Intellectual Networks in Timurid Iran: Sharaf Al-Dīn Alī Yazdī and the Islamicate Republic of Letters İlker Evrim Binbaş Index More Information

Cambridge University Press ̆ 978-1-107-05424-0 - Intellectual Networks in Timurid Iran: Sharaf al-Dīn Alī Yazdī and the Islamicate Republic of Letters İlker Evrim Binbaş Index More information

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Index

Aba Bakr b. Mı ra nsha h, 157 , 184 , 226 , Ah mad-i Ja m, 77 , 167 233 , 235 , 236 Ah mad-i Lur, xv , 17 , 248 , 281 Abarquhı , Sadı d al-Dı n, 76 , 271 Ah medı 135 , , 136 ʿAbba s I (Safavid ruler), 38 ʿAja ʾib al-maqdu r fı nawaʾib Tı mu r , 180 – 1 ʿAbd al-Lat ı f b. Ulugh Beg, 2 , 19 , 44 , 54 , Akhla ı t , H usayn, xiv , 5 , 12 , 22 , 23 , 27 , 37 , 65 , 264 , 280 38 , 76 , 77 , 92 , 104 , 105 , 114 , 117, ʿAbd al-Rah ma n Qauʾchin, 40 120 , 123 , 131 , 132 , 135 , 136 , 138 , ʿAbd al-Rah ma n, Mawla na 60 , 161 , 163 ʿAbdulla h b. Ibra hı m-Sult a n, 57 confessional affiliation, 114 – 15 Abharı , Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad, 64 biography, 115 – 19 Abı vard, 54 and prophethood, 154 , 159 Abraham (prophet), 94 , 109 , 154 , and the science of letters, 152 – 4 , 162 , 278 159 – 60 Abu al-Qa sim b. Jaha nsha h, 143 al-Akhla ı t , Muh ammad b. ʿAbdulla h b. Abu al-Qa sim Sult a n-Ismaʿı l b. H usayn, 115 Ibra hı m-Sult a n, 47 ʿAla ʾ al-Dawla b. Ba ysunghur, 54 , 70 Abu Bakr (the first caliph), 186 , 196 , 273 Alan Qoa, 180 , 253 , 279 , 281 , 284 Abu Saʿı d Malik, 193 alchemy, 12 , 118 , 121 , 152 Adam (prophet), 154 , 155 , 159 , 165 , 199 , Aleppo, 104 , 106 , 115 , 116 , 118 , 200 , 203 , 206 , 208 , 214 , 216 , 269 , 173 , 282 272 , 276 , 277 , 278 Alexander narrative, 153 , 253 – 7 , 285 lineage of, 278 ʿAlı al-Aʿla 158 , , 159 , 308 Adshead, S. A. M., 6 ʿAlı b. Abı a T lib, 30 , 31 , 73 , 110 , 122 , al-Adhraʿı , Shiha b al-Dı n Ah mad b. 152 , 159 , 162 , 196 , 259 , 261 , 273 , H amda n b. Ah mad Abı al-ʿAbba s, 279 , 284 118 , 119 A l-i Niz a m, 30 , 31 ahl-i kashf , see ahl-i tah qı q ʿAlı Qushji, 3 , 66 ahl-i tah qı , q 23 , 96 – 104 , 112 , 113 Ali Ufkî, 287 , 288 ahl-i z a hir , 97 , 101 , 102 , 160 ʿAlid-loyalism, 72 , 173 , 283 – 4 Ah mad b. Ha ru n al-Rashı d, 273 Alinja Khan, see Oljay Khan Ah mad b. H usayn Ka tib, 52 Amasya, 106 Ah mad b. ʿUmar-Shaykh, 39 , 191 Amı r Mah mu d, 229 Ah mad Mughu l, 70 Amı r Murta ,? zSayyid Zayn al-ʿA bidı n, 108 Ah mad Sha h II (Bahmanid ruler), 76 Amı r Qauʾchin, 229

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Cambridge University Press ̆ 978-1-107-05424-0 - Intellectual Networks in Timurid Iran: Sharaf al-Dīn Alī Yazdī and the Islamicate Republic of Letters İlker Evrim Binbaş Index More information

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328 Index

Amı r Sulayma n Sha h, 231 Badakhshan, 231 Amı r Valı 174 , Badr al-Dı n Munajjim, Mawla na 90 , , 91 Amı ra Sa kı 157 , Baghdad, 38 , 55 , 71 , 72 , 157 , 173 , 182 , A mu lı , H aydar, 141 227 , 282 A mulı , Muh ammad, 66 Bahaʾ al-Dı n Naqshband, 7 Andijan, 43 Bahmanids, 45 , 76 Andkhu d, 231 Ba kharzıʿAbd , al-Va ʿ si, 1 , 3 , 69 , 70 , 78 , 80 , Ando, Shiro, 26 , 27 , 202 , 224 , 231 , 233 , 81 , 83 , 88 234 , 235 , 245 , 246 bakhshi , 166 , 222 Ans a rıʿAbdulla , h, 147 Balkh, 18 , 43 , 54 , 219 , 229 , 231 , 232 Antichrist, see Dajja l Baluch, 55 apocalypticism, 105 , 106, 129 , 130 , 183 , 271 Bam, 169 apostasy, 249 Banu al-As far, see Esau appanage system, 4 , 16 , 170 Baraq Khan, 281 Aq Orda, Aq-Ordaids, 180 , 196 Barlas, 212 , 230 Aqqoyunlu, 147 , 291 Barniya n, 55 Aqsaraʾ ı , H amı d al-Dı n, 135 , 136 Barquq, 92 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 120 , 125 , Ardabil, 72 , 83 , 135 , 291 126 , 136 Ardabı lı , adr S al-Dı n, 135 and occult sciences, 117 Arghu n Sha h, 231 Barsbay, 62 , 63 Arghu nsha h, Amı r (Mongol amir), 174 Bartol’d, V. V., 3 , 4 , 52 , 56 , 165 , 170 , 187 , Aristotle, 122 207 , 245 , 260 Armenia, 183 , 226 Battle of Ankara, 17 , 92 , 134 , 135 , 184 As ah h al-tava rı kh , 170 and lettrist speculation, 266 A sta na-yi Quds-i Raz avı? Library, 224 Battle of Nicopolis, 92 , 93 , 134 , Astarabad, 35 , 53 , 67 , 70 , 179 186 , 187 Astara ba dı , Faz lulla? h, 17 , 35 , 141 , 142 , Battle of Salma s, xv , 45 – 9 , 224 , 241 156 , 158 , 248 , 281 , 282 Batuids, see Jöchids and the science of letters, 155 – 6 Ba yazı d Burulday, 231 his family, 157 – 9 Bayezid I (Ottoman sultan), xiv , 17 , 92 , At ʿa nı -Bist a mı network, 105 , 135 124 , 127 , 134 , 135, 182 , 186 , 266 ʿAt t a r, Khva jaʿAla ʾ al-Dı n, 93 Bayqara b. ʿUmar-Shaykh, 39 , 191 al-At ʿ a nı , Shams al-Dı n, see At ʿ a nı -Bist a mı Ba ysunghur Album, 180 network Ba ysunghur b. Sha hrukh, 18 , 19 , 35 , 53 , Aubin, Jean, 5 , 6 , 31 , 51 , 52 , 169 , 251 54 , 92 , 110 , 111 , 146 , 149 , 172 , 180 , auspicious conjunction (sa ʿa dat-qira ), n see 246 , 247 s a ibqira h n Beast of the Earth, see Da bbat al-ard Awla d-i Raz ı? 26 , , 27 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 36 Bedreddı n Mah mu d b. Isra ʿı l Sima vı , Aydın, 124 Shaykh xv , 5 , 17 , 19 , 23 , 106 , 107 , Aygılog lu,6 124 114 , 122 , 164 Ayyu bı , ala S hal-Dı n, 186 and Apocalypticism, 129 – 30 A z arı` -yi Isfara yinı 56 , and At ʿa nı -Bist a mı network, 135 Azerbaijan, 16 , 22 , 34 , 45 , 52 , 56 , 58 , 59 , early life, 123 – 4 63 , 72 , 115 , 175 , 178 , 183 , 184 , 188 , and the H anafiyya, 132 , 134 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 218 , 226 , 233 , and his rebellion, 125 234 , 235 , 241 , 280 and H usayn Akhla ı t 128 , ʿAz ud,? 17 , 248 and the Ikhva n al-safa 129 , , 138 – 140 and prophethood, 124 – 5 al-Ba bartı , Akmal al-Dı n, 133 , 134, 135 , 136 and the science of letters, 136 – 7 Ba bur b. Ba ysunghur, 19 , 53 , 67 , and Sha hrukh, 137 – 8 68 , 70 , 71 Bek Malik Aqa, 230

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Bektas iyye,̧ 158 coincidentia oppositorum , the unity of Bı gı Sha h, 231 opposites, 100 al-Bist a mıʿAbd , al-Rah ma n8 , 11 , 12 , 14 , Constantinople, see Istanbul 97 , 104 – 5 , 106 , 107 , 111 , 112 , 117 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 135 , 136 , Da bbat al-ard , 129 139 , 156 Dajja , l129 and his H anafı sympathies, 119 Damascus, 38 , 91 , 92 , 104 , 115 , 118 , 120 , and the Ikhva n al-s afa 106 , – 7 127 , 134 , 135 , 148 , 181 al-Bist a mı , Abu Yazı d, 273 Damavand, 55 al-Bist a mıʿAla , ʾ al-Dı n al-ʿAsafı see , Darguzı n, 55 At ʿa nı -Bist a mı network Darguzı n River, 233 al-Bist a mıʿAla , ʾ al-Dı nʿAlı b. Majd al-Dı n Dasht-i Qipchaq, 167 , 168 , 179 , 239 Muh ammad, see Mus annifak Dava nı , Jala l al-Dı n, 61 , 72 , 97 , 121 , 122 , al-Bist a mı , Ba yazı d, 105 143 , 266 al-Bist a mı , ShaykhʿAbdulla h, see Daylaman, 55 At ʿa nı -Bist a mı network Deccan, 45 , 76 , 89 al-Bist a mı , Sı dı Muh ammad al-At ʿa nı see , Deliorman, 125 At ʿa nı -Bist a mı network Dha t al-shifaʾ fı sı rat al-nabı thumma al-Bist a miyya, see At ʿa nı -Bist a mı network al-khulafa , 93 , 185 , 186 , 187 Bobovius, Albertus, see Ali Ufkî Dhu al-qarnayn, 153 , 255 , 285 Bodonchar, 279 Dı ba cha, xv , 33 , 67 , 100 , 202 , 214 , 216 , Börklüce Mus t afa 124 , , 125 , 131 , 137 225 , 236 , 239 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 257 , al-Bukha rı , Sayyid Muh ammad, 106 258 , 259 , 260 , 261 , 265 , 267 , 284 , Bukha rı , Muh ammad ʿAlı b. Darvı sh 285 , 286 ʿAlı 218 , historiography on, 212 – 14 al-Bulqı nı , Sira j al-Dı n Abu H afs ʿUmar b. its composition, 214 , 239 – 40 Risla n, 118 , 119 its structure, 214 – 17 al-Bu nı , Ah mad, 150 , 152 Dı ba cha-yi Dı va n-i Mawla na Qiva m al-Dı n Burh a n al-Dı n, Qa ı? z 176 , Muh ammad , 35 Burha n al-Muh addith, see al-H alabı , Dı ba cha-yi Ja miʿ-i Sult a nı, 90 , 197 , 272 , Ibra hı m b. Muh ammad b. Khalı l 273 , 274 al-T ara blusı Didymoteicho, 104 Bursa, 104 , 105 , 106 , 135 Dı va n-i ʿAla 53 , , 56 , 58 Burujird, xiv Dı va n-i Sharaf , 40 , 43 , 66 , 201 , 227 , 236 – 9 Caffa, 125 Dı va n-i Yarghu, 148 , 264 Cairo, xiv , 2 , 3 , 12 , 23 , 27 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 64 , al-Divrighı , ʿAla ʾ al-Dı n ʿAlı b. Siya vush, 106 77 , 89 , 92 , 94 , 104 , 112 , 114 , 115 , Dizfu l, 158 116 , 117 , 118 , 120 , 122 , 123 , 124 , Domaniç, 125 125 , 127 , 130 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , dreams, 94 – 6 136 , 148 , 157 , 183 , 260 Durrat al-ta , j104 , 129 Câriye, 126 , 127 , 154 Chaghaday (son of Chinggis Khan), Edigü, 182 180 , 212 Edirne, 12 , 92 , 123 , 124 , 127 , 148 , 181 Chaghadayid Khanate, 49 Egypt, 12 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 45 , 62 , 94 , 104 , Charles VI, Valois king of France, 181 106 , 119 , 148 Chata , see Mughu lista n Esau, 186 Chinggis Khan, 199 , 203 , 207 , 212 , 253 , 255 , 262 , 279 Fahd, Toufic, 14 Chios, 124 , 125 Fakhr al-Dı n Abu Muh ammad, 29 Clavijo, Ruy Gonzáles de, 177 Faraj-i Tabrı zı 154 ,

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Fars, xiv , xv , 16 , 26 , 27 , 31 , 34 , 38 , H a fiz Ra zı , Ghiya al-Dı s n Muh ammad, 39 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 50 , 52 , 54 , 56 , 89 , 90 57 , 59 , 61 , 67 , 70 , 75 , 76 , 83 , 90 , 93 , H a fiz -i Abru , xv , 158 , 168 , 169 , 174 , 175 , 133 , 145 , 146 , 156 , 185 , 188 , 189 , 179 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 197 , 198 , 226 , 233 , 224 , 228 , 230 , 231 , 232 , 233 , 234 – 6 , 234 , 239 , 247 246 , 247 , 252 , 253 , 263 , 286 Fath -i bila d-i Sha m u Ru m , 167 , 168 H a fiz -i ʿAjam, 218 *Fath na ma-yi Huma yu n , 216 , 236 , 237 , H a fiz -i Shı ra zı 236 , 238 , 239 , 241 , 245 H a jjı Khusraw-i Turk, 63 literature on, 179 H a jjı Pasha, 133 , 134 , 136 *Fath na ma-yi a S ibqira h nı, xv , 100 , Hamadan, xiv , 35 , 55 , 56 , 188 , 194 , 202 , 214 , 215 , 216 , 225 , 244 , 198 , 236 245 , 259 , 267 Hamu ʾı , Saʿd al-Dı n, 122 , 147 *Fath na ma-yi Sult a nı, xv , 244 H aqı qı see , Jaha nsha h b. Qara Yu suf Fayz ulla? h, Molla 133 , , 137 H a ranı , Zayn al-Dı n, 89 , 146 Fazlıog lu,6 I - hsan, 8 H asan b. ʿAlı 186 , , 273 Fena rı , Molla Shams al-Dı n, 106 , 132 , H asan b. Mah mu d b. Muh ammad 136 , 148 al-Raz ı? 36 , First Maqa ,la see Z afarna ma , by Yazdı H asan Bara t Khva ja, 231 Fı ru zku h, 56 H asan- ʿAlı b. Jaha nsha h, 143 Fleischer, Cornell H., 8 , 104 , 106 H assa n b. Tha bit, 154 al-Fus u l al-Sult a niyya , 31 al-H alabı , Ibra hı m b. Muh ammad b. Khalı l Futu h a t-i Mı ra nsha hı, 168 , 179 , 180 , al-T ara blusı 118 , 227 , 234 Henry IV, king of England, 181 *Futu h a t-i Dasht , 168 Herat, xv , xvi , 1 , 4 , 17 , 18 , 40 , 43 , 50 , 52 , *Futu h a t-i Sha m u Ru m , 168 , 174 53 , 54 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 75, 77 , 78 , 79 , 83 , 84 , Garmsı r, 193 106 , 108 , 133 , 144 , 147 , 148 , 149 , Ga va n, Mah mu d, 10 , 76 , 96 169 , 174 , 188 , 194 , 230 , 247 , 249 , Gawharsha d, 53 , 54 , 55 , 57 , 60 , 79 260 , 263 , 265 , 280 , 281 Gayu mars, Gayu mard, 46 , 276 , 277 Hermeticism, 104 , 105 , 111 – 12 gematria poetry, see muʿamma h ikmat , 142 Germiyanids, 124 H ilya-yi H ulal , 80 , 86 , 87 Ghaffa rı , Qa ı? z Ah mad, 179 Hindu sta n, 172 , 207 , 229 Ghazan Khan, 173 Hinz, Walther, 170 Ghazna, 229 h isba , 59 al-Ghaza lı , Abu H a mid, 276 , 277 historiography Ghiya al-Dı s n b. Rashı d al-Dı n, 31 , 32 and formal structure, 199 – 200 Ghiya al-Dı s n Muh ammad, 249 and genres, 200 Ghiya al-Dı s n Tarhan, 53 approaches to Timurid, 169 – 70 Ghiya al-Dı s n, Mawla na see , Ka shı , Ghiya s early Timurid, 166 – 8 al-Dı n Hubmesîhî s, 288 Gilan, 55 , 56 , 89 h ukama , h ukama -yi qadı m, 96 , 102 , Gurgan, 54 160 , 163 Gu r-i Mı r, 279 , 280 , 281 , 282 , 283 H ulal-i mut arraz dar fann-i muʿamma va Gu yanda, ʿAbd al-Muʾmin, 176 lughaz , xv , 46 , 48 , 49 , 65 , 66 , 80 , 81 , 83 , 86 , 88 , 219 , 224 , 241 , 244 H abı b al-siyar , 21 , 26 , 210 , 214 , 219 , 239 Hülegüids, 180 H a jjı Bayra m-ı Velı 135 , H uru fiyya, 14 , 17 , 18 , 48 , 58 , 83 , 92 , 137 , H a fız Halı l,107 , 123 , 125 , 128 , 132 , 133 , 138 , 141 , 142 , 149 , 155 , 156 , 159 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 163 , 164 , 248 – 9 , 281 , 282

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H usayn b. ʿAlı b. Abı a T lib, 152 informal networks, 8 – 9 , 11 , 12 , 15 , H usayn b. ʿAlı Sha h, 179 , 281 16 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 48 , H usayn Sharbatdar, 41 70 , 78 , 79 , 97 , 113 , 114 , 119 , 123 , H usayn T a rumı 63 , 129 , 132 , 146 , 147 , 150 , 249 , 250 , H uwayza, 54 , 157 , 158 290 , 291 how to study, 11 Ibn al-Athır, 208 Injuids, 31 Ibn al-Fa rid , 12 , 145 insa n-i ka mil , 253 , 258 , 269 , 285 Ibn al-Jazarı , Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad, ʿIra qı , Fakhr al-Dı n, 148 89 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 127 , 134 , 138 , 145 , irreligion, 79 149 , 196 ʿI sa Çelebi, 137 and historiography, 185 – 7 Isen Buqa, 49 Ibn ʿArabı 12 , , 77 , 78 , 96 , 99 , Isfahan, xiv , xvi , 8 , 12 , 18 , 23 , 34 , 38 , 42 , 100 , 101 , 103 , 115 , 121 , 52 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 64 , 70 , 88 , 89 , 122 , 134 , 146 , 150 , 249 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 134 , 140 , 141 , 143 , 257 , 258 , 273 , 274 144 , 145 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 157 , 188 , Ibn ʿArabsha h, 93 , 178 , 180 – 1 , 262 191 , 192 , 193 , 198 , 201 , 249 Ibn ʿInaba, 31 Isfarayin, 56 Ibn Kathır, 208 Isfendiya r Beg, 137 Ibn Khaldu n, 99 , 134 , 166 , 259 Isfendiyarids, 125 and ahl-i tah qı , q 98 Ishra qiya n, Ishrakîs , see Ibn Rusta, 208 philosophers:illuminationist Ibn Shiha b-i Yazdı 52 , , 53 Iskandar Anonymous, 170 , 187 , see Ibn Z afar al-Siqillı 173 , Muntakhab al-tava rı kh-i Muʿı nı Ibra hı m Sult a n b. Sha hrukh xv , xvi , 2 , 24 , Iskandar b. Qara Yu suf, 45 , 46 , 241 31 , 39 , 43 – 51 , 53 , 57 , 63 , 66 , 84 , 92 , Iskandar b. ʿUmar-Shaykh, xiv , xv , 2 , 146 , 149 , 175 , 185 , 188 , 214 – 16 , 16 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 34 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 220 – 1 , 225 – 6 , 233 , 237 – 8 , 239 , 43 , 75 , 80, 94 , 111 , 138 , 141 , 146 , 240 – 2 , 245 , 247 , 251 , 260, 261 , 264 , 170 , 175 , 185 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 278 , 284 – 5 191 , 193 , 197 , 198 , 220 , 226 , 228 , and historiography, 239 234 , 253 early career, 43 and his political program, 194 – 5 and the Dı ba cha , 214 and his politics, 274 al-I jı ʿAz ud? al-Dı n, 75 , 93 , 95 , 97 and the Isfahan circle, 89 – 92 al-I jı , Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad, 166 Isma ʿı l II (Safavid ruler), 145 Ikhva n al-s afa va khilla n al-vafa 8 , , 12 , 23 , Isma ʿı liyya, 107 , 249 106 – 13 , 129 , 139 , 156 isolated letters, 14 , 85 , 100 , in the Timurid realms, 111 101 , 151 Ikhwa n al-s afa ʾ wa khilla n al-wafaʾ Ispand b. Qara Yu suf, 55 , 72 (10th c.), 8 , 107 , 112 Istanbul, 287 , 288 , 289 , 290 ʿilm al-h uru f , ʿilm-i h uru f , see science of conquest of Constantinople, 22 , letters 128 , 291 ʿilm-i kı mı ya , see alchemy Iʿtiqa da , t 147 ʿImad al-Dı n Mans u r, Mawla na see , I - zmir, 125 Mans u r-i Shı ra zı I - znik, 17 , 124 , 125 , 131 , 137 ʿIma d-i Munajjim,ʿIma d al-Dı n, see al-Ka shı , Mah mu d b. Yah ya b. Jaʿfar al-S a diq, 122 al-H asan Jaʿfarı 52 , , 190 Ima m al-Dı n Faz lulla? h, Qa ı? z 60 , jafr , 152 , 162 , 163 ima ms, 57 , 59 , 72 , 274 , and its composition, 152 – 4 282 , 283 the book of jafr , 152 – 3

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Jaha ngı r b. Timur, 16 , 172 , 176 al-Ka shı , Ghiya al-Dı s n Jamshı d, 3 , 66 , the line of, 176 91 , 133 Jaha nsha h b. Qara Yu suf, 50 , 71 , 72 , al-Ka shı , Mah mu d b. Yah ya b. al-H asan, 91 108 , 143 Kastamonu, 125 , 137 Jala l al-Dı n b. Muh ibb al-Dı n, 36 , al-Ka tibı , Najm al-Dı n, 67 48 , 49 , 56 Ka vurd, 55 Jala l al-Dı n Fı ru zsha h, 54 , 144 Kayseri, 135 Ja m, Ah mad, 148 Ka zaru nı , Abu al-Qa sim, 145 Ja miʿ al-fus u layn , 130 , 131 , 136 Khalaj, 55 Ja miʿ al-tava rı kh , 174 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 219 , Khalı l-Sult a n b. Mı ra nsha h, 39 , 91 , 178 , 246 , 279 180 , 181 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 223 , 226– 8 , its translation into Chaghatay, 218 229 , 230 , 231 , 232 , 280 Ja m-i jaha n-nama -yi Sha hı, 269 Khaljı , Ghiya al-Dı s n, 72 Ja mıʿAbd , al-Rah ma n, 1 , 4 , 69 , 70 , 77 , 78 , Kha nd Saʿı d Kökeltash, 158 79 , 80 , 81 , 85 , 86 , 88 , 89 , 103 Khanika bt. Muh ammad Oghlan, 230 , 232 views on muʿamma , 86 – 7 Kha nza da Sevin Beg, 16 , 176 , 177 , 180 , views on Yazdı 80 , , 88 – 9 183 , 192 , 281 Ja mı , Shiha b al-Dı n Abu al-Maka rim, khila fa, 7 , 257 – 8 , 260 – 1 , 273 , see 167 sovereignty Ja miʿ-i aʿz am , 210 dual caliphate, 261 Jani Beg, 180 khalı fa-yi ba in t , 268 , 270 , 284 Japheth, 205 , 209 , 210 , 212 , 216 , 257 khalı fa-yi malaku t , 270 , 271 , 274 Jaqmaq (Mamluk sultan), 62 khalı fa-yi maʿnavı , 258 , 268 , java miʿ al-kalim, jawa miʿ-i kalim , 84 , 85 , 272 , 273 , 285 254 , 262 khalı fa-yi mulk , 270 , 271 , 274 al-Jayha nı , Abu ʿAbdulla h, 208 khila fat-i ila hı, 257 , 267 , 284 *Jayha nı tradition, 210 , see Muqaddima khila fat-i u s rı , 257 , 258 , 259 , 266 , 267 , Jean of Sult a niyya, 181 – 4 268 , 272 , 284 , 285 Jesus, 271 , 278 khila fat-i a z hir , 270 Jesus-worship, 72 , 288 the concept of, 128 Jöchids, 180 , 182 Khorasan, 1 , 41 , 56 , 67 , 68 , 75 , 77 , 105 , Jurja nı , Sayyid Sharıf, xiv , 41 , 59 , 89 , 90 , 172 , 175 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 211 , 225 , 93 – 6 , 126 , 132 – 4 , 138 , 146 , 195 – 6 , 226 , 233 , 234 , 247 253 , 274 Khuda ybirdi b. Qush-Muh ammad S u fı Ju sh u khuru sh , 166 al-Khı vakı 219 , Juvaynı ʿAt , a ʾ Malik, 207 , 212 Khujand, 140 Khujandı , Amı r-i Buzurg, 211 , 213 Kaaba, xvi , 62 , 63 , 64 , see kiswa Khujandı , Kama l,83 Kabul, 172 Khujandı s of Isfahan, 140 Kadızadelis, 288 , 289 , 290 Khula at s al-akhba , r 210 Kama l al-Dı n H usayn b. ʿAlı al-Akhla ı t Khunjı -Is faha nı , Faz lulla? h b. Ru zbiha n, 201 al-H usaynı al-Aft ası see , Akhla ı t , Khurrama ba d, 157 H usayn:biography khuru j , 254 , 255 , 256 , 257 Kantorowicz, Ernst, 277 Khutan, 43 Karaburun, 124 Khuttalan, 248 Kars, 43 , 179 Khuttala nı , Khva ja Ish a q, 18 , 248 Kart Dynasty, 174 , 179 Khuttala nı , afı S al-Dı n, 167 Kashan, 56 Khuzistan, 51 , 54 , 55 , 157 , 158 Kashghar, 43 Khva fı , Zayn al-Dı n, xv , 77 , 101 , 249 Ka shifı , Fakhr al-Dı nʿAlı b. H usayn Khva ja Ah ra r, 7 Vaʿ iz , 77 Khva jaga n-Naqshbandı network, 75 , 78

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Khva ndamır, 21 , 26 , 166 , 167 , 201 , 210 , Timurid, 202 , 279 – 80 214 , 239 Ludogorie, see Deliorman Khva razmı , Khva ja Abu al- ʿAla ʾ, 108 lughaz , 66 , 84 , 86 Khva razmı , Khva ja Mah mu d, 40 definition of, 81 – 3 Kila wka n, 231 Lur, 55 kingship, see sovereignty Lur-i Ku chak, Luristan, xiv , 51 , 57 , 157 , Kirman, xiv , 57 , 70 , 75 , 146 , 188 , 158 , 236 , 264 , 157 , 188 189 , 192 Lut fı 218 , Kirma nı , Saʿdulla h, 168 , 179 , 234 Kirma nı , Shaykh Muh ammad Zangı -yi Machiavelli, 173 ʿAjam, 166 al-Mafa is h , 12 , 37 , 100 , 122 kiswa (the cover of Kaaba), 62 – 4 magic squares, see wafq Kita b al-Nawa mı s al-Akbar and al-As ghar , Ma ha n, 75 by Plato, 105 Mahdı 35 , , 116 , 117 , 125 , 129 , 130 , 151 , Kita b al-sih r al-kabı , r 105 196 , 197 , 256 , 265 , 270 Kita b al-sirr al-khafı , 105 Mah mu d Darvı sh, 231 Kita b al-thamara , 105 Mah mu d Ghaznavı 186 , Kita b Qulu bat ra malikat al-Yu na nı, 105 Mah mu d H aydar, 60 Kita b sirr al-asra , r 105 Mah mu d, Shaykh, see al-Shı ra zı , Mah mu d Kita b sirr al-mas u n , 105 Mah mu d-i H aydar (governer of Köchkünji Muh ammad Kha n, 218 Isfahan), 108 Kök Orda, 196 Majd al-Dı n Abu al-Maka rim, 29 Konya, 132 , 133 Majd al-Dı n H asan (IVa), 32 , 36 Koselleck, Reinhart, 20 Majd al-Dı n H asan (VId), 36 Ku bana n, 38 , 75 , 77 , 120 Majd al-Dı n H usayn (IIIa), xiv , 29 , Kubraviyya, 7 30 , 31 , 32 Kuhna mulh ida , n see apostasy Majd-i valı dar ikr-i` z ʿatarat-i Nabı , 173 Kunh al-mura , d 99 Majmaʿ al-tava rı kh , xv , 174 , 232 , 246 , al-Kurba lı , Qiva m al-Dı n, 96 247 , 263 Kurds, Kurdistan, 55 Majmu ʿa-yi H a fiz -i Abru , 174 , 231 Ku su ʾı , Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad, 77 Mala matiyya, 270 Malik Gayu mars, 55 Lahijan, 35 Malikat Agha bt. Khiz r? Oghlan Chaghatay, La miʿı Çelebi, 107 53 , 189 , 252 Lârî Mehmed Efendi, 289 Mâlûmcus, 288 La , rı Mus lih al-Dı n, 179 Malwa, 72 al-La hijı , Qut b al-Dı n Muh ammad, 66 al-Mana ir z, xvi , 62 , 80 , 84 , 85 , 87 Lat a ʾif al-isha ra , t 130 , 131 , 136 Manhaj al-rasha , d 249 lawh -i mah fu z , 85 , 152 , 153 al-Mant iqı , Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad b. Libellus de Notitia Orbis , 182 , 183 Muba raksha h, 133 lineage al-Mawa qif , 94 , 95 Altan Urugh , 279 Mans u r-i Shı ra zı 91 , Chinggisid, 253 , 268 , 279 , 284 Manu chihr al-Ta jir, see al-Tabrı zı , Badıʿ condominial, 24 , 277 , 279 , 280 , 281 , Manz, Beatrice, 52 , 172 282 , 283 Maqa la-yi avval , see Z afarna ma , by Yazdı in Sufism, 7 Maqa la-yi duvvum , see Second Maqa la kingly, 277 Mara ghıʿAbd , al-Qa dir, 176 , 180 , neo-eponymous, 197 227 , 228 of Timur, 208 Ma riya bt. Shamʿu n, see Mâriye prophetic, 270, 277 , 278 Mâriye, 126 , 127 , 154 , 155 sayyid , 30 , 159 Martín, the king of Aragon, 181

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Maʿru f-i Khat t a t, Mawla na 18 , , 90 , 92 Muh ammad b. Barquq, 116 Mashhad, vi , 145 , 192 , 224 , 247 , 315 Muh ammad b. Fala , h 54 , 55 Mashhad Manuscript, see Second Maqa la Muh ammad Jaha ngı r b. Muh ammad Mat laʿ-i Saʿdayn , 21 , 170 , 214 , 215 , Sult a n, 228 224 , 241 Muh ammad Juki, 53 , 54 Ma wardı 33 , Muh ammad Khalı l b. Muh ammad Maybudı , Qa ı? z H usayn, 147 Jaha ngır, 71 Mazandaran, xv , 163 , 179 , 193 , 194 , 197 Muh ammad Sha h, 144 Mecca, see kiswa Muh ammad Sha h III (Bahmanid sultan), 72 Meh med I (Ottoman sultan), 17 , 124 , 125 , Muh ammad Taraghay, see Ulugh Beg 181 , 186 Muh ammad, La la 108 , Meh med II (Ottoman sultan), 59 , 128 , 135 Muh ammadı Mı rza b. Jaha nsha h, 108 Mémoire sur Tamerlan et sa Cour , 182 , 183 Muh ammad-Sult a n b. Jaha ngır, 16 , 127 , Mengü Temür, 231 172 , 175 , 178 , 228 , 230 , 280 , 283 Messiah, see Mahdı Muh ibb al-Dı n Abı al-Khayr Ibn al-Jazarı , Messianism, 93 , 150 , 158 51 , 55 , 61 , 92 Mezzachulia (?), 288 Muʿizz al-ansa , b 246 , 248 Minglijak Khatun, 176 mujaddid , 118 , 202 , 262 , 263 , 264 , Minorsky, Vladimir, 291 265 , 286 Mı rak Turkman, 49 Mujmal al-tava rı kh va al-qis as , 208 Mı rak-i Bukha rı see , al-Mant iqı , Shams Mukhtas ar by Amı r-i Buzurg Khujandı , al-Dı n Muh ammad b. Muba raksha h 211 , 213 Mı ra nsha h b. Timur, 14 , 156 , 168 , 184 , Mulla adra S 89 , 188 , 196 , 227 , 233 , 280 Multan, 172 and historiography, 175 – 9 Münasihî s, see Pythagoras, Pythagoreans and musicians, 176 munshaʾa , t 10 – 11 Mı ra nsha hids, 233 – 4 Munshaʾa of t Qiva m al-Dı n Yazdı 34 , , 111 Mı rkhva nd, 4 , 166 , 167 Munshaʾa t-i Yazdı, 10 , 11 , 27 , 33 , 34 , 40 , Mı rzaʿAzı z b. Muh ammad Riz a? 167 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 75 , 84 , 92 , 94 , 110 , Mı rza Majd al-Dı n H asan, 36 111 , 143 , 144 , 190 , 213 , 214 , 227 , Mongols, 36 , 50 , 58 , 140 , 149 , 263 , 228 , 237 , 239 281 , 297 Cambridge manuscript, 58 , 59 , 66 , 272 muʿamma , 3 , 35 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 62 , 65 , 66 , Tehran manuscript, 62 80 , 81 , 88 , 96 , 201 Munshı , Shiha b al-Dı n Muh ammad, definition of, 81 – 3 167 , 168 views of Ja mı 86 , – 7 Muntakhab al-tava rı kh-i Muʿı nı, 170 , 185 , views of Navaʾ ı 86 , 187 , 195 , 196, 234 views of Yazdı 83 , – 5 Muntakhab-i H ulal-i mut arraz , 49 , 83 Muʿa wiya b. Yazı d, 273 al-Mutawakkil ʿala Alla h (Abbasid Muba riz al-Dı n Muh ammad, 32 , 33 caliph), 273 Mufrada , t 86 Muqaddima , 44 , 200 , 202 , 203 – 12 , 213 , Mughal Empire, 24 , 251 214 , 215 , 216 , 217 , 219 , 225 , 235 , Mughu lista n, 43 , 49 , 50 , 226 236 , 239 , 240 , 242 , 244 , 245 , 246 , al-Mughlavı , Sira j al-Dı n Idrı s b. Saʿı d 253 , 257 , 267 , 284 , 285 , 286 al-Dı n, 106 its composition, 205 – 6 , 239 al-Muh addith, Burha n al-Dı n, see and the *Jayha nı tradition, 210 al-H alabı , Ibra hı m b. Muh ammad b. its sources, 207 – 8 Khalı l al-T ara blusı and the * Ta rı kh-i Jaha ngı , r 205 Muh ammad (prophet), 178 and the Z afarna ma by Yazdı 205 , his lineage, 277 – 8 muqat t aʿa , t see isolated letters Muh ammad [b.] Sayyid Sharı f Jurja nı 89 , Murad II (Ottoman sultan), 107

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Murshidı , Nu r al-Dı n Muh ammad, 64 Ocak, Ahmet Yas ar,̧ 289 Mu sa Çelebi, 17 , 19 , 124 , 130 , 131 , occult sciences, 2 , 3 , 8 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 132 , 136 98 , 104 , 108 , 112 , 114 , 117 , 120 , Mus annifak, 59 121 , 130 , 147 , 194 Mu savı , Faz lulla? h, 170 Ögedey, Ögedeyids, 180 Mushaʿshaʿ, 18 , 51 , 54 , 55 , 158 , 159 Oghuz Khan, 209 Musirrûn , 288 Oljay Khan, 209 mutakallima , n 101 Ottomans, Ottoman Empire, 5 , 17 , 19 , 22 , Muʿtazila, 96 , 148 , 288 24 , 106 , 138 , 147 , 182 , 187 , 228 , 251 Muz affarids, xiv , 27 , 31 , 32 , 33, 91 , 93 , 156 – 8 , 166 , 174 , 188 , 191 , 236 Pa rsa , Muh ammad, 147 patronage, 4 – 5 Naf s at al-mas du r-i avval , xv , 146 , 147 , 264 Persian Iraq, 50 , 51 , 55 , 57 , 59 , 64 , 67 , 70 , Naf s at al-mas du r-i duvvum , 142 , 146 , 146 , 191 , 192 , 233 , 234 149 , 156 Peterson, Erik, 275 Nahavand, xiv , 188 philosophers Nakhjevan, 181 , 235 illuminationist, 160 Naqshbandiyya, 1 , 7 , 68 , 77 , 80 , 81 , 88 , 126 peripatetic, 96 , 160 Narsawba d, 68 philosophy, see al-h ikma Nasabna ma , 179– 80 , 227 Pı r [Rama?] Ah mad Chu ba n, 60 Na ir s al-Dı nʿUmar, Mawla na Qaz ı? 167 , , Pir ʿAlı Kart, 167 172 , 174 , 207 Pı ʿ rAlı Ta z, 230 , 232 Nas rulla hıʿAbdulla , h, 166 , 207 Pı r Budaq b. Jaha nsha h, 71 , 72 , 237 , 239 Nat anzı , Muʿı n al-Dı n, 170 , 185 , Pı r Muh ammad b. Jaha ngır, 16 , 43 , 187 – 98 , 228 172 , 228 – 32 Nava ʾı ʿAlı , Shır, 4 , 37 , 68 , 70 , 78 , 80 , Pı r Muh ammad b. ʿUmar-Shaykh, xiv , 2 , 81 , 83 , 85 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 91 , 92 , 141 , 145 , views on muʿamma , 86 146 , 185 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 198 , 252 , views on Yazdı , 88 253 , 260 Naw Mulh ida , n see apostasy and historiography, 185 – 7 Na yı , Qut b al-Dı n, 176 Plato, 105 , 122 , 153 Neo-Platonism, 107 , 150 political theology, 274 – 7 Newton, Isaac, 12 Present State of the Ottoman Nika t kalima t al-tawh ı , d 85 , 99 , Empire , 288 100 , 101 prophethood, 131 , 151 – 2 , 155 Niʿmatulla hı network, 7 , 58 , 75 – 7 public sphere, 21 , 22 , 250 Niʿmatulla hı , H abı b al-Dı n Pythagoras, Pythagoreanism, 8 , 105 , 107 , Muh ibbulla h, 271 112 , 122 , 150 , 288 Nishapur, 35 , 53 , 149 , 211 Niz a m al-Dı n Chaqmaq, 36 , 48 – 9 , 56 Qa ı d za da-yi Ru mı 3 , , 120 , 123 , 132 , 133 , Niz a m al-Dı n Gulista na, 60 137 , 281 Niz a m al-Dı n Muh ammad (IIc), 29 Qalmat a y al-Dawa dar, 116 Niz a m al-Mulk, 140 Qandahar, 193 , 229 , 232 Noah (prophet), 178 , 205 , 216 , 257 , 277 Qara Yu suf, xv , 138 , 157 , 159 , 191 , 192 , Nu r al-anwa , r 105 193 , 194 , 235 , 236 , 280 Nu r al-Dı n b. Sha h Niʿmatulla h Valı , Qaraba gh, 223 36 , 68 , 71 , 75 Qarachar Noyan, 211 , 212 , 213 Nu r al-Dı n Niʿmatulla h b. ahıZ r al-Dı n qarachu , 200 ʿAlı 68 , Qaramanids, 124 Nu rbakhsh, Muh ammad, 18 , 58 , 248 Qaraqoyunlus, 70 – 3 , 157 , 193 , 235 , 291 Nu rulla h b. Faz lulla? h Astara ba dı 281 , Qarshi, Qarshi River, 230 , 281 , 282

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Qa sim-i Anvar, 17 , 77 , 120 , 271 S a ʿidı , Khva ja Jala l al-Isla m, 143 Qa sim-i Fayyu mı 127 , S a ʿidı , Niz a m al-Dı n Ah mad, 157 , 191 Qaydu b. Pı r Muh ammad, 16 , 175 S a ʾinı see , Yazdı , Qiva m al-Dı n Qa yinı , Jala l al-Dı n, 263 sainthood, see wala ya Qazvin, 50 , 55 , 56 Samarkand, 2 , 3 , 4 , 19 , 24 , 38 , 43 , 44 , 49 , Qazvı nı , H amdulla h Mustawfı 199 , 65 , 67 , 68 , 75 , 89 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , Qiva m al-Dı n Naqı b, 60 106 , 120 , 133 , 134 , 141 , 145 , 150, Quhista nı , Muh ammad Ka khakı 176 , 170 , 172 , 176 , 178 , 179 , 180 , 181 , Qum, 55 , 56 , 61 , 62 , 64 , 71 , 192 , 220 223 , 226 , 227 , 229 , 247 , 249 , 263 , qut b , 256 , 273 , 274 264 , 278 , 279 , 281 kutb-ı zaman , 126 Samarkand Observatory, 3 , 65 , 133 Qut b al-Dı n, Amır, 60 Samarqandı ʿAbd , al-Razza q, 53 , 70 , Qut b-i Na yı 228 , 214 , 241 Sarbida rids, 56 , 174 Rafıʿ at al-Dı n Fa ima t Kha tu n, 30 Sari, 56 Rashı d al-Dı n Faz lulla? h, 27 , 29 , 31 , 32 , Sa sa n Kha tu n, 30 140 , 174 , 199 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 218 , Sava, 56 , 60 , 71 , 198 246 , 247 , 279 S ayh at al-bu m fı ava h dith al-Ru m , 129 his letters, 141 S ayra m, 226 Rawz at? al-s afa , 44 , 167 , 211 , 219 Sayyid ʿAlı Ta jir, 157 , 158 , 159 Ray, 46 Sayyid Dasta rband, 157 , 159 Raz ı? al-Dı n Muh ammad, 27 Sayyid Dasta rpı ch, see Sayyid ʿAlı Ta jir Ra zı , Fakhr al-Dı n, 59 Sayyid Khva ja b. ShaykhʿAlı republic of letters, 6 , 7 , 8 , 15 , 20 Bahadur, 232 Risa la’ı dar ba ra-yi khila fat va vila yat , 269 Sayyid Mı rak, 62 Rome, see Istanbul Sayyid Na ir s Ka rkiya 56 , Rukn al-Dı nʿAla ʾ al-Dawla, 67 Sayyid Riz a? Kiya 35 , Rukn al-Dı n H asan (VIIa), 36 Sayyidı Ah mad b. ʿUmar-Shaykh, 230 Rukn al-Dı n Muh ammad, 30 , 39 sayyids, 160 , 162, 196 , 254 , 270 Ru m, 148 of Isfahan, 60 – 1 Ru mı , Jala l al-Dı n, 115 , 148 of Yazd, 30 – 2 Ru s b. Japheth, 208 Schmitt, Carl, 274 , 275 , 277 Rustam b. ʿUmar-Shaykh, xiv , 41 , 141 , 142 , science of letters, 5 , 8 , 11 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 21 , 146 , 157 , 185 , 188 , 189 , 191 , 198 23 , 37 , 38 , 72 , 77 , 88 , 97 , 99 , 101 , Rustamda rids, 55 , see Malik Gayu mars 104 , 105 , 106 , 117 , 120 , 121 , 122 , *Ru zna ma-yi Futu h a t-i Dasht , 174 129 , 137 , 144 , 148 , 149 , 150 – 1 , 152 , Ru zna ma-yi futu h a t-i Hindu sta , n 167 , 172 , 156 , 159 , 160 , 163 , 164 , 201 , 249 , 174 , 207 , 208 266 , 273 , 281 , 282 , 291 Ru zna ma-yi Ghazava t-i Hindu sta , n see and intellectual authority, 151 Saʿa datna ma and the H uru fiyya, 155 – 6 Ru zna ma-yi Sha hı, 207 Second Maqa , la xvi , 156 , 159 , 200 , 202 , Rycaut, Paul, 288 , 289 , 290 221 , 223 – 4 , 234 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 265 , 267 , 268 , 271 , 278 , 284 Saʿa datna ma , 172 , 207 , 260 composition, 224 – 5 , 243 sacral kingship, see sovereignty:sacral structure, 225 – 34 S adr al-Dı n Muh ammad S adr, 59 Serres, 125 Safavid network, Safavid Empire, 22 , 24 , Seth, son of Adam, 276 , 277 60 , 135 , 145 , 291 Sha hʿAla ʾ al-Dı n Muh ammad Naqı b, 60 , s a ibqira h , n saʿa dat-qira , n 162 , 214 , 251 , 109 , 110 253 , 254 , 255 , 256 , 257 , 259 , 261 , Sha h Muh ammad b. Qara Yu suf, 72 283 , 284 Sha h Muʿizz al-Dı n Muh ammad Raz ı? 36 ,

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Sha h Niʿmatulla h Valı xiv , , xv , 5 , 26 , 38 , Sharaf al-Dı nʿAlı (VIe), 36 56 , 58 , 63 , 68 , 73 , 75 , 77 , 90 , 120 , Sharafı see , Awla d-i Raz ı? 121 , 195 , 253 , 269 , 270 , 274 , 285 Sharbatda r, H usayn T abı b, 189 and his family, 75 – 6 Sharh al-Mawa qif , 93 , 95 Sha h Sayyidı 231 , Sharh -i Qas ı da-yi Burda, xvi , 64 , 67 Sha h Shujaʿ (Muz affarid ruler), 156 , 236 shariah, 70 , 80 , 85 , 196 , 249 , 254 , 260 , Sha h Yah ya (Muz affarid ruler), xiv , 27 , 33 263 , 264 , 265 , 270 , 288 Sha h-i Zinda complex, 280 Shaykh al-Mah mu dı 148 , Sha hmalik b. Qilichghay, 226 Shaykh Uvays (Jalayirid ruler), 156 , 157 , 173 Shahne Mu sa 127 , Shibirgha n, 39 Shahriya r, 55 Shiha b al-Dı n Ismaʿı l,167 Sha hrukh Anonymous, see Shams al-h usn Shiraz, xv , 8 , 12 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 44 , 45 , 48 , Sha hrukh b. Timur, 16 , 18 , 39 , 41 , 51 , 55 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 57 , 71 , 88 , 89 , 92 , 93 , 95 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 96 , 106 , 107 , 134 , 141 , 144 , 150 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 78 , 79 , 81 , 83 , 92 , 186 , 188 , 189 , 191 , 215 , 240, 244 103 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 133 , 134 , 137 , al-Shı ra zı , Mah mu d, 91 138 , 142 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 150 , 162 , Shı ra zı , Qut b al-Dı n, 34 172 , 177 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 187 , 188 , al-Shı ra zı , aZ hir al-Dı nʿAbd al-Rah ma n, 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 196 , see Z ahı r-i aghı S r 197 , 198 , 215 , 216 , 231 , 232 – 3 , 239 , Shirvan, 233 245 , 249 , 252 , 260 , 261 , 262 , 263 , Shirva nı , Kama l al-Dı n Masʿu d, 79 264 , 266 , 267 , 280 Shuʿab-i panjga na , 247 and the assassination attempt, Shuhu diyya , 85 149 – 50 , 246 – 50 Shuja ʿ, xv , 244 as caliph, 260 Shukrulla h, 97 , 107 , 124 , 131 , 208 as mujaddid , 261 – 2 Sibt b. al-ʿAjamı see , al-H alabı , Ibra hı m b. Sult a n-Mah mu d , 265 Muh ammad b. Khalı l al-T ara blusı and intellectuals, 18 Sighna qı , Shaykhza da, 157 and succession problems, 52 – 4 Sinop, 125 and Yazdı 44 , Sı rı n, 154 second Qaraqoyunlu campaign, 45 – 8 Solomon (prophet), 153 , 178 Shajarat al-atra , k 206 , 211 , 212 Somuncu Baba, see Aqsaraʾ ı , H amı d al-Dı n Sha mı , Niz a m al-Dı n, 94 , 167 , 168 , 169 , sovereignty, 265 173 – 5 , 176 , 200 , 223 , 228 , 234 , absolutist, 253 246 , 255 astrological, 258 – 9 Shams al-Dı n Abu Bakr (IIIc), xiv , 29 , 32 Chinggisid, 175 , 184 , 252 , 253 , 260 , Shams al-Dı n Abu Bakr (Va), 32 , 33 , 73 282 , 291 Shams al-Dı n b. Sayyid Rukn al-Dı n condominial, 279 , 280 , 283 Yazdı 31 , corporate, 4 , 170 Shams al-Dı n H ajjı Muh ammad b. Amı r divine, 195 , 272 Ghuna shirı n, 53 dual kingship, 276 Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad b. Sha h messianic, 105 , 259 Niʿmatulla h Valı 73 , prophetic kingship, 277 Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad b. Sayyid Rukn sacral, 90 al-Dı n Yazdı 30 , , 32 Stylarion, see Karaburun Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad S adr, 58 , 59 Sufi networks, 1 , 7 , 8 , 70 , 78 , 160 Shams al-Dı n Muh ammad T a hir, 144 Suleyma n I (Safavid ruler), 36 Shams al-h usn , 170 , 223 , 224 , 226 , 227 , Sult a n Ah mad (Jalayirid ruler), 92 228 , 230 Sult a n Mah mu d of Badakhsha n, 231 Sharaf al-Dı nʿAlı (IIa), 27 , 29 , 32 Sult a n-Abu Sa ʿı d b. Sult a n-Muh ammad, Sharaf al-Dı nʿAlı (IVb), 32 143 , 291

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Sult a n-ʿAla ’ al-Dı n b. Pı r Muh ammad, 229 Ta rı kh-i Jaha ngusha , y 207 Sult a n-ʿAlı b. Rustam, 192 Ta rı kh-i Kabı , r 190 Sult a n-H usayn b. Muh ammad Beg Ta rı kh-i Kha nı, 166 , 207 Tayjiut, 232 Ta rı kh-i Khura sa , n 208 Sult a n-H usayn Bayqara, 4 , 10 , 61 , 108 , Ta rı kh-i Sha hrukhı , 231 , 232 , 233 219 , 220 Ta rı kh-i Yazd , 40 Sultaniyya, 45 , 55 , 56 , 176 , 233 , 235 Tarkha nı emirs, 53 Sult a n-Mah mu d Kha n, 177 T a rumayn, 55 Sult a n-Muh ammad b. Amı r Tarkhan, 45 al-Tashı , l131 , 132 Sult a n-Muh ammad b. Ba ysunghur, xvi , 2 , Tauer, Felix, 170 , 222 18 , 19 , 22 , 49 , 51 , 55 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 77 , al-tu ra , see töre 78 , 109 , 110 , 143 , 159 , 225 , 229 , tawh ı , d tevhîd , 77 , 97 , 100 , 126 , 129 , 153 , 243 , 244 , 245 , 260 , 271 195 , 254 , 257 , 273 , 275 and his rebellion, 18 – 20 , 51 – 67 , 70 , Thales, 105 109 – 10 , 142 , 268 The Secret History of the Mongols , 279 death of, 70 T ihra nı , Abu Bakr, 53 , 60 , 108 , 109, 143 Sult a n-Muh ammad Khuda banda (Safavid Timur, 257 ruler), 145 and ʿAlid-loyalism, 282 – 3 Sult a n-Muʿtas im b. Sult a n Zayn al-ʿA bidı n and Chinggisid politics, 264 b. Sha h Shujaʿ, 156 , 157 , 158 , 191 , and his lineage, 278 235 , 236 and his yasaq , 176 Sult a n-Uvays b. Edigü Barlas, 57 , 192 and historiography, 166 – 9 Sulwa n al-mut a fıʿudwa n al-atbaʿ , 173 and the Ottomans, 17 , 92 Synoptic Account , 185 , 187 , 188 , 196 , 197 as “theocratic sovereign”, 251 Syria, 5 , 34 , 116 , 135 , 158 , 173 as messianic sovereign, 259 as s a ibqira h , n 255 Tabaristan, 55 childhood, 237 T abası , Muh ammad b. ʿAlı sha h, 269 – 72 his conquest of Isfahan, 37 al-Tabrı zı , Badıʿ, 83 succession to, 15 – 16 , 172 Tabriz, xv , 2 , 29 , 32 , 38 , 50 , 115 , 123 , Tirmidhı , Muh ammad ʿAlı H akı m, 147 127 , 154 , 157 , 173 , 176 , 194 , 227 , Togan, Zeki Velidi, 53 , 167 233 , 235 Toghay Timur, 174 Taft, xiv , 2 , 26 , 44 , 49 , 51 , 68 , 70 , 75 , 77 , Tolui (son of Chinggis Khan), 211 81 , 121 Toluids, 180 Taftaza nı , Saʿd al-Dı n, 59 , 93 , 137 Toq Buqa b. Aq Buqa Bisu’ud, 229 Taghachar, 211 , 213 töre , 138 , 262 , 263 T a hir al-Dı n Muh ammad b. Shams al-Dı n Torlak Hu Kema l,124 , 125 Ibra hım, 169 Torlaks, 125 T ahmasb I (Safavid ruler), 145 Transoxiana, 3 , 16 , 44 , 54 , 75 , 77 , 191 , tah qı , q 79 , 99 263 , 264 , 280 Ta j al-Dı n, son in law of Sayyid Sharı f Tuh fat al-faqı r wa a s ib h al-sarı , r 166 Jurja nı 94 , Tuman Agha bt. Amı r Mu sa Ta j al-Salma nı 170 , , 223 , 224 , 226 , 228 , Tayjiut, 43 230 , 231 , 232 Tumanay Khan, 278 tamgha , 148 , 264 , 265 , 282 tümen-i Kepek-Kha nı, 229 Taraghay, 215 Turk b. Japheth, 208 Ta rı kh-i arbaʿa ulus , see Shajarat al-atra k Turka, Abu al-Fath Afz al? al-Dı n Ta rı kh-iʿAzı , zı 167 Muh ammad b. S adr al-Dı n *Ta rı kh-i Huma yu n , 47 , 241 , 244 Muh ammad, 60 , 67 , 142 , 144 Ta rı kh-i jadı d-i Yazd , 40 , 61 , 68 , 205 , 243 Turka, Abu H a mid adr S al-Dı n Muh ammad *Ta rı kh-i Jaha ngı , r xv , 239 , 242 , 244 , 245 b. H abı b Alla h, 140 , 141

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Index 339

Turka, Afz al? al-Dı n b. Abı H a mid adr S ʿUthma n b.ʿAffa n, 196 , 273 al-Dı n Muh ammad, 141 Uzun H asan (Aqqoyunlu ruler), 105 , 143 , 265 Turka, Afz al? al-Dı n b. Khva ja H abı bulla h, 145 Vah dat-i Mawju d , 115 Turka, H abı bulla h b. a S ʾin al-Dı n, 143 , 266 Vaʿ iz ı ʿAbd , al-ʿAzı z, 76 Turka, Jama l al-Dı n Muh ammad b. S a ʾin Valı b. Amı r ShaykhʿAlı Hindu , 179 al-Dı n, 143 , 144 Va ifı s , Zayn al-Dı n, 108 Turka, Khva ja H abı bulla h, 144 Vays Khan, 49 , 50 Turka, Khvaja Najıb al-Dı n H abı bulla h, 144 Vuru jird, 55 Turka, S adr al-Dı n Muh ammad b. Afz al? al-Dı n, 141 , 142 , 145 , 146 wafq , 3 , 66 and the H uru fiyya, 141 – 2 wah dat al-wuju d , 103 , 134 Turka, S a ʾin al-Dı n, xiv , xv , 5 , 11 , 12 , 17 , wala ya , 118 , 130 , 153 , 155 , 159 , 269 , 18 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 27 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 270 , 271 60 , 76 , 77 , 79 , 85 , 89 , 94 , 99 , 100 , Wa rida , t 129 , 130 , 132 , 139 101 , 105 , 111 , 114 , 120 , 121 , 123 , Wa sit , 54 132 , 133 , 144 , 146 , 151 , 152 , 159 , Woods, John E., 20 , 26 , 168 , 170 , 202 , 187 , 196 , 249 , 264 , 292 207 , 222 , 235 , 252 , 291 and his family, 140 – 5 and his interrogations, 146 – 9 , 163 Ya diga r Muh ammad b. Sult a n-Muh ammad and his travels, 37 – 9 b. Ba ysunghur b. Sha hrukh, 172 and H usayn Akhla ı t 122 , , 164 Ya ʿı fi ʿAbdulla , h, 75 and Sufism, 148 Yah ya b.ʿIma d b. Yah ya al-Munajjim, 91 his views on politics, 266 Ya ʿ rAlı see , al-Divrighı ʿAla , ʾ al-Dı nʿAlı b. his views on the H uru fı s, 156 Siya vush his views on the science of letters, 163 Ya rek b. Qongrat, 219 Turmush Agha, 16 , 176 , 232 yarghu , 208 , 263 Turshı zı , Ka tibı 149 , yasa , 212 , 260 Tus, 35 , 53 , 54 , 247 and shariah, 265 T u sı , Nas ı r al-Dı n, 4 , 272 Yasaviyya, 7 T u t ı Kha tu n or T u t ı Agha, 43 Yazd, 27 , 40 , 44 , 48 Yazdı , Ghiya al-Dı s nʿAlı 66 , ʿU dı , H abı b, 176 Yazdı , Ghiya al-Dı s nʿAlı (author of the Ulugh Beg, xvi , 2 , 3 , 4 , 19 , 43 , 44 , 49 , 50 , Saʿa datna ma ), 167 , 172 , 207 53 , 54 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 91 , 120 , 133 , Yazdı , Ibn Shiha b, 52 , 53 , 169 , 191 137 , 193 , 206 , 211 , 226 , 247 , 263 , Yazdı , Qiva m al-Dı n Muh ammad, xiv , 11 , 264 , 265 , 267 , 280 , 281 33 – 5 , 41 , 89 , 111 , 146 , 214 and the H uru fı s, 282 and Iskandar b. ʿUmar-Shaykh, 42 his politics, 280 – 2 Yazdı , Sharaf al-Dı n, 2 , 27 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , ulus-i Hülegü , 58 , 178 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 49 , ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzı z, 186 , 273 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 60 , 62, 63 , 64 , 65 , ʿUmar b. al-Khat t a b, 196 , 273 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 76 , ʿUmar b. Mı ra nsha h, 173 , 178 , 233 , 77 , 78 , 80 , 81 , 83 , 84 , 88 , 89 , 92 , 97 , 234 , 235 99 , 104 , 105 , 109 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 120 , ʿUmar-Shaykh b. Pı r Muh ammad, 189 , 192 121 , 123 , 132 , 138 , 140 , 142 , 144 , 145 , ʿUmar-Shaykh b. Timur, 39 , 141 , 177 , 184 , 146 , 149 , 152 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 164 , 185 , 196 166 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 190 , 191 , ʿUmar-Shaykhids, 233 , 234 200 , 201 , 207 , 208 , 210 , 212 , 214 , 219 , unity of God, see tawh ı , d tevhîd 220 , 221 , 229 , 232 , 234 , 244 , 245 , 249 , ʿUrayz ı? sayyid s, see A l-i Niz a m 255 , 257 , 259 , 260 , 262 , 264 , 265 , 266 , Urunbaev, Asom, 224 , 245 267 , 271 , 272 , 284 , 292

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340

340 Index

Yazdı, Sharaf al-Dıncont. ( ) Z afarna ma , by Yazdı xv , , 2 , 22 , 27 , 44 , 45 , ancestry and family, 27 – 33 48 , 52 , 67 , 100 , 114 , 156 , 173 , 174 , and ahl-i tah qı , q 101 175 , 200 , 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 205 , and H a fiz -i Abru , 234 – 6 207 , 208 , 212 , 213 , 214 , 215 , 216 , and his travels, 39 217 , 218 , 219 , 221 , 224 , 225 , 226 , and H usayn Akhla ı t 38 , , 120 – 1 , 122 235 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 241 , 244 , 245 , and Ibn ʿArabı 99 , 253 , 257 , 261 , 265 , 285 , 286 and Ibra hı m-Sult a n, 43 – 9 , 215 1436 Z afarna ma , xvi , 22 , 204 , 219 , 220 , and Ja mı 78 , – 80 242 – 3 , 244 and Jurja nı 94 , – 6 and its translations, 218 – 19 and Navaʾ ı 68 , – 9 its composition, 44 , 219 – 21 , 240 – 3 and Sult a n-Muh ammad, 61 – 6 , 268 – 9 its structure, 221 – 3 and the H uru fı s, 156 – 8 Wrocław manuscript, 241 – 2 , 244 and the Ikhva n al-s afa 110 , – 11 Z ahı r-i aghı S r, 34 , 66 , 101 and the Isfahan circle, 89 – 90 Zangı , Nu r al-Dı n, 186 and the Qaraqoyunlus, 73 Zaydı s, Zeidi s, 288 and Ulugh Beg, 44 Z ayl-i; Z afarna ma , by H a fiz -i Abru , as poet, 2 174 , 228 birth, 26 – 7 Zayn al-ʿA bidı n b. Sha h Shujaʿ, 91 , 157 family, 33 – 5 Zayn al-Dı n adr, S 58 , 59 historiography on, 201 – 3 Zı j-i lkha I nı, 4 , 272 on khila fa, 286 Zı j-i Sult a nı, 4 views on tawh ı , d 101 – 4 Z . iyaʾ al-Dı n H usayn (IIIb), 30 , 31 , 32 views on the muʿamma , 83 – 5 Z . iyaʾ al-Dı n Muh ammad (IId), 29 Yu nus Oghla n, son of Vays Khan, 49 , 50 Z . iyaʾ al-Dı n Muh ammad (Vb), 33 , 36 Yu suf Khva ja, 55 Z. iyaʾ al-Dı n Nu rulla h b. Amı r Khalı lulla h, 58 Z afarna ma , by Niz a m al-Dı n Sha mı 94 , , Z. iyaʾ al-Dı n Yu suf b. Muʿı n, 167 168 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 179 , 208 , Zubdat al-a a s , r 166 , 207 223 , 234 , 246 Zubdat al-tava rı kh-i Ba ysunghurı , 141 , 193 , Z afarna ma , by Shiha b al-Dı n Munshı , 224 , 232 , 233 , 234 , 235 , 246 , 253 167 z uhu r , 150 , 254 , 255 , 256 , 257