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The Only Way Out: a Guide for Truth Seekers

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The Only Way Out: a Guide for Truth Seekers The ONLY WAY Out A Guide for Truth Seekers Abdullah S. Al-Shehri 2 THE ONLY WAY OUT © All rights reserved THE ONLY WAY OUT 3 4 THE ONLY WAY OUT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All Thanks, All Praise to Allah: The One, The First, and The Final. Many people have assisted me in completing this work. First and foremost were my beloved parents who raised me to write the present book. I love you dad, I love you mom! My wife's assistance was more than generous. She gave me all the time, support, and patience I needed. I do not know how to reward her magnanimous heart. My dear friend, Abdulkareem Ibn Adam, read the text with extraordinary attentiveness. His remarks were very precious; many thanks brother Abdulkareem. I also thank Anton Schulz whose suggestions and choice of words were extremely helpful. Abdulaziz Al Ma'taani! The book cover speaks for itself, a witty choice. I will not forget my brothers at The Cooperative Office in Jubail. Without their support, many obstacles would have prevented this work from coming out. If any one of favor has been left out, I'm confident that there reward will be with Allah, The Most Munificent. THE ONLY WAY OUT 5 6 THE ONLY WAY OUT CONTENTS Chapter One: Confusion and Deviation 9 Man: The Inquisitive Creature 11 The Position of Religion 14 Religion: An Integral Human Experience 17 A Working Classification of World Religions 22 Man-Made Religions 27 Religion Distorted 31 Religion Rejected 35 Chapter Two: The Quest for Truth 45 The Need for Guidance 47 Truth, Two Needs, and Two Levels of Reality 51 Existing Through Creation 63 Which is God? 73 The Philosophical Concept of God 74 The Concept of God in Christianity 76 The Concept of God in Judaism 78 Non-Monotheistic Concepts 80 The Concept of God in Islam 82 God's Lineage 87 God: Personal or Non-Personal? 92 God's Proper Name 97 The Attributes and Two Major Errors 100 Chapter Three: Islam, Science, Creation, and the Human Origin 111 On Science, Evolution, and Atheism 113 Getting Lost in the Details 115 Evolutionary Creation or Creative Evolution? 126 Design: Allah's Univocal Sign 133 Primates, Hominids, or Humans? 146 Primordial Soup Revisited 151 THE ONLY WAY OUT 7 A reality Check 155 On Theistic Evolution 161 Allah: Eternally Creative 164 Islam and Science 170 The Origin of the Universe 173 Humans: Not a Trivial Detail 180 The Quran on Human Origin 188 The Quran on Embryology 191 Meaning, Purpose, and Human life 203 Islam and the Meaning of Life 213 The Essence of Man's Earliest Religion 225 Unity and Simplicity: Hallmarks of Truth 230 Chapter Four: Explaining Worship 237 What is Worship? 239 Three Levels of Worship 242 Level One: Islam 242 Level Two: Faith 256 Level Three: Perfection 303 Comprehensive Worship 304 Defining the Framework 316 Concerning the Sunnah 322 Islam, Modernity, Postmodernism, and Democracy 327 Chapter Five: Hidden Facts & Deterrent Factors 335 The Road Not Taken 337 Towards Truth 350 APPENDIX 1: A Very Short Biography of the Last Prophet 357 APPENDIX 2: An Analysis of the Trinity Doctrine 369 APPENDIX 3: A Very Short Critique of David Hume's Argument and Demonstrating the Plausibility of Arguing for Theism/Design from Human Experience 379 8 THE ONLY WAY OUT THE ONLY WAY OUT 9 "…early man probably pondered similar thoughts and came to the conclusion that an intelligent power created everything, or – as someone today might express it, organized energy into material form. What that "intelligent power" actually is has varied and been debated down through the ages, forming a rather long list of possibilities". (Guthrie, G. D. (1997) The Wisdom Tree) "…but I finally understand that the universe refuses to cooperate with my desire to play God". (Wheately, M. (2006) Leadership & the New Science) 10 THE ONLY WAY OUT CONFUSION AND DEVIATION THE ONLY WAY OUT 11 12 THE ONLY WAY OUT Man: The Inquisitive Creature “What we call visible nature or this world must be but a veil and surface-show whose full meaning resides in a supplementary unseen or other world”. (William James)(1) Man never gives up the habit of posing critical questions about himself and life. Because man is endowed with a unique faculty of reasoning that is exclusively characteristic of him, it stands to reason that man has a legitimate right in posing such questions. Astonishingly, this involuntary and irresistible habit to question things has treated all people on an equal basis, because all various parties develop a natural tendency to put forward the same basic, but significant, questions. Most - if not all - of us seem to arrive at the same cul-de-sac when it comes to answering questions about life such as: why am I here? And, what will happen to me after death? Through the ages, these questions have been asked by great philosophers, scientists, thinkers, and at the same time, simple villagers, uneducated people and children alike. These are the kind of questions which force parents to evade answering their child's curiosity by saying, “It‘s a good idea not to ask these questions my dear”, or just stand there perplexed and open- mouthed. Although, it is true that man has instituted vast and complex organizations to administer his affairs and seems to have reached the pinnacle of material progress, he fails to fathom the mystery of existence, the mystery of infinity and (1) James, Williams (1895) Is Life Worth Living? International Journal of Ethics, Vol. 6, No. 1, (Oct.), p. 10. THE ONLY WAY OUT 13 eternity, the mystery of birth and death(1). This situation has encouraged man to adopt different approaches towards comprehending reality; approaches that involved various schools of study and research ranging from the science of philosophy, with all its ramifications, to that of natural science and natural theology. Brian Greene, a contemporary scientist, assesses the true value of all scientific undertakings achieved so far by saying: "Progress in physics, such as understanding the number of space dimensions; or progress in neuropsychology, such as understanding all the organizational structures in the brain; or, for that matter, progress in any number of other scientific undertakings may fill in important details, but their impact on our evaluation of life and reality would be minimal. Surely, reality is what we think it is; reality is revealed to us by our experiences"(2). Before Greene, Erwin Schrodinger, the German physicist and Nobel Prize winner, wrote with dismay: "The scientific picture of the real world around me is very deficient…It [science[ cannot tell us a word about red and blue, bitter and sweet, physical pain and physical delight; it knows nothing of beautiful and ugly, good or bad, God and eternity. Science sometimes pretends to answer questions in these domains, but the answers are very often so silly that we are not inclined to take them seriously"(3). Out of this frustration came a dire need to question the validity of man‘s approaches towards understanding reality. Would it be reasonable to continue pursuing the answer (1) Ahmad, Khurshid (1988) Islam: its Meaning and Message, edited by Khurshid Ahmad, United Kingdom, p. 11-12. (2) Greene is stressing the problem of having to rely on our subjective experiences, where reality is most likely distorted and incomplete (Greene, B. (2004) The Fabric of the Cosmos, Vintage Books, p. 4-5). (3) Schrodinger, Erwin (2001) Why Not Talk Physics? In Wilber, Ken (Ed.) Quantum Questions: Mystical Writings of the World's Greatest Physicists, p.83, Shambhala, Boston & London. 14 THE ONLY WAY OUT through materialistic methods in order to unravel mysteries of a metaphysical nature? Questions like these have revived human interest in practices once discredited as mythical, superstitious, and out-dated, practices such as magic, pseudo- spiritualism, mysticism, voodoo-like rituality, and occult religiosity. These too only worsened the human predicament and turned life into an illusion, unworthy of any appreciation. Regrettably, the problem at hand appears to be a cyclic one(1). When man reaches the climax of his efforts to identify his state of being, there is the possibility of getting entangled in the fallacies of another man-made conceptualization or being veered off by the miscalculations of human conjecture. Is there a way out? Will there be a time when man begins to acquire a strong distaste for his pompous theorizations and come to realize the misleading aftermaths of human speculation? At this critical stage, religion has a word to say. But before we listen to it, let us pose these starter questions to guide our discussion: What is religion? Is it a man-made conception? If not, then in what way can it answer our questions and dismiss our longstanding uncertainties? (1) The great philosophers of antiquity such as Socrates, Democritus, Plato, Aristotle, and their successors were more efficient generating questions than giving satisfactory answers. Their intellectual legacy, although rich and diverse, remains the source of many unresolved problems. THE ONLY WAY OUT 15 The Position of Religion "Every serious and reflective person realizes, I think, that the religious element in his nature must be recognized and cultivated if all the powers of the human soul are to act together in perfect balance and harmony". (Max Planck)(1) If we are to consider the enormous number of cults and beliefs prevalent in different parts of the world, it would be extremely difficult to give a clear-cut, exhaustive definition of the term ―religion‖. Nevertheless, we still need to know what religion is, or at least form a basic understanding of it in our minds.
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