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Needs Assessment for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

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Needs Assessment for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR WATER, SANITATION AND Kunduz Province, HYGIENE Afghanistan December -2019 NCA Assessment Team Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Assessment Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Approach ........................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Sampling ............................................................................................................................................ 4 1.6 Target population .............................................................................................................................. 5 1.7 Selection of Target locations ............................................................................................................. 5 1.8 Respondents ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1.9 Duration of the survey ....................................................................................................................... 5 1.10 Data collection methods and analysis ............................................................................................. 5 1.11 Questionaire development ............................................................................................................... 5 1.12 Data collection techniques ............................................................................................................... 6 2. Water ................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Accessibility and Sources of Water ................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Water Collecting Containers ............................................................................................................. 7 2.3 Sources to filter drinking water ......................................................................................................... 7 2.4 Water quantity used per household in a day ...................................................................................... 8 3. SAINITATION ................................................................................................................................... 8 4. Disease morbidity / mortality and management ................................................................................ 10 5. Hand washing practices ..................................................................................................................... 11 6. Hygiene messages and sources .......................................................................................................... 13 7. Safety and security ............................................................................................................................ 14 8. Nutrition ............................................................................................................................................ 16 9. Shelter ................................................................................................................................................ 17 10. Assistance received ......................................................................................................................... 17 11. Summary and findings ..................................................................................................................... 18 12. Recommendations ........................................................................................................................... 19 1 1. Introduction 1.1 Background The WASH assessment for Imam Sahib, Qalay-I-Zal districts and the City of Kunduz in Kunduz province was carried out by the NCA team. The assessment sought to investigate the humanitarian needs of IDPs and Underserved Host communities in these areas. The assessment survey was conducted in different villages of the province that includes: Ibrahim kheil, Ismail qishlaq , Aqa baie, ortabz , Paeen bala hesar, Baghe zarat, third zone, Toot mazar, Charmgeri third zone , Char taq, Chal dukhtaran, Dehqan qishlaq, Zeer dawra, Sar dawra, kala pazee, Qandak inayat, Kocha adullah, kocha arabha, kocha –e- Mahmal , Miskeen abad, Numra-e- sayaf, Maidan bozkashi, Hawa shanas, Turkmanha and Nawabad. These villages have mixed population i.e. IDPs, refugees and local people. The average family size is quite big (more than 10 people per HH) and are multi-ethnic. Kunduz city serves as the provincial capital of Kunduz Province. The city has a population of about 161,902 making it about the 6th largest city in Afghanistan, and the largest city in the northeastern part of the country. Kunduz is located near the confluence of Kunduz and Khanabad Rivers. Kunduz is linked by highways with Kabul to the south, Mazar-i-Sharif to the west, and Badakhshan to the east. The land use of the city (within the municipal boundary) is largely agricultural (65.8% of total area). Residential land comprises nearly half of the 'built-up' land area (48.3%) with 29,877 dwellings. Institutional land comprises 17.9% of built-up land use, given that the airport is located within the municipal boundary. Imam Sahib District is situated in the northern part of Kunduz Province, Afghanistan. It borders with Qalay-I-Zal District to the west, Tajikistan to the north (along the Panj river), with Archi District to the east and Kunduz District to the south. The population is 204,300 (2006) - 25% Pashtun, 25% Tajik, 45% Uzbek and 5% Turkmen. The district centre is the town of Imam Sahib, located in the northern part of the district. The other main town in the district is Sherkhan Bandar, which serves as Afghanistan's main port of entry to Tajikistan. The district is one of the richest in Afghanistan. The land is very fertile and well irrigated and has not suffered drought. The medical and educational facilities are better than in other districts. 2 Qalay-I-Zal District is situated in the western part of Kunduz Province, northern Afghanistan. It borders Balkh Province to the west and Tajikistan to the north along the Panj, Vakhsh and Amu Darya rivers. To the east, it borders Imam Sahib District and to the south Kunduz and Chahar dara districts. Qalay-I-Zal River flows through the district and divides it in two parts. The population is 60,600 (2006) - 90% Turkmen and 10% Pashtun. The district is almost a desert and only the irrigated land is arable. Agriculture and carpet weaving are the main sources of income. Figure 1: Map showing the three districts that were assessed 1.2 Assessment Objectives The overall objectives of the assessment was to investigate the humanitarian needs of the conflict affected IDPs, Refugees, Returnees and Host Communities in three districts of Kunduz province. The main needs that were identified included WASH, nutrition, health and other cross cutting issues e.g. protection, SGBV. 3 The objectives of the WASH assessment were: To identify the basic problems of the affected people and find relevant solutions; To assess the emergency WASH needs of vulnerable population i.e. IDPs, Returnees and Refugees in the 3 districts of Kunduz province; To explore ways of assisting the affected people; To establish the number of the most vulnerable segments of affected population according to gender, age and vulnerability and understand the challenges they are facing; 1.3 Approach The WASH assessment was conducted to establish the basic needs of the affected population of Kunduz in the targeted districts and to find remedies of the same. 1.4 Methodology Different techniques were used to collect and evaluate the data. Data was collected from multiple sources in the villages of the three mentioned districts of Kunduz province; Primary data was collected through questionnaires, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) from households, including structured and unstructured interviews with the people in the three districts. Participatory techniques such as Household survey, Focus Group Discussions and Key informant survey questionnaires were used to get data from families, male, female, teachers, students, households and community members; Direct observations, interviews with local authorities using questionnaires. 1.5 Sampling Target Area: Qalay-I-Zal, Imam sahib, Kunduz city Total number of villages: 26 Villages Per District: Qalay-I-Zal = 2, Imam sahib = 7, Kunduz city = 17 Total number of Households: 193 Methodology: Random Sampling 4 1.6 Target population Table 1: Map showing the three districts that were assessed Districts Host IDPs Refugees Returnees Sample size Community Qalay-I-Zal 125 44 18 6 193 Imam sahib 65% 23% 9% 3% 100% Kunduz city 1.7 Selection of Target locations The assessment area was selected based on information gleaned from the HRP. Team focused was on 3 districts where IDPs families are living with host communities and in rented
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