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Reading.Homosexuality in America
RECOMMENDEDREADING A BRIEF HISTORY OF HOMOSEXUALITY IN AMERICA Despite the fact that humans have never limited their sexual pleasure to what we now call heterosexual intercourse, the history of homosexuality is relatively short. The genital anatomy of one's partners-or what Freud calls one's "object choice"-did not become the definitive criterion for distinguishing homosexual and heterosexual selves until the last third of the nineteenth century. During the 1860's and 70's European public administrators began noticing that some people were organizing their lives not around family, household, and reproduction but around various forms of sexual pleasure. This was probably a recent phenomenon made possible by the forces of capitalism, which tended to draw people off the land into cities away from their parishes and families and to reduce the importance of arranged marriage. Alarmed, officials began studying these populations, whom they characterized as sexual deviants and grouped according to the particular practices they engaged in. One such class of deviant came to be called "homosexuals”. Homosexuals quickly became the target of medical, psychiatric, and legal intervention, and as early as the 1870, they came together in such places as Bavaria to fight criminalization of sodomy. Until the Nazis destroyed Magnus Hirschfeld's homosexual archives in Berlin and hundreds of thousands of homosexual people were sent to die in concentration camps, the homosexual movement in Germany was widespread and influential. In the U.S., the history of homosexual culture and politics is even shorter than it is in Europe. The largest and best-known communities are in New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco, and there are reasons for that. -
A Glimpse at the History of the U.S. LGBTQ Community Part 1 by Valerie
A glimpse at the history of the U.S. LGBTQ community Part 1 by Valerie Etienne-Leveille LGBTQ is an acronym for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer or questioning (1). The acronym meaning is simple, yet it provides a glimpse to the varied and complex representative groups united in strength and solidarity toward a common cause which is equal rights for all individuals (2). The early LGBTQ Rights Movement Henry Gerber, a German immigrant, founded the first documented gay rights organization in the United States in 1924 (3)(4). The organization founded in Chicago was named The Society for Human Rights. Gerber’s organization published the earliest documented gay-interest newsletter called “Friendship and Freedom” (3)(5). Due to fear of continued harassment and persecution experienced by many individuals, subscription rates to the Friendship and Freedom newsletter were low. Henry Gerber and the members of his organization were not immune to the social and political hostilities occurring during this time. In 1925, Gerber’s organization disbanded because of unwarranted police raids, arrests, and negative media coverage. Nevertheless, Henry Gerber continued to advocate for gay rights through his writings and networking with the community (5). The Henry Gerber House A National Historic Landmark in Chicago, IL. Photo by Thshriver (5). Activists: Harry Hay (1912-2002) and William Dale Jennings (1917-2000) Harry Hay was an actor, Communist labor organizer, musicologist, theoretician, and political activist (6). He participated in the San Francisco General Strike of 1934 in which the City of San Francisco was shut down when 65,000 workers from all industries walked off from their jobs to demand for more union control toward improved working conditions (7). -
Punishing Queer Sexuality in the Age of LGBT Rights by Scott De Orio A
Punishing Queer Sexuality in the Age of LGBT Rights by Scott De Orio A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History and Women’s Studies) in The University of Michigan 2017 Doctoral Committee: Professor Matthew D. Lassiter, Chair Professor David M. Halperin Professor William J. Novak Associate Professor Gayle S. Rubin Scott De Orio [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4631-6241 © Scott De Orio 2017 To my parents ii Acknowledgments Support from several institutions and fellowships made it possible for me to complete this project. At the University of Michigan, the Department of History, the Department of Women’s Studies, the Rackham Graduate School, and the Eisenberg Institute for Historical Studies funded the research and writing of my dissertation and provided me with the ideal intellectual culture in which to do that work. Elizabeth Wingrove got me thinking about gender as a category of analysis in the Community of Scholars seminar that she directed at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender. Fellowships from Cornell University’s Human Sexuality Collection, Princeton University’s Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, the William Nelson Cromwell Foundation, and the U-M Department of History funded archival research for the project. While I was in the revision stage, Mitra Shirafi and the Hurst Summer Institute in Legal History exploded my thinking about the law and politics in ways that I’m just beginning to process. When I was in high school, my favorite English teacher Deanna Johnson introduced me to the art of analyzing pop culture, and I’ve been hooked ever since. -
“The Fountain Pen and the Typewriter”: the Rise of the Homophile Press in the 1950S and 1960S
“The Fountain Pen and the Typewriter”: The Rise of the Homophile Press in the 1950s and 1960s Elizabeth Coretto Candidate for Senior Honors in History Oberlin College Thesis Advisor: Renee Romano Submitted Spring 2017 ii Table of Contents Acknowledgments iii Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Pioneer Queer Press in the United States 9 Chapter 2: The Beginning of the Homophile Era 20 Chapter 3: ONE and the Rise of the Queer Press 31 Chapter 4: Diversifying the Queer Press in the Homophile Era 49 Conclusion 70 Bibliography 76 iii Acknowledgements This thesis could not have been written without Professors Renee Romano and Ari Sammartino. Neither were interested in any sort of hand-holding, and their expectations and matter-of-fact attitudes worked wonders in forcing me to take full responsibility for my work. Their criticisms—at times difficult even to look at, with entire paragraphs crossed out or sentences rewritten in red—have helped forge this thesis into the best possible work I could have accomplished in the seven-odd months I’ve worked on it. Thank you for holding me accountable and pushing me to do better. Thanks also for the moments of therapeutic support which brought me back from cycles of self-pity and self-criticism and kept me going. Much thanks also to the other honors thesis writers: Maurice Cohn, Kaia Diringer, Ian Gilchrist, Lily Posner, and Nate Sher. Our suffering in solidarity reassured me I was not alone in this process, and all your excellent work inspired me to do better. We’ve bonded over confusion regarding footnotes, frustration over sources, and surprisingly difficult grapes. -
"The Fountain Pen and the Typewriter": the Rise of the Homophile Press in the 1950S and 1960S
Oberlin Digital Commons at Oberlin Honors Papers Student Work 2017 "The Fountain Pen and the Typewriter": The Rise of the Homophile Press in the 1950s and 1960s Elizabeth A. Coretto Oberlin College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.oberlin.edu/honors Part of the History Commons Repository Citation Coretto, Elizabeth A., ""The Fountain Pen and the Typewriter": The Rise of the Homophile Press in the 1950s and 1960s" (2017). Honors Papers. 214. https://digitalcommons.oberlin.edu/honors/214 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Digital Commons at Oberlin. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons at Oberlin. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “The Fountain Pen and the Typewriter”: The Rise of the Homophile Press in the 1950s and 1960s Elizabeth Coretto Candidate for Senior Honors in History Oberlin College Thesis Advisor: Renee Romano Submitted Spring 2017 ii Table of Contents Acknowledgments iii Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Pioneer Queer Press in the United States 9 Chapter 2: The Beginning of the Homophile Era 20 Chapter 3: ONE and the Rise of the Queer Press 31 Chapter 4: Diversifying the Queer Press in the Homophile Era 49 Conclusion 70 Bibliography 76 iii Acknowledgements This thesis could not have been written without Professors Renee Romano and Ari Sammartino. Neither were interested in any sort of hand-holding, and their expectations and matter-of-fact attitudes worked wonders in forcing me to take full responsibility for my work. Their criticisms—at times difficult even to look at, with entire paragraphs crossed out or sentences rewritten in red—have helped forge this thesis into the best possible work I could have accomplished in the seven-odd months I’ve worked on it. -
The Race Analogy, Gay Identity, and Gay Litigation in the 1950S-1970S Abstract
KONNOTH_PREPRESS_V2.DOC 12/5/2009 2:38:39 PM craig j. konnoth Created in Its Image: The Race Analogy, Gay Identity, and Gay Litigation in the 1950s-1970s abstract. Existing accounts of early gay rights litigation largely focus on how the suppression and liberation of gay identity affected early activism. This Note helps complicate these dynamics, arguing that gay identity was not just suppressed and then liberated, but substantially transformed by activist efforts during this period, and that this transformation fundamentally affected the nature of gay activism. Gay organizers in the 1950s and 1960s moved from avoiding identity-based claims to analogizing gays to African-Americans. By transforming themselves in the image of a successful black civil rights minority, activists attempted to win over skeptical courts in a period when equal protection doctrine was still quite fluid. Furthermore, through this attempted identity transformation, activists replaced stigmatizing medico-religious models of homosexuality with self-affirming civil rights-based models. This identity transformation through analogy cemented gay rank-and-file perception of the social treatment they faced as unjust, and helped determine what remedies gays would seek. For example, defensive gay litigation of the 1950s soon gave way to the affirmative impact-type litigation of the civil rights movement. Similarly, in the image of the 1960s racial justice movement, 1970s gays began to pursue legal acceptance of gay marriage rather than first seeking intermediate relationship recognition. Thus, analogies and identity claims can be useful tools for perceiving and remedying oppression. They should, however, be tools that unite, not divide groups: gays and blacks, especially, should recognize their (contingent) commonalities, created as gays remade themselves in the image of blacks. -
Homosexual Democracy in America: Political Ideology & Organization in the Mattachine, 1950-1954
HOMOSEXUAL DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA: POLITICAL IDEOLOGY & ORGANIZATION IN THE MATTACHINE, 1950-1954 Learned Foote Senior Thesis Seminar Department of History, Columbia University Word Count: 16,640 April 4, 2011 CONTENTS Introduction 1 I. Historical Background 9 II. Harry Hay and The Fifth Order 16 III. Dale Jennings and The Mattachine Foundation 24 IV. Grassroots Growth 33 V. Constitutional Conventions 44 VI. Homosexual Democrats 56 Conclusion 66 Bibliography 69 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to the History Department for guiding a crop of undergraduates through the thesis seminar every year. I am indebted to Professor Hilary Hallett and Professor Alan Brinkley for their knowledge and criticism on this project. I am also especially thankful for the opportunity to learn from professors Carl Wennerlind, Anders Stephanson, Allan Silver, and Nancy W. Collins. The archivists at the ONE National Gay and Lesbian Archives were informative, and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender Historical Society proved accommodating. Historians Daniel Hurewitz and Craig Loftin offered invaluable suggestions on historical sources. Thanks to Matthew Thier and the Greer Feick family for making my stay in California so pleasant. Thanks to The Current: A Journal of Politics, Culture, and Jewish Affairs for publishing my first article on the Mattachine. Andrea Folds, Brenden Cline, Carlos Barriento, Gina Ciancone, and Joshua Teplitsky put up with my requests to read drafts and to provide feedback despite their own academic obligations. Finally, thanks to my grandfather, Don Foote, who made it possible for me to attend a university like Columbia. iii INTRODUCTION The Mattachine Society brought about the inception of American homosexual organization at the dawn of the Cold War. -
Chc-2020-3322-Hcm Env-2020-3323-Ce
Los Angeles Department of City Planning RECOMMENDATION REPORT CULTURAL HERITAGE COMMISSION CASE NO.: CHC-2020-3322-HCM ENV-2020-3323-CE HEARING DATE: June 18, 2020 Location: 1822 West 4th Street TIME: 10:00 AM Council District: 1 – Cedillo PLACE : Teleconference (see Community Plan Area: Westlake agenda for login Area Planning Commission: Central information) Neighborhood Council: Westlake North Legal Description: Sun-set Tract, Block D, Lot 9 EXPIRATION DATE: The original 30-day expiration date of June 21, 2020 per Los Angeles Administrative Code Section 22.171.10(e)1 is tolled, and a revised date will be determined pursuant to the Mayor’s March 21, 2020 Public Order Under City of Los Angeles Emergency Authority re: Tolling of Deadlines Prescribed in the Municipal Code and April 17, 2020 Public Order Under City of Los Angeles Emergency Authority re: Tolling HCIDLA Deadlines and Revising Expiration of Emergency Orders PROJECT: Historic-Cultural Monument Application for the MORRIS KIGHT RESIDENCE REQUEST: Declare the property an Historic-Cultural Monument OWNERS: Westlake Apartment Development LLC 8056 Kentwood Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90045 Rafi Ventura Sweetzer Lofts, LLC 6280 West 3rd Street, #335 Los Angeles, CA 90036 APPLICANT: Lisa Brereton c/o AIDS Healthcare Foundation 6255 Sunset Boulevard, 21st Floor Los Angeles, CA 90028 PREPARERS: Kate Eggert and Krisy Gosney GEHPC 6444 Kraft Avenue Los Angeles, CA 91606 RECOMMENDATION That the Cultural Heritage Commission: 1. Take the property under consideration as an Historic-Cultural Monument per Los Angeles Administrative Code Chapter 9, Division 22, Article 1, Section 22.171.10 because the application and accompanying photo documentation suggest the submittal warrants further investigation. -
Download This Lesson Plan
LGBTQ+ History Lesson Inquiry Question: How did the movement for LGBT equality go from assimilation to “coming out” in the 1950s - 1970s? Standard: 11.10 Inquiry Question: Question: How did the movement for LGBT equality go from assimilation to “coming out” in the 1950s - 1970s? (Change Over Time) Peta Lindsay [email protected] @petalindsay Content Standards CA Social Studies Standard: 11.10 Students analyze the development of federal civil rights and voting rights. CCSS Standards: History and Social Science: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.2 Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary that makes clear the relationships among the key details and ideas. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.11-12.9 Integrate information from diverse sources, both primary and secondary, into a coherent understanding of an idea or event, noting discrepancies among sources. Speaking and Listening: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.1 Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on grades 11-12 topics, texts, and issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively. Overview of Lesson In this lesson students learn about the diverse perspectives and organizations that shaped the movement for LGBTQ equality from the 1950s through the 1970s. Students will participate in a simulation where they play the role of members of specific, historically significant organizations that emerged in the LGBT movement between 1950-1970s, trying to form a united coalition and make decisions about the big political questions of the day. -
Mar. 1962, Vol. 06 No. 06
MüRCH, 1962 purpose of the t k f i , LaddêJi Volume 6, n iíb er 6 Published monthly by tho Dnughtors of Bill tit, Ine., o noo- pioflt eorporotion, 1232 Morkof Stroof, Suita 108, Son Fran 0^ B l LIT IS cisco 2, Californio. Talephono; UNderhIII 3 - 8196. NATIONAL OFFICERS, DAUGHTERS OF BILITIS, INC. A IfOiMEN’S ORGANIZATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROMOTING President — Jaye Bell THE INTEGRATION OF THE HOMOSEXUAL INTO SOCIETY BY: Vice President — Helen Sanders Secretary — Dottle Dee Public Relations Director — Jo Carson Treasurer — Ev Howe ...... THE LADDER STAFF Editor— Del Martin Assistant Editor — Marty Elliott ea " Education of the variant, with particular emphasis on the psych Art Editor — Kathy Rogers Los Angeles Reporter — Sten Russell ological, physiological and sociological aspects, to enable her New York Reporter— Deidre McAulilfe | to understand herself and make her adjustment to society in all Editorial Assistants — Mary Lee, Eileen Kaye its social, civic and economic implications— this to be accomp Production — Marty Elliott, Joan Oliver lished by establishing and maintaining as complete a library as Circulation Manager — Cleo Glenn possible of both fiction and non-fiction literature on the sex de THE LADDER is regarded as a sounding board for various viant theme; by sponsoring public discussions on pertinent sub points of view on tho homophile and related subjects and does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the organization. jects to be conducted by leai^ng members of the legal, psychiat ric, religious and other professions; by advocating a mode of be havior and dress acceptable to society. 0 Education of the public at large through acceptance first of the individual, leading to an eventual breakdown of erroneous taboos and prejudices; through public discussion meetings aforemen tioned; through dissemination of educational literature on the homosexual theme. -
Curriculum & Action Guide
DVD TITLE VISIONARIESVISIONARIESFacilitating a Discussion &Finding aVICTORIES Facilitator IdentifyEARLY LEADERSyour own. WhenIN THE the LGBT 90’s MOVEMENT hit, all the Identify your own. When the 90’s hit, all the new communication technologies offered new communication technologies offered people a new way to communicate that was people a new way to communicate that was &easier and more.VICTORIESeasier and more. Be knowledgeable. When the 90’s hit, all the Be knowledgeable. When the 90’s hit, all the new communication technologies offered new communication technologies offered people a new way to communicate that was people a new way to communicate that was easier and more. easier and more. Be clear about your role. When the 90’s hit, Be clear about your role. When the 90’s hit, all the new communication technologies all the new communication technologies offered people a new way to communicate offered people a new way to communicate VISIONARIESthat was easier and more. that was easier and more. Know your group. When the 90’s hit, all the Know your group. When the 90’s hit, all the new communication technologies offered new communication technologies offered people a new way to communicate that was people a new way to communicate that was easier and more. easier and more. NO SECRET ANYMORE: THE TIMES HOPE ALONG THE WIND: THE LIFE OF DEL MARTIN & PHYLLIS LYON OF HARRY HAY & VICTORIESa film by JEB (Joan E. Biren) a film by Eric Slade Curriculum Guide VISIONARIESwww.frameline.org/distribution 1 TABLE OF CONT VISIONARIES & VICTORIES Table of Contents FILM SYNOPSES : : : : : : : : : : 3 HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE : : : 5 CLASSROOM CURRICULUM : : : 8 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS : : : 11 RESOURCES : : : : : : : : 12 VOCABULARY : : : : : : : 14 TIMELINE : : : : : : : : 16 photo credits: WORKSHEETS : : : : : : : 20 Lyon & Martin: unknown; Hay: Mark Thompson ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS : : : : 22 Youth In Motion is funded in part through the generous support of the James Irvine Foundation and the Bob Ross Foundation. -
The Mattachine Society of Washington, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Invention of Gay Pride, 1
The Proud Plaintiff: The Mattachine Society of Washington, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Invention of Gay Pride, 1957-1969 A dissertation presented by Eric Matthew Cervini of Emmanuel College to The Faculty of History in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Cambridge Cambridge, United Kingdom July 2019 This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration. It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution. It does not exceed the word limit prescribed by the Degree Committee of the History Faculty. © 2019 Eric Cervini All rights reserved. Abstract The Proud Plaintiff: The Mattachine Society of Washington, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Invention of Gay Pride, 1957-1969 by Eric Cervini Histories of the early gay rights movement in America have aptly placed emphasis on the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW), founded in 1961, and its founder, Frank Kameny. Told as part of broader social or political histories of the 1960s “homophile” movement, these narratives often recognize the MSW’s ideological and tactical contributions to the fight against the federal government’s gay purges; indeed, the Society is most known for the first gay pickets of the White House and its militant slogan, “Gay is Good.” These histories, however, have overlooked a crucial component of the MSW’s story: its legal alliance with the American Civil Liberties Union.