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Cruise Report C-247 SEA Semester: Marine Biodiversity & Conservation Scientific Data Collected Aboard SSV Corwith Cramer Christiansted, St. Croix, USA – St. George’s, Bermuda – New York, NY, USA – Woods Hole, MA, USA 14 May 2013 – 17 June 2013 Participants, Sargasso Sea Symposium – 27 June 2013 Sea Education Association Woods Hole, Massachusetts 1 This document should be cited as: Siuda, ANS and ER Zettler. 2013. Final report for S.E.A. cruise C247. Sea Education Association, Woods Hole, MA 02540. www.sea.edu. To obtain unpublished data, contact the Chief Scientists or SEA data archivist: Data Archivist Sea Education Association PO Box 6 Woods Hole, MA 02543 Phone: 508-540-3954 Fax: 508-457-4673 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sea.edu 2 Table of Contents Ship’s Company . 4 Introduction . 5 Table 1. Student Research Projects, C-247 . 6 Data Description . 7 Figure 1. C-247 Cruise Track . 7 Table 2. Oceanographic Sampling Stations . 8 Table 3. Surface Sampling Station Data . 10 Figure 2. Surface current direction and velocity. 11 Figure 3. Surface Temperature and Salinity. 12 Figure 4. Cross Section of Temperature and Salinity . 13 Table 4. Neuston Net Data . 14 Table 5. Meter and 2-Meter Net Data . 16 Student Research Abstracts . 18 3 Ship’s Company, SSV Corwith Cramer, Cruise C-247 Faculty Tom Sullivan Captain Erik Zettler Chief Scientist – Leg 1 Amy Siuda Chief Scientist – Leg 2 John Jensen Policy Faculty Caleb McClennen Policy Faculty – Wildlife Conservation Society Linda Amaral-Zettler Biodiversity Faculty – Marine Biological Laboratory Nautical Staff Kirsten Johnsrud Chief Mate Rocky Hadler Second Mate Jeremy Tagliaferre Third Mate – Leg 1 Carl Herzog Third Mate – Leg 2 Scott Murchison Engineer Shelby Mann Steward Allison Weinstock Sailing Intern Scientific Staff Annie Scofield First Assistant Scientist, Teaching Assistant Chrissy Dykeman Second Assistant Scientist Patrick Lynch Third Assistant Scientist Laura Cooney Lab Intern Visitors Greg Boyd SEA Research Assistant Gordon Rowland Ithaca College Faculty Students Taunya Couts Portland State University Andrew Dougherty University of Denver Ethan Edson Northeastern University Matthew Flynn Eckerd College Rachel Green Hamilton College Mariah Haberman Stanford University Alice Henry Hamilton College Steven Houang Eugene Lang College, The New School Bethany Kolody New York University, Abu Dhabi Katherine Lipp University of Miami Manasi Malik University of Kentucky Mariana Mata Lara Universidad Nacional, Mexico Lauren Nickerson University of New England Annie Osborn Stanford University Leyana Romain St. George’s University, Grenada Gregory Thomas St. Aubin University of British Columbia Claudia Villar Bowdoin College Scott Watters Kenyon College 4 Introduction This cruise report provides a summary of scientific activities aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer during cruise C-247 (14 May – 17 June 2013). The 2115 nm, five-week cruise served as the scientific data collection portion of the Sea Semester: Marine Biodiversity & Conservation program with Sea Education Association (SEA). Extensive oceanographic sampling was conducted for both student research projects (Table 1) and the ongoing SEA research program. Students measured biodiversity and examined physical, chemical, biological, and environmental oceanographic characteristics in accordance with their written proposals and presented their results in a final poster session and papers (available upon request from SEA). The brief summary of data contained in this report is not intended to represent final data interpretation and should not be excerpted or cited without written permission from SEA. Amy NS Siuda and Erik R Zettler Chief Scientists, C-247 5 Table 1. Student research projects, C-247. Title Student Investigators Biodiversity and biogeography of leptocephali Taunya Couts, Mariah Haberman, in surface and subsurface waters of the Lauren Nickerson and Claudia Villar Caribbean and Sargasso Seas Larval life stage distribution and genetic Andrew Dougherty, Kat Lipp, Annie lineage alignment of Caribbean spiny lobster Osborn, Leyana Romain and (Panulirus argus) in the Sargasso Sea Gregory Thomas St. Aubin Colony morphology and genetic diversity of Ethan Edson, Rachel Green, Steven Vibrio on natural versus artificial substrates Huoang, Bethany Kolody and Scott across the Sargasso Sea Watters Sargassum as a keystone organism: Alice Henry, Manasi Malik, Mariana Distribution and biodiversity of the species Mata and Matt Flynn and related communities in the Sargasso Sea 6 Data Description This section provides a record of data collected aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer cruise C-247 (US State Department Cruise: 2012-088) from Christiansted, St. Croix, USVI to Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA (Figure 1). Figure 1. Hourly positions along the C-247 cruise track. During the 5-week voyage, we sampled at 38 discrete oceanographic stations (Table 2), each with an associated surface sample for chlorophyll a and total inorganic phosphate (Table 3). Additionally, we continuously sampled water depth and sub- bottom profiles (CHIRP system), upper ocean currents (ADCP, Figure 2), and sea surface temperature, salinity, CDOM fluorescence, in-vivo chlorophyll fluorescence, and transmittance (seawater flow-through system, Figure 3 – temperature, salinity). Discrete CTD measurements of vertical temperature and salinity profiles are presented in Figure 4. Additional instrumentation on the CTDs allowed for profiling of dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, transmittance, PAR and CDOM fluorescence. Summaries of sea surface and water column chemical and biological properties are found in Tables 4 and 5. Lengthy CTD, CHIRP, ADCP and flow-through data are not fully presented here. All unpublished data can be made available by arrangement with the SEA data archivist (contact information, p. 2). 7 Table 2. Oceanographic sampling stations. X indicates type of station. (NT = Neuston Tow, MN = Meter Net, TT = Tucker Trawl, HC = Hydrocast with CTD, CTD = Free CTD, TDR = Minilogger depth and temperature recorder, SS = Surface Station.) Latitude Longitude Station Date Time (N) (W) General Locale NT MN 2-MN HC CTD TDR SS C247-001 16-May-13 0009 18°13.3' 64°43.5' Caribbean Sea X 002 C247-002 16-May-13 1545 17°59.8' 64°32.8' Caribbean Sea X X 003 C247-003 17-May-13 2330 18°11.1' 64°36.4' Caribbean Sea X X X X 004 C247-004 17-May-13 2334 19°18.5' 64°46.1' Tropical Atlantic X X X X 005 C247-005 18-May-13 1111 19°56.7' 64°45.9' Tropical Atlantic X X 006 C247-006 18-May-13 2344 20°39.4' 64°40.6' S Sargasso Sea X X X X 007 C247-007 19-May-13 1032 21°19.6' 64°38.2' S Sargasso Sea X X 008 C247-008 19-May-13 2334 22°04.8' 64°36.0' S Sargasso Sea X X X X 009 C247-009 20-May-13 1045 22°51.9' 64°27.1' S Sargasso Sea X X 010 C247-010 21-May-13 0123 23°40.7' 64°31.7' S Sargasso Sea X X X 011 C247-011 21-May-13 1040 24°03.9' 64°40.4' S Sargasso Sea X X 012 C247-012 21-May-13 2327 24°57.7' 64°51.9' S Sargasso Sea X X X X 013 C247-013 22-May-13 1035 25°44.7' 64°46.7' S Sargasso Sea X X 014 C247-014 22-May-13 2328 26°38.4' 64°41.0' S Sargasso Sea X X X X 015 C247-015 23-May-13 1032 27°21.7' 64°34.1' S Sargasso Sea X X 016 C247-016 23-May-13 2355 28°22.8' 64°26.3' S Sargasso Sea X X X X 017 C247-017 24-May-13 1046 29°08.3' 64°25.0' STCZ X X 018 C247-018 24-May-13 2326 30°01.4' 64°25.4' N Sargasso Sea X X X X 019 C247-019 25-May-13 1041 30°51.3' 64°22.0' N Sargasso Sea X X 020 C247-020 26-May-13 1036 32°06.8' 64°21.3' N Sargasso Sea X X 022 C247-021 26-May-13 2347 32°06.8' 64°25.8' N Sargasso Sea X X X 023 C247-022 4-Jun-13 1110 32°31.8' 64°29.7' N Sargasso Sea X X 024 C247-023 4-Jun-13 2323 33°09.8' 65°27.9' N Sargasso Sea X X X X 025 C247-024 5-Jun-13 1044 33°50.5' 65°56.0' N Sargasso Sea X X 026 8 Table 2 continued. Latitude Longitude Station Date Time (N) (W) General Locale NT MN 2-MN HC CTD TDR SS C247-025 5-Jun-13 2323 34°29.6' 66°38.3' N Sargasso Sea X X X X 027 C247-026 6-Jun-13 1040 35°2.6' 67°14.6' N Sargasso Sea X X 028 C247-027 7-Jun-13 1139 35°43.3' 65°55.8' N Sargasso Sea X X 029 C247-028 7-Jun-13 1800 35°56.6' 66°1.1' N Sargasso Sea C247-029 7-Jun-13 2358 36°4.6' 66°30.8' N Sargasso Sea X X X 030 C247-030 9-Jun-13 1218 37°15.9' 67°38.8' Gulf Stream X 031 C247-031 10-Jun-13 0010 37°43.8' 68°6.5' Gulf Stream X 032 C247-032 10-Jun-13 1158 38°31.7' 69°28.8' New England Slope X 033 C247-033 10-Jun-13 2331 38°46.4' 70°25.9' New England Slope X X X 034 C247-034 11-Jun-13 1149 39°13.3' 71°14.5' New England Slope X 035 C247-035 12-Jun-13 0928 39°30.5' 72°19.7' Hudson Canyon X X X X 036 C247-036 15-Jun-13 1153 40°37.7' 72°34.6' Shelf S of LI X 037 C247-037 16-Jun-13 0011 40°53.3' 71°41.4' S of Montauk, LI X 038 C247-038 16-Jun-13 1130 41°22.1' 70°53.9' Menemsha Bight X 039 9 Table 3.
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  • (Panulirus Argus) Phyllosoma in the Sargasso Sea Jody Daniel1,2, Jeremy Pivor1,3 1 Sea Education Association, 2 St

    (Panulirus Argus) Phyllosoma in the Sargasso Sea Jody Daniel1,2, Jeremy Pivor1,3 1 Sea Education Association, 2 St

    Population Genetics and Dynamics of Caribbean Spiny Lobster (Panulirus argus) Phyllosoma in the Sargasso Sea Jody Daniel1,2, Jeremy Pivor1,3 1 Sea Education Association, 2 St. George’s University, St. Georges, Grenada, 3 Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri Abstract: Results/Discussion Continued: The Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Panulrius argus, is widely distributed across the Atlantic Ocean and its Results/Discussion: fishery is ranked as the second most economically important in the Central Atlantic region. Stocks have been decreasing since the early 21st century. Management of the fishery has been difficult given the wide Puerulus 4 Fig. 8: Life stages and genetic uncertainty regarding Spiny Lobster population dynamics. The long-range dispersal of the planktonic 4% lineages of phyllosoma collected larvae, called phyllosoma, makes it difficult to determine P. arg us population structuring. Uncertainty X V at each station across latitude regarding local or distant recruitment of lobster stocks has made it difficult to create management IX 3% 7% 18% 3 from St. Croix to Bermuda during strategies. The Sargasso Sea may serve as critical habitat for phyllosoma in acting as a corridor between cruise C241. Highest life stages 19851991 stocks in the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, South America, and the Caribbean. In our study we have explored the (9 and 10) were collected in influence of selected environmental parameters on phyllosoma distribution, as well as genetic and life stage 2 19921998 VI northern latitudes. Life stage structuring in the Sargasso Sea in order to understand Panulirus argus population dynamics. We found no VIII 14% 19992005 structuring was relatively significance between phyllosoma abundance and temperature, salinity, or chlorophyll a concentration.