Management of Apis Mellifera Scutellata
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Swarming (Bulletin #404) (PDF)
Swarming Apiculture Bulletin #404 Updated: 10/15 Swarming is a natural method of honeybee colonies to reproduce, resulting in the creation of a new honeybee colony in addition to the established colony. Contributing factors to swarming • Crowding - too many bees, food stores and no cell space for the queen to lay eggs in. • Poor air circulation • April-May is swarming season and healthy colonies develop strong swarm impulse. • Inclement weather - crowded bees confined by cold, wet weather will build queen cells and swarm out on the first sunny, warm day. All colonies in similar condition will swarm as soon as weather becomes favorable. • Large amount of drone brood in early spring is a precursor to strong swarm impulse. Catching the swarm A swarm generally emerges from the hive between 11:00AM and 1:00PM and settles close to the apiary for several hours. Allow the swarm to cluster for at least 30 minutes before placing the swarm in a single super with frames, bottom board and hive cover. Leave the hive for the remainder of the day to allow all the bees to enter, before moving to a permanent location. Examine the new colony after a week and then every two weeks from mid May to late June. Look for disease, brood abundance, brood pattern and overall condition of the colony. Add room where necessary, cut queen cells, or divide, to prevent other swarms to develop. Hived swarms have no stored food reserves and may go hungry when there is little forage. When feeding sugar syrup, add antibiotics as a precautionary measure. -
Module 8 Study Notes
Module 8 Study Notes Introduction: These notes have been prepared as part of my studies for Module 8. As always comments are appreciated as with everything in beekeeping there seems to be as many variants to a topic as beekeepers discussing it . The reader is more than welcome to download a copy of the notes. References: The Honeybee Inside Out Celia F. Davis The Honeybee Around and About Celia F. Davis Guide to Bees and Honey Ted Hooper Beekeeping Study Notes (modules 5,6,7&8) J.D & B.D. Yates The Pollen Loads of the Honeybee Dorothy Hodges Honey Farming R.O.B. Manley Google BBKA Appendices to Syllabus Beecraft BBKA News MBBKA Study Group MBBKA Basic Course Notes 1 Module 8 Study Notes 8.1 the assessment and management of the quality of a colony for honey production; ...................... 4 8.2 the management of colonies for the production of oil seed rape (Brassica spp.) and ling heather (Calluna vulgaris) honey, the techniques involved in overcoming problems associated with extracting these honeys; .......................................................................................................................................... 6 8.3 the management of colonies for the production of comb honey (sections and cut-comb) and its preparation and presentation for sale; .............................................................................................. 7 8.4 the properties of honey including specific gravity, refractive index, viscosity, hygroscopicity, electrical conductivity, reactions to heat and ageing; ........................................................................... -
Massachusetts Beekeepers Association's
MASSACHUSETTS BEEKEEPERS ASSOCIATION BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Disclaimer This document is intended solely as guidance. This document does not confer, and is not intended to create legal rights or impose legal duties or obligations. The general descriptions provided here reflect the Massachusetts Beekeepers Association’s current views regarding reasonable considerations for safe and healthy management of honeybees in Massachusetts and may not apply to particular situations based on the circumstances. This document may be revised periodically. Introduction It has often been observed that if you ask ten beekeepers the same question, you will get at least ten different answers. This adage reflects, in part, the great diversity of practice that has grown up around beekeeping. For every beginning beekeeper, there is inevitably another beekeeper, whose enthusiasm to share his or her personal observations and techniques provides the spark for the new beekeeper’s own venture into beekeeping. Diversity of ideas and practices among beekeepers is essential to the continued success of honeybees and beekeeping. Yet, it must also be recognized that beekeepers do not exist separately and apart from the communities in which they live, and as beekeeping becomes more popular, particularly in suburban and urban areas, the potential for misunderstandings with neighbors and local officials also grows. Thus, responsible management of one’s hives within the community in which they are located is also essential. For this reason, the Massachusetts Beekeepers Association has developed these Best Management Practices to provide a framework for determining appropriate, site- specific management practices to promote healthy bees and avoid potential conflicts between beekeepers and others. -
BEEKEEPING: General Information by R
BEEKEEPING: General Information by R. A. Morse and E. J. Dyce A Cornell Cooperative Extension Publication Information Bulletin 90 The New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences is a statutory college of the State University, at Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. 2 BEEKEEPING: This bulletin provides general informa Honey Bee as a Pollinator tion about beekeeping that is not usually General Information included in current publications. Informa The pollination of agricultural crops is by R. A. Morse and E. J. Dyce tion on specific beekeeping problems can the most important contribution of honey be obtained by writing to the Office of bees to our national economy. Although Apiculture, Department of Entomology, the value of honey bees for pollination Contents Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. cannot be estimated , it is many times the 2 Extent of Beekeeping Industry total value of both the honey and bees wax that they produce . Without cross 2 Honey Bee as a Pollinator Extent of Beekeeping Industry pollination many crops would not set seed 3 Who Keeps Bees? or produce fruit. Many insects other than In New York State about 8,500 people the honey bee can carry pollen from one 3 Where Bees Can Be Kept keep at least 125,000 colonies of honey plant to another; but in areas where agri 4 A Skilled Occupation bees. The annual production is about 8 culture has been intensified, such as the million pounds of honey and 120,000 fruit areas in New York State, the number 4 How to Acquire a Knowledge of pounds of beeswax. -
Module 1 Honeybee Management Introduction
Module 1 Honeybee Management Introduction This document is an updated reference used as part of Mid Bucks Beekeepers Association study group preparation for the BBKA Module 1 examination. When studying please do not use this document as the only reference source as the intention is that the contents be used as an aide memoir. As we all know if you ask 6 Beekeepers the same question you will get 6 differing answers all of which will be right so do not blindly trust what written here. The information included in the document has been drawn from a multitude of sources. The sources include: Guide to Bees and Honey Ted Hooper The Honeybee Around and About Celia F Davies BBKA News Beecraft MidBucks Beekeepers Association Study Group Internet britishbee.org.uk dave-cushman.net thorne.co.uk en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beekeeping google The contents of the document follow the syllabus of Module 1 as defined by BBKA. 13/1/2013 Page 1 Module 1 Honeybee Management Contents The Candidate shall be able to give a detailed account of:- Contents .............................................................................................................................. 2 1.1 the types of hives and frames used by beekeepers in the United Kingdom,including comparative knowledge of the following hives, National, WBC, Smith, National Deep, Commercial, Langstroth and Dadant. (exact frame sizes are NOT required); ..................... 4 1.2 the principles which govern the design of hives and frames, including the concept of bee space, and the main features of their construction; ...................................................... 8 1.3 the use of wax foundation; ........................................................................................... 10 1.4 Methods of fitting frames with wired and unwired wax foundation; ............................. -
Swarming Artical.Wps
SWARMING, ITS CAUSES AND STEPS THAT CAN PREVENT IT There have been many books written with chapters about swarming and what causes the bees to swarm. A few of the books that I have reviewed recently and gathered information about swarms and swarming from are: ABC and XYZ of Bee Culture by the A.I Root Co. A Guide to Bees and Honey by Ted Cooper The New Complete Guide to Beekeeping by Roger A. Morse A Year In The Beeyard by Roger A. Morse Beekeeping for Gardeners by Richard Taylor There is an article posted on our web site under the heading "For Our Members" that deals with swarms. It's title is "Are Your Bees Going To Swarm". You may find it helpful. Also, the leading beekeeping magazines often have articles about swarming and one of the most recent I think is very good and well worth reading appears in the April 2015 edition of "The American Bee Journal" authored by Roy Hendrickson. From the sources above and many others, the following notes represent a short summary about swarming, the causes and some preventative measures that can be considered. WHEN BEES ARE PREPARING TO SWARM Prior to swarming the hive will construct multiple queen cells, usually at the bottom of the comb into each the queen will lay an egg. Once the cells are capped the hive is likely to swarm. The queen will lose weight so that she can fly. The hive will often limit or cease foraging The bees will engorge themselves with honey which will sustain them as they build a new home. -
Keeping of Honey Bees Applicants Must
KEEPING OF HONEY BEES LICENSE APPLICATION ORIGINAL APPLICATION LICENSE FEE: $45.00 RENEWAL APPLICATION PRE-INSPECTION FEE: $95.00 Address where bees will be located Name of property owner (please print) Phone Street City State Zip Email address APPLICANT INFORMATION (IF DIFFERENT FROM OWNER) Name of applicant (please print) Phone Street City State Zip Email address If this is a renewal, have there been any changes from the previous year? YES NO APPLICANTS MUST: 1. Attach a detailed diagram of the beekeeping equipment location including the distances to property lines and from nearby structures on neighboring properties according to Chapter 6.14.030(F)(1). If no changes, this is not required for renewal. 2. List on the reverse side the number and location of the hives. 3. Once the 14-day waiting period is complete and no objections have been received by the city, contact the Eau Claire City/County Health Department for inspection at 715-839-4718. APPLICANT’S STATEMENT I hereby certify that this application is complete, true and correct to the best of my knowledge. I agree, in the consideration of the issuing of this license, to comply with the laws of the State of Wisconsin, and to the provisions of the Municipal Code of Ordinances of the City of Eau Claire. ____________________________________________________________________ Date: ______________ Signature of owner _____________________________________________________________________Date: ______________ Signature of applicant if different from owner Required inspector’s signature Inspector -
Small Hive Beetle Management in Mississippi Authors: Audrey B
Small Hive Beetle Management in Mississippi Authors: Audrey B. Sheridan, Research/Extension Associate, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University; Harry Fulton, State Entomologist (retired); Jon Zawislak, Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service. Cover photo by Alex Wild, http://www.alexanderwild.com. Fig. 6 illustration by Jon Zawislak. Fig. 7 photo by Katie Lee. All other photos by Audrey Sheridan. 2 Small Hive Beetle Management in Mississippi CONTENTS Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 Where in the United States Do Small Hive Beetles Occur? .................................. 1 How Do Small Hive Beetles Cause Damage? .......................................................... 1 How Can Small Hive Beetles Be Located and Identifi ed in a Hive? .............................................................................................. 2 Important Biological Aspects of Small Hive Beetles ............................................. 5 Cleaning Up Damaged Combs ................................................................................ 8 Preventing Small Hive Beetle Damage in the Apiary ............................................ 9 Managing Established Small Hive Beetle Populations ....................................... 12 Protecting Honey Combs and Stored Supers During Processing .............................................................................................. -
CSBA's Best Management Practices for Urban, Suburban and Small
Colorado State Beekeepers Association’s Best Management Practices for Urban, Suburban and Small Scale Beekeeping DISCLAIMER This document is, and always will be, a work in progress intended for regular update and revision. It offers guidelines for responsible hobby beekeeping in Colorado. It is not an instructional text. We strongly urge anyone interested in beekeeping to take a course on beekeeping. See the Colorado State Beekeepers Association (CSBA) website: www.coloradobeekeepers.org for class and course listings as well as information and links to regional associations. Furthermore, this document is not intended to provide legal advice. It does not address practices related to selling honey or any other farm product; moving colonies, bees, or beekeeping equipment; or liability /insurance issues. Finally, this document represents the Best Practices advocated by the CSBA, not the State of Colorado or its Department of Health. INTRODUCTION Hobby beekeeping has become increasingly popular in Colorado. Although generally docile, honeybees (Apis mellifera) can and may sting. As part of a hive’s reproductive process, a healthy hive may attempt to divide and swarm. Responsible management is, therefore, necessary to avoid creating problems for neighbors. This document is intended as a reference and standard for small scale urban and suburban honeybee management in Colorado. It may serve as a resource for information to reinforce community confidence in the safety of beekeeping activities; a standard reference for addressing complaints or conflicts about beekeeping activities in Colorado; and a compendium of best management practices that CSBA members are encouraged to follow. CONSULT AND FOLLOW LOCAL REGULATIONS REGARDING BEEKEEPING Beekeeping law varies among communities in Colorado. -
Honey Bee Profile (PDF)
Specialty Crops for Pacific Island Agroforestry (http://agroforestry.net/scps) Farm and Forestry Production and Marketing Profile for Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) By Lorna H. Tsutsumi and Darcy E. Oishi INTRODUCTION products such as desserts, dressings, and mead. Honey can There are several bee species that are cultivated for their also be used as an ingredient in other value-added products products and pollination services but the most widely used such as cosmetics and health supplements. Other harvest- species is the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Honey bees are able products derived from honey bee cultivation include: found on all land masses except for the extreme poles. In pollen, wax, propolis, royal jelly, venom, packaged bees, and Hawai‘i and in the Pacific, there is a great potential for bee- queen bees. Products such as pollen and royal jelly can be keeping at all scales. Rural areas in the Pacific are ideal for consumed in their natural state from the hive but are usu- supporting beekeeping activities because of the abundant ally mixed with other ingredients to produce medicinal or year round floral sources that can provide enough honey for health supplements. Other raw products such as propolis family and/or community needs with the possibility of addi- and wax need to be processed into a more stable or usable tional income from the selling surplus honey. Additionally, form and then used for a variety of value-added products because of geographic isolation, Pacific island beekeepers including cosmetics, candles, and medicinal ointments or face reduced risk for new bee diseases and pests than most tinctures. -
Swarm Prevention Practices
Swarm Prevention Practices Hive body reversals, queen isolation, using double screens and queen excluders... DBA - February 2021 Ray Walker [email protected] Swarm Prevention: Practices & Activities 1. Keep young queens (lower tendency to swarm) 2. Provide room (open cells) for queen to lay eggs • Remove old honey/pollen frames from nest • Add frames of drawn comb 3. Provide sufficient nectar storage space (supers) 4. Position hives for early sunshine & afternoon shade 5. Provide ventilation (entrances, SBB) 6. Reverse hive bodies: when night-time temps >45º F 7. Remove or harvest queen cells every 7-10 days - Do you want to increase # colonies? Reversing Hive Bodies 1. Move top brood body downward to bottom, move bottom brood body upward to top (aka: reversal) 2. Cull 20% older brood comb - no brood comb > 5 years 3. If using 3 mediums for brood chamber, reverse twice: top position to bottom, middle position to bottom two separate steps, ~ 2 weeks apart 4. Provides queen location to lay eggs and move upward Caution: Make certain nightime temperatures above 45ºF to avoid chilled brood Reversing Hive Bodies Swarm Prevention: Emergency Actions 1. Find and isolate the queen 2. Remove some brood: 3-5 frames • Relocate brood frames to weaker colonies • Add frames of drawn comb back into nest 3. Double Screen Method 4. Demaree Method, queen excluders Isolating the Queen in a Nucleus Hive 1. Find queen and remove the frame she’s laying eggs in 2. Place frame in the middle of an empty 5 frame nucleus hive body 3. Select frame with open brood & some capped brood, put next to queen 4. -
Beekeeping Glossary of Terms
Office of Continuing Professional Education www.cpe.rutgers.edu New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station [email protected] Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 102 Ryders Lane 848-932-9271 New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8519 Fax: 732-932-1187 Bee-ginner’s Beekeeping: Glossary of Terms This "Glossary of Terms” is available for your review so that you can familiarize yourself with beekeeping terminology before the start of class. Visit www.cpe.rutgers.edu/bees to learn more about our Beekeeping programs. A • Abdomen - the posterior or third region of the body of a bee enclosing the honey stomach, true stomach, intestine, sting, and reproductive organs. • Absconding swarm - an entire colony of bees that abandons the hive because of disease, wax moth, or other maladies. • Adulterated honey - any product labeled “Honey” or “Pure Honey” that contains ingredients other than honey but does not show these on the label. (Suspected mislabeling should be reported to the Food and Drug Administration.) • After swarm - a small swarm, usually headed by a virgin queen, which may leave the hive after the first or prime swarm has departed. • Alighting board - a small projection or platform at the entrance of the hive. • American foulbrood - a brood disease of honey bees caused by the spore-forming bacterium, Bacillus larvae. • Anaphylactic shock - constriction of the muscles surrounding the bronchial tubes of a human, caused by hypersensitivity to venom and resulting in sudden death unless immediate medical attention is received. • Apiary - colonies, hives, and other equipment assembled in one location for beekeeping operations; bee yard. • Apiculture - the science and art of raising honey bees.