Muscles and of the

Musculoskeletal Block

Anatomy Practical team - Med 439

1 the information in this file is based on the things that was given during practical sessions along with doctors’ notes

To ensure your grade on each question : 1-Make sure your SPELLING is correct 2-Make sure you write the FULL name or location of the object precisely

2 Pectoral region Origin clavicular head: medial ½ of the front of . Sternocostal head: lateral border of sternum, upper 6 costal cartilages & aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle

Insertion Lateral lip of of

Nerve supply Lateral & Medial pectoral nerves

Action - Adduction + medial rotation of . - Clavicular head helps in flexion of arm (shoulder) Pectoralis Major

Origin Ribs 3, 4, 5 close to their costal cartilages

Insertion of the

Nerve supply Medial pectoral nerve

Action - Depression of the shoulder - Drawing the ribs upwards & outwards during deep inspiration. Pectoralis Minor Broken and torn subclavius muscle

Subclavius Serratus Anterior

Origin Junction of 1st rib with its Origin Upper eight ribs costal cartilage Insertion Anterior aspect of the medial border Insertion Subclavian groove at middle ⅓ and inferior angle of scapula of inferior surface of clavicle Nerve supply Long thoracic nerve Nerve supply Nerve to subclavius Action - Draws the scapula forward Action Fixes the clavicle during - Rotates scapula outward in movement of raising the arm above 90 degrees Shoulder region Teres minor below the infraspinatus + the long head of triceps is between teres minor and major

Deltoid Teres minor Teres major

Origin Lateral 1/3 of clavicle , & spine of The lateral (Axillary) border of scapula scapula Origin

Insertion of the humerus Insertion of the Medial lip of bicipital humerus groove of humerus Nerve supply Axillary nerve Nerve supply Axillary nerve Lower supscalper nerve Anterior fibers: medial rotation & flexion Action Middle fibers: Abduction (15-90) Posterior fibers: lateral rotation,extension Action Lateral rotation of humerus medial rotation ,extension, All these actions of humerus adduction of humerus ﻛﻠﮭم ﻻﺻﻘﯾن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌظم ﻧﻔﺳﮫ

Subscapularis Supraspinatus infraspinatus

Origin Subscapular fossa of the scapula Origin Supraspinous fossa of the Infraspinous fossa of the scapula scapula Insertion of the humors Insertion Greater tubercle of the humors

Lower and upper subscapular nerve Nerve supply Nerve supply Suprascapular nerve

Action Medial rotation Action Abduction (0-15) of humerus Lateral rotation of humerus

Identify this part of , and what is the muscle attached to? Muscles of the arm Anterior of Arm

Short head

Long head

In the same origin with short Brachii head of Brachialis Coracobrachialis Biceps 2 heads: Origin - long head → supraglenoid tubercle of scapula - short head → coracoid process of scapula Origin Tip of coracoid Origin Front of the lower half of process of scapula humerus Posterior part of the + into the Insertion deep fascia, medial of through bicipital Insertion Middle of the medial Insertion Anterior surface of aponeurosis side of humerus shaft coronoid process of Nerve Musculocutaneous nerve Nerve supply musculocutaneous supply nerve Nerve supply Musculocutaneous & Radial nerves - Strong supinator of forearm Action - Flexor of shoulder Action - Powerful flexor of - Weak adductor of Action Strong flexor of the - Weak flexor of shoulder arm forearm Posterior of Arm

supraglenoid= long head of biceps Triceps Brachii Infraglenoid= long head of triceps

3 heads: Long head → of scapula Origin Lateral head → posterior upper half of humerus shaft (above spiral groove) Medial head → posterior lower half of humerus shaft (below spiral groove)

Insertion upper surface of the process of ulna

Nerve supply Radial nerve

Action Strong extensor of the elbow joint

The spiral groove separates the humerus to two halves: above “Lateral head”, Below “Medial head” 12 Muscles of the forearm Notes to memorize the insertion of the muscles

Digitorum Pollicis Digiti minimi Carpi

Insert in phalanges Insert in the base of Insert in the Insert in metacarpal of medial 4 fingers phalanx of thumb little finger bones

Superficialis Profundus Longus Ulnaris Radialis

Insert in fifth Insert in second or Specifically in Specifically in Specifically in the metacarpal third metacarpal middle distal phalanges base of distal bone “Ulnaris= bone “= phalanges of of medial 4 phalanx of thumb medial 4 fingers fingers medial” lateral” Muscles of the Forearm (flexors)

Flexor carpi Flexor carpi Pronator Teres Palmaris longus radialis ulnaris

Common flexor origin Origin (front of medial epicondyle) Important

Base of 2nd Flexor retinaculum Pisiform, hook of Middle of lateral Insertion metacarpal and palmar hamate & base of surface of radius bone aponeurosis 5th metacarpal

Nerve Median nerve Ulnar nerve supply

Flexion & Flexes (wrist) & Flexion and Pronation & Action abduction of tightens the palmar adduction of the flexion of forearm wrist aponeurosis hand (wrist)

Flexor carpi ulnaris has* ﻣﺎ راح ﺗوﺻل ﻟﻠﮭﺎﻧد ﻋﺷﺎن ﺗﻘدر ﺗﺳوي two heads one is at اﻟـ pronation common flexor origin, the second is at the olecranon process Muscles of the Forearm (flexors)

راح ﺗﻛون ﺗﺣت اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺿﻼت اﻟﻠﻲ اﻧذﻛرت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺳﻼﯾد اﻟﻠﻲ ﻓﺎت

Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus (deep)

Multiple heads originating from common flexor Origin In Front of ulna Origin origin, coronoid process of ulna and anterior

surface of radius Insertion Bases of distal phalanges of medial four digits Insertion Base of middle phalanges of the medial 4 fingers Anterior interosseous Nerve (branch of the Nerve supply Median nerve Nerve supply median nerve), medial half is supplied by the ulnar nerve Action - Flexes middle & proximal phalanges of medial 4 fingers. Action Flexes distal phalanges of medial four digits - Flexion of hand (wrist) Muscles of the Forearm (flexors) Deep

Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus

Origin In Front of radius Origin In Front of lower ¼ of ulna

Insertion Base of distal phalanx of thumb Insertion Distal ¼ of anterior surface of radius

Nerve supply Nerve supply anterior interosseous nerve ( branch of anterior interosseous nerve ( branch the median nerve ) of the median nerve ) Action - Pronator of forearm (primover) Action Flexes all joints of thumb - Holds the 2 bones together Laterally to Radial nerve Muscles of the Forearm (Extensors)

Brachioradialis

Origin Lateral supracondylar ridge of humors

Insertion base of styloid process of radius

Nerve supply radial nerve

Action flexion of forearm and midpron position

Extensor curbi radialis longus

Origin Lateral supracondylar ridge of humors

Insertion base 2 metacarpal

Nerve supply radial nerve

Action Extends and abducts hand at wrist joint Muscles of the Forearm All arises from the common extensor origin (front of lateral (Extensors) epicondyle of the humerus) Below ECRL Extensor carpi radialis brevis: Insertion : Base of 3rd base of metacarpal bone

Extensor digitorum Insertion : extensor expansion of the medial 4 fingers Extensor carpi ulnaris Insertion : base of 5th metacarpal bone

Extensor digiti minimi Insertion : extensor expansion of the little finger All innervated by deep branch of radial nerve (Posterior interosseous)

Don’t stop until you are proud.

Team Members: Team Leaders: - Duaa Alhumoudi - Mishal Althunayan - Renad Alhomaidi - Mona Alomiriny - Omar alhalabi - Bassam Alasmari - Rania Almutiri - Khalid Alosaimii - Taif Almotiri - Hadi Alhemsi - Nourah Alklaib - Nasser Alohali - Arwa Alqahtani - Norah Alasheikh - Sara Alharbi - Najd Alzahrani

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