Environmental Monitoring Report
Bi-annual Report (July – December 2013) February 2014
TAJ: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 6 (Ayni–Uzbekistan Border Road) Improvement Project
Prepared by Kocks Consult GmbH for the Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Tajikistan and the Asian Development Bank.
Research, Design and Survey Institute
Bi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report (July – December 2013)
GRANT 0301/LOAN 8259 - TAJ, CORRIDOR NO. 6, REHABILITATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF AYNI – PANJAKENT – UZBEKISTAN BORDER ROAD
Ministry of Transport Republic of Tajikistan
Financed by:
February 2014 Corridor 6: Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Ayni – Panjakent – Uzbekistan Border Road Project Bio-annual Environmental Monitoring Report (July – Dec 2013)
TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 5 PART I: INTRODUCTION ...... 6 1. PRELIMINARY INFORMATION ...... 6 1.1 Project Background and Objective of the Environmental Monitoring ...... 6
1.2 Project Area...... 6
1.3 Technical Description of the Road Project ...... 8
1.4 Environmental Characteristics of the Project Area ...... 9
Part II ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ...... 10 2. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FRAMEWORK ...... 10 2.1. Methodology for Environmental Monitoring in Construction Supervision ..... 10
2.2. CS Consultant (The Engineer) Environmental Monitoring Work Protocol ...... 13
2.3. Contractor’s Environmental Monitoring Procedures and Health and Safety
Management ...... 13
2.4. Required Environmental Reporting ...... 14
3. PERFORMED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ACTIVITIES ...... 15 3.1. Environmental Monitoring Activities of the Contractor ...... 15
3.2. Contractor’s Health and Safety Management and Monitoring ...... 16
3.3. Environmental Audit of the Engineer ...... 17 PART III: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 18 4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ...... 18 4.1. Observed Environmental Impacts ...... 18
4.2. Notices and Letters ...... 21
4.3. Corrective Action Plans...... 22
ANNEXES: ...... 23 Annex 1. Construction Phase Instrumental Monitoring ...... 23 Annex 2. Environmental Monitoring Detailed Plan ...... 25 Annex 3: Photos of Environmental Issues ...... 28 Annex 4: Power Point Presentation on Environmental, Health & Safety Management and Monitoring ...... 36
List of Figures Figure 1: Location of the Project Road ...... 7
Figure 2: Environmental Monitoring Coordination Arrangement Chart ...... 13
List of Tables Table 1: Selected Sampling Points for Environmental Monitoring ...... 8
Table 2: Selected Sampling Points for Environmental Monitoring ...... 14
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Table 3: List of Accidents in Jul. to Dec. 2013 ...... 16
Table 4: Observed Issues and Corrective Actions ...... 19
Table 5: Letters from the Engineer on Environmental and Social Issues ...... 21
Table 6: Letters from Contractor on Environmental and Social Issues ...... 21
List of Photos Photo No. 1 : Dust issues along the Road ...... 28
Photo No. 1 : Absence of Signs ...... 28
Photo No. 3 : Access along the road was restricted due to piled up materials ...... 29
Photo No. 4 : Access along the road was restricted due to excavation ...... 29
Photo No. 5 : Eminent Collapse at cut areas ...... 30
Photo No. 6 : Intrusion of Gravel Materials into the road ...... 30
Photo No. 7 : Spills on the site at the crushing plant ...... 31
Photo No. 8 : Risk of Silt Contamination at the crushing plant ...... 31
Photo No. 9 : Open barrel pose risk of contamination at the Asphalt plant ...... 32
Photo No. 10 : Bitumen Spills at the Asphalt plant ...... 32
Photo No. 11 : Improper Waste Management at the Asphalt plant ...... 33
Photo No. 12 : Contaminated materials Exposed at the Asphalt plant ...... 33
Photo No. 13 : Absence of containment system at the asphalt plant ...... 34
Photo No. 14 : Affected trees along the roadway ...... 34
Photo No. 15 : Spills at the construction site ...... 35
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Project, ADB Grant 0301/Loan 8259-Taj has, as its major component, the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the Ayni–Panjakent-Uzbekistan Border road. The road section from Ayni (km 0) to km 47 is to be reconstructed and rehabilitated to category IV, while the remaining road up to Uzbekistan border to category III. The contracted work is being undertaken via “design and build” arrangement with the Contractor, Xinjiang Beixin Road & Bridge Group Co., Ltd., and being supervised by the Engineer (Kocks Consult GmbH). The scope of works includes detailed design, earthworks, pavement construction, construction of new bridges and rehabilitation of old bridges, drainage, structures, roadside improvements and installation of road furniture such as signs and safety barriers. Existing road category will be maintained and a total of 31 bridges will be rehabilitated and/or reconstructed.
Construction supervision is being undertaken under FIDIC with environmental supervision and monitoring scopes. The Contractor is obligated to obtain regular parameter measurements of water quality, noise/vibration and air quality, the results of which are submitted regularly to the Engineer. Measurements for noise, water, and air were done in June and this serves as the baseline environmental data for the project. Environmental monitoring of the Engineer is done primarily by the International Environmental Specialist with field coordination with a local environmental consultant.
This Second Bi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report covers the period from July 2013 to December 2013 and presenting the environmental issues encountered in the project. The major environmental concerns raised in this period focused on the following: (i) Revision of the CEMP; (ii) Severe Contamination at Asphalt plant; (iii) Oil contamination at the quarry site; (iv) minimization of dust; and (v) Safety concerns along the road and people’s safety.
In addition, one major concern is the non-performance by the Contractor the instrumental monitoring as prescribed in the project contractual documents.
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PART I: INTRODUCTION
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION Project Background and Objective of the Environmental Monitoring
The Project is being financed (under loan agreement) by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the OPEC Fund for International Development (OFID); with the Government of Tajikistan (the Client). The project road starting from Ayni to the Uzbekistan Border via Panjakent, is part of the historical Silk Road connecting the Tajik–Uzbek border with the country‘s main north-south transport artery. With a total length of 113 kilometers, this project road has its starting point at a roundabout on the eastern edge of Ayni, and ends at the border post with Uzbekistan. The Engineer supervising this Project is Kocks-KECC-BCL-Research, Design and Survey Institute Joint Venture, while the Contractor undertaking the construction is Xinjiang Beixin Road and Bridge Group Co. Ltd.
The 113 km project consists of the detailed design, construction and completion of rehabilitation works on the Ayni-Panjakent-Uzbekistan Border Road (“the Works”). The Works comprise the detailed design, earthworks, rehabilitation and reconstruction of existing side drains, replacement or rehabilitation of existing bridges, construction of new culverts and replacement/extension of the existing ones, construction of retaining walls, preparation of the road sub-grade; granular subbase and base course layers using crushed aggregates, placing asphalt concrete binder and wearing courses, slope protection works and provision of road furniture.
In the performance of Works supervision and project management services and assisting the Executing Agency (EA) with project implementation, the scope of the Engineer includes environmental monitoring, particularly for compliance with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the project in line with ADB’s environmental safeguards policies and the environmental regulations of Republic of Tajikistan. Generally, the main objective of environmental monitoring works is to ensure that the environmental mitigation measures during construction are implemented through a systematic supervision by the Engineer during the construction phase. Environmental issues also are anticipated to be identified in advance for avoidance and ensure timely completion of the project.
1.1 Project Area
The Ayni-Panjakent-Uzbekistan Border Road is located in the Zaravshan Valley, a mountainous region in the north western part of Tajikistan. Specifically, the 113 km project road is within the two districts of Ayni and Panjakent, both within Sughd Province. The province has significant gold and mining reserves, such that the road had been used for mining and other economic activities across the province. The project road itself is situated in two distinct topographical areas as follows:
(i) Ayni to Km 50 – This is a mountainous area starting at Ayni with an altitude of 1,420 meters above sea level. At Km 44 the project road descends to an elevation of around 1,100 meters; (ii) Km 50 to Km 113 – In this area, generally, the project road further descends from the mountain slopes with approximate elevation of 1000 meters and into the valley floor up to Panjakent and at the border with Uzbekistan with elevation of about 900 meters above sea level.
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1.2 A map of the project road is shown in the following figure.
Figure 1: Location of the Project Road
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1.3 Technical Description of the Road Project
The Permanent Works include design, rehabilitation and reconstruction of Ayni-Panjakent- Uzbekistan Border Road (‘the Project Road’) and all associated works. From Ayni roundabout to km 47, the Project Road will be rehabilitated to Category IV standard, and the remaining 66 km to Uzbekistan Border as Category III, according to SNIP 2.05.02-85. The bridge works include the construction of new or rehabilitation of old bridges (31 bridges in total). Subsequently, the road category from km 47 to km 55 was changed from category III to category IV in July 2013 to accelerate the works and generate a project cost saving.
Thirty-one (31) bridges will be constructed or reconstructed during the project works to replace the existing structures. The table below provides summary details of the bridges and their locations with some features.
Table 1: Selected Sampling Points for Environmental Monitoring Bridge No. Location (km) Nearest Settlement Watercourse Length (m) 1 7.066 Iskodar Zeravshan River 140.24 2 9.748 Dardar Dardar gully 12.30 Obi Togmad 3 15.328 Obi Togmad gully 28.60 4 24.077 Veshkand Ustoghi gully 34.08 5 26.62 Dashti Veshkand Zeravshan River 72.14 6 28.681 Urmetan Vashan gully 37.20 7 32.539 Urmetan Vashan gully 13.10 8 38.331 Revad Revad gully 20.45 9 46.485 Kishtudak Zeravshan River 140.24 10 51.148 Dashti Kozi Sarchashmasoi 13.10 11 53.238 Ruziobnok gully 13.10 12 53.578 Shurcha Zeravshan River 86.40 13 56.754 Shashkad gully 13.10 14 61.4 Varzi kanda gully 10.10 15 63.231 Navobod Zavron 19.13 16 64.553 Navobod gully 10.10 17 64.983 Navobod gully 13.10 18 66.271 Navobod gully 13.10 19 68.698 Kolhozchiyon gully 19.10 20 70.771 Kolhozchiyon gully 7.10 21 73.7 Gusar Shurcha gully 13.10 22 75.624 Dashti Malla gully 7.10 23 80.737 Sudjina gully 7.10 24 83.464 Sudjina Magyan River 25.10 25 89.83 Kuktosh gully 13.10 26 90.43 Kuktosh gully 13.10 27 93.2 Panjakent Zebon gully 37.15 28 96.31 Toshmunor gully 13.10 29 97.73 Toshmunor gully 10.10
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Bridge No. Location (km) Nearest Settlement Watercourse Length (m) 30 100.146 Yalokjar gully 19.10 31 108.757 Sarazm gully 10.10
1.4 Environmental Characteristics of the Project Area
With the type of project as described, based on ADB Environmental Safeguards Policy (2009), the project falls under Category B project with limited impact to the existing environment. An IEE document was produced for the project as part of the process of compliance with the ADB guidelines. Technically, the IEE provides guidance to the environmental measures needed to prevent and/or mitigate negative environmental effects associated with the project implementation, as well as provides a detailed description of the direct and indirect environmental effects during the conduct of the construction.
The land relief along the project road can be categorized into two: high elevations and mountainous at the first part; and relatively mild sloping as the road descends onto the Zeravshan Valley and considerably long distance of flat plain toward the Uzbek border. The prevailing soil in the Zeravshan Valley consists primarily of gray desert (sierozem), brown- carbonate, and mountain steppe soils. The Zaravshan River forms the Zaravshan Valley through which the Project Road traverses. This river starts in the regions of Pamir, flows westward through the valley, enters Uzbekistan, and flowing past Samakand City.
Due to long history of human settlement in Zeravshan Valley, the area near the project road has limited flora and much of the forest on these slopes has been depleted as the trees were cut and used as fuel. The fauna along the project road is rather low, aside from the commonly existing species in the country and no important, rare, endangered, or protected bird species or habitats are found within the Project Corridor.
The Zeravshan Valley is prone to natural disaster and climate induced extreme events such as avalanches and mudflows, especially in winter seasons. Because of these, the population is only around 343,000 with limited access to markets, educational and medical services, and the region's capacity to develop mining and tourism is constrained.
There are several historical and archaeological sites of significance within the vicinity of the Project Road and these are: (i) Sarazm (Km 108) [which means ―where the land begins] is a UNESCO archaeological site, dated 4th millennium BC to the end of the 3rd millennium BC, which bears testimony to the development of human settlements in Central Asia; (ii) Dardar Mosque (Km 10) reportedly more than two hundred years old and forms the cultural centerpiece of Dardar; (iii) Madrassa and Mosque in central Panjakent (km 92), adjacent to the Project Road, are both of significant cultural importance to the people of Panjakent
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PART II ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
2. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FRAMEWORK
The environmental monitoring framework for the project is based on the construction supervision ToR, GCC/PCC, Technical specifications, project IEE for Category B1 and ADB guidelines.
2.1 Methodology for Environmental Monitoring in Construction Supervision
As stipulated in the Contract for the project, the Contractor would adhere to the requirements of the environmental aspects of the contract document particularly in the General Conditions of Contract (FIDIC) as follows:
4.8 – Safety Procedure 4.18 – Protection of Environment 4.15 – Access Route 4.24 – Fossils 6.7 – Health & Safety In addition, detailed requirements are presented in the General Specifications particularly the following:
Section 1301.16 – Protection of Environment 1301.16.1 General 1301.16.2 Borrow Pits for Embankment Construction 1301.16.3 Quarry Operations 1301.16.4 Control of Soil Erosion, Sedimentation, and Water Pollution 1301.16.5 Pollution from Hot-Mix Plants and Batching Plants 1301.16.6 Substances Hazardous to Health 1301.16.7 Use of Nuclear Gauges 1301.16.8 Care during Execution of Works 1301.16.9 Environmental Monitoring
Section 1301.17 - HEALTH AND SAFETY 1301.17.2 Safety Equipment 1301.17.3 Health Measures 1301.17.4 Health and Safety Unit 1301.17.5 Site Induction 1301.17.6 Cooperation with Health Authorities 1301.17.7 Other Health and Safety Measures
Section 1301.18 - ARRANGEMENTS FOR TRAFFIC DURING CONSTRUCTION 1301.18.1 General 1301.18.2 Passage of Traffic along a part of the Existing Carriageway under Improvement 1301.18.3 Passage of Traffic along a Temporary Diversion 1301.18.4 Traffic Safety and Control
1 ADB’s Safe Guard Category – Category B The proposed project’s potential adverse environmental impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE), including an EMP, is required
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1301.18.5 Maintenance of Diversions, Deviations, Road Sections Under Construction and Traffic Control Devices 1301.18.6 Routine, Emergency, and Winter Maintenance of Traffic Control Measures 1301.18.7 Recovery Vehicles
Moreover in the Section 6 - Employer’s Requirements, the Initial Environmental Examination, and Environmental Management Plan were appended to form part of the contractual requirements. In the EMP, the requirements in the preparation of SSEMP are as follows2:
“The Contractor shall prepare a SSEMP to meet the requirements of this EMP. Specifically the SSEMP shall contain sections relating to: • Management of Physical Environment - Soils - Water - Air • Management of Ecological Environmental - Flora - Fauna - Protected Areas • Management of Economic Characteristics - Infrastructure - Transport - Land Use - Agriculture • Management of Social and Cultural Resources - Communities, Health and Education Facilities - Historical and Cultural Areas - Noise
In addition, the SSEMP shall contain specific Management Plans as Annexes relating to the following: • Borrow Pit Management Plan • Air Quality Management Plan • Water Quality Management Plan • Noise Management Plan • Waste Management Plan • Emergency Response Plan • Dust Suppression Plan • Site Plan • Health and Safety Plan”
Each section shall describe the precise location of the required mitigation / monitoring, the persons responsible for the mitigation / monitoring, the schedule and reporting methodology. The SSEMP must be submitted within 30 days of the contract award and construction cannot commence until the SSEMPs are approved by the MoT and the Engineer.”
2 From the EMP found in Section 6 - Employer’s Requirements
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Based on the above, the initial obligation of the Contractor was to formulate the Site Specific Environmental Management Plan (SSEMP) based on the findings contained in the June 2012 Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report and hereby reiterated in Section 6 - Employer’s Requirements. The Contractor has produced their versions of SSEMP and submitted to the Engineer. However, for several occasions, the submitted SSEMP was not in accordance with what was stipulated in the requirements; hence, subsequently rejected. Since the Contractor is doing the design, the environmental requirements should be included in their designs.
In a letter date 22 January 2014, the Engineer issued a “tentative and conditional approval of the CEMP subject to the sufficient response to the comments itemized in the letter. In the letter, the Engineer said that the SSEMP (or CEMP) was found to be still generic and lacking specific details for it to be applicable to the Project. In as much as, the CEMP is regarded as a dynamic document, this will be still subject to revisions from time to time, as the need arises.” The Supplemental Plans as Annexes to the SSEMP were still incomplete and would have all to be submitted since the review will entail cross-checking of contents.
As the work progresses, the Engineer, (and his staff) monitored the Contractor’s compliance with the Environmental Management Plan and reported on the impacts encountered and mitigation measures employed and made further recommendations as deemed necessary. The periodic inspection ensures that the Contractor is complying with the project EMP in all of the aspects of the work as part of their contractual obligations.
In general, as stipulated in the ToR for the Construction Supervision on the environmental aspect, the Consultant shall “Carry out the following duties related to environmental mitigation measures during construction: (i) Incorporate EMP provisions into the regular inspection documentation prepared for the supervision team; (ii) Provide advice and support, on site and in the EA office, to the national environment expert and staff of the EA in supervision of works to ensure the EMP compliance; (iii) Periodically review monitoring reports and identify any adaptations or improvements necessary in order to ensure that the EMP is being properly implemented; (iv) Assist with the preparation of progress reports for the initial 3 years, and develop the competence of the national environmental expert and counterpart staff for the preparation of such reports; (v) In the final stages of construction, review the EMP monitoring provisions and establish the monitoring system for the operational phase of the project; and (vi) Assist with the production of manuals, booklets, brochures and pamphlets for public awareness related to the environmental management. Coordinative communication channels shall be established according to the following work Environmental Monitoring Coordination Arrangement chart:
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MOTC
Construction Supervision Project Director/Manager
Construction Supervision Contractor International Project Manager Environmental Specialist
Local Environmental Specialist
Contractor Environmental Officer Health & Safety Officer
Figure 2: Environmental Monitoring Coordination Arrangement Chart
2.2 CS Consultant (The Engineer) Environmental Monitoring Work Protocol
Under the guidance of the International Environment Specialist, inspectors of the Engineer regularly conduct environmental monitoring on the Project. Findings and results of their monitoring activities are incorporated in the monthly and quarterly reports as well as in the Periodic Environmental Monitoring Reports for The Project.
During actual site visits of the International Environment Specialist, on-the-spot field inspections to various impact sites such as borrow pit, concrete plant, quarry areas as well as contractor’s campsite and residential and commercial areas along the project road were conducted. Environmental issues were noted down and presented to the Contractor as part of the consultation process, to determine how issues will be resolved. The effectiveness of the mitigation measures is assessed after site implementation to determine if such measures were effective. In cases where they were ineffective, other measures would be implemented and further reassessed and when they are determined to be successful, the Contractor’s measures are deemed compliant with the environmental requirements.
2.3 Contractor’s Environmental Monitoring Procedures and Health and Safety Management
As mentioned in the previous Bi-annual Environmental Report, the Contractor has appointed two (2) environmental engineers to undertake environmental supervision and ensure that
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project activities are in compliance with EMP. These are: Mr. Twan Bin (Tel.900330525); and Mr. Sharipov Khamid (tel.927657679). In the Contractor’s submitted CEMP, the names were changed as follows: (1) Mr. Zhuang Bin and (2) Mr. Ma Li will be appointed as the environment specialists (ES)3.
In the previous versions of CEMP submitted by the Contractor, a number of self-monitoring guidelines were presented which they would be following as part of their obligations during the implementation of the project. These self-monitoring guidelines pertain to the aspects of: (1) undertaking all necessary precautions or protection of the environment during the course of construction of the work; (2) provision of a series of education course about protection of the environment, sanitation, local rule of law and civilized construction among the construction personnel to enhance effectiveness of environmental protection; (3) submission of detailed monthly report to the Engineer which cover all aspects of the environment management and monitoring until the date; and (4) performance of prescribed instrumental monitoring in accordance with EMP.
2.4 Required Environmental Reporting
In the month of June 2013, measurements for water quality, air and noise were obtained at designated locations within the project area. The analyses of the measurements were done by the laboratory under the Environmental Protection Committee of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan. A separate report was prepared for this purpose by Mr. Bashid Suriev, national environmental specialist. The main sampling points for the measurement of noise, water quality and air testing are shown in Figure and Tabulation below.
Table 2: Selected Sampling Points for Environmental Monitoring Location Parameter Rationale as Measurement Point km 7+50m Water Quality Near Bridge No. 1 Construction site Dardar, km 10 Air Quality Impact to village population; recommended site in IEE/EMP Dardar, km 10 Noise Impact to village population km 26+50 m (Veshkand) Water Quality Impact to people’s water usage of the Zaravshan River Veshkand, km 26 Air Quality Impact to village population; recommended site in IEE/EMP Veshkand, km 26 Noise Impact to village population km 53+50m (Shurcha) Water Quality Impact to people’s water usage of the Zaravshan River Shurcha, km 53 Air Quality Impact to village population; recommended site in IEE/EMP Shurcha, km 53 Noise Impact to village population km 62+50m (Navobod) Water Quality Downstream of Bridge No. 15 Construction Navobod, km 62 Air Quality Impact to village population; recommended site in IEE/EMP Navobod, km 62 Noise Impact to village population km 75+50m (Gusar) Water Quality Impact to village population
3 According to the Contractor as stated in the CEMP “If the staff can't be competent for the work, another specialists will be employed”
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Location Parameter Rationale as Measurement Point Gusar, km 75 Air Quality Impact to village population; recommended site in IEE/EMP Gusar, km 75 Noise Impact to village population km 92+50m (Panjakent) Water Quality Impact to people’s water usage of the Zaravshan River Panjakent, km 92 Air Quality Impact to village population; recommended site in IEE/EMP Panjakent, km 92 Noise Impact to village population
As described in Table F-7 (EMP: Construction Phase Instrumental Monitoring) of the IEE for the Project4, Air Quality measurements should be taken every quarter, Surface Water Quality measurements every two (2) months, and Noise measurements every two months. A copy of the said Table is shown in Annex 1.
The Contractor should have followed through on the instrumental Monitoring beyond June 2013 based on the stipulated schedule in compliance with the EMP. As of now, no instrumental monitoring result was submitted by the Contractor to the Engineer, despite reminders of the latter to perform them.
3. PERFORMED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ACTIVITIES
Within the six-month period the Contractor is obligated to perform the necessary measures to mitigate environmental issues as part of his implementation activities. The Engineer likewise, as part of his tasks, monitors the environmental aspects of the project and reviews the environmental mitigating performance of the Contractor. The international environmental specialist of the Engineer (Kocks) visited the site in mid-October 2013 as part of Consultant’s periodic monitoring. The places inspected consisted of the project roads, material sources, work camps and asphalt mixing plants.
3.1 Environmental Monitoring Activities of the Contractor
In the previous period, the Contractor (Xinjiang Beixin Road & Bridge Group Co., Ltd.) should have undertaken instrumental monitoring as prescribed in the IEE/EMP and Section 6 - Employer’s Requirements. The Engineer has been reminding the Contractor regarding this issue however, no instrumental monitoring was done. The initial instrumental monitoring done in June 2013 could serve as basis for such monitoring. This was also presented also explained in the draft CEMP of the Contractor, but never undertaken. It is strongly recommended that the Contractor starts planning for the instrumental monitoring in March 2014 when the site becomes operable after the snow clears away. The Contractor is reminded on the scheduling of the instrumental monitoring for air quality (including dust), water quality, and noise found in Annex 1.
The Contractor mentions in their monthly reports certain environmental aspects related to their work. However, these are somewhat vague, too generic and non-specific. The Contractor should provide description of issues encountered and measures undertaken or planned to be undertaken to mitigate the field conditions. As guidance to monitoring activities, the
4 Initial Environmental Examination. Republic of Tajikistan: Roads Improvement Project Ayni – Panjakent Road. Prepared by the Ministry of Transport, Republic of Tajikistan for the Asian Development. Bank (ADB). June 2012
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Contractor can utilize and adopt the “Environmental Monitoring Detailed Plan” found in Annex 2 of this report.
3.2 Contractor’s Health and Safety Management and Monitoring
As provided in Clause 1301.17 – Health and Safety of the General Specifications the Contractor has the following responsibilities:
• To ensure that all Subcontractors and their personnel participate fully in the actions prescribed in this Clause for the health and safety of workers. • To take all reasonable precautions to prevent unauthorized entry to the Site and to protect members of the public from any activity under his control. • To notify the Engineer immediately of any unsafe incidents or accidents which result in death, serious bodily injury or are likely to lead to incapacity to persons for more than three days • To provide, and ensure the utilization of, appropriate safety equipment for all Contractors’ Personnel • To take all measures necessary to safeguard the health, including Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and HIV/AIDS, safety and welfare of Contractor’s Personnel • To establish a Health and Safety Unit, and shall appoint one responsible member of his staff to act full-time as Safety Officer, and he shall notify the Engineer of such appointment. The Safety Officer shall organize, and all Contractors’ Personnel shall be required to attend, an orientation/safety induction course within their first week on Site. • To have regular meetings, at least monthly, with local health authorities/facilities. • To maintain such records and make such reports concerning safety, health, including Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and HIV/AIDS, and welfare of persons as the Engineer may from time to time prescribe and as required by the statutory authorities. • To provide adequate lighting (including sufficient back-up facilities in the event of failure) wherever any work is to be carried out at night to ensure that the Works can be carried out safely. • To provide an adequate number of latrines and other sanitary arrangements at areas of the Site where work is in progress. • To ensure that the Works are left in a safe condition, in the event that the Contractor temporarily closes down site operations seasonally or for any other reason.
As stated above, in case of accident, the Contractor is to submit brief summary about the accidents as part of the monitoring activities for the previous month. A listing of the road accident for the previous six months along the project road is shown below:
Table 3: List of Accidents in Jul. to Dec. 2013 Occurrence Description Date/Time CON06/499 Safety on site – accident which resulted in death 15 September 2013 It is understood from this accident that the necessary signage when working under power lines was not in place and that tool-box talks had not been carried to before the commencement of each activity such that personnel were aware of the risks, dangers and health and safety requirements associated with such activity. The Contractor shall address such shortcoming
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3.3 Environmental Audit of the Engineer
Environmental Monitoring is among the major tasks of the construction supervision team. Likewise, under the construction contract, the Contractor is obligated to ensure that construction has no or minimal adverse impact to the environment and the communities. The Engineer and the Contractor should have a close collaborative coordination in performing environmental monitoring of activities to be effective in the minimization and avoidance of impacts. The issues raised in the previous monthly reports of the Engineer are as follows:
• Adverse environmental impacts were encountered with the storage of bitumen on the site (Jul-Dec. 2013).
• No submission of instrumental monitoring (Jul.-Dec. 2013).
For the purpose of the Bi-annual Environmental Monitoring, the CSC International Environmental Specialist came to the project site in October 2013 to consolidate monitoring activities in the previous period and establish the monitoring systems for the succeeding period. The output of the environmental inspection of the local environmental specialist is included in the Table below entitled “Observed Issues and Corrective Actions”. Selected photos for these Issues are found in Annex 3.
A short seminar and power point presentation on Environmental, Health & Safety Management and Monitoring took place on 19 October 2013 at Engineer’s office in Panjakent. The seminar was conducted by Mr. Samuel Sapuay, international environment specialist, and participated by representatives of Employer, Engineer and Contractor. The Contractor agreed upon all the health, safety and environmental issues raised and presented in the seminar and assured to address all points discussed. A copy of the power point presentation is found in Annex 4.
In December 2013, the worksites were covered with snow and the work has slowed down due to weather condition. Nevertheless, site inspection was done to assess the general environmental situations and discovered a number of observable situations where the Contractor can improve in providing added environmental mitigation measures and precautionary measures to improve safety at the workplace.
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PART III: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)
The main objective of the Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan (EMP) during the implementation and operation of the project is to avoid, reduce, or at least minimize the adverse environmental impacts that could result from the activities. Accordingly, the EMP considers all phases of the Project cycle, namely the detailed design, construction and operational phases of the Project. It consists of various mitigation measures needed to be undertaken in the course of the Project cycle.
During the construction phase, certain situations can arise which may not have been anticipated by the Contractor. It is for this reason that the project CEMP is considered as a dynamic document which has to be revised by the Contractor as the need arises. The CEMP will be continuously updated to include issues unforeseen during the formulation of the IEE. In this period, the Contractor was reminded to update their CEMP, to site adapt it by providing more details, and complete all the required annexes. Moreover, the required instrumental monitoring should be performed by the Contractor according to the stated schedule.
4.1 Observed Environmental Impacts
During the periodic field mobilization and inspection of the International Environmental Specialist5 in October 2013 as part of the CSC (the Engineer) Team, the work scope undertaken, in coordination with Contractor for the project road, consisted of the following:
• Field inspection of the worksites including facilities and ancillary work areas. Field investigation included worksites along the project road sections, borrow pit area, bridges and canals, asphalt mixing plant, and Contractor’s work camp.
• Discussion on road safety and updating of the Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) or SSEMP and supplemental plans.
Presented below are the environmental, health and safety issues observed at the vicinity of project worksites during the actual monitoring of the CSC personnel, and field reconnaissance of the CS international environmental specialist.
5 Mr. Samuel E. Sapuay, Kocks Consult International Environmental Specialist was at the project site in Jan 2014 to consolidate Environmental Monitoring activities for the previous period (Jul-Dec 2013)
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Table 4: Observed Issues and Corrective Actions Location Environmental Issues as of Recommended Mitigation Measures Target Date for Compliance Fieldwork on Oct. 17, 2013 Discussed in the Fieldwork and Presented in19 Oct. 2013 Seminar For the Project – Dust issues along the Road (Photo Regular Water Spraying at least Twice a No. 1) day in dry days
Access roads – Absence of Signs (Photo No. 2) Provide Sufficient Signs Already DONE
In Villages – Access along the road was Provide Signs restricted due to piled up Provide Facilitations for Access materials and excavation (Photos 3&4)
In Areas of Cut – Eminent Collapse at cut areas Provide protection (km 84+900) (Photo No. 5) Cordon the sides of the cut
Km 66-68 – Intrusion of Gravel Materials into Push back gravel materials to the sides of the road (Photo No. 6) the road Km 45 – Spills on the site – Crushing plant Removal of Spills (Photo No. 7) Prevention of Spills Km 45 – Risk of Silt Contamination – Containment berms should be constructed Crushing plant (Photo No. 8) to retain silt Km 45 – Open Barrels – Asphalt plant Cover the barrels (Photo No. 9) Provide shelter Km 45 – Open Barrels – Asphalt plant Cover the barrels (Photo No. 9) Provide shelter Km 45 – Bitumen Spills – Asphalt plant Remove Spill (Photo No. 10) Km 45 – Improper Waste Management – Prohibit Burning of Waste
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Location Environmental Issues as of Recommended Mitigation Measures Target Date for Compliance Fieldwork on Oct. 17, 2013 Discussed in the Fieldwork and Presented in19 Oct. 2013 Seminar Asphalt plant (Photo No. 11) Dispose waste properly Km 45 – Contaminated materials Exposed Cover Contaminated Materials – Asphalt plant (Photo No. 12) Km 45 – Absence of Containment System – Provide concrete containment system Asphalt plant (Photo No. 13) Along the – Affected Trees (Photo No. 14) Provide proper inventory of affected roadway Along the – Affected Trees (Photo No. 14) Provide accurate numbers and affected roadway trees and Provide plan for Replanting Along the – Spills at the construction site Spills should be prevented and any spills roadway (Photo No. 15) should be removed right away
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4.2 Notices and Letters
During the six-month period, the CS Consultant had been actively monitoring the Contractor’s performance in the environmental and social aspects. Issues were identified and communicated formally to the Contractor in the form of official letters. A listing of such letters on the environmental aspects and their status is shown below:
Table 5: Letters from the Engineer on Environmental and Social Issues Letter No. Dated Ref. To Contractor 024/ZV 25/12/12 EMP to include SS Env. Management Plans CON05/109 08/04/13 Undertake baseline monitoring Engage Environmental Expert Environmental Reporting outstanding CON05/135 21/04/13 Third party monitoring – request transcript CON05/191 21/05/13 No objection to 3rd party appointment Submit baseline reporting Baseline monitoring - Notice CON05/212 28/05/13 Env report rejected – historical data not baseline - Notice CON05/262 09/06/13 Revised EMP none complaint – no SSEM CON05/384 23/07/13 Env reports rejected, baseline and monitoring not address - Notice, Env Checklist provided for CTR guidance HO-013 05/09/13 Report lacking in detail, CTR to re-submit SW01/656 20/12/2014 Monthly environmental report DES01/679 16/01/2014 Environmental Protection Plan EDB DES01/689 22/01/2014 Comments on CEMP report
The Contractor likewise presented their responses and concerns in the form of letters and the list of such letters is presented below.
Table 6: Letters from Contractor on Environmental and Social Issues Letter No. Dated Ref. AU 019 11/12/12 EMP Submitted AU 060 27/03/13 Re-submitted EMP AU 087 19/04/13 Proposed 3rd Party Monitor 13-003/133 20/05/13 Submitted Env Monitoring 13-005/157 30/05/13 Revised EMP submitted AU 121 08/05/13 Qualifications of 3rd party submitted 003/133 20/05/13 Submitted ENV Report Panjakent 010/219 08/07/13 Submitted March + April Env Report 13-030/320 23/08/13 Bi-Annual Env Report submitted 13-037/349 16/09/13 Submitted SSEMP 004/501 17/01/2014 Environmental Reports for August, September and October 2013 005/503 17/01/2014 Environmental Report for August 2013 (English)
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Letter No. Dated Ref. 007/505 17/01/2014 SSEMP Annex1 and 3 (English) 006/504 21/01/2014 Environmental Reports for November-December 2013 009/509 21/01/2014 Environmental Report for September 2013 1010/510 28/01/2014 SSEMP Annex 4
4.3 Corrective Action Plans
Within July - December 2013 environmental monitoring was performed on the road under construction contract of Kocks Consult GmbH, for the Ayni – Panjakent – Uzbekistan Border Road. This yielded a number of observable issues which the Contractor had to mitigate. This report also presents recommended mitigation measures which can be implemented by the Contractor to mitigate the observed situation and should be inspected by CSC Inspectors.
The issues encountered in this periodic inspection were in the aspect of site safety, environmental documentary requirements, asphalt plant arrangement and management, quarry site control, dust management, and campsite solid waste management and oil contamination. Work related environmental, health and safety concerns were raised during the period. Validation of the measures was done during the visit of the International Environmental Specialist during his site inspection in October 2013. The environmental concerns focused on the following:
(i) Revision of the CEMP
(ii) Severe Contamination at Asphalt plant
(iii) Oil contamination at the quarry site
(iv) Minimization of dust
(v) Safety concerns along the road and people’s safety
As the work perks up again in March 2014, the environmental requirements for the project need to be fully addressed. This includes the conduct of instrumental measurements for water quality, air quality (including dust) and noise. It is important that all of the Contractor’s staff and Subcontractors become aware of the environmental, health and safety requirements of the Project.
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ANNEXES:
Annex 1. Construction Phase Instrumental Monitoring
Table F-7 EMP: Construction Phase Instrumental Monitoring Issue Mitigation Locations Schedule Responsibilities Reporting Air Quality The Contractor shall establish At the locations of Monitoring to be The Contractor shall The Independent routine Air Quality the baselines undertaken once hire an independent Specialist shall Monitoring throughout the monitoring and at every three monitoring consultant provide his results to construction period. The any additional months to perform the the Contractor and following parameters shall be locations to be monitoring activities. Engineer within three monitored: (TSP), Sulfur determined by the days of the sampling Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Engineer (not to activity. Dioxide (NO2) and Carbon exceed ten per Monoxide (CO). Other monitoring period). parameters maybe warranted as and when requested by the Engineer. Surface The Contractor shall ensure Locations will be Monitoring to be Responsibilities – The The Independent Water that routine surface water determined in undertaken Contractor shall hire an Specialist shall Quality monitoring is undertaken consultation with bimonthly independent air quality provide his results to throughout the construction the Engineer and monitoring consultant. the Contractor and period. Measured water the DEP and shall Engineer within three quality parameters shall include the baseline days of the sampling include Total Suspended locations above and activity. solids (TSS) Biological Oxygen any other likely to Demand (BOD) Dissolved be subject to water oxygen (DO), Conductivity - quality impacts or Fecal coliform Oil and grease significant runoff (construction
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Table F-7 EMP: Construction Phase Instrumental Monitoring Issue Mitigation Locations Schedule Responsibilities Reporting camps, staging areas, etc.). Noise The Contractor shall ensure Locations will be Bi-Monthly The Contractor shall The Independent that routine noise monitoring determined in throughout hire an independent Specialist shall is undertaken throughout the consultation with construction. noise monitoring provide his results to construction period. the Engineer and consultant. the Contractor and Parameters to be monitored to the local DEP but Engineer within three establish a baseline include: shall include at least days of the sampling Laeq 1h (dBA) the following activity. locations: • Central Dardar (KM10) • Novabod (KM65) • Shurcha (KM53) • Panjakent (KM92) • Veshkand (KM26) • Gusar (KM73)
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Annex 2. Environmental Monitoring Detailed Plan
Environmental Monitoring Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Data Issues By whom Frequency Blasting method; Crushing Monthly / (as Quarry sites: Quarry and crushing Visual Inspection plant operation; safety directed by Safety sites code; ES- Engineer) Contractor As directed Dust Site perimeter Air Quality Monitoring TSS / Engineer by Engineer As directed Noise/Vibration Site perimeter Noise Level Monitoring dBA and vibration by Engineer Daily/ as Visual Inspection Visual inspection Visual Inspection Location of blasting directed by ES- Engineer Contractor As directed Dust Site/site perimeter Air Quality Monitoring TSS / Engineer by Engineer As directed Noise Site/site perimeter Noise Level Monitoring dBA and vibration by Engineer Visual Inspection of storage places; ES- Monthly (or Project road and Review of places protected Containing, distribution Material Storage Contractor as directed Contractor’s facilities against blocking of and covering / Engineer by Engineer) waterways (culverts, drains) by materials. Visual inspection of erosion Project road / Erosion formation ES- Monthly (or prevention measures under Erosion excavation and backfill evidence in the shape of Contractor as directed EMP and erosion area drain and sheet erosion / Engineer by Engineer) origination Drainage and Construction sites Visual inspection of Stream adequacy; ES- Monthly (or
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Environmental Monitoring Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Data Issues By whom Frequency Discharge of drainage system. Water confluence Contractor as directed sewage / Engineer by Engineer) Visual inspection of implementation process of ES- Monthly (or Active rock falls and Unstable Rock falls the removal of bulk material Contractor as directed steep rock slope areas excavation/backfill from slopes and / Engineer by Engineer) minimization the falling risk Visual inspection of all Storage of Construction sites. facilities under EMP. Maintenance measures for ES- Monthly (or chemicals and Auto repair shops Review of the places where distribution of leakage Contractor as directed hazardous (garage). waterways are prevented /seepage evidence / Engineer by Engineer) materials Filling stations seepage and washout. Visual inspection of solid ES- Monthly (or Discharge of Construction sites and Liquidation of solid wastes waste and sewage water Contractor as directed sewage camps / sewage liquidation under EMP / Engineer by Engineer) Bridge constriction Bi-monthly sites; Visual inspection of water DO, COD, SS, fecal ES- Surface water (as per IEE- Identified basins, resources use under EMP. coliforms, conductance, Contractor quality Monitoring which are close to the Water quality monitoring turbidity, pH, temperature / Engineer Plan) construction sites. Visual inspection for review that asphalt plant location is Quarterly (as situated >1km far from Distance away from ES- per IEE- Air Quality Asphalt Plant residential area and residential areas TSS, SO, Contractor Monitoring regulators of exhaust NOx, SO2 / Engineer Plan) emission are installed; Air quality monitoring Air Quality Construction sites Visual inspection of dust Communities’ and ES- Quarterly (as
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Environmental Monitoring Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Data Issues By whom Frequency suppression plan workers’ complaints Contractor per IEE- implementation and control TSS, SO, NOx, SO2 / Engineer Monitoring of exhaust emission; Plan) Air quality monitoring Bi-monthly Construction sites, ES- д in sensitive zones (as per IEE- Noise which are closer placed Noise monitoring Contractor under EMP Monitoring to sensitive zone / Engineer Plan) Environmental and social ES- Monthly (as Community Project road issues consultancy with Communities‘ complains Contractor directed by communities along the road / Engineer Engineer)
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Annex 3: Photos of Environmental Issues
Photo No. 1 : Dust issues along the Road
Photo No. 2 : Absence of Signs
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Photo No. 3 : Access along the road was restricted due to piled up materials
Photo No. 4 : Access along the road was restricted due to excavation
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Photo No. 5 : Eminent Collapse at cut areas
Photo No. 6 : Intrusion of Gravel Materials into the road
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Photo No. 7 : Spills on the site at the crushing plant
Photo No. 8 : Risk of Silt Contamination at the crushing plant
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Photo No. 9 : Open barrel pose risk of contamination at the Asphalt plant
Photo No. 10 : Bitumen Spills at the Asphalt plant
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Photo No. 11 : Improper Waste Management at the Asphalt plant
P hoto No. 12 : Contaminated materials Exposed at the Asphalt plant
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Photo No. 13 : Absence of containment system at the asphalt plant
Photo No. 14 : Affected trees along the roadway
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Photo No. 15 : Spills at the construction site
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Annex 4: Power Point Presentation on Environmental, Health & Safety Management and Monitoring
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