116, National People’s Congress 17, 18, 120–123, 127, 130–132, 135, 144, 147, 239 134–136, 147, 148, 220, 237, New World Development Company 238, 258, 302, 307, 308, 380 314 Ministry of Emergency Management NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen).
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