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LESSON NOTES Beginner S1 #1 Talking About School in Persian

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LESSON NOTES Beginner S1 #1 Talking About School in Persian LESSON NOTES Beginner S1 #1 Talking About School in Persian CONTENTS 2 Persian 2 English 2 Romanization 3 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 6 Grammar 12 Cultural Insight # 1 COPYRIGHT © 2016 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PERSIAN 1. ﻓﺮﻳﺒﺎ: ﮐﻼس دﻳﺮوزت ﭼﻄﻮر ﺑﻮد؟ 2. ﻓﺮﻫﺎد: ﺑﺪ ﻧﺒﻮد وﻟﯽ ﻓﮑﺮ ﮐﻨﻢ ﺣﺬﻓﺶ ﮐﻨﻢ. 3. ﻓﺮﻳﺒﺎ: ﭼﺮا؟ ﻣﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﻧﻢ (ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻢ) ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﻢ. 4. ﻓﺮﻫﺎد: ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮﻧﻢ (ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻢ) ﺳﺮ وﻗﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻼس ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﭼﻮن ﮐﻼس ﺧﻴﻠﯽ زود ﺷﺮوع ﻣﻴﺸﻪ(ﻣﻴﺸﻮد). 5. ﻓﺮﻳﺒﺎ: ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﻧﯽ(ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﯽ)ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ ﺧﻮدت ﺑﺮی(ﺑﺮوی) ﺗﺎ زودﺗﺮ ﺑﺮﺳﯽ. 6. ﻓﺮﻫﺎد: ﻧﻪ, ﻳﻪ (ﻳﮏ) ﺳﺎﻋﺖ زﻣﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺮه (ﻣﯽ ﺑﺮد) ﺟﺎی ﭘﺎرک ﭘﻴﺪا ﮐﻨﻢ. 7. ﻓﺮﻳﺒﺎ: و ﻧﻴﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﻮﻧﺪه رو (ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪه را) ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﺮت ﺑﺰﻧﯽ. ENGLISH 1. FARIBA: How was your class yesterday? 2. FARHAD: Not bad, but I think I'll drop it. 3. FARIBA: Why? I can help you. 4. FARHAD: I can't get to the class on time because class starts too early. 5. FARIBA: You can go with your car to get there earlier. 6. FARHAD: No, it takes me an hour to find a parking space. 7. FARIBA: And you must doze off the remaining half an hour too. ROMANIZATION CONT'D OVER PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 2 1. FARIBAA: kelaas-e diroozat chetor bood? 2. FARHAAD: bad nabood, vali fekr konam hazfesh konam. 3. FARIBAA: cheraa? man mitoonam (mitavaanam) beh to komak konam. 4. FARHAAD: nemitoonam (nemitavaanam) sar-e vaght beh kelaas beresam chon kelaas kheili zood shoroo misheh (mishavad). 5. FARIBAA: mitooni (mitavaani) baa maashin-e khodet beri (beravi) taa zoodtar beresi. 6. FARHAAD: na, yeh (yek) saa'at zamaan mibareh (mibarad) jaay-e paark peidaa konam. 7. FARIBAA: Va nim saa'at-e baaghimoonda ro ham (baaghimaandeh raa ham) baayad chort bezani. VOCABULARY Persian Romanization English Class hazf kardan to drop verb ﺣﺬف ﮐﺮدن sholoogh crowded adjective ﺷﻠﻮغ daaneshgaah university noun داﻧﺸﮕﺎه jaay-e paark parking space noun ﺟﺎی ﭘﺎرک to take a nap, to chort zadan doze off verb ﭼﺮت زدن dirooz yesterday adverb دﻳﺮوز sakht hard, difficult adjective , adverb ﺳﺨﺖ zamaan bordan to take time verb زﻣﺎن ﺑﺮدن baaghimaandeh remaining adjective ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪه SAMPLE SENTENCES PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 3 ﺑﺎزار ﺑﺰرگ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺷﻠﻮغ اﺳﺖ. ﺣﺬف ﮐﺮدن ﺳﻴﮕﺎر از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻋﻤﺮ را baazaar-e bozorg-e tehraan hamisheh sholoogh ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﺪ. Hazf kardan-e sigaar az zendegi omr raa toolani ast. mikonad. Tehran's Grand Bazaar is always busy. Quitting smoking cigarettes prolongs life. (Lit. Removing cigarettes from life prolongs life.) داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آن ﻣﻐﺎزه ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺷﻠﻮغ اﺳﺖ. ا اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ. .Aan maghaaze hamishe sholoogh ast daaneshgaah-e san'ati-ye sharif behtarin That store is always crowded. daaneshgaah-e iraan ast. Sharif University of Technology is Iran's best university. ﻧﻴﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭼﺮت زدن ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻧﺎﻫﺎر ﺑﺮای ﺟﺎی ﭘﺎرک در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﮔﺮان ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ ﺧﻮب اﺳﺖ. اﺳﺖ. jaay-e paark dar markaz-e shahr kheili geraan nim sa'at chort zadan b'ad az naahaar baraay-e ast. salaamati khoob ast. Parking in downtown is too expensive. A half an hour nap after lunch is good for one’s health. اﻣﺘﺤﺎن رﻳﺎﺿﯽ ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﻮد. دﻳﺮوز ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﻮد، وﻟﯽ اﻣﺮوز ﺑﺪ .emtehaan-e riyaazi kheili sakht bood ﻧﻴﺴﺖ. dirooz kheily garm bood, vali emrooz bad nsit. The math exam was very difficult. It was very hot yesterday, but today is not bad. ﻗﻬﻮﻫﺎی ﮐﻪ از ﺻﺒﺢ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪه ﺑﻮد ﺧﻴﻠﯽ ﭘﺨﺘﻦ ﻏﺬای ﺳﺎﻟﻢ و ﺧﻮﺷﻤﺰه زﻣﺎن ﻣﻴﺒﺮد. ﺗﻠﺦ ﺑﻮد. pokhtan-e ghazaay-e saalem va khoshmazeh zamaan mibarad. ghahve-i keh az sobh baaghimaandeh bood kheili talkh bood. It takes time to cook healthy and delicious food. The coffee that was remained from morning was very bitter. VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 4 ﺳﺨﺘﻪ sakhteh "It is hard" ,sakht ,ﺳﺨﺖ ".sakht ast. It means "It is hard ,ﺳﺨﺖ اﺳﺖ is the short form of ,ﺳﺨﺘﻪ ,Sakhteh .("sakht ast, ("It is hard ,ﺳﺨﺖ اﺳﺖ = ("ast, ("is ,اﺳﺖ + ("hard") اﻳﻦ : We use this sentence when something is hard, either physically or mentally. Examples ein ,اﻳﻦ ﭼﻮب ﺳﺨﺖ اﺳﺖ ,("ein emtehan sakht bood, ("This exam was difficult ,اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﻮد choon sakht ast, ("This wood is hard"). In Persian, we use the word "hard" to describe both the hardness of solid materials and difficult subjects, but for non-solid materials (ex.fruits or candies, muscles, the tightness of a screw, clothes or shoes, the hardness of a chair or piece ,.ﮐﺒﺎب ﺳﻔﺖ ﺑﻮد :seft, which also means "hard." Example , ﺳﻔﺖ of furniture) we use the word kabaab seft bood, ("The Kebab was hard"). For example: اﻳﻦ اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﻮد .1 ein emtehaan sakht bood. "This exam was difficult." ﭼﺮت زدن chort zadan "to take a nap, to doze off" chort zadan, "to take a ,ﭼﺮت زدن = "Chort, "nap," "dozing off" + zadan, "to hit," to take," "to do nap" chort, you can use the verb, ﭼﺮت This is a colloquialism, which native speakers use. As for chort zadan ("to take a nap") can also mean "to doze ,ﭼﺮت زدن .("zadan ("to hit" or "to do ,زدن off" when you're not actually taking a nap. We can always use this phrase when taking a nap or dozing off. , ﭼﺮﺗﯽ Drug addicts, especially those who use opium, are always dozing off, so in Persian chorti is a synonym for "an opium addict." For example: ﭘﺪر ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻧﺎﻫﺎر ﻧﻴﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭼﺮت زد. .1 pedar b'ad az naahaar nim saa'at chort zad. "Father took a nap after lunch for half an hour." زﻣﺎن ﺑﺮدن zamaan bordan PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 5 "to take time" ".zaman bordan, "to take times , زﻣﺎن ﺑﺮدن= "zaman, "time" + bordan, "to carry" or "to take We can use this phrase on two occasions: 1) when something takes a long time to achieve or make, and 2) when we want to indicate how long it takes to do, make, or build something. It does not have to be a long time. We can use this phrase without any restrictions. Examples: 1. saakhtan-e in pol dah saal zaman bord, "Building this bridge took ten years." 2. pokhtan-e berenj faghat bist daghigheh zaman mibarad, "Cooking rice just takes 20 minutes." For example: ﺑﺪﻧﺴﺎزی زﻣﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺮد. .1 badansaazi zamaan mibarad. "Bodybuilding takes time." GRAMMAR The Focus Of This Lesson Is Verbs: Past Tense and "Must" ﭼﺮا؟ ﻣﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﻧﻢ (ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻢ) ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﻢ. cheraa? man mitoonam (mitavaanam) beh to komak konam. "Why? I can help you." In this lesson, we will learn how to: 1. Use the Past Tense 2. Use The Verb "Must" in Persian 1. Past Tense PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 6 There are no regular or irregular verbs in Persian, unlike English language. To make a past tense from infinitive verbs, see the table below. (دن)or -dan (ﺗﻦ)In Persian all the infinitives end in -tan from the infinitive and adding past (ن) The past tense is made simply by removing the -an endings. Personal endings for past tense are: Romanizati Example in Romanizati Person Persian on Persian on English "raftam "I went رﻓﺘﻢ m م .1st sing "rafti "You went رﻓﺘﯽ i ی .2nd sing "He (She) "raft went رﻓﺖ 3rd sing. N/A N/A "raftim "We went رﻓﺘﻴﻢ eim ﻳﻢ .1st pl "raftid "You went رﻓﺘﻴﺪ eid ﻳﺪ .2nd pl "raftand "They went رﻓﺘﻨﺪ and ﻧﺪ .3rd pl Note: the singular third person doesn't get a personal ending. Conjugation chart raftan ,رﻓﺘﻦ ,"Verb "to go Persian Romanization English "Raftam "I went رﻓﺘﻢ "rafti "You went رﻓﺘﯽ "raft "He or She went رﻓﺖ "Raftim "We went رﻓﺘﻴﻢ raftid "You went" plural رﻓﺘﻴﺪ "raftand "They went رﻓﺘﻨﺪ PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 7 goftan ,ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ,"Verb "to tell Persian Romanization English goftam I told ﮔﻔﺘﻢ gofti You told ﮔﻔﺘﯽ goft he(She) told ﮔﻔﺖ goftim We told ﮔﻔﺘﻴﻢ goftid You told ﮔﻔﺘﻴﺪ goftand They told ﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ daadan ,دادن ,"Verb "to give Persian Romanization English daadam I gave دادم daadi You gave دادی daad He(She) gave داد daadim We gave دادﻳﻢ daadid You gave دادﻳﺪ daadand They gave دادﻧﺪ residan ,رﺳﻴﺪن ,"Verb "to arrive Persian Romanization English residam I arrived رﺳﻴﺪم residi You arrived رﺳﻴﺪی resid He(She) arrived رﺳﻴﺪ residim We arrived رﺳﻴﺪﻳﻢ PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 8 residid You arrived رﺳﻴﺪﻳﺪ residand They arrived رﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ khordan ,ﺧﻮردن ,"Verb "to eat Persian Romanization English khordam I ate ﺧﻮردم khordi You ate ﺧﻮردی khord He(She) ate ﺧﻮرد khordim We ate ﺧﻮردﻳﻢ khordid You ate ﺧﻮردﻳﺪ khordand They ate ﺧﻮردﻧﺪ kardan ,ﮐﺮدن ,"Verb "to do Persian Romanization English kardam I did ﮐﺮدم kardi You did ﮐﺮدی kard He(She) did ﮐﺮد kardim We did ﮐﺮدﻳﻢ kardid You did ﮐﺮدﻳﺪ kardand They did ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ didan ,دﻳﺪن ,"Verb "to see Persian Romanization English didam I saw دﻳﺪم PERSIANPOD101.COM BEGINNER S1 #1 - TALKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN PERSIAN 9 didi You saw دﻳﺪی did He(She)saw دﻳﺪ didim We saw دﻳﺪﻳﻢ didid You saw دﻳﺪﻳﺪ didand They saw دﻳﺪﻧﺪ bordan ,ﺑﺮدن ,"Verb "to take Persian Romanization English bordam I took ﺑﺮدم bordi You took ﺑﺮدی bord He(She) took ﺑﺮد bordim We took ﺑﺮدﻳﻢ bordid You took ﺑﺮدﻳﺪ bordand They took ﺑﺮدﻧﺪ Examples Persian Romanization English ".in emtehaan sakht bood. "This exam was difficult اﻳﻦ اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﻮد. pedar b'ad az naahaar nim "Father took a nap after ﭘﺪر ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻧﺎﻫﺎر ﻧﻴﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ".saa'at chort zad.
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