Marine Biodiversity Map

㰵⪴◔ Marine Biodiversity Map ⏰㾚 Kat O 㲀栔妹 Sha Tau Kok HK 㰵⪴◔ 㘯ⴱ㯰㰵⭶‪◐ ⟥氪㼡 7XQJ3LQJ&KDX 2012 Marine Biodiversity Map 0LUV%D\ 0DULQH3DUN 勿㞄䪐 ∮㯰✖ Lai Chi Wo 㰵⭶‪◐ <DQ&KDX7RQJ 0DULQH3DUN ⋌㰵㼡 'HHS%D\'HHS%D\ 䱚➻ Mai PPoo 嵋㴙 Chek Chau ⯽漢⑧ Tsim Bei Tsui 䟚䉂㴙䊈䌘乢勻&RUDO&RPPXQLWLHV 米埔內后海灣 Breaker Reef 拉姆薩爾濕地㰧妹䟚䎱䑁 Mai Po Inner Deep Bay Ting Kok ⠻敧 Tap Mun +DUG&RUDO Ramsar Site 㰵᳉㼡㰵⭶‪◐ ⅒㔥䎱䑁廆䎱䑁Ə㟚䎱䑁 +RL+D:DQ 2FWRFRUDO 6RIW&RUDO*RUJRQLDQ 0DULQH3DUN 溸䎱䑁 DU\ 䙤㳌尢搾7ROR&KDQQHO %ODFN&RUDO Pak Nai 㰵⭶彈䕂䏝❁◮,QWHUWLGDO+DELWDWV +.6$5%RXQG 㑮䐊勿㞄危䳬㨠㝾桗㳭㫲⚝彈䐊 Lai Chi Chong 0DQJURYH 桗 1HZ7HUULWRULHV 㳭㫲㽕敺⸝㳌䀿 Ứⶡᷲ ⚝ ,QWHUWLGDO0XGIODW Kei Ling Ha 彈䐊榓師埠 + . 6 +RUVHVKRH&UDE $5 % 㵞匰⹱ R XQ 6HDJUDVV GD ⤎㵑䁊 U 㰵㯉⎸ᴱ朜↓䄧0DULQH0DPPDOV Tai Long Wan \ Ḕ取䙤㵞屁⇭ⷪ⮭⺍ &KLQHVH:KLWH'ROSKLQ 'LVWULEXWLRQ'HQVLW\ 㵑勫䁊 ἵ凚Ḕ/RZWR0HGLXP Long Ke Wan 檿+LJK 㭗㯰⊈ 㨲⑧㴙湋淑㯰 Sharp Island 㱆屁⇭ⷪ⮭⺍㰵⭶‪◐ )LQOHVV3RUSRLVH 6KD&KDXDQG 䙤冿 'LVWULEXWLRQ'HQVLW\ /XQJ.ZX&KDX Pak Lap 0DULQH3DUN ἵ凚Ḕ/RZWR0HGLXP 檿+LJK 榓䁊 ᴛ湋䄙⫼㰵 Ma Wan 3RUW6KHOWHU 㰵殣6HDELUG ᷪ㘆㍹ Victor Rock 䙤兠㵞浗丨㭽✗ .RZORRQ :KLWHEHOOLHG6HD(DJOH 1HVWLQJ6LWH ‴ᶔƼ㰵⪴ƽ 㲀⠿⏊ⱘ 2WKHU3UHFLRXV6SHFLHV 䛟〄䁊 Bluff Island Sheung Sze Wan 䶇㵞澃䔉⍜✗滅 ⤎䙤䁊 Discovery Bay *UHHQ7XUWOH RULD+DUER 1HVWLQJ6LWH LFW XU 䱫 9 㕮㗳歁䔆⡪✗ ⟘⃧ ᵜ 㳭 $PSKLR[XV+DELWDW ᄐ栔 San Tau ❑㴙㰵㯉ẛ娵⇾ 㝘㵳 Peng Chau 0DULQH3URWHFWHG$UHD Tung Chung 㵞ⲟ⅓⛹ 桗㳭⮴ 0DULQH3DUN +RQJ.RQJ,VODQG 㞃㴙例ⳝ Ninepin Group 㵞ⲟῄ孞⌧ ⟥ⱺ⬯ 0DULQH5HVHUYH ⤎㽔㝘潴㴙 /DQWDX,VODQG Tai Tam Ting Lung Chau ṳ㾚 Yi O Shek O ⌾Ḓⳝ 䟚㾚㰛⏊䁊 Shui Hau Wan Lamma Island 敞㴙汲⌾㰵⭶ẛ娵⇾ Cheung Chau &DSH' $JXLODU 0DULQH5HVHUYH 䟚滺㴙 Shek Kwu Chau 㷘䁊 Sham Wan 㩒䀥ⳝ Waglan Island 䴉但例ⳝ Soko Islands 咙⏗ Po Toi 桗㳭㫲⚝彈䐊+.6$5%RXQGDU\ 桗㳭㫲⚝彈䐊+.6$5%RXQGDU\ wwf.org.hk/marinemap © Cynthia Yau © Samantha Lee © Adam Minu © Alan Leung © Cynthia Yau © Paul Shin © Cynthia Yau © Samuel Hung/HKDCS © Samuel Hung/HKDCS © RickyTang © Ricky Tang © Andy Cornish ⿙⾚㰵㯉䏝䄧⍊宅㵎濕 Code of conduct Ḟハ㗇孪 The existing four Marine Parks and one 㨟庌ノ㨟庌庌ノ㽸䁯⿙⿙㰵㯉䕂㯉䕂䕂Ჾ⃄⨎⃄⨎濊榀㸖䏥⬿䙫⛂ῲ㵞ⲟ⅓⛹⎱ᷧῲ㵞ⲟ Marine Reserve cover only two percent of ペ何庒㖣併湾䙫䎱併湾䙫䙫䎱䙫䎱䑁例吤⑳妑庒妧妑庒庒妧⯆庒 ⤮嶊䙫㵞㳲䔆䉐Əᷴᷧ⮁奨俾岢ḿ棂㩆 ῄ孞⌧⏑奭咲㜓✗䙥⇭Ḳṳ䙫㰛⟆Ə Hong Kong waters. This means that most 84 恇怱ḍ⤎⤎⢅⊇ῲạ䙫䢚㍹㔥㈴⏖㔥㈴⏖ㄆ㈴ ⎾⽾∗˛榀㸖⅝⯍㛰⽯⤁⼳嶚䎴岛䙫㵞 Ọ凛⤎惏⇭㔶ㄆ䙫㵞㳲䔆⡪⎱Ⱜἶ⅝ of the sensitive marine habitats and their 㳲䔆ㄲƏὲ⥩㮻⊇⊹㮻㵞恫⤁⒨䨕䙫䎱䑁例吤Ə⻝䶦ᷴ䴼䙫䳬㨠㝾ƏṆ㛰Ḕ Ḕ䙫䎴岛䉐䨕Ə㚒㜑⽾∗㲼⽲㢄㕮㛰 vulnerable species are not yet effectively 䨕䟚䎱䑁⒨䨕㖣ㇸῸ䙫㰛⟆䈔⥴欌湾Ə㮻 ⊇⊹㮻㵞㒨㛰䙫⒨䨕㛛尷⮳ 取䙤㵞屁˚榓師埠䬰㛰嶊䙫㵞㳲䔆䉐Ƅ㵞⯝⛽⋥⊹⇡✏㜓✗㉥⽾∗䙫䎴岛㔯✗ῄ孞˛⛇㭋Ə䕝⤎⮝恇曉䅐⚩Ə protected by regulations. Everyone should ˥㵞⯝˦*Ə὇⏑奨㋰⛽䴉橌Ⱈ⏖Ọ䛲∗唁䂡⤮妧䙫㵞㳲㙖屈Ə㎉䴉䔆⑤Ḳ GLIIHUHQWKDUGFRUDOVSHFLHVWKULYH 㬊峅⤎凑䄝吓䉐㘩Əㆰ婙䛈憶恦ℴ⹙ know how to appreciate nature and how to 2 㹷䙫併Ə⟠棱ῄ孞䒗⡪䙫ヶ嬿˛㵞⯝⛽⏑㘖ῲ敲⦲Ə὇⏖Ọ凮⏳㨊㄂⥤⤎凑 km LQRXUZDWHUVHYHQPRUHWKDQWKRVH Ҹୌ IRXQGLQWKH&DULEEHDQސٵ 㓥凑䄝䒗⡪˛ minimize their own environmental impact 1,650 䄝䙫㛲⎲ᷧ嵞⏳怱Ə䙣㍿㛛⤁䙫䔆ㄲ㙖滅Ə≜怇凑ⷘ䙫㵞⯝⛽Ƅ when in the field. 榀㸖㰛⟆两杉䨴Ɲ⹚㖠⅓憳 7RWDO+RQJ.RQJPDULQHDUHD Welcome aboard! NP ᶣ᳉㓭Ჾᵙ⫍㊎䟸濕⴩ḞἘỉ孞孪ᶹ Here are a few gentle reminders about Usually, visiting incredible coral reefs and seeing stunning marine life 䕂弈⩠濣 how to be a responsible nature visitor: involves an expensive holiday. The good news is – you don’t need to spend an exorbitant amououuntnt o fmof mmoneyy and generate carbon emissions 䔏䅎䈮䕀ᷲ㛧併䙫梏㙖Əᷴ奨㐿ᷲㇽ 1. Take nothing but photographs; leave nothing but ㋦嵗ỢἼ㝘奦ƞ⏑䕀ᷲ嶚巈Əᷴ䕀ᷲ footprints; keep nothing but memories. through air travravvele forr a unique, memorababbleeo oceance ic experience overseas! ỢἼ䖼巈ㇽ䠛⣅ƞ⏑ῄ⬿㛧䇍䈂⥑䛕 2. Do not litter. You cann finfind asta onisi hing cocorc als, aam myriad of mananngrovgrg es and amazing 䙫⛅㆝Əᷴῄ䕀㜓Ὥⱓ㖣凑䄝䙫ᷧ㙖 marine species like Chinese white dolphins, horseshoshohoecre crabsabs andan many ᷧ䉐˛ 3. Do not touch, feed or disturb any wildlife; maintain distance with animals and their nests more preecioussps specieeci s rightg hereere ini HongH Konong waters. WWF’s Marararine 恐䕝㢫何❪✥˛ Biodiverveerssityt MMapp wililllsh showw youu whehereh to find somome of ouru mariine 4. Walk slowly, with small movements and keep your ᷴ奨姟㑟˚検棣ㇽ樞㓥憵䔆䔆䉐ƞ凮 voice level low. If possible, turn off your mobile envinviviirroronment’ent s mmostst precious gemgemsge *.. Beststt of allll, thisthhisiss doed s not have to be ⊼䉐⎱⅝ⷉ䩛䛈憶ῄ㋨巄曉˛ a ononce-ice-cece n-a-na-aa liiffef timee experierierriiencen –by– byy spepep nding tiime in thhe wild,d youyoyou andand phones or put them on vibrate. 廼偙廼㭌䷐䷐∴怙˛䛈憶㸂ἵ偙㵑Ə other mamarinei lilife enthushusussiastiasts cac nndi discovsco errmr moore remamarkabrkarkkable hababitbitittaats and 5. Carefully choose your trails and rest areas to avoid ⏖俪ㅕ旃ᷱ曢婘䙫柦欎壄何Ə㏂ㇷ曮 environmental degradation. add to youro ownn MariMariine Biodiiod versity Map! ⊼㑟⻶˛ 6. $YRLGXVLQJDÀDVKZKHQWDNLQJSKRWRJUDSKVRI 䴗⾪㋸恟堳ⱘ巖䷁⎱⯶Ỹἴ何ƏỌ恦 animals. ℴ₞⮚⤐䄝䔆⡪˛ 7. When snorkeling, do not brace against or step on ㊴㔄⊼䉐㘩恦ℴὦ䔏敪䆯˛ coral communities – this could cause irreparable 㖣㵕㽂㘩Əᷴ奨Ọ䎱䑁ὃ ⊂ㇽ巶党 physical damage to them. 50,000 滅Ə␍∮㛪䠛⣅⅝䴷㦲˛ 8. Make sure diving gauges and other gear are 㮶⹛↓⭊Ə⏵㵞䁊䙫㽕敺⸝㳌䀿䂡暢怵㖣㽂㰛∴Ə㪉㟌㈧㛰㸓憶塏⎱♏㜷ⷙ clipped and secured so that they do not dangle, ↓䙫㰛泌㎷ᾂ䛂⮛ 1637 䉉⛡㉊⥤Ə恦ℴ✏吤㰛⽳墒櫭儒䙫♏ risk entanglement in or damage to corals or other 㜷乶吾ㇽ䠛⣅䎱䑁⎱⅝ẽ䔆䉐˛ marine life. (YHU\ZLQWHUWKHLQWHUWLGDOPXGIODWDW 㖣⹛楽㬈㖣榀㸖䙣䏥Ḕ取䙤㵞 'HHS%D\LVDGLQLQJWDEOHIRUDQDYHUDJH 屁䙫劚幋 ἴ㖣⌾Ḓⳝ㷘䁊䙫㲀䀿Ə✏㮶⹛⅔㛯 9. 7KHVDQG\EHDFKDW6KDP:DQLVVSHFL¿HGDVD RIZLQWHULQJZDWHUELUGV ᷧ㗌凚⌨㛯ᷰ⌨ᷧ㗌㛪≪䂡䥨⌧˛㈧ restricted area from 1 June to 31 October during &KLQHVHZKLWHGROSKLQVZHUH the nesting season of green turtles. No visitors are ILUVWVSRWWHGLQLQ+RQJ 㛰怱⮉ᷴ⏖✏怀ῲ䶇㵞澃䔉⍜䙫⭊䮧 .RQJ ∴⽧婙嘼˛ allowed during this period. 㮶⹛⌨ṳ㛯凚侳⹛ṻ㛯Ə怱ạᷴ⮃∴ 10. Do not land on islands which are home to White- ⽧䙤兠㵞浗丨㭽䙫ⳝⶣ㴢⊼ƏỌℴ樞 bellied Sea eagle breeding sites during their breeding season (December to May). This will 㓥㵞浗⎱⽘柦⅝丨㭽ㇷ⊆䍮˛ prevent disturbance to the birds and avoid reducing © CatHolloway/WWF-Canon 㰵⪴◔ 妧屁㘩Ə⇮⋦忤忷ㇽ⹙㓥㵞屁䙫∴怙 their breeding success. © Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department 巖䷁˛ 11. While dolphin watching, never chase or cut across 䕝὇ㅉ㭌㖣⤎凑䄝㘩Ə㲦忻⏖⌻⊐㷬 the course of dolphins. 䏭冇㨤ㇽ⻉䉐Əḍ㢫何㖣恐䕝䙫❪✥ *㜓✗⛽Ḫ䶃㜓✗⛽ḪḪ䶃⏯㔦⺃⅓ⷪ⏯㔦⺃⅓㔦⺃㔦䙫媦㟌䴷㞃媦㞃⎱㜓✗⯯⮝㜓✗ 䙫䟻䩝⠘␱䙫䟻䩝⠘ 俳ㇷ˛⟡㖣俳ㇷ˛⟡㖣ῄ備ῄ備䏭䔘Ə䏭䔘ƏᷧẂ䔆ㄲ㔶ᷧẂ䔆ㄲ ㄆ䙫✗滅ḍ✗滅 12. Wherever you are, if you notice plastic bottles or ㇽ⛅㔝䮘ⅎ˛ Marine Biodiversity Map ᷴ⋬㋓ᷴ⋬㋓✏怀✗⛽ⅎ˛㭈徵㿶妤㜓㛪䶙柨Ə㟌斘䶙柨Ə㟌 ⭳㕛䙫⎪俪㕛䙫⎪ 䛕拫Ɲ拫 wwf.owf.org.hk/m/marinemap˛ debris, remove it and place it in an appropriate recycling or rubbish bin. * The map is producedduce based on the best available data from governovove mentme surves ys and researcheaearc conducted by local expertperts. Somem ecologicallycall sensitive sites are notno indicind atedted fofor conservatiovat n © Adam Minu reasons. Please visit ourouur websiteit for the list of referre ence: wwf.org.hkrg.h /mari/mar nemap/en/e . 䊈䌘乢勻㰵㯉⎸ᴱ朜↓䄧媑榀㸖㒨㛰尷⮳⎱⒨䨕⤁㨊⋽䙫䎱䑁Əἣ㘖⤐㖠⤃孁ƏἭ⅝⯍ḍ Ḕ取䙤㵞屁㘖榀㸖㰛⟆㛧⤁ạ婴嬿䙫⑳⎾▃㄂䙫㵞㳲ⓡṚ桅⊼䉐Ə㒨㛰㴢㼸敲㛾䙫晤ℰ ᷴ䄝Ə✏㜓㸖㰛⟆⏖Ọ㉥∗尷⮳䙫䎱䑁䉐䨕Ə⋬㋓䟚䎱䑁˚⅒㔥『㠣⑳姵⥤䙫⣽塏俳ㇷ䂡˥吓ạ忞˦Ə㘖榀㸖⛅㭟㘩䙫⏰䥌䉐Ə䉇Ὸ㛧▃㭈✏㜓㸖奦杉䎱䑁Ƌ⥩廆䎱䑁Ə㟚䎱䑁ƌ⎱溸䎱䑁˛Ṳ⯍ᷱƏ⽯⤁ạỌ䂡䎱䑁䙫湠㷈㰛ẋ䔳✗⌧㚉㳚˛ㇷ⹛䙫Ḕ取䙤㵞屁Ə䚕冁␯䱰䳬剙Əẕ湾䙫⣽❲Ə⊇ᷱ⥤⊼⎱ 㘖㵞Ḕ㣴䉐Ə⅝⯍䉇Ὸ㘖⊼䉐⑉Ƅ ⤁K䙫䤥ẋ塏䏥Ə廼㗺⎽⽾⤎䜥㭈⾪˛⏍ᷧ䨕榀㸖䙫㵞㳲ⓡṚ桅⊼䉐㘖㱆屁Ə∮▃㄂✏ 䟚䎱䑁⛇㒨㛰⟬䡓䙫⣽檏檣俳⽾⏴˛⤎惏⇭䟚䎱䑁惤㛰⏴䂡埙溪 © FelixChan 㜓㸖⌾杉䙫㰛⟆⇡㱹Ə䉇Ὸ㱹㛰傳气Ə䁗剙䙫㱆屁⌨⇭⮚侅⎱曊Ọ㌰㑟Ə✏憵⣽忤⯲⅝ 嗢䙫㵞嗢桅䔆䉐⮫Ⱜ檻ⅎƏ⹒⊐䟚䎱䑁␟⎽棱⇭˛䔘㖣埙溪嗢曧劚幋ḍᷴ⮠㗺˛⏖ッƏ怀⅐䨕㵞㳲ⓡṚ桅⊼䉐䙫㕟憶㖣徸⹛㛰ᷲ昴䙫嶏⋉Ə✏憵⣽䙫䊧奨ℬ嶚䙫ℰ䷁怙堳ℰ⏯ὃ䔏Ə⛇㭋䟚䎱䑁▃㭈㖣暘唤䙫㵞䁊⎱㷬㲨₀⎾⧨僬˛ ⾠䙫㵞㰛⌧⟆ὃ吤党滅˛凚㖣ⱓ⅒㔥䎱䑁䦸䙫廆䎱䑁⑳㟚䎱䑁Ə Ⱈ㕊吤⇭ⷪ㖣㰛㷘䳫凚䱚䙫㰛⟆˛溸䎱䑁∮㒨㛰ᷧ庒㞻杘䙫 Marine mammals 溸剙ㇽ壷剙ⅎ檏檣Ə⸟奲㖣㰛㷘凚䱚䙫㰛⟆˛䉇Ὸ䙫例吤⽉䊧〉孱吓⋽Ə⏖Ọ㘖⮭暭ㇽ䧧䕶䙫⇭ⱻ䔆敞Ə⎯ㇽ㘖␯枔䊧Ə㔬 Hong Kong’s most well-known, indeed famous marine mammals are the Chinese 㛰˥㰛Ḕ㨠˦Ḳ⏴˛ white dolphin and the finless porpoise. A Hong Kong icon, Chinese white dolphins are readily seen in Hong Kong’s western 䎱䑁䂡⏫㨊㵞㳲䔆䉐㎷ᾂ棆䉐⑳ἶ㈧ƏṆ䂡娘⤁⅞┭㥔⃠‣䙫歁 Yau © Cynthia 桅㎷ᾂ䔉⍜⎱備劾⠛✗˛ waters. Their striking pink appearance when they become adults, their playfulness and their complex social behaviour has long made them highly-popular. Their Coral communities © Alan Leung counterparts, finless porpoises, are shy and elusive, making them much harder to observe in the wild. The porpoises have grey bodies and lack dorsal fins, and are Strange as it may sound, Hong Kong is home to prosperous, 㰵⭶彈䕂䏝❁◮ more commonly found in our southern waters. Unfortunately, both mammals have highly-diverse coral communities, including hard corals, in recent years suffered an alarming decline in numbers and their status is now octocorals (such as soft corals and gorgonians) and black corals. 榀㸖㲦ⲟ㻦ⷪ䎴岛䙫䔆⡪✗Ə⥩䳬㨠㝾˚㽕敺⸝㳌䀿ƏṆ⏖㉥∗榓師埠⎱㵞匰䙫幋⽘˛ threatened. 䳬㨠㝾㘖恐ㆰ⊂⽯⼞䙫㜏㜓㣴䉐Ə⸟奲㖣㵞㵑廪⯸䙫湠㷈㰛ẋ䔳䙫廆峑㵞ⲟƏ⥩㲚⏊ᷧ In case you were wondering, yes, corals are actually animals. ⸝˛㽕敺⸝㳌䀿∮㘖ᷧ䈮櫭廆䙫㵞ⲟ䔆⡪Ə㷋㳌⑳溶✆✏ᷧẂ⎾✗䏭ⰶ暃⋬⛴⎱⏑㛰廼 Hard corals have hard exoskeletons, most also have symbiotic © SamanthaLee ⾕㵞㵑䙫✗⸝ⅎ㱰䨴Ə㘖㒨㛰檿䔆䉐䔆䔉⊂䙫憴奨䔆ㄲ䳢䵘˛榀㸖㛧⤎䙫㽕敺⸝㳌䀿ἴ algae known as zooxanthellae living in their tissues from which 㖣⏵㵞䁊Ə㮶⹛䂡㕟Ọ吓姯䙫㰛泌Ə⋬㋓䕀泌⎱ 泌㎷ᾂ棆䉐˛ their food can be obtained; this limits their distribution to more shallow and sheltered waters. Octocorals are softer corals and 榓師埠ḍᷴ㘖埠Ə⾅䔆䉐⭟妹⺍䛲䉇Ὸ⑳囿囂㛛䂡䛟徸˛⛂⃫⹛ỌὭƏ䉇Ὸᾄ䄝ῄ㋨⟡ are more widely dispersed through 8 to 10 metres of Hong Kong 㜓庒檻⽉ㄲᷴ孱Ə⛇㭋⸟墒䨘䂡˥㴢⋽䟚˦˛⹣榓師埠⁝䈥✏榀㸖䙫㲀䀿⎱㳌䀿朙杉˛ ZDWHUV%ODFNFRUDOVKDYHÀH[LEOHHQGRVNHOHWRQVZKLFKDUHEODFN 㵞匰㘖ᷧ䨕✏⭳⅏墒㵞㰛㵟㱹ᷲẴ僤䔆⬿䙫㛰劘㣴䉐˛㵞匰⹱㘖㵞㳲䙫⤎⮳侨Ə䂡娘⤁ or brownish in colour with pale tentacles. They form many 㵞⹼⊼䉐㎷ᾂ棆䉐⑳⹮孞㈧Əẍ㘖歁桅˚䔙㮣桅⊼䉐⑳榓師埠䙫備劾✗˛ different colony shapes: densely or sparsely branched, or even © Michelle and Peter Wong whip-like in appearance - they have even been called “underwater trees”, and usually be Intertidal habitats found at depths of 4 to 30 metres. Hong Kong’s intertidal zones are thriving habitats full of life, where mangroves, 㰵殣 Corals provide food and shelter for a huge diversity of organisms. They are spawning intertidal mudflats, horseshoe crabs and seagrasses can all be found. Mangroves 䙤兠㵞浗㘖榀㸖⅝Ḕᷧ䨕㛧⤎❲⑳併湾䙫䕀泌Ə㖣㜓✗丨㭽䙫⯸㖣ṳ⌨⯴˛ㇷ⹛䙤兠㵞 DQGQXUVHU\JURXQGVIRUVRPHFRPPHUFLDOO\LPSRUWDQWUHHI¿VK are specially-adapted woody plants which usually occur along sheltered soft 浗㊒吾ᷧ庒㐝䜣䙫侤㯂Ə䳻䙤䙫栔˚僟˚ᷲ兠⑳ⰥⷛƏ凮㷘剙䙫棂侤⽉ㇷ⼞䂯⯴㮻˛暽 shores with freshwater flows; river estuaries are a good example.

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