CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES
CHURCH ROAD CONSERVATION AREA NO.85
Consultation Draft, November 2020
Note: Every effort has been made interest. Therefore, the omission of any process a more detailed and up to date to ensure the accuracy of this feature does not necessarily convey assessment of a particular site and its document but due to the complexity a lack of significance. The Council will context is undertaken. This may reveal of conservation areas, it would be continue to assess each development additional considerations relating to impossible to include every facet proposal on its own merits, on a character or appearance which may be CHURCH ROAD contributing to the area’s special site-specific basis. As part of this of relevance to a particular case. 1 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Introduction
PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT The principal aims of conservation • Raise public interest and This document has been area appraisals are to: awareness of the special produced using the guidance set character of their area; out by Historic England in the 2019 • Describe the historic and publication titled Understanding architectural character and • Identify the positive features Place: Conservation Area appearance of the area which should be conserved, Designation, Appraisal and which will assist applicants in as well as negative features Management, Historic England making successful planning which indicate scope for future Advice Note 1 (Second Edition). applications and decision enhancements. makers in assessing planning This document will be a material applications; consideration when assessing planning applications.
WHAT IS A BUILDINGS OF CONSERVATION AREA CONSERVATION AREA? TOWNSCAPE MERIT APPRAISAL The statutory definition of a Buildings of Townscape Merit (BTMs) A conservation area appraisal aims conservation area is an ‘area of are buildings, groups of buildings or to describe the special historic and special architectural or historic structures of historic or architectural architectural character of an area. interest, the character or interest, which are locally listed A conservation area’s character appearance of which it is desirable due to their considerable local is defined by a combination of to preserve or enhance’. The power importance. The policy, as outlined elements such as architecture, uses, to designate conservation areas is in the Council’s Local Plan, sets materials and detailing as well as the given to local authorities through out a presumption against the relationship between buildings and the Planning (Listed Buildings and demolition of BTMs unless structural their settings. Conservations Areas) Act, 1990 evidence has been submitted by Many other elements contribute to (Sections 69 to 78). the applicant, and independently character and appearance such as verified at the cost of the applicant. Once designated, proposals within a the placement of buildings within conservation area become subject Locally specific guidance on their plots; views and vistas; the to local conservation policies set design and character is set out relationship between the street and out in Chapter 4 of the Council’s in the Council’s Buildings of the buildings and the presence of Local Plan and national policies Townscape Merit Supplementary trees and green space. outlined in part 12 of the National Planning Document (2015), which The conservation area appraisal Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). applicants are expected to follow is an evidence base rather than Our overarching duty which is set for any alterations and extensions a planning policy document. out in the Act is to preserve and/or to existing BTMs, or for any This means that it is the main enhance the historic or architectural replacement structures. document for recording what is of character or appearance of the principal importance in terms of conservation area. character and appearance of each conservation area. However, the relevant policies are contained within the Borough’s Local Plan, specifically Chapter 4 ‘Local Character and Design’. Refer to the Council’s website for the latest Local Plan.
CHURCH ROAD 2 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES
CONSERVATION AREAS
CA85
BOROUGH BOUNDARY
SCALE 1:40,000
0KM ¼ ½ ¾ 0MILES ¼ ½
Map showing Richmond Conservation Areas. Conservation Area 85, Church Road, highlighted.
1. Barnes Green 23. Ham House 45. Strawberry Vale 67. Parkleys Estate (Ham) 2. Kew Green 24. Twickenham Park 46. Rosecroft Gardens 68. Holmesdale Avenue 3. Richmond Green 25. Castelnau 47. Queens Road (Twickenham) 69. Sheen Common Drive 4. Richmond Riverside 26. The Grove 48. Amyand Park Road 70. Sheen Lane (Mortlake) 5. Richmond Hill 27. Teddington Lock 49. Crown Road 71. Fieldend (Twickenham) 6. Petersham 28. Broom Water 50. Sheendale Road 72. Hamilton Road 7. Ham Common 29. Belmont Road 51. Mortlake Green 73. Burlington Avenue and West 8. Twickenham Riverside 30. St Matthias 52. East Sheen Avenue Park Road 9. Twickenham Green 31. Sheen Road 53. White Hart Lane 74. Defoe and Ruskin Avenue 10. Trafalgar Road 32. Barnes Common 54. Waldegrave Park 75. Oaklands Estate 11. Hampton Court Green 33. Mortlake 55. Kew Road 76. Madrid Road 12. Hampton Village 34. Model Cottages 56. Beresford Avenue 77. Bushy Park Gardens 13. Christ Church Road 35. Queens Road (Mortlake) 57. Old Deer Park 78. Cole Park Road 14. Mill Hill 36. Kew Foot Road 58. Platt’s Eyot 79. Cowley Road 15. Kew Gardens 37. High Street (Teddington) 59. Normansfield 80. King Edward’s Grove 16. Thorne Passage 38. Hight Street (Hampton Hill) 60. Hampton Court Park 81. Royal Road 17. Central Richmond 39. Blackmore’s Grove 61. Bushy Park 82. St James’s Avenue 18. Hampton Wick 40. Pope’s Avenue 62. Richmond Park 83. Wick Road 19. St Margarets 41. Joanna Southcott Chapel 63. RoyaI Botanic Gardens 84. Broad Street 20. Lawn Crescent 42. Mays Road 64. Sheen Lane (East Sheen) 85. Church Road 21. Cambridge Park 43. Strawberry Hill Road 65. Hanworth Road (Hampton) 22. Park Road (Teddington) 44. Mallard Place 66. Richmond Road
CHURCH ROAD 3 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Statement of Significance
Summary of special • A hospital and its smaller displays its past use on its architectural and historic dispensary buildings are façade as the workplace and interest of conservation area. situated in this conservation dwelling of a stonemason; area and are of historic and • Victorian and Edwardian • Buildings of Townscape Merit architectural value. Both commercial and residential include the Teddington Baptist buildings are now converted to street which developed around Church (with a unique fully housing, but still display original the same time as nearby Broad glazed modern extension), the late 19th century architectural Street; Abercorn public house, and the features; hospital dispensary building. • Church Road became an • The area includes some The variety of building uses, important subsidiary street to buildings with evidence of both historic and current, add Broad Street, with several retail historic domestic and trade/ to the interest and character of units of a domestic scale, and commercial shared use. An the area. larger buildings with a periphery interesting survivor is No.31 service-orientated use to the Church Road (Building of main high street (Broad Street); Townscape Merit) which
Parade of shops with residential above, set back behind deep forecourts.
CHURCH ROAD 4 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Location and Setting
General character and plan Broad Street, with several retail along Church Road, including form, e.g. linear, compact, units of a domestic scale, and a police station, hospital and dense or dispersed; important larger buildings with a periphery dispensary (off Walpole Road), views, landmarks, open spaces, service-orientated use to the main Working Men’s Club, a Baptist uniformity. high street (Broad Street). Church and Salvation Army. The 1899 Kelly’s Directory shows Church Road is a linear road which The Church Road Conservation that there were over 40 trades terminates at the entrance to the Area is predominantly located operating along Church Road, with large formally laid-out Teddington along Church Road, Elfin Grove and houses possibly converting front Cemetery to the north, and the Walpole Crescent, Teddington. rooms to trade use. The directory prominent junction of Broad Street The area represents a Victorian and shows that trades ranged from and The Causeway to the south. The Edwardian mixed commercial and builders, monumental masons, area has a more domestic character residential street which developed butchers, grocers, undertakers, when compared to Broad Street, around the same time as nearby confectioners, insurance dealers with buildings generally being two Broad Street. and others. To support these storeys in height, with the more smaller trades and the wider area, public buildings being larger and Church Road became an public buildings were established more prominent in the street scene. important subsidiary street to
CHURCH ROAD 5 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Historical Development
Stages/ phases of historical railway line were constructed with include shopfronts towards the development and historic small tightly knit terraced houses. end of the 19th century and early associations (archaeology etc) Two parades of retail units were 20th century. which may be influencing how the developed either side of Church There were also purpose-built retail area is experienced. Road, The Parade and St. Peter’s premises constructed at corner Parade, all of which still exist today, locations such as the corner of Historic OS maps indicate that with further retail units interspersed Sydney Road (formerly Cranmer Church Road and Walpole Road along the remainder of the road. Road) and Church Road, as well as were constructed in the 1870s. Some retail units situated towards at the corner of Walpole Road and Surrounding streets leading off Broad Street appear to have been Church Road. Church Road and extending to the houses which were extended to
1860s 1890s 1910s
1930s 1950s
CHURCH ROAD 6 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Historical Development
A public house was constructed been converted from residential Other service-based locations along at the corner of Church Road and (then known as the ‘Elfin Villas’) in the street, such as the St Paul and Latimer Road and is designated 1875. The original buildings were St. Peter Church, stood on the as a Building of Townscape Merit. donated by Thomas Chappell, a corner of Church Road and Broad There are also larger plots where a local businessman who owned Street; the building was demolished range of service- based commercial businesses in piano manufacturing and relocated to the opposite side uses were located, such as a police and music publishing. In 1883, land of Church Road during the 1970s. station, Salvation Army and a was purchased by Thomas Chappell hospital with detached dispensary. to the rear of the hospital fronting Walpole Crescent (No.11), and a The hospital was originally small dispensary was built as the situated on Elfin Grove, having population of Teddington grew.
The Teddington and Hampton Wick Cottage Hospital, established in 1875, with dispensary behind, built in 1883. (Source: Richmond Local Studies Archive)
The Teddington and Hampton Wick Cottage Hospital, Willoughby Hotel, 59 Church Road, bombed in November established in 1875. (Source: Richmond Local Studies Archive) 1940 (Source: https://pubshistory.com/Middlesex/ Teddington/WilloughbyHotel.shtml ).
CHURCH ROAD 7 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Historical Development
Only a gate pier from the original John Wills, who designed several During the Second World War, church now remains on Church non-conformist churches, now buildings along Church Road were Road. recognised as being of national damaged by bombing, including architectural and historic interest. houses and number 59 Church During the late 19th century, Road - the Willoughby Hotel. This non-conformist religions were No. 31 Church Road, a Building of site has since been redeveloped for also generating interest, which Townscape Merit, is an interesting the St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Church brought about the construction building demonstrating a business of England School and the Gresham of the Baptist Chapel on Church attached to a house, with the façade House apartment complex. Road in 1894, and the later addition decoration advertising the trade of a Sunday school. The church of the stonemason who lived and was designed by prominent non- worked at the premises. conformist church architect
1 2 3
5
1. Teddington Baptist Church. 2. Development within the grounds of the former hospital (now demolished). 3. Proposed Shop, corner of Sydney Road (Cranmer Road) and Church Road. 4. Salvation Army Hall Extension works. 5. 5-7 Walpole Road. 4 (Source: Richmond Local Studies Archive)
CHURCH ROAD 8 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form
Dominant architectural styles, operation including the Salvation An interesting survivor is No.31 the prevalent types and periods Army, the Baptist Church and the Church Road which was being used of buildings, their status and Abercorn public house. None of by C.H. Moss Monumental Stone essential characteristics, the original shopfronts on corner Mason in 1883. and their relationship to the locations exist; however, the The building is constructed in topography, street pattern and/ remaining original architectural brick with highly decorative carved or the skyline. Also important is detailing still enables the reading of stonework around the fenestration their authenticity, distinctiveness these historic uses today, despite demonstrating the artistry of the and uniqueness of materials, their residential conversion. An Stonemason’s business, and design, form, texture, colour etc.) example of such detailing is present carriageway entrance which would on the Teddington Working Men’s have led to the workshop to the rear, Although historically the area Club where the keystone above the showing a domestication in use. included numerous service- use central door has the letters ‘TWC.’ buildings, only a few remain in
Houses along Church Road. Pair of semi-detached houses on Church Road with canted bays and central name plaque.
Remaining pier from original Teddington Baptist Church with glazed infill extension. St. Peter and St. Paul Church (now demolished).
CHURCH ROAD 9 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form
The majority of houses in the area shopfront, and separate entrances Dene Cottage, featuring a gabled are two storeys in height, and to the first floor residential roof and decorative plasterwork to constructed of London mixed- accommodation. the front façade. stock brick with red brick detailing, There are also larger sites along At 11 Walpole Cresent is the hospital with some façades having been Church Road, developed with dispensary. Built in 1883, it is a painted over. larger buildings which are typically small single-storey hipped roof Towards the Broad Street end, associated with their more building with large chimney stacks several properties have a shopfront service-based uses. More sizeable to either side. The building has the at ground floor, although a number residential properties exist behind much earlier hospital behind which are later additions. Some early the Baptist Church at the entrance is more classical in its styling and examples are retained with inset to Walpole Crescent, along with a dates from before 1875 when it was doorways to the side of the pair of semi-detached cottages and converted from residential use.
30 Church Road with central pedimented porch detail. No.31 Church Rd with carriageway and decorative façade detail, including lettering, which indicates the former use of the building.
Nos. 32-34 Church Road with decorative arch and surviving Former shop premises on the corner of Church Road corbel detailing. and Walpole Road with decorative fascia, eaves and parapet detail.
CHURCH ROAD 10 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form
Opposite the hospital are a couple The street has a number of of high-quality semi-detached street trees along with residential houses that further enhance the front gardens combine to form character of the area and the a pleasant aspect. In residential hospital’s setting. streets, views east to the vegetation along the railway line, in addition Most of Church Road and Walpole to the street trees, adds character Cresent are paved, which, along to the area. Street lighting is quite with recently planted Silver Birch utilitarian and poor in appearance. trees contribute positive to the Remaining shop signage is largely in streetscape and character. proportion to frontages.
No.s 68-74 Abercorn Road; evidence of former shopfronts with Abercorn Arms public house. only 74 remaining.
1883 former hospital dispensary on Walpole Crescent (right, Building of Townscape Merit) and Dene Cottage (left).
Dene Cottage with symmetrical composition 1883 former hospital dispensary on Walpole Crescent (Building of and central name plaque, 1896. Townscape Merit)
CHURCH ROAD 11 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Details
CHURCH ROAD 12 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Open Space, Parks, Garden & Trees
Private and public land, The streets have a good number Along residential streets, views east front gardens, trees, hedges of street trees which add positively to the vegetation along the railway and street greenery, parks, to the street scene, along with line, in addition to street trees, adds civic spaces their sense and planted front gardens of residential character to the area. contribution to the character properties. and experience of an area.
Street scene showing mature trees along Church Road.
Street scene showing mature trees, front gardens and spaces outside cafes and restaurants for alfresco dining.
CHURCH ROAD 13 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Management Plan
PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR Street Scene: PRESSURES ENHANCEMENT AND • Retain/ relay traditional paving • Loss of traditional architectural RECOMMENDATIONS slabs (ASP) and granite kerbs/ features and materials due to • Preservation, enhancement and channels; unsympathetic alterations and reinstatement of architectural • Lamp and signpost columns extensions; quality and unity that is preferably should be repainted green-black; based upon historic evidence; • Poor signage and excessive • Consider lighting more illumination. Loss of original • Seek the retention and appropriate to the scale of the or quality shopfronts and reinstatement of proportionate conservation area; unsympathetic alterations historic shopfront details which • Retain distinctive granite drainage and advertisements such as are preferably based upon channels; disproportionate signage; historic evidence and discourage excessive illumination, loss of the use of inappropriate lighting; • These and other measures detailing such as plinths, pilasters, should accord with the guidance • Seek the reinstallation of front inset doorways, in the Public Space Design Guide; fascias etc; garden planting alongside planning applications for • There is an opportunity to • Loss of boundary walls and refurbishment and ensure that improve the open area to the garden space in residential areas any lightwells are placed to the front of the church, in particular for hard standing, vehicular side and rear of properties and in relation to improving street parking, front lightwells and hard that hard standing is reduced; furniture and paving here. surfacing; • Coordination of colour and • Lack of coordination and poor design and improvement in the quality of street furniture and quality of street furniture, paving paving; and lighting which is based upon • Poor quality and disproportionate historic evidence and style; roof additions; • Improvement of highways • Use of poor-quality products conditions and pedestrian in building works such as uPVC, crossings, and rationalisation roofing felt and GRP products. of existing signage and street furniture; • Seek to encourage good quality and proportionate design and better-quality materials that are sympathetic to the period and style of the building.
CHURCH ROAD 14 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES References and contributions
Text prepared by John Somers REFERENCES WEBSITES JS Conservation Management Historic England (2019) London Borough of Richmond and Town Planning Ltd. in ‘Conservation Area Designation, Upon Thames Local Studies https:// conjunction with L B Richmond Appraisal and Management: richmond.spydus.co.uk Accessed Urban Design and Conservation. Historic England Advice Note 1’ March/April 2018 Published by Historic England, All site photographs by J Somers British History Online: https://www. London. and LB Richmond Council. british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol3/ Kelly and Co (1899) ‘Kelly’s pp66-69#fnn47 Directory of Middlesex’ Piublished Lost Hospitals of London: https:// by Kelly and Co. London ezitis.myzen.co.uk/teddington.html London Borough of Richmond upon https://pubshistory.com/Middlesex/ Thames (2017) ‘Hampton Wick Teddington/WilloughbyHotel.shtml and Teddington Village Planning Guidance’ Published by London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.
CHURCH ROAD 15 CONSERVATION AREA No.85 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES
LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Environment Directorate 2nd Floor Civic Centre 44 York Street Twickenham Middlesex TW1 3BZ Tel: 020 8891 1411 Email: richmondurban.design@ richmondandwandsworth.gov.uk www.richmond.gov.uk Produced by Urban Design and Conservation Published 2020
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