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Siota of Lake Mead Lake Lake Mead Report Series NEVADA - ARIZONA UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT of the INTERIOR - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 92085355 9 2 0 8 5 3 5 5 \

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Siota of Lake Mead Lake Lake Mead Report Series NEVADA - ARIZONA UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT of the INTERIOR - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 92085355 9 2 0 8 5 3 5 5 \ 92085355 9 2 0 8 5 3 5 5 Siota of Lake Mead lational Recreation Area NEVADA - ARIZONA BIRDS OF THE LAKE MEAD NATIONAL RECREATION AREA LAME Technical Report No. 1 November 1978 Lake Mead Report Series UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE \ BIOTA OF THE LAKE MEAD NATIONAL RECREATION AREA Nevada/ Arizona The first major survey of the biological resources of the Lake Mead National Recreation Area was initiated in 1974 as a joint endeavor between the National Park Service and the University of Nevada/Las Vegas under the auspices of the Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Nevada/Las Vegas. This research program consists of a series of interdisciplinary investiga­ tions that deal with the plants and animal life of the Lake Mead National Recreation Area and closely adjoining lands. Final reports that result from these studies will be reproduced in a LAKE MEAD PROJECT TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES that will be supplemented by technical papers published as Project Contributions in scientific journals. Cover Drawing by Pat Hansen COOPERATIVE NATIONAL PARK RESOURCES STUDIES UNIT UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS Department of Biological Sciences Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 BIRDS OF THE LAKE MEAD NATIONAL RECREATION AREA LAME Technical Report No. 1 November 1978 by John G. Blake Charles L. Douglas, Unit Leader Senior Research Scientist no-I nv* QH-3C5.1.KI4- NATIONAL PARK SERVICE/UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS Contract Nos. CX 8000-4-0031/CX 8000-6-0034 Contribution Number CPSJ/UNLV 008/09 ï z o t s & r Bateau of ßedamatioa Denver, CO BIRDS OF THE LAKE MEAD NATIONAL RECREATION AREA NEVADA/ARIZONA b y 1 John G. Blake LAME Technical Report No. 1 November 1978 o Wesley E. Niles „ Charles L. Douglas'* 3 Project Directors ■*Dept. of Ecology, Ethology and Evolution, University of Illinois, Champaign ^Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 3 Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit/University of Nevada, Las Vegas % fountains OVERTOM- [ ’S i**'lO'" Billy Cool* P . o k # bitter r id g e Bottlfni Mete »> MUD HILLS -I # ! NEVADA i? CLARK Z COUNTY :’n— - o. NEVADA CLARK ( "\) J I Cothtdrol l y r> CA I \ t»“ 0 Ç-. Í * T-/1 ARIZONA ---------- -------------(--------V Cold V p*okok ^ *> 1: l-r- But* ÖSunnto r. Bowl Of MOHAVE \COUNTY i Min J\ f ir * ^URTAInK j^ , _ r ^ < C o tilo Homblln j " * Pooh N) Min. I ' “ -C\londtng J Whilraoro Bonolil® Point ■ • Poek !___4L. ___la.ôViï'ïï.J LAKE * MEAD a m i <1 I_ _ _!xj Oollonbough‘ “ K> LAKE MEAD.> M r CotJ »*b \ ,,ÌW” \ a Crs» V A t Pomi .-V 1 0 r L ^ / Canyon Point i r j i » \y ) \ ^ ( i _________ I 3 6 ° O O1 r - f / ’ y ¡ O “ 0“"* I Wilton ¿ o ™ . \ . J ^ •-J is ] • f M J •— H - --------- ~ ^^Young Tgÿ'Poml1L Amei f\ J Co Ido n _ . _ i Ruto Pooh \ .X 11 J? ARIZONA \ / : MOHAVE \ COUNTY ./Thumb 'V /"t—. / V- C . < L ____P - ‘ EXPLANATION Lake Mead National Recreation Area Boundary a . Corral ¡ACoppor * Mtn Landing Strip I 4 c^N» Springs ! Block ! O^t^-SSi- Primary Roads ----------j-------------- Boundary of Grand Canyon Nationol Park I J {^Fourth (Park wos expanded in 1975 to incorporate Of July 0 WI Cottonwood "] » Coyt V o li oy j BuU area north of Colorado River that formerly wos in the LMNRA) y LOWER COLORADO REGION LAKE MEAD NATIONAL RECREATION AREA K A R IZ O N A -N EVADA #< \ -------- ! r i-- . Doylt OomJj \ i 1 0 1 2 3 4 8 6 v / te a l* of m iitt "io o ■|f> JUNE 1975 " í / * to __________________________________________________\L______________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of the Lake Mead National Recreation Area......................... i Introduction .......................................................... 1 Previous Work.......................................................... 1 Species Composition................................. '. .............. 2 Desert scrub...................................................... 3 R i p a r i a n .......................................................... 4 W o o d l a n d .................................................... 4 Aquatic............................................ 5 Distribution of families........................................ 5 D i s c u s s i o n ............................................. 6 Nonpasserines vs. passerines. ............................ 6 Terrestrial habitats............................................ 7 S|pecies Accounts ................................... • ............... 8 Residential status .................... 8 Abundance classification........................................ 8 Distribution records............................................ 9 Acknowledgements .....'............................................ 10 Table 1. Seasonal distribution, by habitat, of birds found within the Lake Mead National Recreation Area ............... 11 Table 2. Seasonal distribution of avifauna by habitat .............. 31 Table 3. Distribution of non-passerine families occurring on the Lake Mead National Recreation Area ................... 32 Table 4. Distribution of passerine families occurring on the Lake Mead National Recreation Area, according to seasonal status and habitat..................................34 Table 5. Distribution of families by habitat ......................... 35 • Table 6. Seasonal distribution of permanent, sunnier, permanent and sunnier combined, and winter residents of terrestrial habitats within the Lake Mead National Recreation Area . 35 Families Gaviidae. : .................................................... 36 Podicipedidae .................................................... 37 Hydrobat idae ...................................................... 40 Pelecanidae................................................’. 40 Sulidae.................................................... .. 42 ii Families (continued) Phalacrocoracidae 42 Fregatidae . 43 Ardeidae . 44 Ciconiidae . 49 Threskiornithidae 49 An at id ae . 50 Cathartidae. 65 Accipitridae . 66 Pandionidae. 72 Falconidae . 73 Phasianidae. 75 Meleagrididae. .. 77 Gruidae. 77 Rallidae . 78 Charadriidae . 79 Scolopacidae . 82 Recurvirostridae .91 Phalaropodidae . 93 Stercorariidae . 94 Laridae. .... 94 A l c i d a e ........ 101 Coluiribidae . 102 Cuculidae. 104 Tytonidae. 105 Strigidae. 106 Caprimulgidae. 109 Ap od id ae . 111 Trochilidae. 112 Alcedinidae. 114 P i c i d a e ........ 115 Tyrannidae . 119 Alaudidae. 127 Hirundinidae . 128 Corvidae .... 131 iii Families (continued) Paridae........................................................... 135 Sittidae.........................................................137 C e r t h i i d a e ................ 138 Cinclidae.........................................................138 Troglodytidae.....................................................139 Mimidae...........................................................143 Turdidae.........................................................147 Sylviidae.........................................................150 Motacillidae .................................................. 153 Bombycillidae........................................... 153 Ptilogonoatidae.................................................. 154 Laniidae.........................................................155 Sturnidae.........................................................157 Vireonidae.......................................................157 Parulidae.........................................................160 Ploceidae.........................................................172 Icteridae.........................................................173 Thraupidae.......................................................179 Fringillidae .................................................. 180 Literature Cited.......................................................200 Index................................................................. 208 i u n m j c r i o N The Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LMNRA) contains within its boundaries a wide range of habitats, including: lake and riverine areas, marshes, riparian zones, desert scrub and woodland. Such a diversity of habitats, spread over 2500 square miles, supports a large and diverse assemblage of bird species. The number and taxonomic type of birds present varies considerably both between habitats and between seasons. The recreation area provides suitable year-round conditions for some species, while others utilize the area only during the summer or winter. A large number of species and individuals are present on the LMNRA during the spring and/or fall migrations; particularly influential in this respect are the expanded riparian and aquatic areas that resulted from development of the area for production of hydroelectric power and for recreation. Continued visitor use, combined with additional development, may be expected to further influence the bird fauna. Although much of the LMNRA is fairly well known biologically, there still remain areas that are not well studied. In order to document the occurrence and distribution of the flora and fauna of the LMNRA, the U.S. National Park Service, in cooperation with the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, instituted a Resources Basic Inventory. The present report is part of that larger study and includes information on the bird fauna of the recreation area. For each species known to occur, or known to have occurred sometime in the past, on the LMNRA, all known reports (eg. specimens, literature citations, observations) are included, together with the localities in which the bird was reported. Additionally, there is a
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