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VOL 1 / NO 4 April 2003 www.worldbank.org.in News & Views Quarterly 33487 Public Disclosure Authorized

the Public Disclosure Authorized World Bank in

yesterday out of school tomorrow a teacher Public Disclosure Authorized amesh is 12, and a victim of polio. His ○○○○○○○○○○○ Velugu (Eternal Light) works with 2.6 million parents had decided that he had no need poorest households in the districts of Anantapur, Rto go to school. But members of the Adilabad, Chittoor, Mahboobnagar, Srikakulam parent support group in his village of Medipally and Vizianagaram on the principle that in Ranga Reddy district of communities can enhance their economic and convinced them that he should. And so he does, social capital if they build their own using an improvised ‘walker’ made of locally organizations and take decisions on issues available wood. He does well, seldom needing ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ concerning themselves. It is the first project of its help with his homework, and he wants to be a type to invest in empowerment and income teacher. generation of disabled people, and Hakimpet- Medipally is one of the villages where the When Judy Huemann, the World Bank’s Adviser initiative of integrating disabled people, with on Disability and Development, came to India in their own active involvement, into the February to gain a better understanding of the mainstream of rural poverty alleviation programs

Public Disclosure Authorized country’s disability issues and programs, she is being attempted. About 40 persons in visited Andhra Pradesh to observe the disability Medipally, which has 600 families, suffer from component of the Andhra Pradesh District disabilities associated with cerebral palsy, polio, Poverty Initiatives Project (APDPIP or Velugu), and blindness, and other ailments. to help integrate its lessons into the recently approved Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty It is here that Huemann met with the ‘Sangam’ Reduction Project. (self-help group) of 21 disabled people – a

CONTENTS 2 ABCDE in Bangalore 3 A healthy partnership 5 Cut down red tape 6 News and Events 8 A message for all women 9 Recent Project Approvals 9 Forthcoming Events 10 New Additions to the Public Information Center 12 Contact Information the 2 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

combination of women and children,including ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ project, the District Primary Education Project. Ramesh. The group was initiated two years ago. Disabled children who are out of school are It has saved about Rs 16,000 so far and is being identified, regular teachers are being working on setting up a Community Investment trained to teach them, aids and equipment are Fund. This will enable members to get into being provided, and school buildings are being income generation activities, and they are also fitted with ramps and suitable toilets. keen to establish a rehabilitation center. “Before no one called us by our name, they called us by Huemann says the Bank’s ultimate goal is to our disability,” they say. Now they feel less alone integrate disability into all its projects. Adds because they have been able to talk to others Michael Carter, the World Bank’s Country working in the community, share their common Director for India, “The Bank’s interventions can ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ concerns, and have come together to improve make a difference. We’ve seen that happen with their lives. gender and our expectation is that it will happen for disabled people as well.” The disabled form Most of the children, however, are still out of part of the Diversity Agenda of the Bank’s own school. “If you deny disabled people education, hiring procedures. then it is the lack of education and not their disabilities that limits their opportunities,” says During her interactions with NGOs, government Huemann. “Bringing parents of disabled children officials and Bank staff in New , Huemann into the group is an important step as it spoke of her own childhood. “My parents were empowers them. It gives them a voice and great. I was one of three children and wasn’t support from other parents, and it gives the allowed to go to school. Since they couldn’t disabled children confidence, recognition, accept that, they became advocates opportunity and hope. APDPIP is helping do just themselves.” this.”

Addressing the needs of disabled children is an Ramesh of Medipally village, Andhra Pradesh: important part of another Bank-supported Happy to be in school

“If you deny disabled people education, then it is the lack of education and not their disabilities that limits their opportunities” the 3 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

Bangalore, May 21-22: First ABCDE in a developing country ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ “This conference will provide a valuable opportunity for local researchers to contribute

to and benefit from with India’s National Institute of Applied interactions with the wider Economic Research and other development institutes based in India and other countries in research community.” the region. Conference topics include:

• Fostering Entrepreneurship, Innovation ne of the world’s best-known and Growth conferences on development, the World • Challenges of Development in Lagging OBank’s Annual Bank Conference on Regions Development Economics (ABCDE), will be held • Participation, Inclusion and Results this year for the first time in a developing • Scaling Up and Evaluation country. During the 2003 ABCDE, to be held in Bangalore on May 21 and 22, eminent scholars Nicholas Stern, Senior Vice President and Chief and development practitioners from around the Economist of the World Bank, will open the world will present new research findings and conference and deliver one of the keynote discuss key policy issues related to poverty speeches. He previously taught at the Indian reduction around the theme of “Accelerating Statistical Institute in Bangalore and Delhi and Development”. leads an a unusual research program that has tracked development for more than five decades “India and Indians have been at the forefront of in a single village in . “I am very research in development economics,” says pleased that the first ABCDE held in a Michael Carter, World Bank Country Director for developing country will be in India,” he says. “It India. “This conference will provide a valuable is especially fitting that it will be held in opportunity for local researchers to contribute to Bangalore, a global knowledge centre.” and benefit from interactions with the wider research community.” A second keynote address will be by Azim Hasham Premji, Chairman of Bangalore’s Wipro The ABCDE has been held annually in Corporation. Washington DC since 1989; for the past four years, a similar conference has also been held Other speakers include Francois Bourguignon of each year in . Starting with this year’s the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences meet in Bangalore, each of these conferences Sociales, Possiy, ; Partha Dasgupta of will be hosted by a developing country every Cambridge University; Justin Lin of Hong Kong ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ other year. The change reflects the growing University; Rakesh Mohan, Deputy Governor of importance of research done in developing the Reserve Bank of India; Jean Philippe Platteau countries, and the desire to bring the of the University of Namur, Belgium; Karen conferences closer to participants in the Polenske of the Massachusetts Institute of developing world. Technology; T. N. Srinivasan, of Yale University; and Anthony Venables of the London School of The ABCDE conferences are sponsored by the Economics. World Bank Development Economics Vice- Presidency (DEC). This year’s gathering in For more information, please visit: Bangalore is being organized in collaboration http://econ.worldbank.org/abcde/ the 4 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

Family Welfare Urban Slums Project: A very healthy partnership

A vocational training session in

his is a story of an effective partnership ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ that has helped to improve Reproductive Tand Child Health (RCH) outcomes for the workers, who were drawn from the same urban poor in Kolkata. Besides measurable community they served, were supported by changes like lower fertility and infant mortality paramedics and part time medical officers rates, there have been several crucial qualitative contracted from the private sector. gains such as strong community ownership, and development of a political consensus on making Maternity and obstetric care, diagnostic facilities, reproductive and child health a social priority. and specialized care were provided at outpatient departments at a modest cost through specialists A total of 3.8 million poor people (family income whose services were scheduled during their lean less than US$ 32 or roughly Rs 1500 per month) hours. The Kolkata Metropolitan Development from three municipal corporations (Howrah, Authority fully decentralized the program, Chandannagar, and part of Kolkata), and 37 limiting its role to technical oversight and smaller municipalities benefited from this troubleshooting. This made the elected partnership, supported by the World Bank- representatives of local bodies fully accountable financed (US$ 71.4 million) Family Welfare Urban for program implementation. Slums Project. The project was implemented in four metro cities under the stewardship of the Some conclusions from the Kolkata initiative are: Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare over 1994-2002. The model has now been extended • No single agency can effectively address the to 20 more cities in West with support growing health needs of the urban poor. from the UK’s Department for International Strategic partnerships between the public and Development (DFID) and the Bank. private sectors and the communities not only improve access to the poor, but also help keep

The project provided basic community outreach ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ recurring costs low. as well as facility-based RCH services, including counseling, to the urban poor. Those above the • Demonstrating change requires long-term poverty line received services at below-market societal commitment and support to health and costs. equity, with linkages among ongoing health and development programs. The Kolkata initiative A large fleet of trained neighborhood workers was built on successive Bank and DFID supported mobilized the poor communities for community development programs over two immunization, family planning, and other basic decades. and referral services. They also undertook women’s empowerment initiatives, including • To firmly institutionalize the reform, there is reproductive health education, vocational skills need to decentralize the program and fully training, and entrepreneurship development. The engage local governments in the process. the 5 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

Ownership by local municipalities is a critical ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ referral back-up (small neighborhood maternity factor. homes) beyond home-based RCH care, with optimal cost-sharing. • Although providing basic health services continues to be the primary responsibility of the • Empowering women about their reproductive government, identifying and targeting these rights and inputs for making them more services to the poor is important to improve economically self-reliant should go hand in hand health outcomes. If the poor have been well with supply-driven initiatives to improve physical identified, differential user fees can be an access to RCH services. effective instrument to protect and cross- subsidize the poor. A detailed summary of lessons learnt from the project is now being published as a case study – • It is important to ensure appropriate essential Kolkata for Mother and Child.

Help the poor by cutting red tape

By James D. ur challenge is to maximize every dollar of foreign aid delivered Wolfensohn to developing countries by cutting through the red tape that President of the Ooften ensnares even the simplest projects. We in the World Bank development community must take off the national and institutional flags that are often attached to projects merely for good public relations at home. We must reduce the costs to the poorest countries of meeting donor demands for oversight and evaluation, essential as they are to good outcomes. Fundamentally, we must look to support and strengthen the policies and procedures of the developing countries themselves, aligning our own requirements with the home-grown approaches of developing nations. We must forge stronger and more effective partnerships within our community of aid agencies and donors, partnerships that are truly based on coordinated policies and practices (Extracts from a piece to match our common goals of reducing poverty. written on the eve of the February meeting in Rome, where Today, there are more than 63,000 aid projects underway in the representatives of 26 developing world, often with different sets of procurement, evaluation, developing nations environmental, and social approaches. Too often, donors run parallel and the international projects even in the same district, splintering assistance into multiple aid community met to high-cost aid boutiques. The consultancy industry that has sprung up find ways to better around foreign aid is worth $4 billion a year in Africa alone. World Bank coordinate their studies show that a developing country typically may be dealing with 30 efforts to reduce aid agencies across a wide range of social sectors. On average, each poverty.) agency sends at least five missions a year to oversee its projects. For governments already stretched to make the most of their resources, the result is an enormous amount of time and money spent hosting nearly three aid agency missions a week.

By harmonizing our aid policies and procedures, we hope to save developing countries time and money, speeding the delivery of the assistance and making it much more effective and efficient.

To achieve this, the international community will have to change decades of past practices. If, as a global donor community, we can get our act together, we will have taken a crucial step forward in meeting the goal of halving the numbers of people who live in poverty by 2015. the 6 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

News and Events ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

Bank’, and to improve people’s understanding of the Bank and what it stands for.”

In order to reach out to people in their own language, the Bank translated and distributed some information on its India program, as well as the most recent speech of President Wolfensohn, in Bengali, the local language. These proved very popular.

In an interesting example of teamwork across the Bank’s regional offices, colleagues from the WB stall at Kolkata Fair Bank’s Dhaka office helped man the stall. Abdul Mazid, Team Assistant, Office, said: The World Bank’s India country office “Most of the visitors were Bengali-speaking, and participated in the 28th Kolkata Book Fair, were very happy to interact with me in their probably the largest of its kind in the world.The mother tongue. My experience was that after I Book Fair, held from 28 January to 9 February, greeted them in Bengali, the visitors asked more ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ attracted nearly 2.5 million visitors, making it questions about the Bank, and the Bank stall bigger, in this respect, than even the world’s seemed that much more accessible to them.” premier book at . Booklovers spent endless hours at the fair, pouring over 50,000 titles in 600 stalls. Of these, 10,000 titles Call for Proposals were in languages like French, German, Spanish and Swedish. The stalls also displayed 215 The Development Marketplace 2003 has magazines from various Indian states and announced its Call for Proposals, beginning neighboring Bangladesh. March 3. The window remains open through May 2. Finalists will be announced in mid-July, The World Bank’s stall showcased its research and operational publications, web resources, and activities in India, and attracted more than 600 “footfalls” per day. The Bank’s participation was based on a three-point objective, says Hema Balasubramanian, Public Information Centre In- and the competition will culminate with the charge and Librarian at the Office. Marketplace and Knowledge Forum on “We were aware of the large number of visitors December 3-4, 2003 at the World Bank at the Kolkata Book Fair. We saw this as a headquarters in Washington. wonderful opportunity to provide information on the Bank’s diverse activities in India, to increase The Development Marketplace is a program that awareness of the World Bank as a ‘Knowledge promotes innovative development ideas through the 7 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ for urban health in India, shared experiences from within India and other countries, and outlined possible solutions in health communication for the urban poor. early stage seed funding. It links social entrepreneurs who have ideas to fight poverty Signing: Technical/Engineering Quality with partners who have the resources to help Improvement Project implement their vision. It seeks the most creative February 4, 2003 (New Delhi) approaches with the greatest potential for scaling up. Since 1998, the Development Marketplace The US$ 250 million IDA credit in support of the has awarded more than $14 million to over 200 Technical/Engineering Quality Improvement groundbreaking projects through Global Competitions and Country Innovation Days. ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

DM2003 is seeking proposals on innovative ideas for Making Services Work for Poor People. All proposals must be submitted online through the Development Market website, www.developmentmarketplace.org. The site contains links to all the information you need to submit a proposal.

For more information, please contact Geetanjali Chopra at Michael Carter, World Bank Country Director for India, and [email protected] Adarsh Kishore, Additional Secretary, Ministry of Finance, sign the agreement

OTHER EVENTS Project was signed at the Ministry of Finance. The credit will help India boost the quality of its Workshop: Private-Public Partnerships for emerging young technicians and engineers by Tuberculosis Control in India supporting engineering colleges, technical February 25-26, 2003 (New Delhi) universities and polytechnics in achieving their own visions of academic excellence. The project The meeting discussed current experience with will be implemented in , Himachal private-public partnerships, reviewed Pradesh, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, , international models and strategies, and and Uttar Pradesh under the coordination of the discussed issues within the areas of contracting, Department of Secondary and Higher Education subsidies and incentives, self-regulation, and in the Union Ministry of Human Resource scaling up. It was attended by officials from the Development. Central, state and municipal governments, multilateral and bilateral organizations, national institutes, private sector partners, academics, Signing: UP roads project loan and NGOs. A report on the deliberations and February 19, 2003 (New Delhi) outcomes is being prepared. The US$ 488 million loan in support of the Uttar Pradesh State Roads Project was signed at the Workshop: Opportunities and Challenges Ministry of Finance on. India’s most populous of Communication for Urban Health state will benefit from a 3,500-km upgrade of its March 13, 2003 (New Delhi) existing road network in a state-wide scheme expected to have positive impacts on economic This consultation was organized under the ambit growth and poverty reduction. The project will of the World Bank’s ongoing study on “Health also enhance the capacity of the Public Works of the Poor in Urban India.” The meeting Department, the state’s main road agency, to discussed key issues relating to communication manage and deliver quality road services. the 8 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

A message for all women

The World Bank’s New Delhi Office and the Water and Sanitation Program – South jointly hosted Lushin Dubey’s play Untitled at the World Bank premises on 19 February. The bilingual play has no script – just a basic concept stressing the plight of women, and their fight to find their identity and make themselves heard. It draws its thematic base from ’s Medea and Vijaydan Detha’s Nyari Nyari Maryada. Dubey, who portrayed 10 female characters with only puppets as her co-stars, had the audience enthralled by her versatile acting and powerful message.

“The play is 85 per cent in Hindi and 15 per cent in English. The only props are a puppet, dupatta, hat, stick and a mask,” says Dubey. “It is about women in general belonging to different sections and the way they are treated; it’s about the plight of dominated women. With Untitled, I am making a case for women’s emancipation.”

The play was directed by Arvind Gaur.

A scene from ‘Untitled’ the 9 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

Recent Project Approvals

Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project (February 20, 2003)

This US$150 million IDA credit is expected to benefit over two million households. The project aims to enable poor people, particularly the poorest of the poor, to participate in decisions that affect their lives and livelihoods, and thus take control of and improve their quality of life. It aims to strengthen self-help groups at the grassroot level, enhance the capacity of local governments to respond to the needs of the rural poor, and support out-of-school children and people with disabilities. It builds on the foundations and lessons of the Andhra Pradesh District Poverty Initiatives Project (APDPIP), which started in 2000 and

was implemented in six districts.

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

Forthcoming Events

Report Launch: Global Development Finance 2003 April 2, 2003 (New Delhi)

Global Development Finance is one of the Bank’s annual flagship publications. This year the report, which is titled Global Development Finance 2003: Stable Finance for Sustained Growth, addresses the basic issues of what can be done to promote access by developing countries to external capital, and how to ensure that this flow of external capital is stable and sustainable.

For more details, please visit: www.worldbank.org

Gender sensitizing workshop April 7-11, 2003 (New Delhi)

A five-day workshop titled “Understanding Women’s Empowerment and Child Development in the 21st Century: Humanitarian Initiatives for Social Change”will be held in New Delhi from 7 to 11 April to sensitize Delhi Police personnel on gender issues. It is organized by the Coalition for Rural Empowerment in partnership with the Department of Women & Child Development, Union Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Social Welfare, Government of Delhi, the Central Social Welfare Board, the National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development, the National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development, and the Slum & JJ Department of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi. The World Bank is sponsoring the workshop, which will be followed by a series of events through the year.

One important focus of the World Bank’s India Gender Plan which looks at opportunities and strategies to make gender issues an inherent part of mainstream public policies, is to aid the creation of an enabling environment. This is essential for women and girls to be able to access social services and also participate in economic activities. “A sensitized and supportive environment is important. Tracking change in the attitude and behavior of those responsible for humanitarian initiatives for social development, including the Delhi Police, will have useful lessons for others to adopt,” says Varalakshmi Vemuru, Senior Social Development Specialist at the Bank’s New Delhi Office. the 10 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

New Additions to the Public Information Center

This is a select listing of recent World Bank ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Regional Integration and Development publications, working papers, operational by Maurice Schiff, L. Alan Winters documents and other information resources Price: $ 35.00 that are now available at the New Delhi English - 322 pages 6 x 9 by , Office and Public Information Center. World Bank ISBN: 0-8213-5078-1 SKU: 15078

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INDIA PROJECT DOCUMENTS Coping with the Cold: Heating Strategies for Eastern Europe and Central Asia’s Urban Poor by Anke S. Meyer, Julian A. Lampietti Policy Research Working Papers, Project Appraisal Price: $ 10.00 Documents, Project Information Documents and other Available Immediately reports can be downloaded in pdf format from English - 72 pages 8.375 x 10.75 “Documents and Reports” at www.worldbank.org Published January 2003 by World Bank ISBN: 0-8213-5328-4 SKU: 15328 Implementation Completion Report

Title: India - Cataract Blindness Control Project New Social Policy Agendas for Europe and Asia: Date: 2002/12/17 Challenges, Experience, and Lessons Project ID: P010455 Edited by Katherine Marshall, Olivier Butzbach Sector: Health, Nutrition & Population Price: $ 35.00 Sub-Sector: Central government administration , Sub- Available Immediately national government Administration, Health English - 584 pages 6 x 9 Report No.: 25232 Published December 2002 by World Bank Related Documents: Staff Appraisal Document ISBN: 0-8213-5201-6 SKU: 15201

Project Appraisal Document When Things Fall Apart: Qualitative Studies of Poverty in the Former Soviet Union Title: India - Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Edited by Nora Dudwick, Elizabeth Gomart, Alexandre Project Marc, Kathleen Kuehnast Date: 2003/01/14 Price: $ 25.00 Project ID: P071272 English BC 464 pages 6.125 x 9.25 Sector: Law and justice and public administration the 12 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Sub-Sector: General agriculture, fishing and forestry Report No.: 25060 sector, Sub-national government administration, Other Related Documents: Project Information Document social services Report No.: PID10843 Related Documents: Project Information Project Information Documents Document,Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet Title: India - Madhya Pradesh Water Sector Restructuring Project Indigenous Peoples Plan, and Environmental Date: 2002/12/10 Assessment Project ID: P073370 Sector: Agriculture, fishing, and forestry Title: India - Uttar Pradesh State Roads Project Sub-Sector: Irrigation and drainage Sub-national Date: 2002/11/18 government administration, General water, sanitation Project ID: P067606 and flood protection sector Sector: Transportation Report No.: PID11521 Sub-Sector: Sub-national government administration Related Documents : Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet Roads and highways Report No.: 23821 Related Documents: Project Information Document, Title: India - Chhattisgarh District Rural Poverty Project Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet, Resettlement Plan, Date: 2002/12/02 and Environmental Assessment Project ID: P076467 Sector: Agriculture, fishing, and forestry Sub-Sector: General agriculture, fishing and forestry Resettlement Plan sector, Sub-national government administration Other social services Title: India - Road Sector Project Report No.: PID11499 Date: 2002/12/31 Related Documents: Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet, Project ID: P050649 Indigenous Peoples Plan, Sector: Transportation and Environmental Assessment Sub-Sector: Sub-national government administration Roads and highways Report No.: RP129 Related Documents: Project Information Document, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERS Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet, 2986 Government Bonds in Domestic and Foreign Integrated Safeguards Data Sheets Currency: The Role of Macroeconomic and Institutional Factors by Daniela Klingebiel, Stijn Title: India - Chhattisgarh District Rural Poverty Project Claessens, and Sergio Schmukler Date: 2002/12/13 Project ID: P076467 Sector: Agriculture, fishing, and forestry 2985 Sub-Sector: General agriculture, fishing and forestry The Impact of Minimum Wages on Employment in sector Sub-national government administration Other a Low Income Country: An Evaluation Using the social services Difference-in-Differences Approach by Lisa A. Report No.: 25231 Cameron, and Vivi Alatas Related Documents: Project Information Document, Environmental Assessment, Indigenous Peoples Plan 2984 Title: India - Second Maharashtra Rural Water Supply Finance and Income Inequality: Test of Alternative and Sanitation Project Theories by George Clarke, Lixin Colin Xu, and Heng- Date: 2002/11/13 Fu Zou Project ID: P073369 Sector: Water, sanitation and flood protection Sub-Sector: Sanitation Water supply 2983 Report No.: 25122 Telecommunication Reform in Ghana by Luke Haggarty, Mary M. Shirley, and Scott Wallsten Title: India - Rural Roads Project Date: 2002/10/29 Project ID: P077977 2982 Sector: Law and justice and public administration Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment Sub-Sector: Sub-national government administration in by Andreas Blom, Norbert R. Schady, Pinelopi Roads and highways Goldberg, and Nina Pavcnik the 13 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

2970 2981 ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ The Social Impact of Social Funds in Jamaica: A Voice Lessons: Local Government Organizations, Mixed-Methods Analysis of Participation, Social Organizations, and the Quality of Local Targeting, and Collective Action in Community- Governance by Vivi Alatas, Lant Pritchett, and Anna Driven Development by Ana Maria Ibanez, and Wetterberg Vijayendra Rao

2980 2969 Living and Dying with Hard Pegs: The Rise and Fall Fostering Community-Driven Development: What of Argentina’s Currency Board by Augusto de la Role for the State? By Helene Grandvoinnet, Mattia Torre, Eduardo Levy Yeyati, and Sergio Schmukler Romani, and Monica Das Gupta ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

2979 2968 Regulation and Internet Use in Developing Refining Policy with the Poor: Local Consultations Countries by Scott Wallsten on the Draft Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy in by Carrie Turk, and Edwin Shanks 2978 The Epidemiological Impact of an HIV Vaccine on the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Southern India by Nico J. 2967 D. Nagelkerke, and Sake J. De Vlas Malnutrition and Poverty in by Michele Gragnolati, and Alessandra Marini

2977 The Strategic Use and Potential Demand for an 2966 HIV Vaccine in Southern Africa by Christopher Health and Poverty in Guatemala by Michele Desmond, and Robert Greener Gragnolati, and Alessandra Marini

2976 2965 Rural Extension Services by Jock R. Anderson, and Informality Revisited by William F. Mahoney Gershon Feder

2964 2975 Wages and Productivity in Mexican Manufacturing Policy Options for Meeting the Millennium by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo Development Goals in Brazil: Can Micro- Simulations Help? By Francisco H. G. Ferreira, and Phillippe G. Leite 2963 Catastrophe Insurance Market in the Caribbean Region: Market Failures and Recommendations for 2974 Public Sector Interventions by Philippe Auffret From Knowledge to Wealth: Transforming Russian Science and Technology for a Modern Knowlege Economy by Alfred Watkins 2962 High Consumption Volatility: The Impact of Natural Disasters? By Philippe Auffret 2973 Property Rights, Licensing, and Innovation by Keith E. Maskus, and Guifang Yang 2961 Strategic Planning for Poverty Reduction in Vietnam: Progress and Challenges for Meeting the 2972 Localized Millennium Development Goals by Carrie Economic Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: Findings Turk, and Rob Swinkels from a New Data Set by Richard H. Adams Jr.

2960 2971 The Poverty/Environment Nexus in Cambodia and Short but not Sweet: New Evidence on Short Lao People’s Democratic Republic by Susmita Duration Morbidities from India by Carolina Dasgupta, Uwe Deichmann, Craig Meisner, and David Sánchez-Páramo, and Jishnu Das Wheeler the 14 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

2959 ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Wage Differentials and State-Private Sector Employment Choice in the Federal Republic of Philippines by Donald F. Larson, Rita Butzer, and Yair Yugoslavia by Branko Jovanovic, and Michael M. Mundlak Lokshin

2948 2958 The Impact of Contractual Savings Institutions on Globalization and Workers in Developing Securities Markets by Alberto R. Musalem, Gregorio Countries by Martín Rama Impavido, and Thierry Tresse

2957 2947 Mexico: In-Firm Training for the Knowledge Tax Systems in Transition by Pradeep Mitra, and Economy by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo, and Hong Tan Nicholas H. Stern

2956 2946 Survey Compliance and the Distribution of Income Rapid Labor Reallocation with a Stagnant by Johan Mistiaen, and Martin Ravallion Unemployment Pool: The Puzzle of the Labor Market in Lithuania by Jan Rutkowski

2955 The Perversity of Preferences: The Generalized 2945 System of Preferences and Developing Country Micro-Finance and Poverty: Evidence Using Panel Trade Policies, 1976–2000 by Caglar Ozden, and Eric Data from Bangladesh by Shahidur R. Khandker Reinhardt

2944 2954 Regulation, Productivity and Growth: OECD Never Too Late to Get Together Again: Turning the Evidence by Giuseppe Nicoletti, and Stefano Scarpetta Czech and Slovak Customs Union into a Stepping Stone to EU Integration by Bartlomiej Kaminski, and Beata Smarzynska 2943 Capital Flows, Country Risk, and Contagion by Norbert M. Fiess 2953 Health Facility Surveys: An Introduction by Magnus Lindelow, and Adam Wagstaff 2942 Why is Son Preference so Persistent in East and South Asia? A Cross-Country Study of China, India, 2952 and the Republic of Korea by Li Bohua, Woojin The Effects of a Fee-Waiver Program on Health Chung, Monica Das Gupta, Bae Hwa-Ok, Jiang Care Utilization among the Poor: Evidence from Zhenghua, and Xie Zhenming Armenia by Edmundo Murrugarra, Nazmul Chaudhury, and Jeffrey S. Hammer 2941 Income Convergence during the Disintegration of 2951 the World Economy, 1919–39 by Branko Milanovic Land Allocation in Vietnam’s Agrarian Transition by Martin Ravallion, and Dominique van de Walle 2940 The Potential Demand for an HIV/AIDS Vaccine in 2950 Brazil by Jose de la Rocha Carvalheiro, Moises Is the Emerging Nonfarm Market Economy the Goldbaum, Samuel Kilsztajn, Expedito J. A. Luna, Route Out of Poverty in Vietnam? By Dorothyjean Hillegonda Maria Dutilh Novaes, and Anaclaudia Cratty, and Dominique van de Walle Rossbach

2949 2939 Intersectoral Migration in Southeast Asia: School Attendance and Child Labor in Ecuador by Evidence from Indonesia, Thailand, and the Gladys López-Acevedo the 15 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

2938 Recurrent Expenditure Requirements of Capital Projects: Estimation for Budget Purposes by Ron Hood, David Husband, and Fei Yu

2937 The Determinants of Government Environmental Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Chinese Townships by Wenhua Di, and Hua Wang

2936 Industrial Ownership and Environmental Performance: Evidence from China by Yanhong Jin, and Hua Wang ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

2935 Missed Opportunities: Innovation and Resource- Based Growth in by William F. Mahoney

2934 After the Big Bang? Obstacles to the Emergence of the Rule of Law in Post-Communist Societies by Karla Hoff, and Joseph E. Stiglitz

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Mainstreaming Poverty and Social Impact Analysis

Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) is the analysis of the impact of policy reforms on the welfare of different stakeholder groups. This type of analysis plays an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies (PRSPs) by informing policy choices and fostering policy debate within a country. In recent months, the Bank has been supporting the PSIA of major reforms in a more systematic manner.

The PSIA approach brings together various tools and techniques available for impact analysis; a step-by- step methodology has been developed. The PSIA website is a forum for interaction and sharing of methods, case studies, and lessons learned: http://www.worldbank.org/psia the 16 World Bank in India News & Views Quarterly

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