002: Archbishop John Hughes Papers

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

Archives of the Archdiocese of New York 201 Seminary Avenue Yonkers, NY 10704 [email protected]

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

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Creator: Hughes, John

Title: Archbishop John Hughes Collection

Date: 1823 - 1864

Extent: 7.2 Linear feet (in 2 Hollinger boxes, 4 Paige boxes, and 1 oversize box)

Language: English; Latin

Access Restrictions: Collection is open to researchers at the Archives of the Archdiocese of New York. Advance appointments are required for the use of archival materials.

Preferred Citation: Published citations should take the following form: Identification of item, date (if known); Archbishop John Hughes Collection, Collection 002; box number, folder number. Archives of the Archdiocese of New York, St. Joseph’s Seminary, Dunwoodie.

Location of Related Materials: Material related to John Hughes may be found in other Archives collections, specifically Collection 012: St. Patrick’s Cathedral. Images of John Hughes can be found in Collection 016: Prints and Photographs.

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

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Born in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, John Hughes came to America at age twenty. After several years as a laborer and gardener at Mount Saint Mary’s Seminary, Emmitsburg, Hughes entered Mount Saint Mary’s, and was ordained for the Diocese of Philadelphia in 1826. In 1838, Hughes was ordained to the episcopacy as coadjutor to Bishop Dubois in New York. After Dubois’ death in 1842, Hughes assumed leadership in New York. Some of the major challenges faced by Hughes were a rapidly growing Catholic population and a resurgent anti-Catholicism. A champion of the immigrant and a strong defender of the Church, many of the churches, schools, and healthcare institutions now in place have their roots in the Hughes era. Hughes was a major advocate for achieve equal recognition of parochial schooling. In 1850, New York was named an Archdiocese and Hughes an Archbishop. He numbered many of the era’s leading citizens among his friends, including President Abraham Lincoln and Governor (later Secretary of State) William H. Seward. Hughes died on January 3, 1864, and is buried at the new Saint Patrick’s Cathedral on Fifth Avenue, his most well-known legacy.

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This collection consists of material created either by or for John Hughes. The majority of the material relates to his time as Archbishop of New York (1842 – 1864). Much of the material in the collection is correspondence, but there are also lectures, articles, and sermons by Hughes. Whenever possible, the material is arranged alphabetically. Series I – IV are entirely correspondence, sorted alphabetically by correspondent. A prior organization of the Hughes papers had separated out his correspondence into the series seen here; this work was maintained when rehousing this collection, as attempting to reestablish original order would be impossible. Series V is also correspondence, but on Hughes’ behalf to and from James Roosevelt Bayley, his secretary, later Bishop of Newark and Archbishop of Baltimore. Series VI consists of lectures and articles by John Hughes, some handwritten, and some published as pamphlets after they were delivered. Many deal with two of Hughes’ most well-know projects: the school question and St. Patrick’s Cathedral. Series VII, Sermons and Pastoral Letters, includes a number of handwritten sermons by Hughes on a variety of topics, as well as some particular to Sundays and Feast Days, and some pastoral letters published as pamphlets. Series VIII, Ledgers and Account Books, contains a variety of materials, including but not limited to, bank account books and ledgers of draft letters from his time representing the Union government in France (1861-62). Series IX consists of Notes & Miscellanea, mostly including notes made by Hughes in relation to speeches or correspondence, but also some reports and forms. Series X, Faculties and Legal Papers, contains Faculties granted to Hughes, as well as papal correspondence, Indentures, and other

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002 legal papers. Series XI, Publications and Newspapers, includes secondary source material published about Hughes and his activities.

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The Archbishop John Hughes Collection is arranged in 12 series: Series I: Correspondence from John Hughes; Series II: Correspondence to John Hughes; Series III: Correspondence to John Hughes from the Clergy; Series IV: Correspondence to John Hughes from the Laity; Series V: Correspondence of Rev. James Roosevelt Bayley, Secretary to John Hughes; Series VI: Lectures and Articles; Series VII: Sermons and Pastoral Letters; Series VIII: Ledgers and Account Books; Series IX: Notes and Miscellanea; Series X: Faculties and Legal Papers; Series XI: Publications and Newspapers; Series XII: From the Cardinal McCloskey Collection.

At some point, the Hughes Collection had been sorted and rearranged without regard for provenance. Rehousing of the material followed this imposed order.

A note on Series XII: The materials contained in this box were originally housed under the Cardinal McCloskey Collection. However after closer inspection by the archivists, it was determined that these materials belong with the Archbishop Hughes collection. They were kept together as they were in their original collection and just added onto the existing Hughes collection.

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Access and Use: Collection is open to researchers at the Archives of the Archdiocese of New York. Advance appointments are required for the use of archival materials.

Reproduction and Use: Permission to reproduce any material in this collection not in the public domain must be obtained from the Archives and the copyright holder.

Language: English; Latin

Processing Note: Original order for this collection was impossible to ascertain, as the collection had been pulled apart and reassembled at some time in the past. Materials related to this

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002 collection had also been pulled from the collection and housed elsewhere. When rehousing this collection, every attempt was made to bring all the related materials back together. The recreated order of the collection was maintained when rehousing, and collection material was placed in acid-free folders and boxes. General series information from the collection rearrangement was maintained whenever possible. Folder titles were assigned, as there were no pre-existing folder titles.

Related Materials: Material related to John Hughes may be found in other Archives collections, specifically Collection 012: St. Patrick’s Cathedral. Images of John Hughes can be found in Collection 016: Prints and Photographs.

Separated Materials: There were no materials removed or separated from this collection at the time of rehousing. Every attempt was made to reincorporate materials that were separated from the collection in the past.

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

Series I: Correspondence from John Hughes 1 1 Correspondence from John Hughes, A 1849-1861 A-1 1 2 Correspondence from John Hughes, B - Ba 1859-1861 A-1 1 3 Correspondence from John Hughes, Bb - Bi 1853-1861 A-1 Correspondence from John Hughes to the 1 4 Bishops of the Province 1857-1861 A-1 1 5 Correspondence from John Hughes, Bj - Bu 1851-1863 A-1 Correspondence from John Hughes to Orestes 1 6 Brownson 1856-1861 A-1 Correspondence from John Hughes to Rt. 1 7 Rev. Dr. Simon Bruté 1828-1834 A-1 Correspondence from John Hughes to 1 8 Cardinal Barnabo (Letters 1-14) 1852-1859 A-1 Correspondence from John Hughes to 1 9 Cardinal Barnabo (Letters 15-20) 1859-1860 A-1 Correspondence from John Hughes to 1 10 Cardinal Barnabo (Letters 21-27) 1860-1861 A-1 Correspondence from John Hughes to 1 11 Cardinal Barnabo (Letters 28-37) 1860-1863 A-1 1 12 Correspondence from John Hughes, C - Ca 1853-1863 A-2 1 13 Correspondence from John Hughes, Cb - Cn 1854-1861 A-2 1 14 Correspondence from John Hughes, Co 1845-1863 A-2 1 15 Correspondence from John Hughes, Cp - Cu 1850-1863 A-2 1 16 Correspondence from John Hughes, D - Di 1843-1862 A-2 1 17 Correspondence from John Hughes, Dj - E 1855-1863 A-2 1 18 Correspondence from John Hughes, Fa - Fi 1858-1861 A-3 1 19 Correspondence from John Hughes, Fj - Fu 1848-1861 A-3 1 20 Correspondence from John Hughes, G 1845-1863 A-3 Correspondence from John Hughes to 1 21 Thomas James Glover 1855-1963 A-3 1 22 Correspondence from John Hughes, H 1846-1863 A-3 1 23 Correspondence from John Hughes, I - K 1846-1863 A-4 1 24 Correspondence from John Hughes, L 1857-1862 A-4 Correspondence from John Hughes to 1 25 Abraham Lincoln 1861-1863 A-4

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

1 26 Correspondence from John Hughes, Mc 1845-1862 A-5 Correspondence from John Hughes to Rev. 1 27 William McCloskey 1859-1863 A-4 1 28 Correspondence from John Hughes, Ma - Mn 1845-1862 A-5 2 1 Correspondence from John Hughes, Mo 1849-1861 A-5 2 2 Correspondence from John Hughes, Mp - Mu 1857-1863 A-5 2 3 Correspondence from John Hughes, N 1854-1861 A-5 2 4 Correspondence from John Hughes, O 1845-1861 A-5 2 5 Correspondence from John Hughes, P - Pi 1844-1861 A-6 2 6 Correspondence from John Hughes, Pj - Pr 1845-1862 A-6 2 7 Correspondence from John Hughes, Q - R 1843-1863 A-6 2 8 Correspondence from John Hughes, Sa - Sg 1850-1861 A-6 2 9 Correspondence from John Hughes, Sh - Su 1845-1862 A-6 Correspondence from John Hughes to 2 10 William Seward 1861-1862 A-7 Correspondence from John Hughes to Rev. 2 11 Father Smith 1853-1859 A-7 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer Correspondence from John Hughes, 1 Subscription to St. Patrick's Cathedral fund 1858 2 12 Correspondence from John Hughes, T - V 1843-1862 A-8 2 13 Correspondence from John Hughes, W - Y 1854-1863 A-8 Series II: Correspondence to John Hughes 2 14 Correspondence to John Hughes, A - Bl 1835-1861 A-9 Correspondence to John Hughes from 5 1 Cardinal Barnabo 1859-1863 B-5 2 15 Correspondence to John Hughes, Bl - By 1838-1860 A-9 Correspondence to John Hughes from Rt. 2 16 Rev. Dr. Simon Bruté 1827-1839 A-1 Correspondence to John Hughes from Bishop 2 17 Bourget, Montreal 1840-1863 A-9 2 18 Correspondence to John Hughes, C 1826-1861 A-9 2 19 Correspondence to John Hughes, D 1849-1863 A-9 2 20 Correspondence to John Hughes, E 1837-1859 A-9 2 21 Correspondence to John Hughes, F 1829-1859 A-9 2 22 Correspondence to John Hughes, G - J 1841-1863 A-9 2 23 Correspondence to John Hughes, L 1842-1863 A-10 3 1 Correspondence to John Hughes, Mc 1840-1863 A-10

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

Correspondence to John Hughes from Rev. 3 2 William McCloskey 1859-1863 A-4 3 3 Correspondence to John Hughes, M 1844-1861 A-10 3 4 Correspondence to John Hughes, N - P 1841-1863 A-10 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer Correspondence to John Hughes from 1 Dorchester Olive Free Stone Company 1858 A-13 Correspondence to John Hughes from 5 2 Propoganda Fide 1839-1848 B-5 Correspondence to John Hughes from 5 3 Propoganda Fide 1849-1858 B-5 3 5 Correspondence to John Hughes, R - S 1834-1863 A-10 Correspondence to John Hughes from 3 6 William Seward 1861-1862 A-7 Correspondence to John Hughes from Rev. 3 7 Father Smith 1856-1862 A-7 3 8 Correspondence to John Hughes, T - V 1841-1863 A-10 3 9 Correspondence to John Hughes, W - Z 1843-1860 A-10 Series III: Correspondence to John Hughes from the Clergy Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 10 Clergy, A - B 1838-1862 A-11 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 11 Clergy, C 1842-1863 A-11 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 12 Clergy, D 1839-1863 A-11 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 13 Clergy, E - H 1824-1862 A-11 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 14 Clergy, I - J 1853-1863 A-11 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 15 Clergy, Mc 1836-1860 A-12 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 16 Clergy, M - N 1841-1863 A-12 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 17 Clergy, O - R 1844-1863 A-12 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 18 Clergy, Propagation of the Faith 1842-1859 A-12 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 19 Clergy, S - Z 1838-1863 A-12 Series IV: Correspondence to John Hughes from the Laity

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 20 Laity, A - Bi 1841-1863 A-13 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 21 Laity, Bj - By 1841-1863 A-13 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 22 Laity, C 1839-1863 A-13 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 23 Laity, D 1847-1863 A-13 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer Correspondence to John Hughes from George 1 Denthen 1843 A-13 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 24 Laity, E - F 1837-1862 A-14 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 25 Laity, G 1841-1863 A-14 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 26 Laity, H 1838-1863 A-14 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 27 Laity, I - K 1843-1863 A-14 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 28 Laity, L 1834-1863 A-14 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 3 29 Laity, M - N 1848-1863 A-15 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 4 1 Laity, Marianite Sisters of the Holy Cross 1856-1857 A-15 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 4 2 Laity, O - R 1840-1863 A-15 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer Petition to John Hughes from members of St. 1 Paul's Church, Brooklyn A-16 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 4 3 Laity, S 1843-1863 A-16 Correspondence to John Hughes from the 4 4 Laity, T - Z 1846-1862 A-16 Series V: Correspondence of Rev. James Roosevelt Bayley, Secretary to John Hughes 4 5 Correspondence to James Bayley 1848-1853 A 4 6 Correspondence from James Bayley 1847-1857 A Series VI: Lectures and Articles 4 7 Lectures and Articles, A - B 1855-1858 A-17

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

4 8 Lectures and Articles, St. Patrick's Cathedral 1845-1859 A-17 4 9 Lectures and Articles, Ca 1860 A-17 4 10 Lectures and Articles, Cb - Co A-17 4 11 Lectures and Articles, Cb - Co 1831-1862 A-17 The Church and the World: A Lecture Delivered at the Chinese Museum, 5 4 Philadelphia 1850 n/a The Decline of Protestantism and Its Cause, A 5 5 Lecture Delivered in St. Patrick's Cathedral 1850 n/a 4 12 Lectures and Articles, Jesuits 1857-1858 A-17 A Lecture Delivered in Metropolitan Hall on March 8, 1852, for the Benefit of the House of Protection, under the Charge of the Sisters of 5 6 Mercy, by the Most Rev. John Hughes 1852 n/a A Lecture on the Mixture of Civil and Ecclesiastical Power in the Governments of 5 11 the Middle Ages 1843 n/a A Lecture on the Importance of a Christian Basis for the Science of Political Economy and its Application to the Affairs of Life, by Rt. 5 7 Rev. Dr. Hughes 1844 n/a The Persecution in New York as Shown in an Authentic Collection of the Letters Already Published by the Most Rev. Archbishop Hughes and the Rev. Fathers Dayman and 5 8 Camps 1859 n/a The Popes and their Temporal Power in the States of the Church: A Discourse delivered by 5 9 the Most Rev. Archbishop of New York 1860 n/a Lectures and Articles, Roman Catholic 4 13 Orphan Asylum A-17 4 14 Lectures and Articles, S - Y 1841-1854 A-17 Speech of the Rt. Rev. Dr. Hughes, A Review and Refutation of the Argument of Hiram Ketchum on the Subject of Common School 5 10 Education 1841 n/a Series VII: Sermons and Pastoral Letters 4 15 Sermons, Numbers 1 - 6 A-18 4 16 Sermons, Numbers 7 - 18 A-18 4 17 Sermons, Numbers 19 - 31 A-18 4 18 Sermons, Numbers 32 - 37 A-18

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

Sunday and Feast Day Sermons, Numbers 3 - 4 19 17 [Numbers 1, 2, & 4 missing] A-18 Sunday and Feast Day Sermons, Numbers 18 4 20 - 27 A-18 Sundays and Feast Day Sermons, Numbers 28 4 21 - 49 A-18 4 22 Sermons, Unnumbered 1850s A-19 A Sermon: A Solemn, Religious Thanksgiving to Almighty God for the Emancipation of the Catholics of Great Britain and Ireland by the 5 12 Rev. John Hughes 1829 n/a First Sermon Delivered in St. Patrick's 2 25 Cathedral 1856 n/a 5 13 John Hughes, Pastoral Letters 1842-1861 n/a A Letter on the Moral Causes that Have Produced the Evil Spirits of the Times; Addressed to James Harper, Mayor of New 5 14 York 1844 n/a Series VIII: Ledgers and Account Books 5 15 Account Book, Butchers' & Drovers' Bank 1857-1863 n/a Diary, Names of Persons who Called on 6 1 Archbishop Hughes While He Was in Europe 1861 n/a 6 Draft Letters on Miscellaneous Business, Paris 1861-1862 St-E-3 Ecclesiastical Spiritual Exercises in New York, 4 Record Book 1840-1848 St-E-3 Letterbook of Archbishop John Hughes, Copies of Letters to Hon. William H. Seward 6 and Miscellaneous Business 1861-1862 St-E-3 New York Catholic Church Debt Association 1 Record Book 1841 St-E-3 6 4 Visiting Book of the Most Rev. John Hughes n/a Series IX: Notes and Miscellanea 4 23 Catalog of Books Missing and Not Registered A-19 2 24 Church Reports, New York State 1840-1846 B-1 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer 1 Church Reports, New York State 1840-1846 B-1 6 2 Forms and Stationary B-10 Hughes/Breckinridge Debate Summary, 4 24 Numbers 1 - 5 1835 A-19

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

Hughes/Breckinridge Debate Summary, 4 25 Numbers 6 - 10 1835 A-19 Hughes/Breckinridge Debate Summary, 4 26 Numbers 11 - 16 1835 A-19 4 27 Letters and Newspaper Clippings A-19 Letters to Clergy from Thomas Preston, 6 3 Secretary and Chancellor 1854-1860 n/a 4 28 Notes A-19 4 29 Notes, Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam A-19 4 30 Notes, De Homine A-19 4 31 Notes and Lecture about Ireland A-19 Notes, Philosophical Extracts from Dr. Reid's 4 32 Essay on the Human Understanding 1823 A-19 Series X: Faculties and Legal Papers Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer Apostolic Letter to John Hughes from Pope 1 Pius IX, "NY Erected into Archiepiscopal See" 1850 n/a Apostolic Letter to John Hughes from Pope 6 12 Pius IX, "Sega di Stato 22846" 1851 n/a 4 33 Faculties Granted to Archbishop Hughes 1839-1863 B-1 6 5 Faculties Granted to Archbishop Hughes 1860-1863 B-7 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer 1 Indentures 1846-1855 B-1 4 34 Legal Papers 1834-1860 B-1 Oversize Cabinet Agreement for Placing new German Catholic 1, drawer Church on 87th Street under the charge of 1 Jesuits 1873 Series XI: Publications and Newspapers 6 6 Mr. Barclay's Addresses 1841 n/a Biographical Sketch of the Most Rev. John 6 7 Hughes, D.D., Archbishop of New York 1864 n/a The Body of the Late Most Rev. Archbishop Hughes, Lying in State in St. Patrick's 7 Cathedral, January 6, 1864 1864 St-B-Supra-21 6 8 Concilium Neo-Eboracense Primum 1854 n/a The Controversy between Senator Brooks and 6 9 "Dagger John," Archbishop of New York 1855 n/a

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, on the 7 death of Archbishop Hughes 1864 St-B-Supra-21 Harper's Weekly, A Journal of Civilization, 7 June 26 1858 St-B-Supra-21 Letters to John Hughes, D.D., Papal Archbishop of New York, in Review of His Sermon Preached in St. Patrick's Cathedral, 6 10 June 29, 1851 1851 n/a A Letter to the Rt. Rev. John Henry Hopkins, D.D., by Patrick Kenrick, Bishop of 6 11 Philadelphia 1843 n/a Letters from Gen. Brisbane, to Archbishop 7 Hughes 1850 St-B-Supra-20 Metropolitan Record: Official Organ of the 1859, 1862, 7 Most Rev. Archbishop of New York 1864 St-B-Supra-21 The Newfoundlander, St. John's, Thursday, 7 December 16 1858 St-B-Supra-21 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer 1 The New York Tribune, March 30 & April 2 1855 St-B-Supra-21 Oversize Cabinet 1, drawer 1 The New York Times, July 18, draft riots 1863 St-B-Supra-21 7 Scrapbook of Newspaper Clippings 1862-1864 Series XII: from Cardinal McCloskey Collection 8 1 List of Letters undated A-45 8 2 Correspondence from Hughes: To Cardinal 1838 A-45 Philippo Fransoni and an unidentified Archbishop 8 3 Archiepiscopal Reminiscences of the Diocese 1838 A-45 of New York for Twenty Years [A Report written by Hughes] 8 4 Appendices to the Report 1838 A-45 8 5 Typed Copies of Letters from Archbishop 1840s-1860s A-45 Hughes to be Found in Box A-4 [now box 1] or A-5 [now box 2] 8 6 Typed Copies of Letters from Archbishop 1845-1846 A-45 Hughes to be Found in Box A-6 [now box 2] 8 7 Sermon: First Sunday of Advent on Judgment; 1856 A-45 Delivered at Fordham

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Guide to the Archbishop John Hughes Collection Collection Number 002

8 8 Sermon: Fourth Sunday of Lent on Sin; March 22, A-45 Fordham 1857 8 9 Correspondence from Hughes: to Rev. 1834-1863 A-45 Thomas Butler, to Rev. Kennan, to President Buchanan, to Horatio Seymour 8 10 Description of Contents in Following Folder undated A-46 8 11 An Episode in the Life of Archbishop John Undated A-46 Hughes by Peter Guilday; pages 87-170 8 12 Description of the contents in the following undated A-47 folders 8 13 Photocopy of the Letter to Father Smith, OSB 1858 A-47 from Hughes 8 14 Transcript of the Letter to Father Smith OSB 1858 A-47 from Hughes

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