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Aquatic Ecosystem Monitoring Plan

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Aquatic Ecosystem Monitoring Plan Appendix C: Aquatic ecosystem monitoring plan To be read with the aquatic ecosystem delineation and rehabilitation report Compiled by: Mr Bertus Fourie (M.Sc Aquatic Health; Cert. Sci. Nat. Cons.) Appendix C Wetland Monitoring plan 1 of 12 pages TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................... 3 2 ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................... 5 3. MONITORING PLAN ......................................................................................... 7 3.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 7 3.2 MONITORING OBJECTIVES ............................................................................... 7 3.3 MONITORING REPORTING ............................................................................... 9 3.3.1 Monitoring and time table ......................................................................... 9 3.3.2 Reporting ............................................................................................... 11 3.3.3 Penalties for non-compliance ................................................................. 11 3.4 MONITORING CONCLUSION ........................................................................... 12 TABLES: TABLE 1: ASPECTS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS OF THE STUDY SITE ....................... 8 TABLE 2: MONITORING TIME TABLE ............................................................................. 10 TABLE 3: PROPOSED REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE WETLAND ECO .............................. 11 TABLE 4: LIST OF PENALTIES AND FINEING STRUCTURE ................................................ 12 Appendix C Wetland Monitoring plan 2 of 12 pages 1 DEFINITIONS Aquatic The Aquatic Environmental Control Officer (AECO) is the person Environmental tasked with implementing and controlling the environmental Control Officer requirements during the detailed design, construction, rehabilitation and operation phases of the project, with specific reference to the wetland. This is done through weekly or monthly audits. It may be different parties during the different phases of the project. Attenuation Pond: Temporary storage for run-off water containing possible contaminants (sediments or pollutants), prior to release back into rivers and other watercourses and capable of timed release. Buffer zone: The area of land next to a body of water, where activities such as construction are restricted in order to protect the water. Detritus: Decaying organic matter found in the top layer of soil or mixed with wetland waters; a food source for many small wetland organisms. Edaphic: Is the general term referring to characteristics of the soil and includes for example drainage, texture and soil chemical properties. Endangered Any species of plant or animal that is having trouble surviving and species: reproducing. This is often caused by loss of habitat, not enough food, or pollution. Endangered species are protected by the government in an effort to keep them from becoming extinct. Ecosystem: A network of plants and animals that live together and depend on each other for survival. Emergent: Soft stemmed plants that grow above the water level. Erosion: Process in which land is worn away by external forces, such as wind, water, or human activity. Freshwater: Water without salt, like ponds and streams. Gabions: In civil engineering a gabion wall is a retaining wall made of rectangular containers (baskets) fabricated of thick galvanized wire, which are filled with stone and stacked on one another, usually in tiers that step back with the slope rather than vertically. Gleyed soil: Mineral wetland soil that is or was always wet; this results in soil colours of grey, greenish grey, or bluish grey. Habitat: The environment in which an organism lives. Hydric soil: Soil that is wet long enough for anoxic (oxygen less) conditions to Appendix C Wetland Monitoring plan 3 of 12 pages develop. The water in the soil forces air out. This soil is found in wetlands. Hydrophyte: A plant, which grows in water. Mesotrophic soil: Soils with a moderate inherent fertility. An indicator of soil fertility is its base status, which is expressed as a ratio relating the major nutrient cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium) found there to the soil's clay percentage. Organic material: Anything that is living or was living; in soil it is usually made up of nuts, leaves, twigs, bark, etc. Organism: A living thing. Peat: Organic material (leaves, bark, nuts) that has decayed partially. It is dark brown with identifiable plant parts, and can be found in peatlands and bogs. Pollution: Waste, often made by humans, that damages the water, the air, and the soil. Precipitation: Rain, sleet, hail, snow. RAMSAR The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance or Ramsar Convention is an international treaty designed to address global concerns regarding wetland loss and degradation. The primary purposes of the treaty are to list wetlands of international importance and to promote their wise use, with the ultimate goal of preserving the world's wetlands especially as Waterfowl Habitat Reno mattresses: Reno mattresses are used for river bank and scour protection, channel linings for erosion control and embankment stability. They are filled with rocks at the project site to form flexible, permeable, monolithic structures to promote rapid growth of natural vegetation. Redoximorphic A soil property, associated with wetness, which results from the conditions: reduction and oxidation of iron and manganese compounds in the soil after saturation with water and desaturation, respectively. Mottling is common redoximorphic feature of soils. Riparian: Riparian habitat includes the physical structure and associated vegetation of the areas associated with a watercourse which are commonly characterized by alluvial soils, and which are inundated or flooded to an extent and with a frequency sufficient to support vegetation of species with a composition and physical structure distinct from those of adjacent land areas. Appendix C Wetland Monitoring plan 4 of 12 pages Runoff: Rainwater that flows over the land and into streams and lakes; it often picks up soil particles along the way and brings them into the streams and lakes. Salinity: The amount of salt in water. Saturation: The condition in which soil contains as much water as it can hold. Silt: One of three main parts of soil (sand, silt, and clay); silt is small rock particles that are between .05 mm and .002 mm in diameter. Siltation: Siltation is the process of pollution of water by fine particulate terrestrial clastic materials, with a particle size dominated by silt or clay. It refers both to the increased concentration of suspended sediments and to the increased accumulation (temporary or permanent) of fine sediments. Siltation is most often caused by soil erosion. Submerged Plants that live entirely under water. aquatic vegetation: Top soil: The top layer of soil; it is full of organic material and good for growing crops. Water table: The highest level of soil that is saturated by water Watershed: All the water from precipitation (rain, snow, etc.) that drains into a particular body of water (stream, pond, river, bay, etc.) Wetland: Land which is transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface or the land is periodically covered with shallow water, and which land in normal circumstances supports or would support vegetation typically adapted to life in saturated soil. 2 ACRONYMS AECO Aquatic Environmental Control Officer ASPT Average Score Per Taxon CERM Comprehensive Ecological Reserve Methodology DSS Decision Support System DWA Department of Water Affairs DWS Department of water and sanitation EC Ecological Category ECO Environmental control officer EIS Ecological Importance and Sensitivity EWR Environmental Water Requirements Appendix C Wetland Monitoring plan 5 of 12 pages FRAI Fish Response Assessment Index FROC Fish reference of occurrence GSM Gravel, Sand, Mud IERM Intermediate Ecological Reserve Methodology IHAS Invertebrate Habitat Assessment System IHI Index of Habitat Integrity MIRAI Macro-Invertebrate Response Assessment Index MVIC Marginal Vegetation in Current MVOOC Marginal Vegetation out of Current NFEPA National Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Areas PES Present Ecological State REC Recommended Ecological Category REMC Recommended Ecological Management Class RERM Rapid Ecological Reserve Methodology RHP River Health Programme SASS5 South African Scoring System (Version 5) SIC Stones in current SOG Soap, oil and grease SOOC Stones out of current TPH Total petroleum hydrocarbons TWQR Target water quality range VEGRAI Vegetation Response Assessment Index Wetland IHI Wetland index of habitat integrity tool WECO Wetland Environmental Control Officer WUL Water use licence (approved license) WULA Water use licence application (license application) Appendix C Wetland Monitoring plan 6 of 12 pages 3. Monitoring plan 3.1 Introduction The main goal of the monitoring of the rehabilitation process is to ensure that the methods and phases of the rehabilitation process are implemented and to detect any causes for concern during the processes. Most importantly the monitoring program is conducted to detect if the proposed rehabilitation methods, as designed, are efficient and operational. Due to the complexity of the rehabilitation
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