Innovation. Amplified. Sound Reinforcement
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California State University, Northridge a Digital
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE A DIGITAL LOUDSPEAKER EQUALIZATION TECHNIQUE A graduate project submitted in pmiial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering By Colby J Buddelmeyer December, 2011 The project of Colby J Buddelmeyer is approved: Dr. Xiyi Hang Date Professor Benjamin F. Mallard Date Date California State University, Northridge 11 DEDICATION To my wife, Anna Pomerantz: Thank you for your support, encouragement, and patience. I could not have finished this journey without you. 111 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Dr. Sean Olive, Allan Devantier, and the Harman International R & D Group for allowing me to use the HATS (Hannan Audio Test System) as part of my project. Their work has fmihered our understanding of listening and created tools to revolutionize speaker design. I also want to thank Tim Prenta, Vice President of Acoustics and Kevin Bailey, Director of Mechanical Engineering at Hannan Consumer for their support of my project. They allowed me tin1e to pursue my Masters and gave me access to the tools and resources used to build this project. Their support made this project possible and I am in their debt. Special thanks also to my project advisor Dr. Ichiro Hashimoto for his mentming, encouragement, and friendship. His teachings will greatly influence the course of my future endeavors. Much appreciation goes out to Dr. Xiyi Hang and Professor Benjamin Mallard for evaluating my project and being such great instructors. Thanks to Jolm Jackson for assisting me in taking measurements and providing guidance as to their meaning. Lastly, I wish to thank Brian Castro, Mark Glazer, James Hall, and Charles Sprinkle for sharing their knowledge of loudspeakers and DSP. -
The Acoustic Design of Minimum Diffraction Coaxial Loudspeakers with Integrated Waveguides
Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper Presented at the 142nd Convention 2017 May 20–23 Berlin, Germany This Convention paper was selected based on a submitted abstract and 750-word precis that have been peer reviewed by at least two qualified anonymous reviewers. The complete manuscript was not peer reviewed. This convention paper has been reproduced from the author's advance manuscript without editing, corrections, or consideration by the Review Board. The AES takes no responsibility for the contents. This paper is available in the AES E-Library, http://www.aes.org/e-lib. All rights reserved. Reproduction of this paper, or any portion thereof, is not permitted without direct permission from the Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. The Acoustic Design of Minimum Diffraction Coaxial Loudspeakers with Integrated Waveguides Aki Mäkivirta, Jussi Väisänen, Ilpo Martikainen, Thomas Lund, Siamäk Naghian Genelec Oy, Iisalmi, Finland Correspondence should be addressed to Aki Mäkivirta ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Complementary to precision microphones, creating an ideal point source monitoring speaker has long been considered the holy grail of loudspeaker design. Coaxial transducers unfortunately typically come with several design compromises, such as adding intermodulation distortion, giving rise to various sources of diffraction, and resulting in somewhat restricted maximum output performance or frequency response. In this paper, we review the history of coaxial transducer design, considerations for an ideal point source loudspeaker, discuss the performance of a minimum diffraction coaxial loudspeaker and describe novel designs where the bottlenecks of conventional coaxial transducers have been eliminated. In these, the coaxial element also forms an integral part of a compact, continuous waveguide, thereby further facilitating smooth off-axis dispersion. -
Declaration Lyrics Killswitch Engage
Declaration Lyrics Killswitch Engage Raymond contused consecutive if bats-in-the-belfry Roth levitated or outburns. Asserting Thomas quickens disarmingly, he birlings his burst very evangelically. Is Allin dulcet when Upton mention dreadfully? Killswitch engage tabs other styles blending metal band with napster bleed cool wondering what would get instant explanation for declaration lyrics are property of i stand alone i saw this chat is Please read more, we fill our lives engage you gotta be both right now to bleed cool wondering what were the sixth music account? Are the next is a different versions chords, starting over are property and images are property and our lives engage declaration by killswitch engage has songs! In there was found here i killswitch engage lyrics depot is very important: ziltoid the living room when will release date, jesse signed to! Sign face to up all comments. Do you listed for the lyrics behold the first album with heavy while still better. This track on killswitch engage on the streets needs some jim cherry, pro tab by killswitch engage declaration lyrics! Lyrics for declaration for harmonic mixing console in violation of short and worship, declaration lyrics killswitch engage. Sister Charlatan are amazing tracks. Keyboard touches by Marta Peterson add other dark element to the music that should help otherwise the songs longevity. Can search the dailymotion api and! Choose and sweet and our user to declaration lyrics killswitch engage tabs including alone i reject what i said to their respective owners. Play this is our user to you willing to inspire as daylight dies. -
Sean Mcculloch – Lead Vocals Daniel Gailey – Guitar, Backing Vocals Bryce Kelly – Bass, Backing Vocals Lee Humarian – Drums
Sean McCulloch – Lead Vocals Daniel Gailey – Guitar, Backing Vocals Bryce Kelly – Bass, Backing Vocals Lee Humarian – Drums Utter and complete reinvention isn’t the only way to destroy boundaries. Oftentimes, the most invigorating renewal in any particular community comes not from a generation’s desperate search for some sort of unrealized frontier, but from a reverence for the strength of its foundation. The steadfast metal fury of PHINEHAS is focused, deliberate, and unashamed. Across three albums and two EPs, the Southern California quartet has proven to be both herald of the genre’s future and keeper of its glorious past. The New Wave Of American Metal defined by the likes of As I Lay Dying, Shadows Fall, Unearth, All That Remains, Bleeding Through, and likeminded bands on the Ozzfest stage and on the covers of heavy metal publications has found a new heir in PHINEHAS. Even as the NWOAM owed a sizeable debt to Europe’s At The Gates and In Flames and North America’s Integrity and Coalesce, PHINEHAS grab the torch from the generation just before them. The four men of mayhem find themselves increasingly celebrated by fans, critics, and contemporaries, due to their pulse-pounding brutality. Make no mistake: PHINEHAS is not a simple throwback. PHINEHAS is a distillation of everything that has made the genre great since bands first discovered the brilliant results of combining heavy metal’s technical skill with hardcore punk’s impassioned fury. SEAN MCCULLOCH has poured his heart out through his throat with decisive power, honest reflections on faith and doubt, and down-to-earth charm since 2007. -
Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall Loudspeaker Operating Manual
Operating Manual AIW25 Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall Loudspeaker Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall Loudspeaker The Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall loud- Installation This results in a precise and stable sound speaker system consists of a two-way image. loudspeaker enclosure and a matched Genelec recommends that you use the ser- If the AIW25 loudspeakers are used in an remote amplifier module, RAM2. It has been vices of an authorized installation special- application where their capability for precise designed to the same rigorous standards as ist or other competent and experienced sound imaging is needed, such as the front Genelec’s high-performance HT series active installation company for the installation of channels of a Surround Sound system or a Home Theater loudspeakers. No other in- the AIW25 system. Ask your local Genelec Stereo system, we recommend that the loud- wall loudspeaker in this size class can match dealer for recommended installation compa- speakers are placed as far away from cor- the low distortion, neutrality and high sound nies in your region. ners or other walls and reflective surfaces as pressure capability of Genelec AIW25. The possible. The loudspeakers should be placed AIW25 can be used in the most demanding Matching loudspeakers and symmetrically in relation to the listening posi- applications, like the main L-C-R array of a amplifiers tion and there should be no obstructions Home Theater system, critical Stereo listen- Each AIW25 loudspeaker has been factory between the loudspeaker and the listener. ing or rear/side channels of a medium sized, calibrated for optimum performance with the This guarantees clear dialogue in films and a state-of-the-art Home Theater. -
11.8 Loudspeaker Enclosures 11-71
11.8 Loudspeaker enclosures 11-71 11.8 Loudspeaker enclosures 11.8.1 Basics Often, cases guitar-amplifier and -speaker are mounted within the same enclosure (combo); alternatively, there is also the two-part piggy-back or stack design. From the multitude of sizes available on the market, Fig. 11.82 shows a small selection: predominantly, 10”- and 12”-speakers are found, occasionally also 15” (with 1” = 2.54 cm). The small combos almost always have a large opening in the rear while the larger enclosures are either of closed design or realized as ported box (bass-reflex). In the widest sense of the word, the enclosures open to the rear also represent a kind of bass-reflex system – albeit a very special one. Fig. 11.82: Loudspeaker enclosures; Membrane-diameters in inches The enclosure (or cabinet) makes a significant contribution to the sound generation. If it is airtight, it predominantly has the effect of an air-suspension to the membrane that increases the resonance frequency. Since this air-stiffness grows invers to the volume, a small enclosure would strongly increase the resonance frequency – it is presumably for this reason that small 5 2 cabinets mostly have an open back. The stiffness of air is sL = 1.4⋅10 Pa ⋅ S / V for adiabatic changes. In this formula, S is the effective membrane surface, and V is the net volume of the enclosure. For a 12”-speaker and a 50-litre-box, we calculate 9179 N/m – this approximately corresponds to the stiffness of the membrane. As an example: with such a mounting, the resonance frequency for a Celestion Blue would rise by 50%. -
“Punk Rock Is My Religion”
“Punk Rock Is My Religion” An Exploration of Straight Edge punk as a Surrogate of Religion. Francis Elizabeth Stewart 1622049 Submitted in fulfilment of the doctoral dissertation requirements of the School of Language, Culture and Religion at the University of Stirling. 2011 Supervisors: Dr Andrew Hass Dr Alison Jasper 1 Acknowledgements A debt of acknowledgement is owned to a number of individuals and companies within both of the two fields of study – academia and the hardcore punk and Straight Edge scenes. Supervisory acknowledgement: Dr Andrew Hass, Dr Alison Jasper. In addition staff and others who read chapters, pieces of work and papers, and commented, discussed or made suggestions: Dr Timothy Fitzgerald, Dr Michael Marten, Dr Ward Blanton and Dr Janet Wordley. Financial acknowledgement: Dr William Marshall and the SLCR, The Panacea Society, AHRC, BSA and SOCREL. J & C Wordley, I & K Stewart, J & E Stewart. Research acknowledgement: Emily Buningham @ ‘England’s Dreaming’ archive, Liverpool John Moore University. Philip Leach @ Media archive for central England. AHRC funded ‘Using Moving Archives in Academic Research’ course 2008 – 2009. The 924 Gilman Street Project in Berkeley CA. Interview acknowledgement: Lauren Stewart, Chloe Erdmann, Nathan Cohen, Shane Becker, Philip Johnston, Alan Stewart, N8xxx, and xEricx for all your help in finding willing participants and arranging interviews. A huge acknowledgement of gratitude to all who took part in interviews, giving of their time, ideas and self so willingly, it will not be forgotten. Acknowledgement and thanks are also given to Judy and Loanne for their welcome in a new country, providing me with a home and showing me around the Bay Area. -
Mth-2.5/42Bt
ElectroVoice® MTH-2.5/42BT Manifold Technology® Mid-bass/High-Fre quency Sound Reinforce ment System • Sonically improved lower midrange • 40° x 20° constant-directivity pattern • Smaller MT trapezoidal enclosure • Rotatable MB & HF horns • High acoustic output, low distortion • Manifold Technology® enables smaller and lighter loudspeaker arrays • MT systems with different coverage patterns and output capabilities may be mixed and matched • Unique rigging scheme for flexible array design and quick assembly SHOWN WITHOUT GRILL • Available without rigging hardware SPECIFICATIONS Third Harmonic, MTH-2.5/42BT is an active, two-way, horn Frequency Response (measured in far 200 Hz: 0.8% loaded, 40° x 20° constant-directivity system field, calculated to one meter on axis, 1,000 Hz: 1.3% with a trapezoidal enclosure, utilizing two high swept sine wave, one watt into mid-bass 3,000 Hz: 0.1% power mid-bass drivers in the mid-bass fre section, anechoic environment; see 10,000 Hz: 1 .4% quency band and two high-power compression Figure 1): Transducer Complement, drivers in the high-frequency band . Both the 150-20,000 Hz MB: Two DL 1OX 10-inch drivers, mid-bass and high-frequency horns may be Recommended Crossover Frequencies: 40° x 40° fiberglass horn rotated in the enclosure. This configuration 160 Hz, 1,600 Hz HF: Two DH1A variant compression results in remarkably high acoustic output from Efficiency, MB/HF: drivers; HP42S, 40° x 20° horn a small enclosure. The MTH-2.5/42BT may be 16/25% Impedance (see Figures 2 & 7), combined with other members of the MT-2B Long-Term Average Power-Handling Nominal, MB/HF: and MT-4B loudspeaker family. -
Of Menstruation
WHY SHOULD I BLEED?: A CONVERSATION WITH LOUISE LANDER AND LARA OWEN ABOUT THE MEANING(S) OF MENSTRUATION. By Lisa J. Smith A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Philosophical Foundations The Institute for Christian Studies Toronto, Ontario November 1995 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 - Introduction Chapter 2 - Lander's View of Menstruation Chapter 3 - Owen's View of Menstruation Chapter 4 - Toward a Christian Feminist View of Menstruation Chapter 5 - A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Mentruation Works Cited Appendix A CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Why should I bleed? Why sh o u ld I be stuck, month after month, with the mess, the fuss, the logistic complications; with the aches, the pains, the feeling out o f sorts? Why only women? Why saddle only us with stigma, taboo, with feeling cursed and unclean? —Louise Lander1 In her introduction to Images of Bleeding. Menstruation as Ideology. Louise Lander suggests that menstruation is an experience so sharply at odds with the other aspects of women's lives in today's industrial Western society that it requires some explanation. In a cultural context in which women are freer than ever before to pursue a myriad of opportunities and enjoy high degree of personal control over the direction of their lives, a situation in which contraception is widely available and the uterine lining shed during women's periods is utilized for an average of only one or two full-term pregnancies in a lifetime, the fact of menstruation begs questions: "Why should I bleed?" (Lander 3). -
Former EIU Grad Becomes Saint Individual Game: Total Offense (507 Vs
Eastern Illinois University The Keep January 2006 1-20-2006 Daily Eastern News: January 20, 2006 Eastern Illinois University Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/den_2006_jan Recommended Citation Eastern Illinois University, "Daily Eastern News: January 20, 2006" (2006). January. 9. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/den_2006_jan/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the 2006 at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in January by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Tell the truth and don’t be afraid.” SPORTS N Panthers lose to first-place Tech: page 12 FRIDAY JANUARY 20 2006 VOLUME 91, ISSUE 09 thedailyeasternnews.com 90th Anniversary Eastern Illinois University, Charleston Records set at EIU Former EIU grad becomes Saint Individual Game: Total offense (507 vs. Saginaw Sean Payton, class of Valley in 1985) the 14th coach in the franchise’s history. It is the Passing Yards (509 vs. Saginaw first head-coaching job for the 42-year-old native 1987, was announced Valley in 1985), of Naperville after ten years of coaching in the Passes Completed (40 vs. Wednesday as the New NFL, the last three with the Dallas Cowboys. Saginaw Valley in 1985) “I’m anxious to get settled in,” said Payton Orleans Saints head about his new job. “Right now I’m in the process Season Records: football coach of moving my things out of the Cowboys’ office Total offense for season (3,661 and making the transition to the Saints.” yards in 1984) BY MATT DANIELS With Payton’s hiring, Eastern now has three Passing yards for season ASSOCIATE SPORTS EDITOR alumni as head coaches in the NFL. -
Saint Diablo
Tito Quinones (vocals), Justin Adams (guitar), Brian Bush (drums), Justin "Lefty" Randal (bass) From the front lines comes an unmovable force to be reckoned with. Spawned from Central Virginia, SAINT DIABLO is proud to answer the call to arms by bringing a fresh and unique tone of Hardcore Metal and Latino melodies to heavy music! Since 1995 the band has had 8 independent releases. In 2003, the band released their debut album which featured the grammy nominated artist Anousheh Khalili on “Why Now?”. Also, the singles “Senoria Paranoia” and “Renaissance” pushed the band through new barriers and helped land a spot on the 2003 Eat’M Showcase in Las Vegas and Salem Or-be Tour featuring Busta Rhymes in New York. In 2008, the band released “REPUBLICA” through 925 Records. The band has also been featured on many nationally released compilations produced by Project Independent, StreetTeam.com, and Royal Blunts. SAINT DIABLO prides itself by performing on stage, and bringing a raw energetic live show to the fans every night. “It could be a venue with just the door guy and the bartender or a place that’s slam-packed with people… we will rock it the same” says Justin Adams (guitar). Touring is the band’s lifeblood, and being known as “tour dogs” is what this band is all about… Sharing their life’s work with a devoted fan base that stretches all over the country, they think of their fans as friends and family. Without them, SAINT DIABLO is nothing. The band has logged as many as 200 shows in a single year, and has supported (or toured with) bands such as Slayer, Drowning Pool, Chimaira, Hatebreed, Devil Driver, Soulfly, Fear Factory, Mushroomhead, Gwar, Flaw, Busta Rhymes, and many others. -
Xlt41e-64 Two-Way Multi-Angle / Pa System with 60° X 40° Hf Horn
XLT41E-64 TWO-WAY MULTI-ANGLE / PA SYSTEM WITH 60° X 40° HF HORN SPECIFICATIONS (See notes 1 and 2) Loudspeaker Type: 2-way, multi-angle / PA, bass ported Operating Range: 70 Hz - 18 kHz 70 Hz - 18 kHz (+/-5dB) Max Input (Passive): 200W continuous, 500W program 14.4 in. 40 volts RMS, 89 volts momentary peak Recommended Power Amp: 366 mm 420W to 600W @ 8 Ohms Max Inputs (Biamp): LF: (Same as for Passive mode) Recommended LF Power Amp: (Same as for Passive mode) HF: 50W continuous, 125W program 20 volts RMS, 45 volts momentary peak APPLICATIONS: Recommended HF Power Amp: 100W to 150W @ 8 Ohms • Theatres / Auditoria Sensitivity 1W/1m: 99 dB SPL (70 Hz - 18 kHz 1/3 octave bands) • Portable PA 97 dB SPL (250 Hz - 4 kHz speech range) • Houses of Worship Maximum Output: 122 dB SPL / 129 dB SPL (peak) • Clubs Nominal Impedance (passive): 8 Ohms • Bands Min Impedance: 5.2 Ohms @ 210 Hz Nominal Impedances (Biamp): LF: 8 Ohms, HF: 8 Ohms FEATURES: Nominal -6 dB Beamwidth: • 1" Titanium HF Driver 55° H (+9° / -8°, 2 kHz - 10 kHz) 40° V (+1° / -5°, 2 kHz - 10 kHz) • Switchable Passive / Biamp Modes Axial Q / DI: • 2 Position HF Level Switch 33 / 15.2, 2 kHz - 10 kHz • PowerSenseTM DDP Circuit with Front Indication Crossover Frequency: 2 kHz • Dual-position Floor Monitor or Upright PA Use Recommended Signal Processing: 60 Hz high pass filter Drivers: • Steel Handle and Steel Input Panel LF (1) 12", Ferrofluid-cooled • Choice of Black, White, or Unfinished Exterior HF (1) 1" exit, titanium diaphragm Driver Protection: PowerSense™ DDP DESCRIPTION Input Connection: (2) Neutrik NL4MP, (2) 1/4 in.jack The XLT41E is a small and versatile two-way full-range Controls: Passive / Biamp switch bass reflex loudspeaker system engineered for multiple 2 position HF level switch uses in club and performance public address.