Acta Soc. Zool. Bohem. 79: 267–458, 2015 ISSN 1211-376X Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Part 12. Bat fauna of Afghanistan: revision of distribution and taxonomy* Petr Benda & Jiří Gaisler† Department of Zoology, National Museum (Natural History), Václavské nám. 68, CZ–115 79 Praha 1, Czech Republic; e-mail:
[email protected] Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ–128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic † deceased. Received 20 October 2015; accepted 25 November 2015 Published 21 December 2015 Abstract. A complete list of bat records available from Afghanistan was compiled from literature and from examination of museum specimens. The record review is complemented by distribution maps, summaries of distributional status of the particular species, supplemented by observations on morphology and evaluation of taxonomic status of the Afghanistani populations. From the territory of Afghanistan, at least 224 records of 40 bat species belonging to eight families are known; viz. Rhinopoma microphyllum (Brünnich, 1782) (15 record sites), R. muscatellum Thomas, 1903 (4), R. hardwickii Gray, 1831 (10), Lyroderma lyra (Geoffroy, 1810) (2), Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774) (20), R. bocharicus Kaŝenko et Akimov, 1918 (5), R. hipposideros (Borkhausen, 1797) (7), R. lepidus Blyth, 1844 (6), R. blasii Peters, 1867 (10), Hipposideros fulvus Gray, 1838 (2), Asellia tridens (Geoffroy, 1813) (10), Taphozous nudiventris Cretzschmar, 1830 (3), Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) (14), M. emarginatus (Geoffroy, 1806) (2), M. formosus (Hodgson, 1835) (1), M. davidii (Peters, 1869) (5), M. longipes (Dobson, 1873) (4), Submyotodon caliginosus (Tomes, 1859) (1), Vespertilio murinus Linnaeus, 1758 (1), Eptesicus serotinus (Schreber, 1774) (2), E.