House Bill No. 2034
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Guidelines for the Forensic Analysis of Drugs Facilitating Sexual Assault and Other Criminal Acts
Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel.: (+43-1) 26060-0, Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org Guidelines for the Forensic analysis of drugs facilitating sexual assault and other criminal acts United Nations publication Printed in Austria ST/NAR/45 *1186331*V.11-86331—December 2011 —300 Photo credits: UNODC Photo Library, iStock.com/Abel Mitja Varela Laboratory and Scientific Section UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Guidelines for the forensic analysis of drugs facilitating sexual assault and other criminal acts UNITED NATIONS New York, 2011 ST/NAR/45 © United Nations, December 2011. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This publication has not been formally edited. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United Nations Office at Vienna. List of abbreviations . v Acknowledgements .......................................... vii 1. Introduction............................................. 1 1.1. Background ........................................ 1 1.2. Purpose and scope of the manual ...................... 2 2. Investigative and analytical challenges ....................... 5 3 Evidence collection ...................................... 9 3.1. Evidence collection kits .............................. 9 3.2. Sample transfer and storage........................... 10 3.3. Biological samples and sampling ...................... 11 3.4. Other samples ...................................... 12 4. Analytical considerations .................................. 13 4.1. Substances encountered in DFSA and other DFC cases .... 13 4.2. Procedures and analytical strategy...................... 14 4.3. Analytical methodology .............................. 15 4.4. -
Current Awareness in Clinical Toxicology Editors: Damian Ballam Msc and Allister Vale MD
Current Awareness in Clinical Toxicology Editors: Damian Ballam MSc and Allister Vale MD February 2016 CONTENTS General Toxicology 9 Metals 38 Management 21 Pesticides 41 Drugs 23 Chemical Warfare 42 Chemical Incidents & 32 Plants 43 Pollution Chemicals 33 Animals 43 CURRENT AWARENESS PAPERS OF THE MONTH How toxic is ibogaine? Litjens RPW, Brunt TM. Clin Toxicol 2016; online early: doi: 10.3109/15563650.2016.1138226: Context Ibogaine is a psychoactive indole alkaloid found in the African rainforest shrub Tabernanthe Iboga. It is unlicensed but used in the treatment of drug and alcohol addiction. However, reports of ibogaine's toxicity are cause for concern. Objectives To review ibogaine's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, mechanisms of action and reported toxicity. Methods A search of the literature available on PubMed was done, using the keywords "ibogaine" and "noribogaine". The search criteria were "mechanism of action", "pharmacokinetics", "pharmacodynamics", "neurotransmitters", "toxicology", "toxicity", "cardiac", "neurotoxic", "human data", "animal data", "addiction", "anti-addictive", "withdrawal", "death" and "fatalities". The searches identified 382 unique references, of which 156 involved human data. Further research revealed 14 detailed toxicological case reports. Current Awareness in Clinical Toxicology is produced monthly for the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology by the Birmingham Unit of the UK National Poisons Information Service, with contributions from the Cardiff, Edinburgh, and Newcastle Units. The NPIS is commissioned by Public Health England Current Awareness in Clinical Toxicology Editors: Damian Ballam MSc and Allister Vale MD February 2016 Current Awareness in Clinical Toxicology is produced monthly for the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology by the Birmingham Unit of the UK National Poisons Information Service, with contributions from the Cardiff, Edinburgh, and Newcastle Units. -
5 Part 1300—Definitions
PART 1300—DEFINITIONS (7) 5-androstenediol (3b,17b-dihydroxy- androst-5-ene) Sec. (8) 1-androstenedione ([5a]-androst-1- 1300.01 Definitions relating to controlled en-3,17-dione) substances. (9) 4-androstenedione (androst-4-en- 1300.02 Definitions relating to listed chemi- 3,17-dione) cals. (10) 5-androstenedione (androst-5-en- 1300.03 Definitions relating to electronic or- 3,17-dione) ders for controlled substances and elec- tronic prescriptions for controlled sub- (11) bolasterone (7a,17a-dimethyl-17b- stances. hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one) 1300.04 Definitions relating to the dis- (12) boldenone (17b-hydroxyandrost-1,4- pensing of controlled substances by diene-3-one) means of the Internet. (13) boldione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17- 1300.05 Definitions relating to the disposal dione) of controlled substances. (14) calusterone (7b,17a-dimethyl-17b- AUTHORITY: 21 U.S.C. 802, 821, 822, 829, hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one) 871(b), 951, 958(f). (15) clostebol (4-chloro-17b- SOURCE: 62 FR 13941, Mar. 24, 1997, unless hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one) otherwise noted. (16) dehydrochloromethyltestosterone (4-chloro-17b-hydroxy-17a-methyl- § 1300.01 Definitions relating to con- androst-1,4-dien-3-one) trolled substances. (17) desoxymethyltestosterone (17a- (a) Any term not defined in this part methyl-5a-androst-2-en-17b-ol) shall have the definition set forth in (a.k.a. ‘madol‘) section 102 of the Act (21 U.S.C. 802), (18) D1-dihydrotestosterone (a.k.a.‘1- except that certain terms used in part testosterone‘) (17b-hydroxy-5a- 1316 of this chapter are defined at the androst-1-en-3-one) beginning of each subpart of that part. -
Opioid Antagonists As Potential Therapeutics for Ischemic Stroke
Progress in Neurobiology 182 (2019) 101679 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Progress in Neurobiology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pneurobio Perspective article Opioid antagonists as potential therapeutics for ischemic stroke T ⁎ ⁎ Nadia Peyraviana,b, Emre Dikicia,b, Sapna Deoa,b, Michal Toboreka,b, , Sylvia Daunerta,b,c, a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA b Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami, USA c University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Chronic use of prescription opioids exacerbates risk and severity of ischemic stroke. Annually, 6 million people Ischemic stroke die from stroke worldwide and there are no neuroprotective or neurorestorative agents to improve stroke out- Opioid antagonist comes and promote recovery. Prescribed opioids such as morphine have been shown to alter tight junction Blood brain barrier protein expression, resulting in the disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB), ultimately leading to stroke Neuroprotection pathogenesis. Consequently, protection of the BBB has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic Naloxone stroke. This perspective addresses the deficiency in stroke pharmacological options and examines a novel ap- Naltrexone plication and repurposing of FDA-approved opioid antagonists as a prospective neuroprotective therapeutic strategy to minimize BBB damage, reduce stroke severity, and promote neural recovery. Future directions discuss potential drug design and delivery methods to enhance these novel therapeutic targets. 1. Introduction modulate resulting microglia and macrophage activation in the is- chemic region to reduce neuroinflammation and prevent secondary As of 2017, the US government declared the opioid epidemic as a neurodegeneration resulting from phagocytosis of viable neurons. -
Benzodiazepines in Chronic Pain Why the Interest?
Why the Interest? • 33 years in chronic pain rehabilitation Benzodiazepines • Many patients are dysfunctional, depressed, in Chronic Pain regressed, and cognitively impaired while taking opioids plus benzodiazepines. • Engendered a negative attitude Edward Covington, MD • Stimulated curiosity about what we Cleveland Clinic Foundation do and do not know about these drugs in pain patients, especially in combination with opioids Disclaimer History Much of the data that I could find is quite old • For centuries, humans have sought anxiolysis, euphoria • Alcohol was followed by sedatives and anxiolytics • 19th century – Bromides (“take a powder”), choral hydrate (Mickey Finn), paraldehyde • Barbiturates synthesized in 1903 • Meprobamate in 1950 Benzodiazepine Introduction Benzodiazepine Use in America • Chlordiazepoxide introduced in 1960 • BZs are the most prescribed CNS depressants • Addictiveness and lethality of barbiturates (and similar drugs) led to their replacement by BZs • Estimated past year prevalence of BZ use in • Use of BZs increased dramatically the USA = 12.9% – US sales peaked in 1975 – Anxiolytics / hypnotics accounted for 10% of all • 14.2% of these have taken the drug ≥ 12 mo prescriptions Barker MJ et al. Arch Clin Neuropsychology 2004;19:437-454 • WHO recommended scheduling BZs in the early • About 100 million prescriptions in 1999 1980s DEA Lader, M: J Subs Abuse Treatment 1991;8:53-59 1 Mechanism of Tranquilization How Reinforcing are BZs? - • GABA binding permits Cl influx Humans • Hyperpolarizes cell, •Normal (light -
Us Anti-Doping Agency
2019U.S. ANTI-DOPING AGENCY WALLET CARDEXAMPLES OF PROHIBITED AND PERMITTED SUBSTANCES AND METHODS Effective Jan. 1 – Dec. 31, 2019 CATEGORIES OF SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES (IN AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION) • Non-Approved Substances: investigational drugs and pharmaceuticals with no approval by a governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use. • Anabolic Agents: androstenediol, androstenedione, bolasterone, boldenone, clenbuterol, danazol, desoxymethyltestosterone (madol), dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (DHCMT), Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA , Intrarosa) and its prohormones, drostanolone, epitestosterone, methasterone, methyl-1-testosterone, methyltestosterone (Covaryx, EEMT, Est Estrogens-methyltest DS, Methitest), nandrolone, oxandrolone, prostanozol, Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (enobosarm, (ostarine, MK-2866), andarine, LGD-4033, RAD-140). stanozolol, testosterone and its metabolites or isomers (Androgel), THG, tibolone, trenbolone, zeranol, zilpaterol, and similar substances. • Beta-2 Agonists: All selective and non-selective beta-2 agonists, including all optical isomers, are prohibited. Most inhaled beta-2 agonists are prohibited, including arformoterol (Brovana), fenoterol, higenamine (norcoclaurine, Tinospora crispa), indacaterol (Arcapta), levalbuterol (Xopenex), metaproternol (Alupent), orciprenaline, olodaterol (Striverdi), pirbuterol (Maxair), terbutaline (Brethaire), vilanterol (Breo). The only exceptions are albuterol, formoterol, and salmeterol by a metered-dose inhaler when used -
Notice of Federal Scheduling Actions
TED SAKAI NEIL ABERCROMBIE DIRECTOR GOVERNOR Martha Torney Deputy Director Administration Max Otani Deputy Director Corrections Shawn Tsuha STATE OF HAWAII Deputy Director NARCOTICS ENFORCEMENT Law Enforcement DIVISION Department of Public Safety No. Posted at LT Gov office 3375 Koapaka Street, Suite D-100 3-5-14 Honolulu, Hawaii 96819 March 5, 2014 NOTICE OF FEDERAL SCHEDULING ACTIONS Section 329-11(d) states that if a substance is added, deleted or rescheduled under federal law and notice of the designation is given to the department then the department shall recommend to the legislature that a corresponding change in Hawaii law be made. The Department was given notice that the following depressant drug was placed into Schedule IV by the Federal Government: Alfaxalone 5[alpha]-pregnan-3[alpha]-ol-11,20-dione, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers On February 27, 2914 the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) placed the substance Alfaxalone 5[alpha]-pregnan-3[alpha]-ol-11,20-dione, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers into schedule IV of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). This scheduling action is pursuant to the CSA which requires that such actions be made on the record after opportunity for a hearing through formal rulemaking. This action imposes the regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to schedule IV controlled substances on persons who handle (manufacture, distribute, dispense, import, export, engage in research, conduct instructional activities with, or possess) or propose to handle Alfaxalone. Section 329-20, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (b) to read as follows: §329-20 Schedule IV. -
A10 Anabolic Steroids Hardcore Info
CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION 3 Anabolic steroids – What are they? 4 How do they Work? – Aromatisation 5 More molecules – More problems 6 The side effects of anabolic steroids 7 Women and anabolic steroids 8 Injecting steroids 9 Abscesses – Needle Exchanges 10 Intramuscular injection 11 Injection sites 12 Oral steroids – Cycles – Stacking 13 Diet 14 Where do steroids come from? Spotting a counterfeit 15 Drug Information – Drug dosage STEROIDS 16 Anadrol – Andriol 17 Anavar – Deca-Durabolin 18 Dynabolon – Durabolin – Dianabol 19 Esiclene – Equipoise 20 Primobolan Depot – Proviron – Primobolan orals – Pronobol 21 Sustanon – Stromba, Strombaject – Testosterone Cypionate Testosterone Enanthate 22 Testosterone Propionate – Testosterone Suspension 23 Trenbolone Acetate – Winstrol OTHER DRUGS 24 Aldactone – Arimidex 25 Clenbuterol – Cytomel 26 Ephedrine Hydrochloride – GHB 27 Growth Hormone 28 Insulin 30 Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 – Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin 31 Tamoxifen – Nubain – Recreational Drugs 32 Steroids and the Law 34 Glossary ANABOLIC STEROIDS People use anabolic steroids for various reasons, some use them to build muscle for their job, others just want to look good and some use them to help them in sport or body building. Whatever the reason, care needs to be taken so that as little harm is done to the body as possible because despite having muscle building effects they also have serious side effects especially when used incorrectly. WHAT ARE THEY? Anabolic steroids are man made versions of the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is the chemical in men responsible for facial hair, deepening of the voice and sex organ development, basically the masculine things Steroids are in a man. used in medicine to treat anaemia, muscle weakness after These masculine effects surgery etc, vascular are called the androgenic disorders and effects of testosterone. -
Telazol® CIII(Tiletamine and Zolazepam for Injection)
TELAZOL- tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride injection, powder, for solution Zoetis Inc. ---------- Telazol® CIII (tiletamine and zolazepam for injection) 100 mg/mL total (equivalent to 50 mg/mL tiletamine and 50 mg/mL zolazepam) For Intramuscular and Intravenous injection in Dogs For Intramuscular injection only in Cats CAUTION Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. DESCRIPTION TELAZOL (tiletamine and zolazepam for injection) is a nonnarcotic, nonbarbiturate, injectable anesthetic agent for dogs and cats. Chemically, TELAZOL is a combination of equal parts by weight of base of tiletamine hydrochloride (2-[ethylamino]-2-[2-thienyl]-cyclohexanone hydrochloride), an arylaminocycloalkanone dissociative anesthetic, and zolazepam hydrochloride (4-[o-fluorophenyl]-6, 8-dihydro-1,3,8- trimethylpyrazolo [3, 4-e][1,4] diazepin-7 [1H]-1- hydrochloride), a nonphenothiazine diazepinone having minor tranquilizing properties. The product is supplied sterile in vials. The addition of 5 mL diluent produces a solution containing the equivalent of 50 mg tiletamine base, 50 mg zolazepam base and 57.7 mg mannitol per milliliter. This solution has a pH of 2 to 3.5 and is recommended for deep intramuscular injection. INDICATIONS Dogs TELAZOL is indicated in dogs for restraint and minor procedures of short duration (30 min. avg.) requiring mild to moderate analgesia. Minor surgery is considered to be laceration repair, draining of abscesses, castrations and other procedures requiring mild to moderate analgesia. (See Dogs under Dosage and Administration.) TELAZOL administered intravenously is indicated in dogs for induction of anesthesia followed by maintenance with an inhalant anesthetic. Cats TELAZOL is indicated in cats for restraint or for anesthesia combined with muscle relaxation. -
University of Groningen Multi-Residue Analysis of Growth Promotors In
University of Groningen Multi-residue analysis of growth promotors in food-producing animals Koole, Anneke IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 1998 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Koole, A. (1998). Multi-residue analysis of growth promotors in food-producing animals. s.n. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 25-09-2021 APPENDIX 1 OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT SUBSTANCES This appendix consists of two parts. First, substances that are relevant for the research presented in this thesis are given. For each substance CAS number (CAS), molecular weight (MW), bruto formula (formula) and if available UV maxima and alternative names are given. In addition, pKa values for the ß-agonists are listed, if they were available. -
Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Pharmacological Management of Substance Abuse, Harmful Use, Addictio
444324 JOP0010.1177/0269881112444324Lingford-Hughes et al.Journal of Psychopharmacology 2012 BAP Guidelines BAP updated guidelines: evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological management of substance abuse, Journal of Psychopharmacology 0(0) 1 –54 harmful use, addiction and comorbidity: © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav recommendations from BAP DOI: 10.1177/0269881112444324 jop.sagepub.com AR Lingford-Hughes1, S Welch2, L Peters3 and DJ Nutt 1 With expert reviewers (in alphabetical order): Ball D, Buntwal N, Chick J, Crome I, Daly C, Dar K, Day E, Duka T, Finch E, Law F, Marshall EJ, Munafo M, Myles J, Porter S, Raistrick D, Reed LJ, Reid A, Sell L, Sinclair J, Tyrer P, West R, Williams T, Winstock A Abstract The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines for the treatment of substance abuse, harmful use, addiction and comorbidity with psychiatric disorders primarily focus on their pharmacological management. They are based explicitly on the available evidence and presented as recommendations to aid clinical decision making for practitioners alongside a detailed review of the evidence. A consensus meeting, involving experts in the treatment of these disorders, reviewed key areas and considered the strength of the evidence and clinical implications. The guidelines were drawn up after feedback from participants. The guidelines primarily cover the pharmacological management of withdrawal, short- and long-term substitution, maintenance of abstinence and prevention of complications, where appropriate, for substance abuse or harmful use or addiction as well management in pregnancy, comorbidity with psychiatric disorders and in younger and older people. Keywords Substance misuse, addiction, guidelines, pharmacotherapy, comorbidity Introduction guidelines (e.g. -
Veterinary Anesthetic and Analgesic Formulary 3Rd Edition, Version G
Veterinary Anesthetic and Analgesic Formulary 3rd Edition, Version G I. Introduction and Use of the UC‐Denver Veterinary Formulary II. Anesthetic and Analgesic Considerations III. Species Specific Veterinary Formulary 1. Mouse 2. Rat 3. Neonatal Rodent 4. Guinea Pig 5. Chinchilla 6. Gerbil 7. Rabbit 8. Dog 9. Pig 10. Sheep 11. Non‐Pharmaceutical Grade Anesthetics IV. References I. Introduction and Use of the UC‐Denver Formulary Basic Definitions: Anesthesia: central nervous system depression that provides amnesia, unconsciousness and immobility in response to a painful stimulation. Drugs that produce anesthesia may or may not provide analgesia (1, 2). Analgesia: The absence of pain in response to stimulation that would normally be painful. An analgesic drug can provide analgesia by acting at the level of the central nervous system or at the site of inflammation to diminish or block pain signals (1, 2). Sedation: A state of mental calmness, decreased response to environmental stimuli, and muscle relaxation. This state is characterized by suppression of spontaneous movement with maintenance of spinal reflexes (1). Animal anesthesia and analgesia are crucial components of an animal use protocol. This document is provided to aid in the design of an anesthetic and analgesic plan to prevent animal pain whenever possible. However, this document should not be perceived to replace consultation with the university’s veterinary staff. As required by law, the veterinary staff should be consulted to assist in the planning of procedures where anesthetics and analgesics will be used to avoid or minimize discomfort, distress and pain in animals (3, 4). Prior to administration, all use of anesthetics and analgesic are to be approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).