June 25, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14311 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS LESSONS OF IRAN Some argue that the hostage crisis would But a presentation that shows our resolve never have happened if we had, in the first can produce an agreement that withholds place, "stood by our friend," the Shah. But concessions and still saves lives. HON. LEE H. HAMILTON there was no way to do that, short of shoot­ Circumstances will differ from case to OF INDIANA ing our way in and occupying the country case. Sometimes a bold and skillful strike IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with full military force. can be successful, as at Entebbe. But there Thursday, June 25, 1981 Alternatively, there were suggestions that will be other less propitious times as well. we should have encouraged repressive We must be prepared to adapt our strategy e Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I action by the Iranian military, in the con­ to suit the circumstances. A rigid "never ne­ would like to bring to the attention of text of a military coup against the Shah. gotiate" posture limits the government's my colleagues an excellent speech de­ Either course would have caused wide­ ability to find an acceptable outcome. Any livered by former Deputy Secretary of spread bloodshed. And neither would have predetermined strategy, slavishly followed, State Warren Christopher on the les­ worked. For such policies would have meant could draw us to nightmarish results. siding against most of the Iranian people, I believe we should grasp, as a central sons of Iran. who then had the idyllic expectation, and lesson of the crisis, the wisdom in seeking Mr. Christopher, who was intimately not the subsequent reality, of Khomeini's negotiated settlements to international dis­ involved in the negotiations through rule. putes. Algeria to end the hostage crisis, dis­ We should be thankful President Carter That principle was sorely tested in Iran. cusses the downfall of the Shah, the had the wisdom to reject such options. They Khomeini had called the the Iranian revolution, the hostage crisis, retain some adherents only because they "Great Satan" and had forbidden any diplo­ and the lesson of the experience for were not selected and we were spared their matic contact with us. We had enormously our dealing with developing countries, consequences. complex and painful issues, and no one with our international strategy, the role of There is also a lesson here for our broader whom to raise them. our diplomats, our stake in interna­ approach in the developing world. We must Nevertheless, in the end it was not the take care to recall that our relations are force of our arms, but the force of our argu­ tional law, and the role of American with countries, not just with leaders. We ments-and our economic and diplomatic le­ values in relations with other coun­ need to broaden our contacts, to make sure verage-that ultimately prevailed. tries. that all elements of the population under­ I recall this not to credit any person, least The speech follows: stand our purposes. We must guard against of all myself, but to celebrate the impor­ LESSONS OF IRAN the tendency to identify so narrowly with tance of negotiation. To be sure, the Algeri­

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 14312 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1981 the country of incomparable experience and missions rests with the host country. That terest in world stability, grounded on the intellectual talent. is the only practical course. Transforming rule of law. In short, it is foolish policy and false econ­ our embassies into fortresses, or attempting Finally, I believe the crisis in Iran demon­ omy to fail to give strong support to this in­ to ring them with massive defenses of our strated the continuing role of our values in dispensable national asset. own, would defeat much of their purpose. our relations with the rest of the world. Along with the worth of diplomacy, the So as we do what we can to improve secu­ It was our system's inherent concern for Iran negotiations underscored the impor­ rity, we should also pay special tribute to human life that caused the government to tance of persistence and steadiness in for­ the gallantry of our Marine guards around undertake a massive effort in 1979 to evacu­ eign policy-of being prepared to wait, if the world. And we should recognize that it ate tens of thousands of private Americans necessary, until an issue is ripe for resolu­ takes courage-as well as skill-to be a diplo­ from Iran, and to reduce sharply the diplo­ tion. mat in today's world. matic contingent there. Over the early months of the crisis it Fourth, the Iran hostage crisis also From the beginning, our values at home became clear that the hostage timetable brought home-in a very tangible and im­ also helped define the boundaries of the ne­ would depend, in large part, upon the mediate way-our stake in global institu­ gotiations. For example, our government march of events in Iran that were wholly tions and in the structure of international could not agree simply to seize any of the beyond our control. The most important law. Shah's assets we could find and turn them was the emergence of authoritative leaders It has become the fashion to belittle the over to Iran. On that issue our bottom line who could speak for Iran. It was not until United Nations as a constructive force in was due process of law. It was immovable. August 1980, 10 months after the hostages world affairs. Indeed, the shortcomings of Indeed, it was largely our respect for indi­ were seized, that Iran had a Parliament the U.N. system were all too apparent in the vidual lives that made this a crisis. with power to act on the issue, and it was hostage ordeal. U.N. sanctions against Iran Had we cared less about individual human many weeks more before the lines of au­ were thwarted by an opportunistic Soviet lives, the holding of fifty-three hostages thority were clear enough for serious talks. veto. There was no effective way to enforce would not have held the entire nation's at­ During those long, painful months it was the orders of the World Court that the hos­ tention. Had we cared less, we might simply crucial not to be goaded by frustration into tages had been seized illegally and should be have written off the people and looked for an unwise course of action. released immediately. Missions to Iran by ways to punish their captors. But our con­ There are a number of lessons here: Secretary General Waldheim and by a spe­ cern about the hostages made it unthink­ In a turbulent world, there will inevitably cial five-member U.N. commission also able for us to deal with the crisis in a cal­ be other instances where problems urgently proved futile. lous or cynical manner. need solving but we can only see the faint­ Yet for all of these failings, the interna­ Our respect for human life also provides est glimmer of how it might be done. It is tional community still played an indispensa­ the essential context for any dealing with right to be impatient over such things as ble role. terrorists in the future. human suffering, war, and injustice. But we At the practical level, the solutions to We must never be overanxious. The hand need to develop a capacity for steadiness, complex aspects of the negotiations were of terrorists should not be strengthened. We not in the sense that we accept things as found in established international practice, must be prepared to wait for a settlement as they are, but to bring a constancy to the such as the rules of the U.N. Commission on long as it takes-making it clear all the effort to change them. International Trade Law. The existence of while where the responsibility lies for the In difficult specific circumstances, like settled, neutral procedures was a great help safety of people held captive. those in Iran, government should avoid in expediting the negotiations. But beyond that, I do not believe we can, building up expectations of early success­ Even more fundamentally, the political in­ or should, pretend complacency about the lest the pressure to act quickly, even if im­ fluence of the United Nations was felt at lives involved. For such a choice would trade providently, become irresistible. We must crucial times. From the outset, the General a principle-and a sacred one-for a tactic. not let the calendar be an ally of the oppo­ Assembly and Security Council resolutions This can be an excruciating issue. Our site camp. and the International Court of Justice rul­ values make it harder to operate in situa­ At the same time the press and public ings deprived Iran of any pretense that it tions where others are not so constrained, need to understand that a shortage of news was pursuing just claims in a legitimate way where the adversary is often cruel and inhu­ does not necessarily signify an absence of against the United States. The resulting iso­ mane. progress. The economic and diplomatic lation contributed to the pressure on the But our values also define us. For our own sanctions we and others applied on Iran had Iranian government. sake, and also to foster the kind of under­ a cumulative effect. They played a vital role By the same token, our pursuit of the standing we want among the people of the in the growth of a consensus in Iran that a issue through the United Nations legal ma­ world, I think we want to keep and protect settlement would serve Iran's interests. So chinery stirred international sympathy for our unique definition. on that score we were making headway even our cause. Our course strengthened the in­ There are compensations as well as costs when we appeared to be dead in the water. clination of scores of countries-some in to a foreign policy built on ideals. In South­ A wide understanding of such a phenome­ public, some very quietly-to help us with west Asia, the world had been presented a non could lead to greater national steadi­ diplomacy of their own. In addition, when striking contrast between our approach and ness, and thus to more realistic and effec­ we imposed sanctions in April of 1980, most that of the Soviet Union, whose forces con­ tive diplomacy. countries treated those as legitimate steps. tinue still to spill the blood of nationalists In a third area, the Iran crisis reminded us By pursuing all lawful means, we built in­ in Afghanistan. While we have been re­ of the perilous circumstances in which our creased respect both for the law and for strained, the Soviets have inflicted their diplomats often must perform. Are there ourselves. bloody preference in dictators on a non­ better ways to protect them, to prevent The United Nations environment ulti­ aligned neighbor. Where we have abided by takeovers like that in Iran? mately produced a crucial turning point. In the rule of law, the Soviets have attempted Certainly there are ways to improve our mid-October, Prime Minister Rajai visited to impose the rule of raw power on a weaker posture: the United Nations and sought to focus state. Structural improvements and tightened world attention on Iran's grievances in its That message has not been lost on other procedures can make embassies more defen­ conflict with Iraq. But he played to a cold countries and peoples. The Soviet star in sible, and a program of that kind is under­ house at the U.N. He was told repeatedly the Third World plummeted in the months way. that Iran could expect no support from the following the invasion, and ours, corre­ Marine guard contingents can be rein­ world community as long as the American spondingly, has risen. Again, the message forced. hostages remained in confinement. Im­ for us in this surely is not that we should We can thin down embassy staffs, or evac­ pressed by the U.N. experience, he took copy the tactics and standards of our rivals, uate, in times of crisis. In Iran, our official back to Iran a new appreciation of Iran's but that we should spotlight and celebrate staff was cut from over 1400 personnel isolation and its stake in ending the crisis. the difference. From such a comparison, we before the revolution to about 70 in Novem­ These are events to keep in mind as we can only emerge the stronger and more re­ ber of 1979. contemplate the worth of the United Na­ spected. We can work through international insti­ tions and our participation in it. I do not Using the sharpened vision of hindsight­ tutions for rules that make sanctions auto­ suggest by any means that criticism ought and the cooling influence of time-I offer matic when governments either condone to be silenced. But we also ought to see these few thoughts as a tentative assess­ terrorism or engage in such conduct them­ beyond the dreary sameness of General As­ ment of the hostage crisis. What is their selves. sembly debates. We ought to recognize that sum? But we cannot reduce the risks to zero. the United Nations and its affiliated institu­ The crisis gave us the chance to grow Under international law, the ultimate re­ tions do far more than vent the anger of the wiser in our dealings with the developing sponsibility for the security of diplomatic developing world. Indeed, they serve our in- world. June 25, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14313 It underscored for us the importance of tee of the House Armed Services Com­ ers: "On June 5, spot silver on Comex closed steady diplomacy in pursuit of our interests, mittee, which voted unanimously not at ... $9,8950. In our opinion, that will be in contrast to the impetuous resort to force to sell silver prior to this action. the low for the year.... " where its use would damage our interests. Barron's Financial Weekly in its That's what makes markets. As to the pol­ It drew our attention to the great contri­ itics of silver, an element that assays as butions, and the legitimate needs, of our June 22, 1981, issue ran an excellent high today as a century ago, we hold strong­ diplomatic service. editorial on this subject. I strongly er views. The issue currently before Con­ It brought back to us a tangible return commend it to the attention of my col­ gress is whether or not to dispose of 139.5 from the international community we have leagues. million ounces of the metal, the total board supported. SILVER RATES A HOLD-THE UNITED STATES now held in the U.S. stockpile. On June 4, And in more ways than one, for us and SHOULD NOT SELL AN OUNCE FROM THE the Seapower and Strategic and Critical Ma­ others, the hostage crisis displayed and STOCKPILE terials Subcommittee of the House Armed tested American ideals-and they were Long before the Hunt brothers surfaced, Services Committee, by unanimous vote, re­ found worthy. silver, so a top executive of the American jected the proposed sale. A week later, the As I have reflected on that last night in Smelting & Refining Co. of On rollcall No. 102, final passage of powers-that-be at the Commodity Exchange $48.70. and Chicago Board of Trade, under attack Thereupon, the market abruptly reversed, the bill, I would have voted "aye."• for taking steps that seemed designed to falling more than 30 percent in the follow­ further private financial interests rather ing week and continuing to plunge until the SILVER RATES A HOLD-THE than the public weal, also received relatively end of March, when the metal changed high grades. True, such findings by no hands at $10.80 an ounce, barely 25 percent UNITED STATES SHOULD NOT means constitute the last' word: both CFTC of the peak price. The Hunts missed a $100 SELL AN OUNCE FROM THE and SEC continue to pursue probes of their million-plus margin call, and for a day or so, STOCKPTT.....E own, and charges may still be brought. the financial community stood poised on Nonetheless, for the present at least, the the brink of disaster. Today, of course, all HON. LARRY McDONALD Hunts et al. stand accused of nothing worse that seems like ancient history. Bache & than seeking, perhaps over-zealously, to pro­ Co. has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES flation. Miscalculation, but no crime. seen its shares recover from a low of $7% to Thursday, June 25, 1981 Even on that score, the outlook strikes the $32 recently offered by Prudential In­ those in the trade as no longer wholly bleak. surance Co. The stock market has staged a e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, if Since hitting the low a few weeks ago, silver robust advance across-the-board. Apart present plans hold, the United States has failed to show further weakness. More­ from the Hunts, who dropped billions of must sell most if not all the silver it over, at least one astute observer, Charles dollars and wound up in hock, silver rates presently has in our national stock­ Stahl of Green's Commodity Market Com­ was the casualty of the whole affair. pile. The silver will be sold in the ments, has turned unabashedly bullish. Here, too, recovery may be shaping up. name of budget reconciliation, directly True, unlike its glittering record in gold, Back in January, in the pages of Barron's, where for more than a year it succeeded in Dennis A. Suskind and Irwin Shishko, vice contrary to Public Law 96-41, the calling all the turns, Greens' has been pre­ presidents of J. Aron & Co. Inc., dealers in Strategic and Critical Material Stock­ maturely positive on silver: for some weeks precious metals, took a hard look at the piling Revision Act of 1979, which its readers have been long on the metal, at long-range prospects. According to their sta­ states: an average price of $11.49, somewhat above tistical work, throughout 1979, production The purpose of the stockpile is to serve the current market. Nonetheless, it makes a persistently fell short of industrial demand the interest of national defense only and is plausible case for the upside, including the at $7-$9 an ounce. "If silver ever drops not to be used for economic or budgetary steady climb in consumption during the below $10 again," the two concluded, "[it] is purposes. past 81 months, the likelihood that millions likely to shift back to chronic shortage." of silver coins will be turned out next year Green's Commodity Market Comments as We are not only moving to violate to commemorate the 1984 Olympic Games, noted, has turned short-term bullish. Ob­ the law of the land, but we are going and the plans of Sunshine Mining Co. to serving that the Bureau of Mines recently against the decision of the responsible mint one-ounce silver medallions known as revised upward its estimate of 1980 domestic subcommittee-Seapower and Strate­ "sunshines." Weighing the prospects, consumption, from 117. 7 million ounces to gic and Critical Materials Subcommit- Green's last week flatly advised its follow- 125.2 million, the firm went on to say that 14314 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1981 in the first quarter of 1981, usage stood at became trapped in an abandoned ers, paramedics, and rescue team mem­ the highest level in 18 months. "It is our ex­ septic tank in his front yard. bers be commended for their service. I pectation," it added, "that consumption of Responding to what was thought to hope that each of us will reflect upon silver this year will be 10-15 percent higher than in 1980, and that in 1982, consumption be a routine call-a boy trapped in a the dangerous duties performed by will increase drastically because of the pro­ sewer; no serious injuries-paramedics these men and women in communities posed Olympic coins, the minting of which from St. Joseph Hospital in Lancaster throughout this great nation and will should start by the end of this year or be­ and volunteer firefighters from the approve this resolution.• ginning of next. . . . We expect a sustained Bausman Fire Co. were immediately move which should carry the price of silver dispatched to the scene. "Jamie," as to the $16 level within a reasonable time." he is fondly addressed by his family, FLOOR STATEMENT ON SBA Such a rise, of course, would undoubtedly PHYSICAL DISASTER LOANS delight the Hunts, who still hold a mini­ was rescued through the heroic efforts mum of 63 million ounces. Win or lose, how­ of these rescue squads. But in their at­ ever, they should be pleased with what the tempts to retrieve the boy from the 8- HON. E. THOMAS COLEMAN CFTC report had to say about their contro­ foot hole, three brave, selfless, young OF MISSOURI versial dealings. By taking delivery of the men lost their lives. physical metal, the buyers probably acceler­ Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay trib­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ated the upswing in prices. However, add ute to these self-sacrificing men, 24- Thursday, June 25, 1981 the investigators: "From a surveillance per­ year-old Bruce Ditlow of Lancaster, Mr. COLEMAN. Mr. Speaker, last spective, the actions of the Hunts and other 22-year-old Kevin Weatherlow of e major long position holders were in several year much of the Midwest suffered respects inconsistent with conduct normally Willow Street, and 18-year-old Jeffrey recordbreaking temperatures and attributable to a market squeeze on a ma­ Jones of Lancaster. drought. In midwestern cities, people turing futures contract." Specifically, "the Bruce Ditlow and Kevin Weatherlow died of the heat. In the rural areas, largest position concentrations were in de­ were best friends as well as partners folks were more fortunate, but agricul­ ferred rather than nearby delivery months. on the St. Joseph Hospital rescue Also, the major buyers- the Hunts and sev­ squad. They attended Penn Manor ture was devastated as crops literally eral foreign interests-appeared to want to High School together. They trained to burned up in the fields. Corn and soy­ acquire physical silver bullion. To this end, become paramedics together. Bruce bean yields were cut to fractions of [they] were willing to accept non-certificat­ served as best man at Kevin's wedding. normal harvest. ed silver in other locations and forms, Appropriately, the Federal Govern­ rather than insist that the shorts fully meet When Bruce descended into the hole, to bring Jamie Walker to safety, ment provided relief to those in our their contractual obligations to make deliv­ cities suffering from the heat wave. ery in accordance with the terms of the fu­ neither he nor anyone else at the tures market. They also exchanged ware­ scene knew that the pit was complete­ The Government was committed to house receipts covering deliverable silver for ly absent of oxygen. Bruce was imme­ this effort and carried out its obliga­ silver located outside the U.S. In addition, diately overcome by what was thought tion to city dwellers. But the Federal the CFTC and the exchanges had also re­ to be highly combustible methane gas, Government did not meet all of last ceived assurances that, consistent with their but was later determined to be a summer's crises so well. In fact, the historical trading practices, the Hunts and Government shirked its duties in one other major longs would liquidate or roll deadly concentration of carbon diox­ ide. Kevin, recognizing that his friend vital area. I speak of the Small Busi­ forward at least part of their positions in ness Administration's physical disaster the maturing futures contracts." So far, so was in trouble, equipped himself with good. breathing apparatus and life lines and loans. Let me explain what occurred: As to the proposed liquidation of the entered the small opening. Finding Until mid-March of this year, SBA stockpiled silver, Barron's takes a dim view. Bruce unconscious, Kevin removed his was making loans to farmers who lost For one thing, as Simon D. Strauss

maica aro'und, away from Cuban-style com­ done with the market system and popular High ~chool; and Stephanie Young, munism, he has also come forward as the elections and a strong protection of human London High School. force behind the new Marshij.ll-style plan rights." Also participating in the conference designed to turn around the entire Caribbe­ ALTERED LEADERSHIP STYLE an. were: Jeff Arling, Minster High Interviewed recently in Washington, the That is why he is now pushing to extend, School; Mark Arnold, Greenhills High prime minister pleaded that this moment be in effect, the Jamaican experience through School; Daniel R. Baker, Goshen High seized. "Last year the Caribbean basin came a Marshall-type plan for the area. It would require between $1 billion and $3 billion a School; Leon D. Baranovsky, Wyoming through six elections, and all reinforced the High School; Christoper Barton, Car­ moderate side of the electoral spectrum," he year from many sources in order to create said. "The mood exists at present and is an the public infrastructure on which to build dinal Stritch High School; Gregory G. opportunity that ought not to be lost." good market economies and democracies. Bernardo, St. John High School; Mi­ But what is perhaps most interesting is chelle Boehl, Lockland High School; OPPORTUNITY KNOCKS the way in which leadership styles have also "Now the shift has been made by the Paul D. Brown, Greenville High changed. Michael Manley was the epitome School; Victoria R. Brown, Shelby people, politically; but the region does not of the charismatic, personalistic, macho have the wherewithal to lift itself up eco­ leader, a type that has taken the attention Senior High School; Melissa Buschel­ nomically. If we lose this opportunity, we of so much of the world for so long. He mann, Reading High School; Mike will cause a shift back to the leftist side­ spoke to the guts and to the emotions. Callahan, Deer Park High School; the Reagan administration recognizes that Seaga, on the other hand, represents the Doris Cannon, Hughes High School; and has shown responsibility in taking the cool, managerial leader, the dour doer who Rebecca Cherry, Notre Dame Acade­ lead." speaks to the rational mind. We are leaving my; Lisa Clark, Lima C. Catholic High Only a year ago, the then lawyer and op­ the turbulent, violent world of Manley's ma­ position leader was a dour and dogged man, School; Christopher L. Cloran, Bishop chismo. The world we are entering is going Fenwick High School; Colleen Cullers, his beautiful island torn asunder. The leftist to need many more of Seaga's type of leader but charismatic government of Prime Minis­ if countries are really to develop and not Greenville High School; Richard D. ter Michael Manley had, in eight years in simply wither away.e Davis, Jr., Northmont High School; power, brought the economy to total bank­ Charles Delahunt, Wyoming High ruptcy. School; Steve Dinkins, Newcomers­ Violence reigned everywhere. The Cubans OPERATION YOUTH town High School; Noreen Donovan, were training 1,000 young men to the ideo­ logical spearhead of the new order that Our Lady of Angels High School; would spread from there around the Carib­ HON. WILLIS D. GRADISON, JR. Walter Engle, Miami Trace High School; Gail Enright, Mother Seton bean. Even if Seaga won the election-as he OF OHIO did solidly last autumn-it looked as though High School. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it would take years to bring things even re­ Debra Fogle, Shelby Senior High motely back to normal. Thursday, June 25, 1981 School; Sherry Forste, Deer Park High But it has not taken years, a lesson that might be useful elsewhere. He points out: e Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, I School; Kathy Funderburg, Greenville violent crimes are down 39 percent over last would like to take this opportunity to High School; Jeannie Gravenkemper, November; after his first six months in recognize an outstanding program­ Southeastern High School; Brenda office an annual inflation rate of 25 percent Operation Youth-which recently Green, Loveland Hurst High School; is now down to 1.2 percent; the blackmarket took place in my district. Operation Mary T. Green, St. Ursula Academy; in foodstuffs is virtually destroyed and the Youth is a week-long conference Thomas E. Gremling, Lima C. Catho­ independent food market is thriving; foreign during which interested young men lic High School; Karen Grimm, investment, which many thought totally Mother Seton High School; Gabrielle dead, is responding remarkably well. and women learn about our system of "We have had a fantastic response from government. Gundrum, McNicholas High School; foreign investment," he said, looking a little This year's conference, the 31st edi­ Derek Hart, Oak Hills High School; surprised himself. "We set up a special unit tion, was held June 6-13 at Xavier Maureen Hermie, Mother of Mercy to handle it and that is one of the reasons University in Cincinnati, and 95 select­ High School; Jeffrey Hensley, Love­ for the flood of investment. They find it ed Ohio high school students partici­ land Hurst High School; Martha easy to operate in Jamaica." pated in the program. The agenda in­ Homan, Marion Local High School; After years of squabbling between the Robert J. Hughes, Elder High School; Manley government and the International cluded speeches by leaders in govern­ Monetary Fund over money for the nearly ment, education, and the media on John Janning, Roger Bacon High bankrupt island, the Seaga people have set­ topics such as "America's World Af­ School; Kimberly M. Jones, Eaton tled nicely with the IMF-and done it with fairs," "Science, Energy and Society," High School; Stephen E. Kauffman, a new, supply-side strategy. and "Free Enterprise Economics." Findlay High School; Scott Kinnison, The prime minister sees the entire mood Forums were then set up so the stu­ Sidney Lehman High School; Jerome as changed. "First there is the wave of con­ dents could discuss these topics and E. Klems, Purcell High School; Janet fidence in the government," he said. "As a other current issues. In addition, the A. Koch, Bishop Fenwick High School; result of that, the country is more stable Dough Kremer, Marion Local High and people are applying themselves to proj­ students formed political parties and ects. Before, there was no purpose in doing elected officials to a mock municipal School; Andy Kress, Toledo C. Catho­ so because there was no hope." government. I am extremely proud to lic High School; Bill Lehmkuhl, Min­ Even the 1,000 young men who were being recognize those who were elected to ster High School; Jennifer Lewis, trained in Cuba to be the ideological and office as well as those who participat­ Bishop Rosecrans High School; Jeff paramilitary shock troops of the "second ed in all other aspects of this valuable Logsdon, Findlay High School; Lynn Cuba" in the hemisphere have just "melded program. Marggrander, Loveland Hurst High themselves into society," he said. School. "They were supposed to be the forward They are as follows: Mayor, Stephen thrust, the strong hand. They would be re­ J. Cook, Moeller High School; vice Erik Mattes, Madeira High School; warded with economic contracts. Since none mayor, Beth Stallbaumer, Goshen Esther Mattick, Taylor High School; of that has been forthcoming, they have High School; city manager, Greg LuAnn Mayle, Notre Dame Academy; melted away. But that doesn't mean they Schildmeyer, Roger Bacon High Forrest G. McClain, Talawanda High don't constitute some kind of potential." School; clerk of council, Jim Barone, School; Melissa McDonald, St. Ursula What Seaga's Jamaica has shown so dra­ Moeller High School; and city council Academy; Linda McKenzie, McAuley matically is that even a rich but bankrupt members: Marty Berning, Elder High High School; Andrea L. Metz, Mt. island, "gone" as far as Jamaica was, can still return, with the right management and School; Tom Breitenbach, Moeller Healthy High School; Nancy Minning, leadership. "It is very important that Jamai­ High School; Beth A. Donabedian, Mother Seton High School; Joanie ca be successful, because Jamaica's example McNicholas High School; Joe Sabato, Mooney, New Lexington High School; is the most dramatic, classic case of the Elder High School; Bill Telles, Elder Annette Morris, Indian Lake High turnaround, an example of what can be High School; Barry Tiemeier, Elder School; Christine Muller, Wyoming

79-059 0-84-34 (Pt. 11) 14320 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1981 High School; Michael O'Hearn, long series analyzing the problem in immune, and the places to hide are fewer Todedo C. Catholic High School; its many dimensions. The introduc­ and fewer." Maria T. Ollier, Ursuline Academy; tion, "A Nation Afraid" shows how A recent Gallup poll, conducted for the National League of Cities, showed crime has Holly Ann Parnell, Oak Hills High much crime does rob Americans of the emerged·as the No. 1 concern of Americans. School; Thomas L. Pommering, Love­ freedom we cherish. The introduction, Twenty-five years ago, crime was not even land Hurst High School; Tricia printed below, and the entire series among the top 10 problems named. Powers, McNicholas High School; show how crime makes many millions The FBI says crime has climbed steadily Betsy Roth, Mother of Mercy High of our citizens victims every day of each year since the early 1960s, except for a School; Susan E. Schmid, Madeira their lives. slight decrease in 1976. According to the High School; Gregory J. Sertell, Ar­ The following is an excerpt from the FBI, the numbers of violent crimes reported lington High School; Terry Siebel, first article of this important series. to police jumped 80% during the past decade. Norwood High School. [From the Plain Dealer, June 7, 1981] FBI statistics take on an added dimension Kelly Lyn Smith, Western Hills WE, THE PEOPLE: LoCKED BEHIND BARS OF when considering that two out of three vio­ High School; Stephen S. Smith, FEAR lent crimes are not even reported to police. Mason High School; Steven Sokoloski, (By Alan A. A. Siefullah and W. C. Miller) Despite this increase in reported crimes, Columbus DeSales High School; "The decent people are living behind bars, the National Crime Survey, a semiannual Ronald J. Steinbrunner, Coldwater threatened by criminal terrorists who seem report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, High School; Cindy Sullivan, New Lex­ to be roaming the streets with immunity shows no indication of a crime boom. ington High School; Tim Taylor, from punishment," said Police Chief Joseph The National Crime Surveys maintain D. McNamara of San Jose, Calif. that crime rates have been unchanged since Moeller High School; Cheryl L. Thiel­ the mid-1970s, though their findings give meyer, Princeton High School; Rich­ The shootings of public figures-Pope John Paul II, President Reagan, John little solace. ard C. Vandewalle, Taylor High Lennon, Vernon Jordan-magnify the per­ Each year, one of 17 households experi­ School; Michael D. Watson, St. Ber­ vasive, sickening feeling that anyone and ev­ ences a murder, rape, robbery or assault, nard High School; Dawn M. Wilbers, eryone in America is a target. the survey says. One of every 13 households Western Hills High School; Wayne C. In Atlanta, the unsolved slayings of 28 is burglarized. Wilkey, Oak Hills High School; Marie black children and young adults provide "When everyone on your block can expect Wurzelbacher, McAuley High School; constant reminders of how vulnerable to be victimized by a violent crime or bur­ people are. These are the well-publicized glary at least once during the coming Donald P. Zimmerman, Norwood High decade, then you have a massive problem of School; Douglas Zink, Turpin High cases. Thousands of other senseless, violent crimes-murder, rape, aggravated assault crime," said Harry A. Scarr, director of the School; Mary A. Zocolo, Salem Senior and robbery-occur each day. statistics bureau. High School; Sharon K. Cannedy, "We all have a fantasy, a fear of this hap­ As fast as crime spreads, fear of crime Aiken Sr. High School. pening to us," said Michael B. Leach, a spreads faster. Surveys show that four of 10 I would especially like to honor Wil­ Cleveland psychologist who counsels crime Americans are highly fearful they will liam E. Smith, director of Operation victims and their families. "When it does become victims of violent crimes. Yet less Youth and Professor of Accounting happen, people talk about it over and over than one-half of 1% will. again." · Skyrocketing sales of guns, guard dogs, and Finance at Xavier University. His burglar alarms, locks and chemical repellant dedication in insuring the success of Soon, Leach said, a dozen people are afraid, a dozen lives affected. "People who are only the superficial signs of the fear this program has been unsurpassed. never have anything happen to them that seems to paralyze America. Other, be­ His efforts, as well as those of his become terrified they might." havioral signs are much more subtle. staff: Tom, Gardner, Maureen On America's crime clock, someone is slain Fearful Americans are less likely to go Murphy, Rev. Lee J. Bennish, Kevin every 24 minutes. A rape takes place each shopping or to movies at night. Many down­ M. Bien, Lisa Bruemmer, Bill Maly, seven minutes. A robbery comes each 68 sec­ towns and urban parks are deserted. "You Glen Napolitano, Jean C. Bolen, Dan onds, an assault each 51 seconds. used to see couples strolling their neighbor­ Eddingfield, Pam Ehrman, Karen In Cleveland last year a slaying was com­ hoods at night," a policeman said. mitted every 32 hours. A rape took place "Not anymore." Indeed, polls show, three of Fahlbusch, Karen Schilling, and Rob every 12112 hours. A robbery occurred nearly five urban Americans are afraid to walk in Semmel, enabled 95 young citizens to every hour, and an assault every 12112 hours. their own neighborhoods at night. gain new insight into the workings of Nationally, in two-thirds of these violent The Figgie Report, a nationwide survey of democracy.e crimes, the victims did not know their as­ 1,000 people, last year found more than half sailants. This is perhaps the most terrifying of American women make sure they have fact of all. companions when going out at night. Seven CRIME "It's spooky talking to some of these of 10 women telephone friends to report guys," said Cleveland homicide detective they have arrived home safely. HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR Robert Shankland. "Killers today are dif­ The study, commissioned by Figgie Inter­ ferent, unfeeling. I had a half-dozen guys national of Cleveland

79-059 0-84-35 (Pt. 11) 14336 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1981 is the industry average for investor-owned other utility sectors are substantially ratios are superior to those of the G&T co­ electric utilities. higher, due in part to the differences in the ops, the B rated utility would probably pay Profitability of the G&T cooperatives is amortization of debt. at least 20 percent interest on new financing reflected by the excess of revenues over ex- . By all accounts, the key financial ratios of if such financing could be obtained at all. penses G&T financing would not be consid­ Earned Ratio . This is calculated lowest rated utility, a single B

Another common financial ratio, Debt 1 Department of Energy, "Statistics of Privately­ (4) The Federal Financing Bank

TABLE 1.-FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF G&T COOPERATIVES [Dollars in thousands]

Equity- percent Margins-percent Margins TIER I 2 State and G& T co-op assets revenue DSC

Alabama: Alabama EC ...... 0.8 $267 0.4 1.01 1.1 0 Arizona: Arizona EPC ...... - .1 - 1.490 - .2 .93 1.06 Arkansas: KAMO EC ...... 11.4 1,615 3.0 2.42 1.69 Arkansas ECC ...... - .7 - 3,847 - 4.7 .82 .94 Colorado: Colorado-UTE...... 8 4,570 9.1 1.22 1.42 Tr i·State G& T...... 3.3 6,576 8.3 1.20 1.22 Florida: Seminole EC ...... 1.1 162 2.2 1.18 1.80 Georgia: Oglethorpe EMC ...... 4.0 11,043 5.1 1.18 1 Illinois: Southern Illinois Power ...... 2.6 - 221 - 1.1 .97 1.24 Western Illinois ...... 1.1 - 243 - 1. 2 .96 .98 Indiana: Hoosier Energy ...... 1.5 1,116 2.3 1.06 .22 Iowa: Central IA ...... 7.6 3,547 9.6 1.59 1.60 Corn Belt PC ...... 6.6 265 .9 1.06 .99 Northwestern Iowa PC ...... 6.0 934 5.4 1.17 1.70 L&O PC ...... 29.6 311 12.8 5.13 3.08 Kansas: Sunflower EC ...... - 3.9 - 887 - 2.7 .49 .71 Kentucky: East Kentucky PC ...... 1.1 - 2,511 - 2.8 .90 1.01 Big Rivers EC ...... 2.5 8,072 6.5 1.40 1. 24 Louisiana: C3jun EPC ...... 2.0 9,309 11.1 1.23 1.41 Michigan: Wolveri ne EC ...... -.i 200 1.3 1.03 5.92 Northern Michigan EC ...... 1.5 - 54 -.2 .99 .09 Minnesota: Cooperative Power Association ...... 1.5 1,966 2.9 1.04 1.33 United Power Association ...... 3.4 6,276 8.6 1.19 1.19 Mississippi: South Mississippi EPA ...... 1.4 3,413 3.5 1.20 1.43 Missouri: Sho-Me Power ...... 9.1 296 .7 1.20 1.13 M&A EPC ...... 18.6 1,265 7.5 2.97 1.87 Northeastern Missouri EPC ...... 44.3 2,597 11 .9 10.58 3.33 Central EPC ...... 11.8 1,295 4.4 2.63 1.52 Northwestern EPC ...... 25.8 1,966 8.7 4.69 1.83 Assoc. EC ...... 1.9 14,752 8.6 1.48 5.94 Montana: Upper Montana G&T ...... 1...... 32.1 135 1.5 4.89 5.61 Nebraska: Nebraska Electric G& T...... 1.0 - 8 0 .93 .99 New Mexico: Plains Electric...... 19.2 1,537 4.5 2.78 2.02 North Dakota: Minnkota PC ...... 12.0 5,681 10.l 1.73 1.25 Central Power ...... 18.3 718 5.1 2.53 1.97 Basin EPC ...... 3 4,560 5.6 1.08 1.25 Square Butte ...... 2 283 .5 1.01 1.02 Ohio: Buckeye Power ...... 10.8 3,488 2.9 1.11 1.47 Oklahoma: Western Farmers...... 7.9 1,711 2.2 1.18 1.23 Pennsylvania: Allegheny EC ...... 4.2 2,122 4.9 1.16 1.17 South carolina: Central EPC ...... 2.7 336 .5 1.13 1 South Dakota: East River EPC ...... 16.1 1,034 4.5 1.84 1.65 Rushmore EPC ...... '...... 33.2 463 2.8 12.61 1.98 Texas: Brazos EPC ...... 9.6 1,714 2.6 1.44 1.20 South Texas EC ...... 7.9 703 3.0 1.74 1.31 Wisconsin: Dairyland Power ...... 13.9 3,430 3.4 1.22 1.20

1 Times interest earned ratio: interest plus margins divided by interest. 2 Debt service coverage: margins plus interest plus depreciation divided by debt service. Source: REA, Annual Statistical Report, 1979. June 25, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14337 TABLE IL-FINANCIAL COMPARISONS with the continuation of section 406 subsi­ cern of each of the members of this subcom­ dy. One need only look at the low load fac­ mittee, Mr. Chairman, is surely that which [Dollars in thousands J tors Republic has achieved recently on its asks whether or not we can actually phase operations in South Dakota to recognize the out the huge subsidy to the large airlines Equi- Prof- ty- Aver- it- reasons for Republic's plans. The load fac­ and yet protect those communities which per- age per- TIER tors on Republic's South Dakota operations are now being served by those airlines. cent prof- cent DSC averaged only 43 percent in fiscal 1980, a I believe that the answer from the com­ as- it reve- sets nue level well below break even. The four cities munities in eastern South Dakota is a re­ which will soon lose Republic service gener­ sounding "Yes." ated an average of 7 to 12 enplanements per Yes; we can not only survive but improve G& T cooperatives ...... 4 $803 1.4 1.2 1.3 Investor-owned utilities ...... 41 45.710 11.2 2.4 3.1 day last year. These traffic levels cannot with commuters. Municipal electric utilities ...... 24 5,012 13.0 1.9 2.4 support service with the Convair aircraft, Yes; we can cut costs and improve service. let alone with the larger DC-9 aircraft that Yes; we can make the airline industry Sources: REA, Annual Statistical Report, 1979. DOE, Statistics of Publicly constitutes the bulk of Republic's fleet. work better through the efficient use of the Owned Electric Utilities, 1979. DOE, Statistics of Privately Owned Electric Utilities, 1979.e And it was during these months that the 419 program. Civil Aeronautics Board first proposed the This approach of eliminating section 406 termination of the 406 subsidy and the en­ and relying solely on section 419 to meet the hanced utilization of the 419 program. service needs of small communities raises SECTION 406 SUBSIDY With these new realizations now clear, the the question of how successful the CAB has last 6 months have been a time when the been in implementing the section 419 pro­ people of my State have been introduced to gram in terms of working with the commu­ HON. THOMAS A. DASCHLE a whole new world of airline service through nities and in attracting replacement carri­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA the commuter industry. And the more they ers. Here again the evidence in South IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES see, the more they like. The more they Dakota is extremely revealing. Since Repub­ Thursday, June 25, 1981 learn, the more they are excited about the lic notified Brookings, Huron, Mitchell, and prospects of not only comparable service to Yankton of its intent to terminate its serv­ e Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. Speaker, today which they have become accustomed, but ice there has been a cooperative and con­ I was honored to testify before the even improved service in those cities which certed effort by all of the communities in House Aviation Subcommittee regard­ had almost given up on quality air travel in the State, the South Dakota Department of ing the proposal by the Civil Aeronau­ recent years. Transportation, and the CAB to analyze the tics Board to terminate section 406 They are impressed, as I am impressed, overall air service requirements of each with the fact that commuter passenger traf­ community in the State, to seek carriers in­ subsidies to certain airlines. fic has increased almost 40 percent in just terested in providing service to the commu­ Since this issue may have a most sig­ the last 2 years. They share the enthusiasm, nities and to effectuate a smooth transition nificant impact on my State, I insert now, which is evident in nearly 90 percent in service. The CAB office in Kansas City my testimony in the RECORD: of all cities receiving scheduled air service has done one of the finest jobs of providing Mr. Chairman and members of the com­ for this new mode of air travel, now growing top quality Government service that I have mittee, I wish to express my gratitude to at a rate unprecedent in the airline indus­ seen in my years in public office. you for the opportunity to appear here try. Meetings have been held with local and before you today. I commend you for your Unlike Republic, these carriers are largely State officials, air carrier representatives, interest in resolving the issues pertaining to reliant on the development of air traffic in and CAB staff to discuss the plans and pros­ section 406 subsidy termination. communities just like these for their overall pects. The State has commissioned an air If I were to be completely candid with success, and this mutual interest is benefi­ service study to evaluate the needs of the you, I would be forced to admit that the tes­ cial to the communities. At present, no com­ communities and the opportunities for car­ timony which I am about to give would have muter air carrier operates in the State of riers. The CAB, in cooperation with this been significantly different 6 months ago. South Dakota, and this in part may be a effort, extended the normal time period for But a great deal has happened since then. result of our maintaining Republic's service filing of service proposals until mid-July to Six months ago all that most of South by subsidizing it under section 406. More im­ enable the State to complete this study for Dakota knew about the airline industry was portantly, the notice by Republic to sus­ use by prospective carriers in formulating found on the seat insert in front of us as we pend service in these communities has their proposals. One proposal, already filed sat in the plane. brought forth a number of commuter air to serve the four communities, offers a com­ Six months ago, all that most of South carriers who are anxious to enter South prehensive pattern of air service with 29- Dakota knew about the future of airline Dakota once Republic leaves. I believe this seat Nord aircraft. service in our State was that the price of is a healthy sign and affords us the opportu­ The CAB advises me that they will be that service was likely to increase . . . but nity to develop service suited to the size and carefully reviewing all proposals filed and with at least some certainty that the level needs of these communities, with assistance the fitness and reliability of the prospective of service would stay the same. under the section 419 program to the extent carriers to insure that both the quantity Six months ago, it was generally believed necessary. It also suggests that to prolong and quality of service meet the require­ that whatever subsidy was being given the Republic's service at other small communi­ ments of the essential air service program. airlines by the Federal Government to serve ties by continuing section 406 when we In examining a carrier's ability to provide South Dakota was money well spent. could be developing new carriers and service essential air service, the Board expends con­ That money was, of course, provided is not in the long-term public interest, par­ siderable effort to assess the operational ca­ through the 406 subsidy. And I, not know­ ticularly when it is likely that Republic will pabilities and financial position of the carri­ ing any viable alternative, was a believer. ultimately suspend services at these points ers. But as I said, Mr. Chairman, a lot of regardless. Mr. Chairman, we probably never will be things have happened in these last 6 In 1980, Republic received an annual rate airline experts. And the commuter airlines months. of over $4.5 million to serve the seven com­ are not yet serving in our State. We aren't In February, it was announced that one of munities in South Dakota. In 1981 the rate even certain which of the airlines will be. our most important airlines, would be pull­ increased 18 percent. For Brookings, Huron, But we are encouraged. We are encouraged ing out of at least four cities in eastern Mitchell, and Yankton, they received ap­ because no less than five different airlines South Dakota. as soon as some viable re­ proximately $1.9 million in 1980. While it is have already expressed an interest in placement could be found. At least two too early in the section 419 process to know coming to our State. We are encouraged be­ other major commercial centers in my state what the cost will be under section 419, the cause already most of those airlines and may also soon find themselves with little or CAB believes, based on other similar cases others have visited our State, have talked to no service. already completed, that it will be substan­ our people and have begun making plans. There are nine certificated points in tially less than the current 406 cost. More Having had these experiences, however, South Dakota, seven of which are receiving importantly, the funds spent under section we are becoming experts on air travel in air service from Republic subsidized under 419 will probably have more long-term bene­ South Dakota. The old beliefs no longer section 406. While Republic's service in the fit for the South Dakota communities in have the same validity they once had. And State, primarily with 48-seat Convair-580 that they will help to foster the develop­ having begun to develop this expertise, I aircraft, has attempted to meet the needs of ment of new carriers and service suited to can say without hesitation that the commu­ these communities in the past, I am not op­ the size and needs of these communities. nities of my State, the CAB proposal to ter­ timistic about the prospects for the carrier This is really what the question here minate the 406 subsidy is not only a propos­ continuing its service in the future, even today is really all about. The genuine con- al which makes budgetary sense, it may be a 14338 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1981 key to the new world of travel to which we A TRIBUTE TO CHARLES WHITE The history of the Ukranian people now look with great anticipation. That an­ is filled with outstanding achievement ticipation, however, should not blind us to and includes a long record of opposi­ the fact that there will be some temporary HON. JULIAN C. DIXON OF CALIFORNIA tion to Soviet dominance and Soviet confusions and dislocations of service. In human rights abuses. Upon the col­ particular, I refer to the possibility of carri­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lapse of the Tsarist Russian Empire, ers presently serving under 406 subsidy Thursday, June 25, 1981 being able to continue their service under the Ukranian National Republic was the 419 program. I have the assurances of • Mr. DIXON. Mr. Speaker, I would established on January 22, 1918. By the CAB that every effort will be made to like to take a minute to share with you 1920, that independent republic was see that these carriers, including Republic, and my colleagues some of the out­ destroyed by Russian aggression. Yet will be given every opportunity to establish standing accomplishments of the late the Ukranian people remained unwaiv­ their eligibility for 419 subsidy, if they can Charles White, who died last year at ering in their commitment to freedom show that such a determination will, in fact the age of 62. This fine American dis­ and independence. On June 30, 1941, be the most cost-effective way to provide es­ tinguished himself in the field of art they proclaimed their independence sential service. I certainly would encourage and is well known in art circles for his again, and denounced both their such a process, and hope that the affected murals and graphic art work, having Soviet and Nazi enemies. On June 30, carriers would pursue it with diligence. won fellowships, grants, awards, and we will celebrate that valiant yet Thank you.e gold medals from academies and muse­ short-lived renewal of independence. ums all over the United States and In the past 40 years, the Ukranian Germany. Mr. White's life was dedi­ people have withstood a barrage of SALUTE TO SAM FREEMAN OF cated to capturing on canvas the digni­ Soviet religious persecution, KGB CINCINNATI, OHIO, UPON HIS ty and heroism of blacks. Many have terror, and intensified russification of BEING NAMED NATIONAL BIG called him the Diego Rivera of Black Ukranian economy, industry, and edu­ BROTHER . OF THE YEAR BY people. During his lifetime he was cation. Indeed, a special spirit of free­ THE BIG BROTHERS/BIG SIS­ cited many times, including a White dom lives on in the hearts and minds TERS OF AMERICA House citation from President Carter. of all Ukranians. Mr. Speaker, Mr. White's paintings As a member of the Ad Hoc Congres­ have been exhibited at countless sional Committee on the Baltic States HON. THOMAS A. LUKEN American museums, including the and Ukraine, I believe it is vital to OF OHIO Metropolitan and Smithsonian, as well focus public attention on the quest for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as at the Hermitage Gallery in Lenin­ liberty for these gallant people. That grad, and in museums in Paris, is why I have cosponsored a resolution Thursday, June 25, 1981 Moscow, Leipzig, Czechoslovakia, and introduced by Congressman William • Mr. LUKEN. Mr. Speaker, on June Switzerland. Much of White's work Green, to designate June 30, 1981 as 18, 1981, Sam Freeman of my congres­ was devoted to sketching children and Ukranian Independence Day. Passage sional district was recognized for his he always found time to accept teach­ of this resolution will demonstrate outstanding service to our community ing assignments, which provided many America's support for the aspirations by being named National Big Brother of today's artists with the inspiration for freedom of peoples and nations of the Year by the Big Brothers/Big we all must have to succeed. It seems throughout the world. Sisters of America. only fitting that Otis-Parsons Art In­ I commend to the attention of my stitute, Los Angeles City College, and colleagues the resolution for Ukranian Sam Freeman has been a member of Southside Art Center in Chicago have Independence Day·• the Big Brother movement for the set up scholarships in his name, and past 12 years and has worked with five this year's National Conference of Art­ consecutive Little Brothers. He has ists was dedicated to him. A documen­ TRIBUTE TO CLAUDE 0. ALLEN been a patient friend and adviser to tary film has been made of his life, these boys, sharing their triumphs and and a biography is now in print. HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS helping them through their difficult Mr. White lived a quiet life in Alta­ OF CALIFORNIA times. His expectations for each boy dena, Calif., with his devoted wife, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were high, but within reach of their Frances, where a new Charles White Thursday, June 25, 1981 individual potentialities. Community Park was christened in his He is also an active member of the honor recently with special dedication e Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I Agency's Board of Trustees as chair­ ceremonies. Many artists, community would like to bring to the attention of leaders, and dignitaries paid tribute to my colleagues the fine work and com­ man of the Investment Committee and munity dedication of Mr. Claude 0. a hard-working fundraiser. this remarkable man. I know that my colleagues here in Allen. This contribution to the bay Sam Freeman is a special man. He area community will be honored at a lives by the high standards he has set Congress will want to join with me in honoring this distinguished citizen testimonial on the 28th of June, 1981. for himself. He leads a full productive whose contributions have truly en­ Mr. Allen was born on July 29, 1916, life and has blended his energies admi­ riched our lives.e in Lumberton, Miss. He attended rably between his family, his Little grade school in Brookhaven, Miss., Brothers, his profession, and the com­ and Cleveland, Ohio, returning to munity. Through his work with Big UKRANIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY Brookhaven to attend high school. He Brothers, Sam Freeman becomes a commenced his college education at living example of the words, "it is in HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER Jackson College, Jackson, Miss., grad­ giving that we receive." OF NEW YORK uating form Alcorn A. & M., Alcorn, Mr. Speaker, it is my pleasure to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Miss., in 1936. After several years, he attended the Lincoln University Law share this man's accomplishments Thursday, June 25, 1981 with my colleagues and to seek nation­ School, graduating in 1953. In 1954 he al recognition for this unselfish man.e e Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, June was admitted to the State bar of Cali­ 30, 1981, marks the 40th anniversary fornia. of the renewal of Ukranian independ­ Mr. Allen has been central to the ence. This date symbolizes the conti­ foundation of several key organiza­ nuity of the struggle of the Ukranian tions in the Oakland community. As a people for freedom. lawyer, he helped organize the Trans- June 25, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14339 Bay Engineers & Builders and the Mi­ the organizations listed below, all of whom no institutional support.) This is in direct nority Contractors Association. He was have been deeply concerned and heavily en­ contrast to the action of the Congress just gaged with the health and medical pro­ two, weeks ago in rejecting most of the re­ one of the charter members of the grams of this nation, have carefully studied scissions for fiscal year 1981 appropriations Charles Houston Law Club, now the the two contending proposals in this area. for NIH. That action endorsed full support Charles Houston Bar Association. As a One was drafted by Representative for a high number of stipends as well as in­ citizen, he has served in such organiza­ Waxman and is included in the "Dingell stitutional support and indirect costs. tions as the Men of Tomorrow, the package;" the other will probably closely re­ All things considered, in the area of NAACP, California Democratic Club, flect the views of the Administration. health, the Dingell/Waxman proposal is far Oakland Voters League, Alameda The spending ceilings in the First Concur­ more in the public interest than its competi­ County Bar Association, and the Cali­ rent Budget Resolution have been dictated tor. For this reason, all of the undersigned fornia State Bar Association. He by the tenor of the times. It is noteworthy organizations and their constituents endorse that both the Dingell/Waxman and the the "Dingell package" and are communicat­ served two terms on the Alameda competing proposal fall within those ing that position to your colleagues in the County Democratic Central Commit­ Gramm-Latta targets. But here the similari­ House. tee. As a church man, he has been a ty in the two proposals ends. The Dingell/ Soon after passage of this legislation, the member of the Church of All Faiths Waxman provisions are thoughtfully consid­ Senate-House Conference will be held to and has served as its legal adviser ered accommodations to an unhappy cir­ reconcile differences. The research training during its organization. cumstance, structured in such a way that program will be at issue there also and, ad­ Mr. Allen is recognized as a -skilled unavoidable short-term sacrifices will not ditionally, the Senate version likely will con­ practitioner, who has given consider­ compromise long-range program objectives. tain a provision profoundly damaging to the The substitute proposal appears, whether so National Institutes of Health and the Na­ ably to the community. During the intended or not, to be severely harmful to tional Institute of Mental Health. Again, on course of his law work, he has formed critically important health programs that the crucially important issues related to bio­ association with many capable trial have been built slowly, with the painstaking medical and behavioral research and re­ lawyers, some of whom are now legis­ care and careful nurture, over the last three search training, the undersigned organiza­ lators, judges, or other public officials. decades. tions hope that you will succeed in retaining He is a person who has helped spawn The major element that unites this group the Dingell/Waxman authorization level creativity and participation in the of organizations is their deep and lasting and in eliminating the arbitrary, uprece­ black community. concern about funding for biomedical and dented and unnecessary funding "cap" that behavioral research training, because of its the Senate Committee on Labor and Human With those who will be assembled on importance to the future vigor of the na­ Resources proposes be placed on the entire the 28th, I join in paying tribute to a tion's research endeavor. The primary re­ National Institutes of Health and the Na­ great man who has given much to the sponsibility of the federal government for tional Institute of Mental Health operation community.e sponsorship of the nation's biomedical re­ and the research and research training pro­ search enterprise is both well established grams in mental health. This latter provi­ and unquestioned. An essential derivative of sion would terminate a tradition of unusual HEALTH RESEARCH GROUPS that responsibility involves the assurance of but strikingly effective Congressional treat­ SUPPORT BUDGET COMMIT- an adequate research manpower pool, as ment of agencies of the federal government, TEE BILL measured in terms of quantity, quality and the National Institutes of Health and the diversity. This is not to say that the federal National Institute of Mental Health, that government necessarily should bear the have, as result, emerged as the most impor­ HON. JOHN D. DINGELL total costs of training all of the nation's bio­ tant force in medical science that the world OF MICHIGAN medical scientists; indeed, significant num­ has ever seen. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bers of trainees receive their stipends from In your many years on the Committee Thursday, June 25, 1981 other than federal sources. But, as with the which has overseen the work of these agen­ research program itself, the federal govern­ cies. You have been a major advocate of e Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, today, ment is the only potential sponsor able to their objectives and programs, and you I received a letter regarding research assure the otherwise unmet needs. Arising know, as well as we, that support for all of and research training programs at the from that federal research manpower re­ that time has been full and bipartisan in National Institutes of Health, signed sponsibility has been recognition of the im­ the Congress. We believe that such a provi­ by a very impressive array of biomedi­ portance of establishing and subsequently sion would profoundly and adversely affect cal research organizations. The letter maintaining a high quality in the scientific these agencies, and we plead with you that environment in which research training you do your best to prevent it from being comments upon the various provisions takes place. Thus, the NIH, for almost forty enacted. of the Budget Reconciliation Act of years, and the NIMH have purposefully pro­ We deeply appreciate your leadership and 1981, as they relate to the biomedical vided funds over and above those necessary that of Congressman Waxman in these vital research field. The letter supports the to support individual trainees so as to assure matters. Budget Committee bill, which incorpo­ a proper institutional training capability. ORGANIZATIONS ENDORSING THE LETTER rates the reconciliation recommenda­ Furthermore, those agencies intended that all trainees in these locales should benefit Endocrine Society. tion of the Committee on Energy and American Surgical Association. Commerce and I would like to bring its from this augmented funding, regardless of the source of their stipends. American Academy of Neurology. cogent and compelling arguments and Dingell/Waxman recognized fiscal strin­ American Academy of Ophthalmology. the names of signers to the attention gency by substantially reducing the authori­ American Academy of Orthopedic Sur- of my colleagues. zation ceilings for these research training geons. The letter comments on two provi­ programs. At the same time, it preserves the American Association of Chairmen of De- sions of legislation now under consid­ basic character of the programs, including partments of Psychiatry. eration by the Congress. The first is retention of support components that have American Celiac Society. research training, and the second is been responsible for the creation and main­ American College of Gastroenterology. tenance of high quality training environ­ American College of Physicians. the proposed authorization and appro­ ments in virtually all of the disciplines of bi­ American Council on Education. priation restriction on the National In­ ology and medicine. In contrast, the substi­ American Association for Thoracic Sur­ stitutes of Health proposed in the tute proposal couples an excessive reduction gery. Senate legislation. in funding with a deletion of the authority American Association for Dental Re­ JUNE 24, 1981. for institutional elements of these programs search. Hon. JOHN D. DINGELL, that, in part, have made them so productive. American Gastroenterlogical Association. Chairman, Energy and Commerce Commit­