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Pesticides and Birth Defects 2016-08-09 ภาษาไทย ที่ Thai-PAN

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Pesticides and Birth Defects 2016-08-09 ภาษาไทย ที่ Thai-PAN Pesticides and Birth Defects Pattapong Kessomboon, MD, PhD Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University 1 Outlines • The Burden & Causes • Lessons from the past • Lessons today 2 The Burden 3 Spida Bifina Syndactyly Hallerman-Streiff syndrome Hypospadias 4 Birth defects • Achondroplasia • Ceft lip and cleft palate • Congenital heart disease • Congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) • Esophageal and intestinal atresia • Hallerman-Streiff syndrome • Hip dysplasia • Hirschprung's disease (congenital megacolon) • Hydrocephalus • Hypospadias • Imperforate anus • Neural tube defects • Poland syndrome • Pyloric stenosis • Spina Bifida • Syndactyly (fused digits) • Tracheoesophageal fistula • Undescended testicle http://www.publichealth.va.gov/exposures/agentorange/bir • Williams syndrome th-defects/children-women-vietnam- vets.asp#sthash.CgW33nW5.dpuf 5 ไทย 52 – 61 ต่อการเกิด 1,000 ราย Bob Weinhold. Env Health Persp. 2009; 117 (10):A446 6 Burden • Worldwide, at least 7.9 million people are born each year with a birth defect. • Of the children affected by birth defects, at least 3.3 million die each year before age 5. • about 3.2 million of surviving children could be mentally or physically disabled for life. [Global Report on Birth Defects: The Hidden Toll of Dying and Disabled Children, 2009] 7 The Causes Currently the causes of only about 30% of birth defects are even somewhat well understood. [Global Report on Birth Defects: The Hidden Toll of Dying and Disabled Children, 2009] 8 Bob Weinhold. Env Health Persp. 2009; 117 (10):A446 9 Bob Weinhold. Env Health Persp. 2009; 117 (10):A446 10 Bob Weinhold. Env Health Persp. 2009; 117 (10):A446 11 Lessons from the past 12 Bhopal Tragedy Cr: Bhopal.net, Bhopal.org 13 Bhopal 30 years on: Hundreds of new victims are born each year https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/apr/30/india.pollution 14 Orange Agent in Vietnam War http://bit.ly/2aFDesq 15 http://bit.ly/2aFRfb0 http://bit.ly/2b6HSDM 16 http://www.doodoo.ru/printpage-2597.html http://bit.ly/2b766e3 17 (Charles W. Schmidt, 2013) 18 (Charles W. Schmidt, 2013) 19 Effects on Veterans’ Health Veterans and Agent Orange: Health Effects of Herbicides Used in Vietnam (since 1994 to 2012) 20 the Department of Veterans Affairs acknowledged last week that Agent Orange is responsible for Veterans’ health ailments. It had previously denied such allegations. http://csglobe.com/us-government-finally-admits-agent- orange-poisoned-troops/ 21 Birth defects eligible for VA benefits • Achondroplasia • Ceft lip and cleft palate • Congenital heart disease • Congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) • Esophageal and intestinal atresia • Hallerman-Streiff syndrome • Hip dysplasia • Hirschprung's disease (congenital megacolon) • Hydrocephalus • Hypospadias • Imperforate anus • Neural tube defects • Poland syndrome • Pyloric stenosis • Spina Bifida • Syndactyly (fused digits) • Tracheoesophageal fistula • Undescended testicle http://www.publichealth.va.gov/exposures/agentorange/bir • Williams syndrome th-defects/children-women-vietnam- vets.asp#sthash.CgW33nW5.dpuf 22 Spida Bifina Syndactyly Hallerman-Streiff syndrome Hypospadias 23 Lessons today 24 10 Americans Environmental Working Group http://www.ewg.org/ 25 Umbilical cord blood test 26 287 chemicals 27 28 Microcephaly & Zika Virus ? 29 WHO 1. Infection during pregnancy eg. toxoplasmosis, rubella, herpes, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, HIV 2. Exposed to toxic substance eg. Heavy metal, Mercury, Arsenic, Alcohol, Radiation, Cigarete etc. 3. Genetic abnormality eg . Down syndrome 4. Severe malnutrition during pregnancy www.who.int http://bit.ly/1Ufxszj 30 ‘‘‘Glyphosate, Brain Damaged Babies, and Yakima Valley - A River Runs Through It ””” [http://farmwars.info/?p=11137] (Huber, 2014) “““Glyphosate, Three Rivers, and Anencephaly ””” Yakima Harold Republic 31 What’s next ? 32 New threats ? • Decline birth rate 33 Infertility 7.3 million couples up 20 % in 10 years http://www.ewg.org/ 34 Male Semen (sperm count) down 1 % per yr http://www.ewg.org/ 35 New threats ? • Decline birth rate • Those who were born become ASD (Autism) 36 Autism 1 in 68 up 3,000 % during 1975 - 2012 http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html 37 Expected to be 1 in 2 by 2025 (Seneff, 2014) 38 http://althealthworks.com/2494/mit-researchers-new-warning-at-todays-rate-1-in-2-children- will-be-autistic-by-2025/ 39 Reasons: Unclear Percent More diagnosis Unknown 25 % 46 % more diagnosis Greater awareness ? Parental age Spatial Clustering Unknown Greater Awareness 15 % 40 The Suspect: Glyphosate et al. ! 41 Dr. Don M. Huber, Professor Emeritus, Purdue University 42 2 major actions of Glyphosate 1. Chelation Lack of essential micronutrients 2. Broad spectrum antibiotic Kill microflora in the gut (Huber, 2013) 43 44 Some of the 291 Enzymes Glyphosate Down Regulates (Huber, 2014) Enzyme Fold change Taurine ATP-bindingsystem 11.07 Glutamate synthase 6.06 Aminomethyl transferase 5.58 Tyrosine aminotransferase 4.36 Thioredoxin reductase 4.20 NADH dehydroenase 4.04 Riboflavin synthase 3.57 3-phosphoadenosine-5-phosphosulfte reductase 3.75 Membrane bound ATP synthase 3.67 Acetolactate synthase 3.59 Pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase 3.50 Shikimate kinase 3.36 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphatase 3.38 Sulfite reductase 3.19 RNAase 3.18 Glutathione S-transferase 3.04 D-amino acid dehydrogenase 3.00 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2.67 ATP sulfurulase 2.65 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthetase (EPSPS) 2.62 46 47 48 (Seneff , 2014 ) 49 Pathway • Glyphosate detroys Gut’s normal flora • Induces Clotidium dificile Bacteria • C. dificile produces p-cresol • p-cresol promotes Aluminum uptake • Glyphosate cages Aluminum to promote entry • Aluminum promotes calcium loss from bones • Pineal gland calcification … (Seneff, 2014) 50 http://althealthworks.com/2494/mit-researchers-new-warning-at-todays-rate-1-in-2-children- will-be-autistic-by-2025/ 51 ผลการสํารวจ IQ เด็กไทย 2559 • IQ > 100 12 จังหวัด (ร้อยละ 16) • IQ = 100 30 จังหวัด (ร้อยละ 39 ) • IQ < 100 35 จังหวัด (ร้อยละ 45) (สสส , 2559 ) 52 Dr. Don M. Huber, Professor Emeritus, Purdue University 53 “…Future historians may well look back and write about our time, not about how many pounds of pesticide we did or did not apply; but about how willing we are to sacrifice our children and jeopardize future generations…” (Huber, 2014) 54 การศึกษาของแคนาดา • ถ้าเด็กไอคิว ลดลง 5 คะแนน จะมีผลทําให้ สังคมสูญเสียทางเศรษฐกิจเป็นมูลค่าสูงถึงปีละ 30,000 ล้านเหรียญแคนาดา (http://bit.ly/2ezECQd) 55 ข่าวดี ! 56 The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409518 ติดตามหญิงตั้งครรภ 35,107 ราย สรุปผล : หญิงตั้งครรภที่บริโภคอาหารออรแกนิก ลูกเกิดมาพิการ ดวย ภาวะรูทอปสสาวะเปดต่ํา (hypospadias) นอยกวา = 2.3 เทา (OR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.70) 57 Go Organic ! 58 Q & A 59.
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