The Pre-History of the House of Wettin Identification through DNA of the “Kings’ Cluster”
Contents
Deep male-line ancestry before 2500 BC 2
The DF98 Kings’ Cluster in context: our Bronze age cousins 3
Basic family tree of DF98 derived from SNP testing 4
Reconstructed family tree of DF98 5 Overview & minor branches 5 The S18823 branch [not yet updated] 6 The S1911 branch 8 Lost souls which need further testing [not yet updated] 10
Geographical distribution of cluster members 11 The history of R-U106 Deep ancestry of U106 (1) INTRODUCTION Homo sapiens This deep phylogenic tree of the human population represents our current understanding of the way the human family tree has Acknowledgements divided along its male lines. This is a rapidly-evolving field, thus the information is subject to considerable change over time. The information in this tree comes from a variety of sources, primarily the International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG) and YFull. The haplogroup statistics on eupedia.com have also been instrumental in creating these data. This tree summarises the extensive tree that lies above R-U106. This shows how R-U106, which now represents many tens of ? ? ? ? Y-chromosomal Adam millions of men worldwide, branched off from the rest of the human Y-chromosome tree at different points in prehistory. circa 230,000 BC, East Africa Created by: Dr. Iain McDonald; updated: 14 Aug 2017 (2) OUT OF AFRICA Ultimately, we all descend from the first life-forms, which lived approximately three billion How to read this chart years ago. Through a long and convoluted process, they evolved into homo sapiens. While H. This chart shows how the male-line genetic (phylogenic) tree splits from its foundation down to the U106 branch. sapiens has only been around for about half a million years, this is still older than the common A00 A0-T A0 A1 A1b Different ages and geographical origins distances are shown on the chart, which should be interpreted carefully. ancestor of the male lines of every person alive today. We call this person Y-chromosomal Haplogroup BT (B-M42) Adam, because we all descend from him via our father’s father’s father’s father’s… etc. Recent circa 86,000 BC, East Africa Where quoted, ages are given as 95% (~“2-sigma”) confidence intervals. We are 95% sure that the real dates lie estimates of his age place his birth at around 200,000 to 250,000 years ago. between these two boundaries. By dividing the uncertainty in half, we can recover the 68% confidence interval, or “1-sigma” range. Dates are rounded to the nearest 100 years. The vast majority of people descend through Haplogroup A. In fact, it’s only recently that researchers discovered our most-distant relations hiding among remote Africa tribes. This date was calculated using SNP-counting methods which are detailed at: Haplogroup BT arose in Africa about 88,000 years ago, when the most of the human population www.jb.man.ac.uk/~mcdonald/genetics.html consisted of a small number of tribes living in the Horn of Africa.
The human genetic tree continued to diversify and flourish as mankind expanded throughout B DE C Haplogroup F (F-M89) Haplogroup Frequencies in Europe Africa. Around 50,000 to 60,000 years ago, a small group of migrants is thought to have crossed circa 47,000 BC, South Asia NB: Data have not been updated since 2014. the Red Sea into Arabia, starting the most important in a series of Out of Africa migrations. The following data give the number and percentage of various levels between R1b-M343 and U106 in different parts Some time not too long after this point, a little over 45,000 years ago, we split from haplogroups of Europe, as found by Myers et al. (2007) and selected other studies. These can be used to approximate correction G and I, which appear to form the original modern human population in Europe. This point is factors to debias our statistics according to how many people of different ancestries have tested. These numbers are defined by the recently analysed 45,000-year-old remains from western Siberia, from a man only very approximate in many cases and only represent first-order estimates of the underlying population. who was haplogroup K (but not haplogroup LT, so near the K2 level). COUNTRY POPLN. %M269 %U106 M269 & U106 POPLN. #TESTERS WEIGHT Our base haplogroup, R, arose from this migration between 24,000 and 34,000 years ago. This British Isles is again limited by the archeaological remains of Mal’ta Boy, who was buried 24,000 years ago G H IJ LT Ireland 6429508 80% 6% 5143606 385770 99 4 in Siberia. By this time, our ancestors had probably expanded to across much of north-west Asia, Haplogroup K2 (K-M526) Scotland 5327000 72.5% 12% 3862075 639240 132 5 where they existed as hunter gatherers. before 43,000 BC, Asia England 53012456 57% 20% 30217099 10602491 317 33 Wales 3063456 83.5% 5% 2557985 153172 13 12 Total 67836420 62% 19% 41780765 11780673 658 18 (3) EXPANSION INTO EUROPE Within haplogroup R, most people are descended via the R1 clade. Within R1, there is a Iberia I J Spain 47150800 42% 8% 19803336 3772064 6 629 bifurcation into two groups: R1a (R-M420), and R1b (R-M343). R1a is strongest in eastern M NOS P Q populations, where it can exceed 60% of individuals in Poland and the south-west Russian states. Haplogroup R (R-M207) Portugal 10607995 56% 1.5% 5940477 159119 3 53 Its British content is thought to be strongly Viking in origin. circa 26,000 BC (before 22,000 BC), Asia Central Europe Denmark 5568854 34% 17% 1893410 946705 9 105 R1b (R-M343) is thought to have arisen around 20,000 years ago. In Europe, it is very much R1 (M173) dominated by R1b1a2, or M269. This group alone makes up over half the population in Western Netherlands 16696700 54% 35% 9016218 5843845 32 183 Europe, and makes up over 90% of some populations. Despite this, its origins are still thought to Belgium 11198638 59.5% 25% 6663189 2799659 10 280 have been in western Asian populations, and it came to dominate Europe as it expanded France 65460000 52% 7% 34039200 4582200 21 218 throughout the continent. Germany 81757600 43% 19% 35155768 15533944 103 151 Switzerland 7785000 58% 13% 4515300 1012050 13 78 The date of this expansion into easternmost Europe (Russia and the Ukraine) can probably be Italy 60418711 37% 4% 22354923 2416748 14 173 R2 R1a Austria 8414638 27% 23% 2271952 1935366 2 968 tied to the sudden growth in the number of branches below M269, around 4000 BC. (M479)(M420) Haplogroup R1b (R-M343) circa 18,000 BC, probably North or Central Asia Eastern Europe (4) FOUNDING A NEW EUROPEAN POPULATION R1b1=P25 Hungary 9979000 20% 4% 1995800 399160 6 67 Czech Rep. 10261320 28% 14% 2873169 1436584 5 287 R1b1a=P297, L320 Most of the branches above U106 are minor, however there is one important branch at the level R1a1a Slovakia 5443386 25% 3% 2721693 326603 1 327 immediately above U106, signified by the mutation P311. A split exists at this point in our family Poland 38192000 23% 8% 8784160 3055360 19 161 tree between the larger P312 branch and the smaller U106 branch. The R-P311 level probably (M417) R1b1b R1b1c R1b1a1 Lat./Lit./Est. 6032500 10% 4% 603250 241300 12 20 corresponds to our ancestors’ arrival into central Europe, somewhere in the region of modern Belarus 9503807 5% 0.5% 475190 47519 1 48 Germany, around 3000 BC or shortly thereafter. Archaeological remains indicate that this is (M335) (V88) (M73) R1b1a2 (M269) Ukraine 45939820 25% 9% 11484955 4134583 4 1034 likely coincident with the arrival of the Corded Ware culture. 5100 BC - 3600 BC, Asian Steppe Romania 20121641 15% 2% 3018246 402432 1 402 Bulgaria 7621337 10% 2% 762133 152426 0 - The P312 branch is generally found more on Europe’s Atlantic Coast, being spread by the Bell L23 (R1b1a2a) Former Yugo. 20449929 5% 1% 1022496 204499 1 204 Beaker culture. Meanwhile, the U106 branch is generally found more in Europe’s heartland. This L51 (R1b1a2a1a) Slovenia 2012917 17% 4% 342195 80516 3 27 has erroneously led to P312 being synonymised with “Celtic” peoples and U106 with L151 (R1b1a2a1a1) Greece 11645343 10% 1% 1164534 116453 0 - “Germanic”. While there is clearly some overlap between membership of these SNPs and Russia 110000000 21% 5.4% 23100000 5940000 7 849 populations, both SNPs originate several thousand years before these terms are relevant. Turkey 76667864 14% 0.4% 10733500 306671 0 -
Nevertheless, it is the last common ancestor of these two branches, “Mr. P311” whose clan is now L216 Z2103 European Colonies (estimated) represented by around half of western European men, with a third of a billion diaspora worldwide R1b1a2a1a1 (P311) United States 230000000 46% 15% 105800000 34500000 - - (see panel at right). Australia 20000000 46% 15% 9200000 3000000 - - Probably c. 3000 BC, Central or Eastern Europe NZ 4000000 46% 15% 1840000 600000 - - R-U106 represents about 1/8th of Europe, or 110 million men worldwide. We estimate its origin Canada 30000000 46% 15% 13800000 4500000 - - to be between 3700 and 2500 BC, which ties in with the archeaological expectation of circa 2800 BC. Total 1041 million N/A N/A 383 million 110 million P312 L21 U106 (R1b1a2a1a1a) M222 probably circa 2800 BC, Central Europe 3000 BC Archeological M269 remains in modern R ussia. Piora Oscillation Kurgan wave 3: steppe → E . E urope 2900 BC R-U106 C orded wave in C . E urope U106 family tree 2800 BC R-Z381 Portugal: First B ell B eaker culture Updated: 14 Aug 2017 R omania: E nd C ucuteni-T rypillian culture First archeological M269 remains in western E urope. DESCRIPTION 2700 BC R-Z156 This phylogenic tree of R-U106 shows the relationships between the R-Z301 1083 testers with Family Tree DNA BigY results. Note that the 2600 BC R-U198 region is largely incomplete. Convergence dates (to be read at the horizontal line of each 2500 BC R-Z306 Start of Stonehenge construction clade) are computed using SNP counting, and are typically uncertain R-Z304 R-L48 Spread of Megalithic / B eaker cultures in W. E urope by several centuries. The convergence date is the point in history where all testers with that clade were last related (the time to most 2400 BC Iceland: Hekla-4 eruption E nd of C orded Wave culture R-DF98 B ell B eaker arrives in Denmark recent common ancestor, or TMRCA). It does not necessarily indicate Height of Stonehenge construction Start of Unetice culture when that SNP formed. R-FGC51008 2300 BC R-FGC13333 R-FGC13329 First U106 archaeological remains (Sweden) R-S1911 R-Z18 R-S18823 Shetland: Scord of B rouster constructed 4.2kyr event: climate causes collapse of Old World civilisations 2200 BC Decline of B ell B eaker culture in B ritish Isles 2200 BC B iblical Flood B ronze Age reaches B ritain E ngland: Seahenge Ireland: Magh Ithe 2100 BC Abraham 2100 BC B ronze Age reaches Ireland 2000 BC Stonehenge completed 2000 BC R-S1894 R-S22069 R-DF96 1900 BC Height of Unetice culture 1900 BC
1800 BC 1800 BC E .E urope: T rzciniec cultureIreland: É rimón Nordic B ronze Age begins 1700 BC E nd of B ell B eaker culture in Ireland 1700 BC E ruption of T hera / Middle B ronze Age cold epoch T ransition Unetice → T umulus culture 1600 BC E ngland: start of Deverel-R imbury ware 1600 BC 1500 BC E ngland: Aylesbury 1500 BC Hebrew E xodus 1400 BC E .E .: T rzciniec → L usatian transition 1400 BC
Germany: T ollense massacre 1300 BC T ransition T umulus → Urnfield culture 1300 BC 1200 BC T roy destroyed L ate B ronze Age collapse 1200 BC Iceland: Hekla-3 / B ond event 2 E ngland: end of Deverel-R imbury ware 1100 BC 1100 BC Kings David & Solomon Italy: L atins arrive 1000 BC 1000 BC R hineland: Golden hats E ngland: Plymouth 900 BC Start of Iron Age C ool Period 900 BC Start of Iron Age in B ritain & C .E urope; E trsucans 800 BC R ome T ransition Urnfield → Hallstadt culture 800 BC Olympics L usatia: B iskupin Italy: T ransition Villanovan → E truscan culture 700 BC Major climate cooling, Nordic invasion of C .E . 700 BC Jastorf culture begins Milan, Marseille E zekiel 600 BC Pythagoras 600 BC T ransition Hallstadt → L a T ene culture Start of Iron Age in N. E urope 500 BC E stonia: Kaali impact? Socrates, Herodatus 500 BC Maximum cooling: famines in R ome, pestilence in Athens L ondon 400 BC Alexander 400 BC Voyage of Pytheas 300 BC C limate warming 300 BC First Punic War N. Italy: B attle of T elamon 200 BC Hannibal 200 BC
100 BC C imbrian War 100 BC R omans in Gaul, Iberia 1 AD 1 AD R omans in B ritain Agricola; Mons Graupius 100 AD R omans in Germania 100 AD Hadrian 200 AD Antoninus 200 AD R ome: C risis of 3C 300 AD 300 AD
400 AD Scoti raid R oman E ng. 400 AD R omans leave B ritain Fall of R ome; Hun E mpire 500 AD Migration Age 500 AD C lovis Volcanic(?) dust veiling event 600 AD Scots → Dál R iata 600 AD Iberian C aliphate 700 AD R ussia: Viking invasions 700 AD C harlemagne B rit.: Viking invasions 800 AD R ussia & E .E .: Vikings 800 AD K. MacAlpin Danelaw 900 AD Normandy 900 AD Holy R .E . B rit.: Viking invasions 1000 AD 1000 AD Norman E ngland 1100 AD 1st C rusade 1100 AD Iberia: R econquista 2nd C rusade 1200 AD 3rd C rusade 1200 AD E dward I 9t h C rusade 1300 AD E dward II 1300 AD B lack Death 1400 AD 100y War 1400 AD 2500 BC 16010726 (C→T) 2400 BC [AMM486; FGC29253] Major branching structures within R-DF98 DF98 Appears equivalent to DF98 2300 BC Key to following pages: 2200 BC FGC51008 FGC13333 Y-STR match, no/private STR data 2100 BC Predicted structure from STRs S1911 U106+ 2000 BC S18823 Tested DF98+ (including DF98* panel tests) Positive SNP/panel test within DF98 1900 BC Terminal branch from BigY or FGC Y-Elite 1800 BC Surname/geographical* and Y-STR link
FGC20588 S1894 Surname, Y-STR and autosomal link 1700 BC S22069 Paper trail connection suspected 1600 BC FGC13445 Paper trail connection known 1500 BC *Includes not-shared surname matches with a close geographical link (within ~10 miles). 1400 BC Individuals electing to show their information on public 1300 BC BY650 M6509 project pages are identified by family (MDKA) name. 1200 BC FGC14758 S4004 Individuals identified through private information are
S11739 Identified by their initials.
1100 BC S8350 1771 1000 BC 1780 ← Date of MDKA (mostdistant knownancestor)
900 BC S10621 ← Indicates recorded paper trail 800 BC 111 111 ← Depth of YSTR testing BigY
700 BC M ← Maximum depth of YSNP testing C 7C9BT/120386 273072 ← M = U106 project member; C = in email contact 600 BC ← Kit number/YSearch code } Donald Colin Donald Colin Edwina Bannister Edwina Iain McDonald Iain 500 BC Aberdeenshire ← Family name (and contact names) 400 BC Minor ← Country of family’s origin 300 BC 200 BC Clades S1911 S1911 S1911 100 BC S18823 FGC13445 S1894 1 AD S10621
100 AD FGC13333 200 AD Page 5 Page 6 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 300 AD 400 AD FGC51008 500 AD S22069 Ungrouped 600 AD Page 5 700 AD Page 6 800 AD CTS7550 tests 900 AD Page 5 1000 AD S8350 Page 11 1100 AD 1200 AD Known STR 1300 AD Page 7 1400 AD imposters 1500 AD 1600 AD Page 12 1700 AD
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2000 AD 2300 BC BigY MRCA: + archaeological data: 2467 BC Est: circa 2300 BC DF98 3065 BC - 1913 BC 2200 BC
2100 BC R-S18823
R-S1911 Phylogenic family tree of R-DF98’s minor branches FGC13333 2000 BC FGC13343 FGC13352 1900 BC FGC13354 Key to following pages: FGC51008 449=30? Y-STR match, no/private STR data 1800 BC FGC48892 YCAII=20-23 17636721 446=14? Predicted structure from STRs FGC48895 714=27? U106+ 1700 BC FGC48899 715=23?? FGC48911 Tested DF98+ 1600 BC del8523098 SNP/panel test within DF98 The location of the Reeves 449=30? group is estimated. The Z156v1 446=14? Terminal branch from BigY or FGC Y-Elite 1500 BC 456=15? SNP pack shows them to be: Pages S1911-, S18823-, FGC51008- Pages 576=16 FGC13333- Surname/geographical* and Y-STR link CDY=36-36? but they have the DYS456=15 1400 BC 8-10 413=23-24 and DYS576=16 STR 6 & 7 mutations in common with the Surname, Y-STR and autosomal link 710=35/36 FGC51008 branch, and have 716=27? secondary mutations on all the Paper trail connection suspected 1300 BC other FGC51008 modal markers except DYS716. They also share the following STR Paper trail connection known 1200 BC mutations with the Harp family: L127.2 19=15?, 449=30, 710=36, Etc. 576=19 549=12, 445=13 552=25 A false negative on FGC51008 1100 BC 21211047 is possible, but otherwise this 439=11 22239157 position is estimated and highly 389ii=30 uncertain. 459=9-9 Z4303 464c-d=x-x 1000 BC Etc. 456=18 CDY=37-37 534=16 900 BC 444=13? 485=14 714=27 522=11 800 BC 463=25 715=23 390=23 700 BC 385=12-14 572=10 600 BC 505=13
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100 AD 385=11-13 464d=16 200 AD 534=14? Sample #134 from Larmuseau et al. (2017) “Defining Y-SNP variation among the Flemish 300 AD population (Western Europe) by full genome sequencing” 400 AD tests BY18958+ BY18955+
500 AD Potential relationship to R-FGC13333 group. 600 AD Need BigY tests to confirm placement and determine structure
700 AD Shared STRs with R-FGC13333 Bowes:
L127.2 449=32 576=19 446=14 710=35 800 AD 552=25
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STR 439=11 MRCA: 464c=15 1200 AD ~1000 AD 710=36 485=14 Exact location 505=13 unclear. May instead be 1300 AD related to the Brown group.
STR MRCA: 1400 AD ~1400 AD STR 385=12-14 MRCA: 389ii=31 ~1500 AD 449=32 STR STR YCAII=19-21 MRCA: STR 444=13 MRCA: 438=13 ~1500 AD 1500 AD MRCA: ~1400 AD 511=11 ~1630 AD STR 444=13 391=12 MRCA: 481=21 459=9-9 464c=16 CDY=37-37? ~1600 AD 456=15 BY20654 BY20653, BY20652 BY20651, This widely tested family is mostly 1585 1600 AD 576=15 MRCA: descended from Capt. Thomas 570=18 1702? ~1626AD?
534=15? 1611
Pittman (1614-1684) or his closest 497=13 CDY= CTS7550 37-38 relatives. A separate project, looking STR 391=13 1700 MRCA:
at this family in more detail, is run by 1761 1760 1700 AD 1767
1765 STR 710=37 1765 ~1700 AD
712=23 MRCA: 1743 1750 Jef Treece. 1749 ~1680 AD 1769 715=23 1770 1785 Johnson: family origin in UK not known. 1770 1780 413=22-23 Boyd: family origin in UK not known. 1798 1794 1802 1810 1790 607=15 1800 Bowe(s): family originates in Kilkenny 1815 1814 1817 1818 1827 (384114 in Wicklow). Apparently not related 1809 1818 1813 1800 AD to 147853 Bow (Z156+ Z305-). Can no longer 1816 1829 1834 identify source of date for 134421 Bowes, 1834 1869 1854 1861 reputedly of Tipperary. 1855 1859 1895 Kiefer: traces to Wissembourg, in the French- German border.
Huigens: No geographical origin indicated, 1910 results no longer accessible. v 1900 AD Andersson: antecedent is Simon, son of Anders, born Hollola, Finland. ? ? ? ? ? ?
37 ? 67 67 111 67 111 111 67 67 111 67 111 111 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 111 37 111 67 67 67 67 111 67 67 111 67 37 12 67 111 67 67 111 37 67 67 67 67 67 111 67 67 67 67 67 67 111 111 111 67 111 67 ------U106 Pack - - - - U106 - Pack BigY YElite - DF98 - - - BigY - - - BigY/3G Pack - - M M M M M M M M M M M M M M BigY - - - L127 BigY U106 - - - - U106 Z156 DF98 ------M M M M M M M BigY L127 BigY - - - - - M M M M M M M M M M M M Pittman, Wall, Treece, Starr, Todd M M PGP C C C C C C C C C C C C M M M M M C C C C C C C C C M M M M M - - 61803 B78577 - 390492 190503 217040 152228 217019 28394* 38955 C C C C C C C C C C C C C C
111 BigY M C - 207377 M M M - B115321 456234* 314500 253977 217354 134421 E19692 2000 AD C C C C C M M M M M M [WGJ] 40815/37FDC 255078 266564 138829 191741 N24519 354056** 251829 17725/FD8ZJ 297863 417963 - - M W. S. C C C C C M. M M M } - 102480 16445 235256 21975 M
Jef Treece C C C 159318 N80201/GYZH8 149650 C C C C V. N72016 109510 C C M C 183767 B. K. 332332 434167 C C C C 491717 384114 535822 493827 E8501 28175 P. Treece: no European origin known. Tested DF98+ in addition to BigY. * N60839 5962/78EG6 296099 274005 C B2570 Robson Dykes
Pitman: no European origin known. Capt. Thomas Pittman’s daughter married Joseph Wall. B75780 } Agee LeeLeCapitaine LeCapitaine Reynolds Huigens Wall: large family with few European connections and an MRCA indicating a common ancestor in American colonial times. Includes a Wall Andersson Cole: R-M269 Family Group 3. No European origin known } } Endres claiming descent from Evan Wall (b. 1379) of Preston Hall in Lancaster and a Weyland from Stuttgart. }
Sudasch Richardson-Bozarth: no European origin known Terry Bohme Terry Kiefer } } L.
Starr: no information. } } Baltzer: no information given. Nancy Cordell Nancy Boyd Steven Reeves Steven Reeve Additional 37-marker matches 37-marker Additional Gibson Smith *Marine
Todd: no information. *Johnson Watson } Brown: Group 12 in Brown DNA project. Includes N19776 with origin in “England”, b. 1626. Admin: Martha Bowes Admin: Bowe Sudasch: link to Austria, north of Vienna. v VinceBowes Reynolds: Group R-25 in Reynolds DNA project. No geographical origin indicated. Harp Cole Brown
Gibson: R1b lineage VI, 61803 traces to Cockersmith (cognate Cockermouth) in the Lake District. B115321 traces to Knockbracken, now a Quintero **Mann * } southern suburb of Belfast. Richson
Endres: family from Ollmuth in Germany, east of Luxembourg. Results no longer available. Johnson Roberto Quintiero Roberto Robertson: in Robson group 2, with 37-marker match to 169566. No further information given. /gaelstar Johnson Ernest Jim Smith Jim Steven Smith Steven Watson: R1b1 family A. 109510 shown to be U106+ L48-. Several 37-marker matches. Possible descendants of Lord Jonathan Watson (1702, (s) - Jeff Harp Jeff
v Bozarth England - 1759), but needs confirmation from family. Quintero: family from Tenerife, no further information given. LeCapitaine: a noble family from Grez-Doiceau, south-east of Brussels, in Walloon. Harp: no European origin known. FGC Long-Read pilot test underway. Smith: no European origin known, but Ireland hypothesised. Novel mutation CTS7550+. Personal Reeve: traces to a Thomas Reeve (1611), origin identified as England by Y-37 match to #41599 (Reeves DNA project group #05). False v Genomes Project tested, helped identify DF98. Negative for downstream SNPs S1911, S18823 and positive match to Bird group R1b IV, which is R-DF27. L127. Forms unique branch of DF98. Agee: origin unknown (STR source: Terry DNA project). Smith: no European origin known, but Ireland hypothesised. Novel mutation CTS7550+. Personal Genomes Project tested, helped identify DF98. Negative for downstream SNPs S1911, S18823 and L127. Forms unique branch of DF98. BigY MRCA: + archaeological data: 2000 BC 2142 BC Est: circa 2000 BC S18823 2809 BC - 1509 BC 1900 BC
FGC20588 BigY MRCA: + archaeological data: 1828 BC Est: circa 1800 BC Phylogeny of R-DF98>S18823 1800 BC S22069 2518 BC - 1185 BC 456=15? 1700 BC 712=21/22/23 BigY MRCA: Key to following pages: 1600 BC 1950 BC 2646 BC - 1262 BC Y-STR match, no/private STR data BigY MRCA: 1500 BC M6509 1509 BC Predicted structure from STRs 2204 BC - 869 AD U106+ FGC20581 1400 BC BY16430 FGC20598 Tested DF98+ Z1834 FGC20600 SNP/panel test within DF98 1300 BC BY16431 FGC20605 ZS9917 Battini et al. (2015) BY16429 Terminal branch from BigY or FGC Y-Elite 439=11? test den-104 reported 1200 BC BY16426 464=15-16-17-17? in this clade CDY=36-38? sharing PH1654, Surname/geographical* and Y-STR link BY16428 S18043, and S22116 BY16427 Surname, Y-STR and autosomal link 1100 BC BY16432 BigY MRCA: 7465235 1287 BC S11739 2129 BC - 455 BC 464=15-15-16-16 PH1654 Paper trail connection suspected 1000 BC 607=16 S18043 570=18 S22116 Paper trail connection known CDY=37-37 S23144 22763202 900 BC GrCh38 BY14841 11708830 14348203 800 BC 19144823 BigY MRCA: 7412387 750 BC S11739 1593 BC - 7 AD 444=13? 700 BC 552=25
BigY MRCA: 1073 BC 600 BC 1898 BC - 305 BC S10162
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? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 111 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 111 37 111 111 67 67 67 67 111 67 111 67 111 111 - - - BigY - - - BigY - - - - BigY Geno2 BigY BigY Pack BigY BigY BigY BigY ? M M M M M M M M M M
2000 AD M C C C C C C C C C C M M M C - 217024 125573 246306* 151830/XMHA3 N57236 - - - 262642 M M M M M M M M 346576 C. C C C C C C C C C C C 136046/7ZT5H - 289065 320712 P. N. G. K. 248240 B113283 611941 140211 456262 511431 N227588 Ramstroem Drabold Trulsson } Rockers Larsson Golden F. Warnier Choudron Forman } Bapst/Pope
(& variants) } v BigY MRCA: + archaeological data: 2000 BC 2467 BC Est: circa 2300 BC S18823 3065 BC - 1913 BC 1900 BC
1800 BC Phylogeny of R-DF98>S18823>S8350
1700 BC Key to following pages: 1600 BC Y-STR match, no/private STR data 1500 BC Predicted structure from STRs U106+ 1400 BC Tested DF98+ SNP/panel test within DF98 1300 BC Terminal branch from BigY or FGC Y-Elite 1200 BC Surname/geographical* and Y-STR link 1100 BC Surname, Y-STR and autosomal link Paper trail connection suspected 1000 BC Paper trail connection known 900 BC
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Treece: no European origin known. Tested DF98+ in addition to BigY. Pitman: no European origin known. Capt. Thomas Pittman’s daughter married Joseph Wall. Wall: large family with few European connections and an MRCA indicating a common ancestor in American colonial times. Includes a Wall claiming descent from Evan Wall (b. 1379) of Preston Hall in Lancaster and a Weyland from Stuttgart. Starr: no information. Todd: no information. Smith: no European origin known, but Ireland hypothesised. Novel mutation CTS7550+. Personal Genomes Project tested, helped identify DF98. Negative for downstream SNPs S1911, S18823 and L127. Forms unique branch of DF98. Sudasch: link to Austria, north of Vienna. Robertson: in Robson group 2, with 37-marker match to 169566. No further information given. Watson: R1b1 family A. 109510 shown to be U106+ L48-. Several 37-marker matches. Possible descendants of Lord Jonathan Watson (1702, England - 1759), but needs confirmation from family. Endres: family from Ollmuth in Germany, east of Luxembourg. Results no longer available. Quintero: family from Tenerife, no further information given. LeCapitaine: a noble family from Grez-Doiceau, south-east of Brussels, in Walloon. Harp: no European origin known. FGC Long-Read pilot test underway. Reeve: traces to a Thomas Reeve (1611), origin identified as England by Y-37 match to #41599 (Reeves DNA project group #05). False positive match to Bird group R1b IV, which is R-DF27. Agee: origin unknown (STR source: Terry DNA project). 607=14 BigY MRCA: CTS11041 + archaeological data: Present in S1894 and 2156 BC Est: circa 2000 BC S1911 25912283 T→TT S10621 but not FGC13445 2808 BC - 1537 BC
1900 BC R-FGC13445 R-S1894 1800 BC Phylogeny of R-DF98>S1911>S10621
1700 BC Key to following pages: 1600 BC Y-STR match, no/private STR data 1500 BC Predicted structure from STRs U106+ 1400 BC Tested DF98+ SNP/panel test within DF98 1300 BC Page 9 Page 10 Terminal branch from BigY or FGC Y-Elite 1200 BC Surname/geographical* and Y-STR link FGC51251; S17640 Surname, Y-STR and autosomal link 1100 BC 391=10; YCAII=19-22 BigY MRCA: S21616; FGC51260 1043 BC 456=17; 449=30? Paper trail connection suspected S10621 S25094 1819 BC - 374 BC 1000 BC 1000 BC Paper trail connection known 900 BC 458=16; 520=19 900 BC
800 BC 449=30? 800 BC
700 BC 700 BC FGC31961, etc. FGC31961, 600 BC 600 BC PH589; S9767BigY MRCA: 549=14? S19781; S19923 412 BC 500 BC 1163 BC - 240 AD552=25 500 BC *PH589 is no call in Decker and on a coverage boundary for Nichols. 400 BC 400 BC
300 BC Battini et al. (2015) test The Genome of the 300 BC fri-1788 reported in this Netherlands project 459=9-9 The Genome of the clade, sharing: S17640, identifies six individuals BigY MRCA: Netherlands project S21616, PH589, S17136, who are PH589 etc. +, 8 AD 200 BC 576=16 identifies two individuals 200 BC S19781 and S19923 S17136 etc. + 697 BC - 609 AD 520=21 who are S12647+ BY17503+ S15847+ BY17504..6+ 100 BC 522=11 100 BC A10=12 A10=14 BY17503 S12647 712=22 413=21-23? S15847 1 AD BY17504 1 AD S17136; S18214; BY17505 Z29207; FGC51261 BY17506 100 AD 390=23 100 AD 449=30 520=19 200 AD 572=10? 710=35 200 AD BigY MRCA: Alternatively, 159 AD 446=14 is 653 BC - 825 AD 300 AD shared 300 AD between Decker & Coker 400 AD 389i=14 400 AD 389ii=31 447=26
576=16 etc. S25910, S22674, S18232, 500 AD 385=12-14 406s1=11 500 AD 607=15(!) 710=35 389ii=30 439=14
712=21 etc. S20354, 448=20? 442=11 600 AD CDY=36-37 641=11 600 AD 481=23 413=22-23 557=14 492=12(!) STR MRCA: 534=16 495=17 690 AD 700 AD 717=18 700 AD 463=25 136 AD - 1244 AD 650=18 635=24 800 AD 532=12 800 AD 464=15-15-15-17; 537=11; A10=12 537=11; 464=15-15-15-17; M8963 SK836 900 AD A7186 900 AD A7187 A7188 1000 AD A7182 1000 AD Internal A7183 Wallace A7184 family A7185 1100 AD structure BY17500 1100 AD estimated. 14799365.TT.T Requires PF732/V3037 389i=14; 446=14; 710=36; 589=11; 561=16; 643=11 561=16; 589=11; 710=36; 446=14; 389i=14; NGS A7189
1200 AD A10=14 557=14?; YCAII=18-22; 19=15; 18893059.TATTA.T 1200 AD testing McKenzie: MacKenzie #165516 claims descent from Sir Roderick MacKenzie (1578-1626), a descendant of Alexander MacKenzie of Kintail (e.g. BigY) A7190 (fl. 1427 - d. 1488), traditionally the 6th of Kintail, but the first of whom contemporary documentary evidence survives (the historical account continues via Kenneth, 1st of Kintail, fl. 1304). However, MacKenzie #52806 also claims the same descent. A7191 Earley: no European origin known, also listed as Early, probably a Wallace NPE. Arbuckle: no European origin known, also listed as Springer, probably a Wallace NPE. A7192 Wallace: descended from a group of immigants to America who probably arrived from Scotland around 1700.
1300 AD 568=8; 446=14; 450=9; 413=21-21; CDY=36-38; 1300 AD Hamilton: no origin listed. Also 37-marker kit 233295. A7193 Prieto: origin listed as Spain. Hill: origins in Yorkshire. A7194 Mattocks: no origin known before emigration, which was probably before 1720. Many other 37-marker tests, showing DYS464d=16, 457=16 and probably CDYb=37 are recent mutations. Maddox: origins in London. Park: no geographical information recorded. 1400 AD 1436 1400 AD French: earliest ancestor Nelson French of Vermont; no European origin. BigY MRCA: Blakeslee: Samuel Blakeslee (1624-1672) was an immigrant to America from England. There are several additional 12, 25 and 37-marker tests. 1477 AD Sele: ancestor is Kristen Nilsson Søra Sele from Bømlo in Hordaland. 458=16 Downie: origin in Blantyre, Lanarkshire. 968 AD - 1778 AD Morrison: Group C. 1862 army enlistment for ancestor born 1828 states father was born in Scotland. Links to Morrisons in Londonderry and CDY=37-39 Ballymoney. 511=11 1500 AD 1543 710=36 1500 AD Falconer: origin in Fife. Bailey: from Poole. Shearing: emigrated to VA 1683, from Swannington in Norfolk, via Quordon in Leicestershire. Variants Sheron, Sherin. Variant found in Cavan, Ireland by Y-67 match. Variants Shearin and Sheron. 1595
1594 Myriak: good evidence of an NPE where Charles Shearin (b. 1740) is the father of Moses Myriak (b. 1777). 640=13
1618 1630 1660
1600 AD 1657 1600 AD 1630 1624 1672 576=15 439=13 !549=13? Ellis: grouped with the 37-marker test 142000, which suggests DYS442=13 might be recent. Neely: two families of Neelys, descended from families from New York and Pennsylvania, sharing very similar DNA. The PA Neelys have tested
1711 v 385=11-15; 464a=14; 385=11-15; 534=14
533=13 Z305+. No known link to Ireland, but likely stems from Londonderry or Co. Tyrone. 1740 Wilson: no information given..
389ii=28; CDYa=36 389ii=28; Roth: origin in Khust, in south-western Ukraine. Possible Jewish family? 1756 1700 AD 1744 1700 AD Coker: Coker project lists this group as the result of an NPE. No origin known before emigration, surname localises in south-east England. 1774 1777 Wilder: family traces back to Shiplake, Berkshire, with Edward Wilder (1623-1690). Other families (e.g. 7GJ6U) also trace back to Shiplake but are 1795 1779 1796 1780 P312+, not U106+. 1782 1785 1807 Gray: no origin known before emigration. 1800 1800 1796 1800 1813 1777 1805 Koch: migrated from Deisel, east of Dortmund, to England then New Zealand. Took the name of Cook. Deisel is just inside Lower Saxony, in its 1812 1807 1830
1816 south-eastern extension. 1845 1835 1838 1811 van der Merwe: from Dubbeldam, Holland. Surname originates in Dortrecht, from the river Merwede. 1845 1837
1800 AD 1840 456=17 1800 AD Decker: link via a 12-marker test to the Decker family of Husum. Husum is west of Kiel, in the Northern Albingian Danish Marches on the Jutland 1852 1854 1856
1860 Peninsula. Nordalbingia is the earliest known home of the Saxons, and lies in the district of North Frisia. 310321 and 197543 share the 1630 descent 389ii=28 385a=14 from Lt. Jan Broersen Decker. Kasprzak’s father was adopted. 1882 1856 Williams: no known European origin. Nichols: Richard Nichols (fl. 1618-1674) was an immigrant to America from Britain in 1638. There are additional 37-marker tests. 1890 1902 1905
1900 AD 1911 1900 AD ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 37 111 67 111 111 111 67 67 67 67 67 111 111 111 111 111 67 111 67 111 111 67 67 67 67 111 67 67 111 111 111 111 67 67 67 111 67 67 111 67 67 67 111 111 111 67 67 67 67 67 111 67 111 67 111 67 67 111 67 67 67 67 111 67 111 67 67 67 67 111 67 67 111 67 67 67 111 67 111 67 - - BigY ------Z306 - - - - DF98 ------Z156 Z156 ------PH589 - - - - BigY Z307 - - - - - Pack DF98 - - BigY - U106 BigY - BigY - - BigY ------Pack - - PH589 PH589 PH589 - PH589 PH589 BigY - - BigY M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C M M M M M M 40769 271299 1642 148788 146263 191741 - B4510 - - - 309623 189060 - - - 43WY3 116553 211330 64588 356719 (Johnson) 224698 267199 310321 319554 325202 285484 137332 141951 13893 M 217066 282949 286171 175035 100322 374600 362364 228208 192370 82178 (Arbuckle) 82178
M ?
2000 AD M 2000 AD M M M M M M M E13858 251536 279643 194162/R4AF9 B159863 297376 33967 63511 165516 157367 58455 B10028 M M 323289 (Fraser) 323289 (Hamilton) 316193 308747 372192 214430/ K. C C C C C C M M M M M C C. A. J. C C C C C C C C C C 300141 14800 311875 35376 C 103098 102955 190923 B6160 57337 26746/9CZR2 339595 197037 65049 C C C C C 99784/N9SQE N22014 284221 (Prieto) 284221 484178 72S42/197543 (Kasprzak) 72S42/197543 van der Merwe van N8860 91658/GSG75 84826/VTSYU 462770 (Schmidt) 158655 Falconer Roth Wilson } } Gray } 8DS4Q (Earley) 8DS4Q Forest Park MerylOpie FJT6Q Koch Sissom Bailey } French } } } Hill Wayne WilliamsWayne Williams Sele Geir Ove Steinsvag GeirOve Myrick } John Myrick John Mattocks Maddox Blakeslee Nichols } Upton Franklin Sheron Franklin Shearing Downie } CraigDownie McKenzie } Morrison Charlie, Sam Morrison Charlie, Sam Coker PH589 Pack PH589 } EarlCoker } Kassel }
Wallace Decker Dan Safsten Dan BarbaraPeterson
(former group 5) } v
Lowlands 607=14 BigY MRCA: CTS11041 + archaeological data: 2000 BC Present in S1894 and 2156 BC Est: circa 2000 BC S1911 25912283 T→TT S10621 but not FGC13445 2808 BC - 1537 BC 1900 BC R-S1894 1800 BC R-S10621 Phylogeny of R-DF98>S1911>FGC13445
1700 BC Key to following pages: 1600 BC Y-STR match, no/private STR data 1500 BC Predicted structure from STRs U106+ 1400 BC Tested DF98+ FGC13445 SNP/panel test within DF98 1300 BC FGC13476 Terminal branch from BigY or FGC Y-Elite Page 8 FGC17098 Page 10 1200 BC 449=30? Surname/geographical* and Y-STR link 534=16? 1100 BC 481=23 Surname, Y-STR and autosomal link 710=36 Paper trail connection suspected 1000 BC 549=14 643=11 Paper trail connection known MRCA: 900 BC ~1100 BC. (1800 BC - 500 BC) 800 BC
700 BC
600 BC 437=14
500 BC
400 BC 458=19 576=16 712=21 300 BC
200 BC DYS=15-15-16-16 576=18 570=18 446=12? 459=9-9 100 BC 715=25 449=28 635=22 DYS=15-15-17-17 CDY=36-36? 557=13 1 AD 534=16 444=13? 504=16 100 AD 643=11/12 461=13 200 AD
300 AD
400 AD
500 AD
600 AD
700 AD
800 AD
900 AD
1000 AD 1046 1100 AD
1200 AD Before 1200
H4=12 CDY=34-38 458=19 1300 AD 487=12 449=28? 549=15 464c=17 576=16? CDY=36-36 1400 AD 557=13
570=19 BY17509 1500 AD Etc. 1575 391=12 CDY=33-39 438=13 A17284 1600 AD 1625 460=12; 456=15 460=12; 1660 Treece: no European origin known. Tested DF98+ in addition to BigY. 1695 576=17(!) Pitman: no European origin known. Capt. Thomas Pittman’s daughter married Joseph Wall. 1722 1734 Wall: large family with few European connections and an MRCA indicating a common ancestor in American colonial times. Includes a Wall 1700 AD CDY=34-39 1690 v 1745 claiming descent from Evan Wall (b. 1379) of Preston Hall in Lancaster and a Weyland from Stuttgart. Starr: no information. 1757 1732 1785 Todd: no information. Smith: no European origin known, but Ireland hypothesised. Novel mutation CTS7550+. Personal Genomes Project tested, helped identify 1785 1789
1810 DF98. Negative for downstream SNPs S1911, S18823 and L127. Forms unique branch of DF98. Sudasch: link to Austria, north of Vienna.
1819 v Robertson: in Robson group 2, with 37-marker match to 169566. No further information given.
1862 Watson: R1b1 family A. 109510 shown to be U106+ L48-. Several 37-marker matches. Possible descendants of Lord Jonathan Watson (1702, 1841 1791 England - 1759), but needs confirmation from family. 1800 AD 1851 Endres: family from Ollmuth in Germany, east of Luxembourg. Results no longer available. 1865 v Quintero: family from Tenerife, no further information given. v v LeCapitaine: a noble family from Grez-Doiceau, south-east of Brussels, in Walloon. Harp: no European origin known. FGC Long-Read pilot test underway. Reeve: traces to a Thomas Reeve (1611), origin identified as England by Y-37 match to #41599 (Reeves DNA project group #05). False v positive match to Bird group R1b IV, which is R-DF27. 1900 AD Agee: origin unknown (STR source: Terry DNA project). ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 67 111 67 67 111 111 111 111 67 111 67 67 111 111 111 67 111 67 67 111 111 111 111 67 111 37 67 111 67 67 67 67 vv ------BigY BigY - - - - BigY - BigY - -BigY - - - -BigY - U106 BigY BigY BigY BigY - BigY M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C M M M 330532 76056 20752 331088 414284 316047 97987 212614 317232 N7324 13035 133480 2000 AD 66849 M M M M M M M 435409 318507 159028 N49453 373609 224096 (Ellis) 349310 M M C C C C C C C C C C 529513 C C 147392 (Ellis) 147392 166663 71473 B105877 22654 542531 544698 89950 100769 75848 H1112 Gunter Barnes Hull Patrick Barron } } } Sudravskiy Warburton Ray Warburton Ray BarabaraHowell Howell Dutton MikeDutton PA } VA
BigY KellyParks Neely
Stephen Neely 607=14 BigY MRCA: CTS11041 + archaeological data: 2000 BC Present in S1894 and 2156 BC Est: circa 2000 BC S1911 25912283 T→TT S10621 but not FGC13445 2808 BC - 1537 BC
1900 BC R-FGC13445
R-S10621 511=11 BigY MRCA: + archaeological data: Phylogeny of R-DF98>S1911>S1894 1800 BC S1900/CTS10465 1860 BC Est: circa 1800 BC S1894 552=25? 2536 BC - 1227 BC 1700 BC - Lab S4004, FGC14818 - - I7196 1600 BC 456=15; 712=19? Olalde BY650 1500 BC (2018) etal. FGC14823 FGC14758 1400 BC FGC14769 FGC14776 BigY MRCA: BigY MRCA: 1300 BC 1454 BC 1451 BC FGC14787 2218 BC - 668 BC 2168 BC -763 BC + archaeological data: + archaeological data: 1200 BC Page 8 Page 9 CDY=38-38 Est: circa 1400 BC Est: circa 1400 BC BigY MRCA: S1903 Mexican 1k Genomes participant NA19738 is in this clade Olalde et al. (2018) 1360 BC 464=14-15-16-17 I7196 2130 BC - 605 BC S1907 1100 BC Únetice burial + archaeological data: S4004 but exact Prague-Jinonice (“Zahradnictví”, Prague 5) Est: circa 1300 BC location uncertain Date of burial est. at 2100-1700 BC 1000 BC Alex Williamson reports from The Genome of the the Fastq file: Netherlands project Z304+ identifies two individuals S1911+ (one read) who are S1903+ S1907+. 900 BC S1894+ (one read)
6632899 BigY MRCA: 800 BC ~722 BC A685 (1524 BC - 18 AD) FGC14814 BigY MRCA: 17238837 700 BC FGC14816 576=16? H4=10 ~646 BC 22761447 FGC14817 (1374 BC - 13 BC) 600 BC FGC14830 FGC14831 FGC14840 710=35 500 BC BigY MRCA: ~573 BC (1234 BC - 6 AD) 385=11-15; 458=18 400 BC A14202 No SNP testing but likely connection BigY MRCA: near this position 389i=14 ~480 BC 459=9-9 300 BC (1114 BC - 93 AD) 460=10 Connection 444=13? to this tree needs 495=17 confirmation 505=11 from SNP 200 BC 385=11-16 710=35 552=21 tests 464d=16 716=27 576=16 589=11 594=9 712=19? 100 BC 542=29 532=14 1 AD 385=10-15 531=12 100 AD 537=11 710=36 463=25 532=14 200 AD 504=16 510=16
461=11 Z34075 A7207; BY17481; .. BY174868 - Lab 300 AD A7195 .. A7205 - - 17303451 6DRIF-3 22271872 447=24 BY17482 .. BY17490; F2557 BY17490; .. BY17482 22362378 533=13
400 AD Martiniano 712=19? 532=12 BigY MRCA: ~527 AD 500 AD (223BC-1081AD)
et al. (2016) etal. 391=10 390=25 389ii=28 600 AD 458=18 385b=15 449=30 389i=12 H4=10 CDY=37-37? Exact 607=13 Surnames historically
connection CDYa=35 MRCA: BigY 700 AD MRCA: BigY 578=8 located between unclear - 439=13 557=14 Perthshire's Highland Line 570=18 NGS 464c=16 534=14 and North Yorkshire 464d=18 test 710=25 SNP MRCA: ~839 AD A7206 510=18 Martiniano et al. (2016) (e.g. BigY) 638=12 (127AD-1357AD) 13804586 800 AD 392=14 461=13 6DRIF-3 or 445=13 BY17455
464d=18 (1208AD-1886AD) ~1658AD; STR MRCA: ~1317 AD
~903 AD; (269AD-1377AD) AD; ~903 463=23 617=9 Late Roman-era burial YCAII=18-23 Y-111 (1075AD-1600AD) … 6 Driffield Terrace, York. needed 525=11 BY17466 900 AD 714=27 715=23 Educated guess: 716=27 510=18 MRCA between 549=12 Autosomal analysis indicates 6DRIF-3 800 AD and 1300 AD 712=23/24 was probably born in Great Britain, 1000 AD and that his ancestry was from a native Celtic population. He was a gladiator, so it is not clear whether he A13232 came from outside the bounds of the A13234
Roman Empire in Great Britain. 1140 1100 AD A13236 A13237? Alex Williamson reports from BigY MRCA: ~1102 AD the Fastq file: 1200 AD (549AD-1500AD) S4004+, FGC14814+ STR MRCA: ~1308 AD FGC14823+ 534=16 (1090AD-1526AD) FGC14814 nc, FGC14816+, FGC14817+ 446=14 1300 AD BigY MRCA: STR MRCA: FGC14830 nc, FGC14831 nc ~1114 AD ~1381 AD FGC14840 nc (607AD-1471AD) (1184AD-1579AD) STR MRCA: ~1337AD 447=26 (1108-1554) STR MRCA: STR MRCA: 390=23 A13237? A13235, A13233, 1400 AD ~1585 AD ~1500 AD (1457AD-1714AD) 1450 STR MRCA: 607=16; 570=18 607=16; STR MRCA: ~1475 AD ~1523 AD STR MRCA: (1365AD-1681AD) (1320AD-1705AD) ~1544 AD BigY MRCA: BigY MRCA: STR MRCA: ~1231 AD (1391AD-1697AD) ~1658 AD (796AD-1557AD) Est. after 1500 AD 712=19 (97.5% prob. 1520 STR MRCA: 1550 AD CDY=37-38 1565
385=12-14; 570=17; 594=9; 492=14 594=9; 570=17; 385=12-14; after 1207AD) ~1650 AD 617=11 (1550AD-1750AD) STR MRCA:
511=11(!) 1611 ~1630 AD 1618 710=33; 712=18 710=33; Aberdeen → Tyrone 1628 (97.5% prob 1600 AD CDYb=39 After ~1609 1640
after 1200 AD 1640 1650
Plantation of Ulster CDY=36-39 447=27; CDYa=37 447=27; 570=17(?!) 1677 1660 549=12 1680 1680 1700 1700 1720 1720 1720 1720 1710 1723 1730 1730 1695 1735 1744 1761 1721 1765 1750 A10=12; 463=23; 650=20; 552=24 650=20; 463=23; A10=12; 1765 1765 464c=15 1734 1700 AD 1764 1745 1750 534=16 1777 439=14; 449=27; ; 570=19; 534=16; 714=26 534=16; ;570=19; 449=27; 439=14; 1769 476=17 1771 1765 1776 1799 1775 1780 1790 1790
1786 1731 1770 1802 1771 1790 1780 447=27; 570=19 447=27; 439=12 458=18; H4=10 458=18; 389i=14; 458=18; CDYb=39 458=18; 389i=14; 1785 1790 1771 1825 570=16 1780 1785 439=12; 456=15; 446=14 456=15; 439=12; 1805 1812 1821 1804 458=18; 710=33; 714=27 710=33; 458=18; v 1814 1819 1832 1819 1840 1832 1832 H4=10;446=14 1856 1868 1801 1860 1819
1800 AD 1865 1878 456=15; 576=18 456=15; 1855 449=28; 570=16 449=28; CDY=37-37 464c=15 v v v 570=17 v vv v vv v 447=26 v vv v 1910 vvv 1900 AD v v vv v v vv v ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 111 111 67 67 111 67 67 111 67 67 67 67 37 37 111 111 67 67 111 111 67 67 111 111 111 67 111 37 67 67 37 37 67 111 67 67 67 67 37 67 111 111 37 111 111 67 67 111 37 111 67 111 111 67 111 67 111 111 111 67 67 67 67 111 67 67 67 67 67 67 111 111 111 67 111 67 111 67 67 67 67 111 67 67 67 111 111 67 67 67 111 111 67 111 67 111 67 111 111 67 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 67 67 67 111 111 111 67 67 67 67 67 67 111 111 111 111 67 67 - BigY ------BigY - - - - BigY - - U106 - - U106 - - - - BigY - - - BigY ------BigY BigY - - U106 Z156 - - BigY BigY DF98 BigY - BigY BigY BigY Z306 - Z156 BY20153 - - - - - Z306 BigY BigY BigY BigY Z305 BigY ------BigY - BigY - - - - BigY Pack - - - - - M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M C M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 77959 C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C M M M M M M M 211840 131586 126669 303258 256545 95568/UDBKR 108654 229483 177374 128147 - 140787 - - - - - 260728 - N27793 81616 303716 - - 150706 - 298303 54963 - 199259 48642 N63129 (Frankstone) N5642 3869 203544 N76266 189292/VTCF2 131933 56051 46438 322971 374497 284962 62539 624446 207968 235937/A7HRR 28991 69910 234245/PG82F 161432 4650t6 - - 183182 15823/JYGF7 29045 210675 90927 264060 N38221 6042/9WS44 66SRV M M M M 2000 AD M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 196527 84568 226750 3894 - 208337 - 421038 290899 290937 463014 222890 383404 29033 213700 153351 407461 106882 69060 265681 2NY8P/71392 - - - 110573 E11730 E13866 E13858 69561/AW8GX M } B. C C C C C Ba. C C Ha.n Ha.s Ga. Bl. Wa. Sh. C. Bi. C C C C C C A. B. We. Wr. Wi. C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C Fl. C 226590 108495/295T6 141968 (McArthur) 141968 308345 339632 40641 21623 M Fo. N30155 N10310 64019 86356 1543/ZD7BZ 109129 273072 7C9BT/120386 146010 N115533 86205 181997 (Barnes) 551145 584862 284744 365182 457939 44268 278252 80157 N6918/93UC5 729371 57895 83697 Washabaugh C } Henderson Henry Kincardineshire Alley Mc. } } St. Clair St. Doty - } Henderson Meeker Pattison Mikel [Unknown] Bloomer Dunn Price } Henderson Davis } Brooks Ha. Hennin PierreSage Barnwell } } KarlGustafsson Andersson Price (Asberg) Larsson } } Staples JillianDubois S Bagge Weaver Lowry Black } CharlieWeaver } VA SC KY } } Beckwith Felix FerreFelix Ferre ElaineBouscher Via McKenzie tinissen Miller Germán McKenzie Germán Jeff Graham (Mikhoyel Basherives) (Mikhoyel Graham Jeff } Graham Ewing Jelly Bates Robert Ewing - BigY - Ewing Robert David Ewing (admin) Ewing David } Robert Rattray-Wood Robert Rattray HalRattray Wilder Brothers Lawrence Wayne Thompson Wayne Thompson } Durham MichelleGordon BillLawrence } } Don Hansen Don Jarman David Frankstone David German) (John Lyles Bess } Admin: Steve St. Clair SteveSt. Admin: Donald Helen St. Clair HelenSt. Colin Donald Colin Edwina Bannister Edwina Iain McDonald Iain Aberdeenshire DaleCarolPattison & Clapp Captain Wilson Erki Vaino Erki Paul Mize Paul (tantalus14) Maynard Creamer Nancy Wallace Dorothy Lile Hadden Nathaniel MikeHenderson Hugh Henderson Hugh }
Annie Crenshaw Blairgowrie Lyle Edin.
Ian Hadden Berkshire Michael Hadden
Aberdeenshire/ Kincardineshire v v Bagge: “In 1565, nobleman Hans Persson Bagge, from Mikel: no European origin known. Jelly: traces to Albury in Surrey. Donald: multiple origins of the surname exist in Aberdeenshire. This instance traces to the parish of Fintray on a 1791 Ferre: from Poltou-Charentes; no dates given. Stinissen: Kranenburg (DE, 1660). Likely original surname Augustinus (1611). Bagogufvud [Bagghufvud] family, moved to [Sweden Pattison: ancestor Edward Pattison, b. c. 1761 Long Newton, Co. Durham, fl. 1841 in Morton-on-Swale, Yorks. where the census records him as being born in the same county. This may be a Bates: thought to have origins in Norwich. 110573 is from Oklahoma. marriage record. Nearby households of Donalds appear to be R-P312. A 12-marker match (Colin Donald) is found in Ewing: descendants of (?)John Ewing, b. 1695. Ewing group 4c. [Ha.]: extensively SNP tested; GEDCOM extends to 1723, listed MDKA to 1780. from Norway], and his descendants in the XVII century bad record. Doty: Aberdeen, implying an origin before c. 1721. A second match (270372) has been found, tracing to Alnwick in Henderson: need to source information. [Unknown]: stated as adopted. settled down in Estonia.” St. Clair: thought to be French (Norman?) in origin. Meeker: Northumberland. The surname first recorded in Aberdeenshire in the 1430s. Brothers: traces to Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffs. Davis: L48-. No known origin outside America. Tests 96052 and 124642 show ancestral (1775) CDY=38-38. Henderson (62539): no further information. Rattray: the surname has been extant near Blairgowrie, in Angus, since c. 1165 (see also GZ3HV, UMGMK). This line probably is not to be the direct descendancy of the Rattrays (see also Hennin/Denain: this is the lineage of part of the Maison de Hennin, originating from (modern spelling) Hainin in western Walloon, Belgium. The three branches shown probably have a common Hadden: This family traces back to Co. Tyrone in Ireland. However, they have a 19th C record of a relative going back Black: “Long Hills, Ireland”. Location not identifiable. Also kits N31804 (12 markers) and 72338 Brooks: Traced to Georgia, no European origin known. Henry: KY family, no European origins. (FV3JP?)). However it does represent a sizeable proportion of them. Two other 67-/111-marker tests are known matches. Attempts have been made to contact thee individuals without success. ancestor in Jean (the Bastard) Haynin, born circa 1360, a cousin of Innocent Denain from whom comes the direct branch of the house (Branch of Bry). The two are unrelated, and while it appears to Aberdeen, home of his "old, old ancestors". The Haddens who remained in Aberdeen founded a powerful (37 markers, “Scotland”). Dunn: no European origin known. The Rattray DNA project takes the default position of respecting privacy over freedom of information. as though the Branch of Bry represents the true descent of the line’s origin (Etienne de Denain, b. c. 1140), it is possible that this branch is the true descent. manufacturing industry, and their descendants emigrated to New York. Kit 256545 traces back to Banchory Devenick, Washabaugh: no further information. Lowry: no ancestral origin known before emigration. Group #3 (“Coral”) in the Lowery project. The Y-Search ID Henderson: no UK origin is known for these families. Henderson project family K1. just south of Aberdeen. It is presumed that all Haddens within Aberdeenshire and Kincardineshire are related. Wilson: no origin known before emigration to US. PM: family Bible links #181997 to Edinburgh. E7JSY gives 76 STRs, but it is not clear whose test this is. Earliest likely match is to Alexander Lowery (~1765- Lyles: three American branches of this family are known and have been well tested. No UK origin is known, though the surname does have distinct pockets throughout the country which vary in Clapp: no further information known - no successful contact. The family name is historically associated with Devon, RB: #551145 traces to Edinburgh. ~1840) #N8934 (Y-12 only). spelling. The Lyles variant is concentrated around Stevenage and Wakefield. F2735-. though this tester’s modern variant (Clamp) is concentrated in Derbyshire. Graham: 77959 traces back to Antrim. Also 54963 @ 37 markers. Jarman: no ancestral origin before Maryland. A German origin seems unlikely, so the etymology is likely Thompson: origins in Chatton, Northumberland. Tests completed with Geno 2.0, 23andMe and FTDNA. L128-, sole positive for F2735. Chromo2: S1911+, S1894+, S1900=CT10465+, S4004+. Bess: this family has no known UK origin, probably due to lack of records in the American Civil War. The surname Barnwell: possibly Barnhill. Origin listed as "Ireland". 111 marker matches to Barnell and a associated with jars. A possible Welsh or Kentish origin has been suggested. Beckwith: test of Richard J. Beckwith Sr. (1939- 2011). This DNA sample does not match other Beckwith lines that are available (QGW8J). A Norman descent is claimed for this line, but we has a strong concentration in Devon. descendant of Thomas Fleming (1771-1831) of Peebles-shire, not listed on public project. There Bloomer: From Birmingham. Also uses surname Lucas. have been unable to verify it. Much of the early work comes from "The Beckwiths" (Paul Beckwith, 1891, Joel Munsell & sons, Albany, NY). Many details of this work have been discredited, Lawrence: this family has no known UK origin, but appears to have several instances, mostly in England. A exists a 67-marker match claiming to be a Barnwell of Bourton on Dunsmore, Warwickshire. A Miller: no ancestral origin known before emigration. Also listed on the Ellis project with no ancestral information. including by “Beckwith Notes” (A.C. & E.S. Beckwith, 1899-1906). The link between this family and the families mentioned in PB’s work is dubious. Key points in the claimed ancestry include: Lawrencekirk exists near Aberdeen. 67-marker match to a Shires family also exists. Weaver: no known UK origins, but presumed English or anglicised Scots. Thomas Beckwith (1840-1913; 3 gen), farmer in Mississippi City (NB: differing wives/children); Sir Marmaduke Beckwith (3rd Bt.; 1687-1771; 7 gen); Arthur Beckwith (1615-1642; 10 gen); Price: no origin known before emigration to US. Larsson: descended from iron workers of Åsbro, in central Sweden. Thomas Beckwith (1432-1495; 17 gen); Lord Hamon Beckwith (b. 1336; 22 gen); Sir Hercules de Malbisse (m. Lady Dame Beckwith Bruce, of that ilk; 25 gen); John de Malbisse (b. 989, Andersson: farmers→merchants from Österåker, near Stockholm. Normandy; 29 gen). Alley: descent claimed from John Alley 1460-1506, Wycombe. While we have no particular reason to doubt this lineage, its ancient nature means we must be more rigorous. We have yet to find any corroborating evidence that this lineage is correct. Staples: no European ancestry known. Further 37-marker DNA matches to McDaniel. Possible further 67-marker match to Hickman (38N4A). Via: L48-. No European ancestry known. All individuals descend via Gideon Via’s son John. DF98 confirmed (probable: )
S1911 S18823 Geographical Distribution
S22069 S10621 S1894 “DF98*” 8461920 FGC13445 FGC13333 M6509 S11739 Aijala DESCRIPTION TRIBAL ORIGINS BY650 S10162 Displayed on this map are the testers with known European origins. In some Determining an origin for a population such as this requires accurate S4004 FGC FGC S8350 cases, these are not known at a country or regional level, where they are shown knowledge of the foundation of that population, which we do not have. Our M8963 “14-25” S9767 15238 Wettin 14758 13813336 ZS1981 bracketted without bold font. Where more-detailed information is known, or best estimate for the foundation of our cluster lies around 2300 BC: the FGC S23139 can be surmised from testers with (near-)identical DNA tests, these are marked uncertainty in such estimates depends most strongly on the small number of 14814 FGC S1903 ZS7400 FGC A685 15239 with symbols. The colour of the surname and symbol corresponds to the SNPs which we count to derive this age, giving an uncertainty of +/- about 400 S12647 “16-9-9” FGC31961 14840 A7195 SNP-tested levels on the phylogenic tree. years to the age of DF98. The SNP chain we investigate runs as follows: M269 Swedish > L51 > L23 > L11 > P311 > U106 > Z381 > Z156 > Z306 > Z304 > DF98. BIASES The third millenium BC was a time of considerable change in Europe. Sylte The distribution of cluster members is strongly affected by testing biases. A P311 is now generally thought to have arrived in from the western former much larger fraction of the ancestral British population have tested than Soviet Union (possibly the Ukraine or western Russia), around 3000 BC. Bilbenele elsewhere in Europe, due to large uptake in former British colonies like the Ancient DNA evidence shows no substantial U106 populations in western USA. Similarly, relatively few people from France and from Eastern Europe Europe around 2300 BC, suggesting its origin in north-central Europe. DF98 is Andersson have tested compared to the size of their populations. We must bear these contemporary with the Unetice culture, although we cannot authoritatively Muren biases in mind when inferring anything from these distributions. state that it arose within it. Other places of origin are still quite possible, and Svennerudeie further results (particularly archaeological DNA) should be able to provide us Trulsson Andersson Sele DISTRIBUTION with further answers in the future. Bagge Despite these biases, two main population groups are visible in the data. The Arrival of DF98 to western Europe and the British Isles was probably Larsson first is a British group, where S1894 dominates. Many Irish families were significantly later, perhaps with the Tumulus culture of the late second planted there during the early 17th century. Indeed, several families have millennium BC. Given the prevalence of British clusters of tests with Persson documentary evidence of this plantation. convergence ages around 1000 years ago, there seems to be a significant The second major group is German in origin, and includes the House of Norman contingent to the DF98 tests of the British Isles. Wettin itself. This group is concentrated on the Rhine valley between Frankfurt GoNL and the Swiss border, but extends north into central Germany. We identify the Worms-Mainz-Heidelburg area as a tentative origin, but lack sufficient SNP Larsson testing of the German lines to confirm this. There is a strong S18823 presence here, particularly S18823 > S22069 > M6509 presence here. A mixture of unusual lineages also appears in Scandinavia, which may Larmuseau represent ancient migrations (e.g. FGC13333) or recent movements (e.g S4004). et al. (2017)
Svishchev
Sudravskiy Jacques
Sudasch Dobi Roth
Ebersberg
Chaudron Ferre (Pogosyan)
Temmer
Balasquide
Prieto
Arboleda
Salamone
Quintero (Tenerife) DF98 confirmed (probable: )
S1911 S18823
S22069 S10621 S1894 “DF98*” FGC13445 FGC51008 FGC13333 M6509 S11739 BY650 S10162 S4004 FGC FGC S8350 M8963 “14-25” S9767 15238 Wettin 14758 13813336 ZS1981 FGC S23139 14814 FGC S1903 ZS7400 FGC A685 15239 S12647 “16-9-9” FGC31961 14840 A7195
McKenzie
Genetics of the Netherlands project Decker Duncan Holstein
Donald Webster Hadden
Rattray
Falconer Goudsblom Downie Larmuseau et al. (2017) Dean Ballinn Hamilton Wilson
Neely Fleming Thompson Templeton Graham van der Merwe Stinissen Koch Wettin
Keys Gibson Trautmann Riley Gibson Sander Kramer Armstrong LeCapitaine van Welden Roedell Pattison Hainin Brachtli Bapst Keuper Maher Driffield Warnier Terrace
Egan Wall? Hill Kolb
Oppenheimer Endres Bowes Finkel Roth Dutton Rees Riehm Upton Warburton Drabold Winter Inniger Knaupp Brothers Kiefer Harmon
Bates Barnwell Bloomer Marsh
Jordan Capell Willmott Norton Shearin Alley Butler Weeks Maddox Forman Miville-Lesuisse Wilder Jelly Lehman
Yates Bailey Kidder Nancarrow