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Quantitative and Qualitative Identification of Phytochemical Constituents of Sida Rhombifolia Leaves Extract

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Quantitative and Qualitative Identification of Phytochemical Constituents of Sida Rhombifolia Leaves Extract International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-2S4, July 2019 Quantitative and Qualitative identification of Phytochemical Constituents of Sida rhombifolia leaves extract Anooj E.S, Amrutha T.M, M.Charumathy, Lekshmi Gangadhar belongs to the Malvaceae native to the new world tropics and climatic zone. It’s usually referred to as arrow leaf Sida, Abstract: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, jellyleaf etc. S. Rhombifolia might be somewhat erect woody, anti-arthritic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, hypoglycaemic variable yearly or perpetual bush concerning 1.5 meters high and hepatoprotective characteristics of Sida rhombifolia with harsh branches and symmetrical hairs. Leaves region unit are included in the Malvaceae family. Most of the plant frightfully factor in get along to 5mm by 18mm, short petiole, belongs to the Malvaceae family, as they comprise a rhomboid-lanceolate to pointed, unpleasant towards the most number of phytochemicals and biological compounds, are astounding, whole towards the base. The blossoming and potential sources of different medications. This is study on develop inside the plant start from september to december. Sida rhombifolia leaf extract's tophytochemical constituen Blossoms are yellow or white, axillary, lone or two by two. ts. Phytochemical screening results in herbal stan-dardizat The leaves are decreased on the blooming branches. The ion and preparation and may relate the components to thei natural products are discouraged, globose, schizocarpic, r medicinal / pharmacological uses. The qualitative encased inside the curl, isolating into one-seeded indehiscent phytochemical analysis has shown that the extract is unit. Seeds are dark and wash [2]. positive for saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols and same extract is negative for carbohydrate, tannins, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, coumarins, steroid& phytosteroids, phlobutanins, anthraquinones. Kingdom: Plantae Quantitative analysis of phytochemicals includes the Division: Tracheophyta estimation of flavonoid, tannin and total content of phenol. Class: Mangnaliopsida Order: Malvales The result suggest that the Sida rhombifolia leaves extract Family: Malvaceae consist plenty of phytochemicals beneficial in alternative Genus: Sida Species: Sida rhombifolia medical and pharmaceutical industries. Linn. Index Terms: Sida rhombifolia, Malvaceae, Phytochemicals, Phytochemical analysis. Figure1: Sida rhombifolia I. INTRODUCTION Sida rhombifolia is asserted for the treatment of various dise Head ases such as rheumatism, seminal weakness and diarrhoea[3] One of the two hundred species in the Sida genus is Sida rho . Sida rhombifolia is far used for treating ulcers, mbifolia (Figure 1).It was discovered in warm and humid are inflammation, swellings and ant nociceptive[4]. as and dispersed all over the tropics [1]. Sida rhombifolia S.rhombifoliais thought for its great choice of meditative uses. This plant's infusion is used locall y to treat skin illnesses and infected wounds[5].The roots are Revised Manuscript Received on July 05, 2019. used to treat rheumatism and abdomen illnesses, digestive d Dr. M. Charumathy, 2Assistant Professor, Department of rawback, infectious disease, chickenpox, blood purification Biochemistry, Marudhar Kesari Jain College For and tiredness[6]headache and migraine headache (fruits), Women,Vaniyambadi -635751, Tamilnadu, India , [email protected] fever, infection with gum, inflammation, tonsillitis, cuts, inju Amrutha T.M, Department of Nanotechnology, Noorul Islam ries and ophthalmia[7]. Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil, Kanya kumari District. The infusion of dried leaf of S. Tamilnadu, India rhombifolia is used for Anooj E.S, Lekshmi Gangadhar, Xcellogen Biotech INDIA Pvt Ltd, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu, India,[email protected] diabetes, chest pain and Published By: Retrieval Number: B10780782S419/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B1078.0782S419 403 & Sciences Publication Quantitative and Qualitative identification of Phytochemical Constituents of Sida rhombifolia leaves extract diarrhoea on oral administration. The sample was filtered after extraction using whatmann's fil S.rhombifolia showed many pharmacological operations, inc ter paper. The filtered thus obtained was cool and luding antibacterial ones, antifungal, anti-arthritic, anti- concentrated to dryness. Then dry leaf powder (100gm) was inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, anti-diabetic, wound healing, placed in 300ml of ethyl acetate for added 24 hours in hypotensive, nephrotoxicity, anti-malarial, antioxidant, maceration. After 24 hours mixed and then filtered thus hepatoprotective [8]. The World Health Organization obtained was cooled and concentrated to dryness. Then dry (WHO) presently inspires, recommends and powder of leaves in (100gm) was placed 300ml of ethanol for encourages traditional remedies in health care plans 24hours maceration. After 24hours mixed and filtered thus as they're simply obtainable at low value, relatively harmless obtained to cool. Then the extraction mixture was filtered and and traditionally common[9]. red concentrated of distilling unit. Then its residues were The plant growths leads to the production various chemical weighed and kept in bottle to use phytochemical and other compounds are called phytochemicals and refer as biological screening methods. Then collected to filtrate. “secondary metabolites” that consist, flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarins, tannins, phenols, phlobatannins, anthraquinones, 2.3 Qualitative Phytochemical Tests: terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, steroid and phytosteroid [10]. It is known that the phytochemical compounds identified have 2.3.1 Test for carbohydrate: medicinal significance. Alkaloids have been recorded as Added to 2ml of leaf extract 1ml of molish reagent potent poisons, for instance, and many alkaloids from and a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid, appearance medicinal plants demonstrate biological activities such as of purple or reedish shading demonstrates the presence of antispasmodic and pharmacological impacts antimalarial, carbohydrate.Fehling A 1ml and Fehling B 1ml boiled for 10 antimicrobial m inutes, presence of reddish darker (brown) shading. cytotoxicity,anti-inflammatory[11].Similarly, steroids derive 2.3.2 Test for tannins: d from plants are known to have cardiotonic impacts and als Added to 1ml of leaf extract and 2ml of 5% ferric o have antibacterial and insecticide properties [12]. Because chloride lead to the appearance of dark greenish or dull blue of their well-known biological activities, they are very often shows the conformation of tannins. used in drugs. 2.3.3 Test for saponins: According to research, tannins have antibacterial actions, ant In a graduated flask, 2ml of distilled water was add itumor and antiviral [ 13 ]. Other phytochemicals called resp ed to 2ml of leaf extract and shaken for 15 minutes.Appeara iratory glycosides were handled for congestive heart failure nce of 1cm layer of a lather shows the conformation of and cardiac arrhythm. [14]. saponins. The medical uses S.rhombifolia lies within the bioactive components, that shows diverse physiological properties, 2.3.4 Test for flavonoids: could be detected through phytochemical analyses[15]. Added 1ml of 2N sodium hydroxide to 2ml of leaf Therefore, the aim of this study to identifying qualitative and extract. Yellow shading appearance shows the existence of fl quantitativephotochemistry from the leaf extract of Sida avonoids. rhombifolia. Phytochemical studies help in standardization of 2.3.5 Test for alkaloids: herbal preparation and understanding the importance of Added to 2ml of leaf extract 2ml of concentrated H phytoconstitients in terms of their medical uses. CL. At that point, few drops of Mayer's reagent were added, the appearance of green or white precipitate shows the alkal II. MATERIALS AND METHODS oid conformation. 2.1 Sample Preparation: 2.3.6 Test for quinones: The blossoming plant of Sida rhombifolia leaves Added 1ml of concentrated sulphuric acid to 1ml of leaf extr were gathered from street sides and around the Vellore locale, act. A red color appearance indicates the existence of quinon Tamil nadu during December, 2018 .The sample was es. authenfied from botanical survey of India. 2.3.7 Test for phenol: Thoroughly washed the leaves with tap water,After which w Mixed with 1ml of leaf extract and a few drops of phenol Ci ashedwith refined water. ocalteacus reagent followed by a few drops of 15% sodium c Air dried and grounded to coarse powder at that stage and pl arbonate. Blue (or) green appearance. aced away in an impermeable compartment. 2.3.8 Test for glycosides: 2.2 Sequential Extraction: Sida rhombifolia leaves about (100gm) of sample and 300ml of hexane for extraction kept for 24 hours. Published By: Retrieval Number: B10780782S419/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B1078.0782S419 404 & Sciences Publication International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-2S4, July 2019 Adding 3ml of chloroform and 10% ammonia soluti of 1 M sodium hydroxide was added to the response mixture. on to 2ml of leaf extract contributes to the formation of pink The reaction mixture was carried to 2.5ml distilled water and colour shows appearance of glycosides.. blended well. The absorbance was immediately evaluated by the spectrometer at 510 2.3.9 Test for cardiac glycosides: nm.A calibration curve
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