11.12 SD 08 Movers NR

San Diegoi

In search of the élite A huge number of people have contributed to the success of San Diego. Virginia Gewin catches up with a selection of the region’s prime movers.

he rise of San Diego has aspect of the job. I wanted to Bob Conn therapy, and the characterization been remarkable. In just create an environment where we Partner at the venture- of a mechanism of action that T30 years, it has secured would not be bothered by capital firm Enterprise revealed how hormones and drugs itself a prime position in the bureaucracy and other Partners, former dean control wide aspects of body world of biotech and high-tech considerations that made it hard of the Jacobs School physiology and disease. innovation. But who helped to to do research. of Engineering at the University of BIGGEST CHALLENGE TO FORMING shape this vision? Who ensured BIGGEST ANNOYANCE Losing California, San Diego. LIGAND Raising money. Big that the region did not buckle business to a competitor. MOTTO You shouldn’t do anything pharmaceutical companies weren’t under the pressures of recession? BEST PART OF JOB Solving for more than a decade. interested in new technology There are many names on this extremely complex problems that HOBBIES Contemporary art is a primarily because they didn’t roll of honour — those who ultimately benefit the country. passionate interest. It goes back to understand how it could be used. facilitated San Diego’s my early days when friends were DRIVING FORCE Helping to cure rejuvenation, those whose Howard artists and I was a nerd. disease. Taking a discovery from entrepreneurial vision has laid the Birndorf PIVOTAL MOMENT OF CAREER The the lab bench, through a company foundations for the region’s Chief executive of moments of change. I made some and into the clinic is amazing. meteoric rise, and those upon Nanogen, founding major changes in my career: I left NEXT BIG THING IN BIOTECH whom the area’s future prosperity partner of Hybritech the University of Wisconsin to go The next era will be the will depend. Nature canvassed and IDEC Pharmaceuticals. to the University of California, Los commercialization of the human dozens of San Diego insiders to SAN DIEGO AND HYBRITECH I have Angeles, then on to its San Diego genome, the integration of new find out who they believed to be to believe that in time there campus. Finally I joined concepts that will explore large the élite. Among the 270 responses, would have been another biotech Enterprise Partners. numbers of proteins as potential several names cropped up again happening here because there were RECENT TRENDS As I get older I therapeutic targets. and again. Although by no means so many talented individuals. But it take more risks. HOPE FOR CHANGE Some an exhaustive list, here, in no order was a magical place — everybody STATE OF HIGH-TECH IN SAN understanding by the Food and of merit, are those who were was committed and worked hard DIEGO We’re without peer in the Drug Administration that every mentioned most often. with a sense of excellence and wireless area. It is the Silicon single drug should not cost $900 urgency to get the job done. Valley of wireless. I don’t want to million to create and test. Such a Bob Beyster GREATEST ACCOMPLISHMENT sound like a city booster, but I burden means that only big Chief executive of With Hybritech it was the prostate suppose I am. I think that the companies can afford to bring Science Applications cancer test, which has saved foundation that has been laid for drugs to the market-place. International countless lives. I think the other San Diego’s economy in the past SURPRISING FACT I like fast cars. Corporation (SAIC). great success was Rituxan, an two decades has put the city in an BEST PART OF JOB Blue sky-ing GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT antibody treatment that attacks extraordinary position for the with colleagues about big Founding SAIC in 1969; and 34 cancer cells, from IDEC. next ten years. questions in biology. years of increased revenues and ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN SAN DIEGO consistent growth for our It needs to be a good idea and Ron Evans Wain Fishburn employee owners — the company have commercial merit, but you Professor of molecular Partner with law firm has never had a downturn year. can get it done here easier than biology at the Salk Cooley Godward, MOTTO Those who contribute to anywhere else in the world. Institute and a Howard founding member the company should own it. PIVOTAL MOMENT IN YOUR CAREER Hughes investigator. of BIOCOM and

TODAY’S TELECOM INDUSTRY It Meeting venture capitalist Brook Founder of several companies UCSD CONNECT. SCHOENHERR MARCUS has been experiencing a downturn Byers and working with him for 25 including Ligand Pharmaceuticals, GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT Realizing for the past couple years. We are years. He’s an amazing business- Xceptor Therapeutics and in the late 1980s that the life- optimistic that there will be a man and incredible mentor — one Xenopharm. science and technology industries turnaround soon. of the brightest people I know. GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT The were likely to be the key factors for SURPRISING FACT When I started IMPACT OF NANOTECH ON discovery of a large family of San Diego’s future — even though SAIC in 1969, I was never very BIOTECH Miniaturization is king; hormone receptors that are at the time every one else thought much concerned about the money it will open entirely new markets. potential targets for cancer I was crazy.

PIVOTAL CAREER MOMENT When David Hale goes to the private sector with GREATEST BUSINESS FAILURE Our San Diego matured as a life- Chief executive of ideas to bridge the gap between delay in entering key markets in science and technology venture CancerVax and a discovery and the private sector. Asia and Europe. community and the major law founding member of The roadblock in the ‘translational CURRENT STATE OF THE TELECOM firms saw fit to open offices here. Hybritech, BIOCOM highway’ of moving ideas to the INDUSTRY I think that it is slowly As a lawyer, I had always had to and UCSD CONNECT. market-place is when an idea gets recovering, led by strong growth fight to demonstrate that what HOW SAN DIEGO HAS CHANGED stuck at the point when its in CDMA communications, was happening in San Diego was When I first came here, most funding from the National powerful and attractive devices, important. people had no idea what Institutes of Health has ended, but and a rapidly expanding range of BEST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO It biotechnology was, what its it has yet to secure pre-seed applications. has outgrown its caricature as a capabilities might be or knew money for a start-up. A lot of BEST AND WORST OF SAN DIEGO place with great sun and airheaded anything about science or industry. really good ideas are too early for There are continuing surfers. Over the past 20 years we I remember organizing a day with venture capitalists to pick up and improvements in the cultural and have become a Mecca for the best the city council where a number of need to be matured. We want to intellectual climate to match our and brightest in myriad tech fields. us presented what we thought the bring an idea closer to the clinic so physical climate — although these SURPRISING FACT I dance when no potential was for the industry and that the private sector might be are offset by the need for one is looking. they were flabbergasted. more motivated to pick it up. improvements in housing, TEN-YEAR FORECAST I’m curious Additionally, we used to have to GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT Working transportation and public as to whether we end up with a hire every employee from with faculty members and education. meaningful number of standalone somewhere else. There wasn’t leadership to develop a vision for SURPRISING FACT I had difficulty companies or go in our present anybody here that knew anything. institutions that capitalizes on at college with public speaking (I direction of supplying major PERSONAL FAILURE My greatest their strengths and matches where almost flunked) and cooking corporations with promising personal disappointment was to the forefront of science is heading. (while in the Cornell hotel companies. have Protera — a product to BEST PART OF SAN DIEGO What is school). FAVOURITE PLACE IN SAN DIEGO I reduce deaths and stroke during unique about San Diego’s love meeting entrepreneurs in the coronary bypass surgery — fail academic excellence is a Robert Kibble evening for a glass of wine on the in the final stage of clinical trials constellation of things — a group Managing partner at balcony of La Valencia hotel. at Gensia. of institutions such as Salk, Mission Ventures and MARK ROSS BIOTECH INDUSTRY FAILURE The Burnham, Scripps layered on top early-stage investor in Itzhak Gurantz industry as a whole has failed to of a robust biotech industry. over 30 high-tech Chief executive of grow independent biotech BEST PART OF JOB Bringing companies in California. Entropic companies in San Diego. creativity and so making it easier GREATEST BUSINESS FAILURE It’s Communications, and FUTURE OF BIOTECH I think over for faculty members to do their difficult to choose between them. instrumental in the the next several years, we’ll have research. The most recent one was the development of Direct TV. companies that can sustain growth Internet company Ihome — MENTOR Andy Viterbi, co-founder and development in San Diego. Irwin Jacobs which went bust just after the of Qualcomm. Companies are structuring Chief executive of bubble burst in 2001. We just GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT agreements so that it will make it Qualcomm. Founded couldn’t support it with additional Developing the transmission more difficult for other companies both Qualcomm and capital. standard and technology for to come and buy them. Linkabit, the company NEXT BIG THING It’s occurring Direct TV, or satellite broadcast that sparked the rise of San Diego’s right in front of our eyes — access television, especially considering Ed Holmes telecom industry and led to dozens to information from any device its impact — and the number of Health sciences vice- of companies. anywhere, complete mobility. doubters who questioned whether chancellor and dean of GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT I feel it is SAN DIEGO LACKS It would be nice it would be valuable. the medical school at the development and worldwide to have a few more Qualcomms. BEST PART OF JOB Working with the University of acceptance of code division And, we don’t have a world-class young engineers — working and California, San Diego. multiple access (CDMA) — business school. As a businessman, mentoring is what I enjoy. EXCITING PROJECT PharmaSTART digital wireless technology that I see that as a negative. WORST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO is the partnership between the creates a unique code for each call HOW VENTURE CAPITAL HAS Trying to recruit key executives. I University of California’s San and so allows greater sharing of CHANGED In general, the past ten wanted to hire a chief executive Diego and Los Angeles campuses, the airwaves. years have seen more firms and for a company, and a lot of those Stanford University and SRI MENTOR Claude Shannon, the money — and it’s become more whom I considered to be qualified International to move ideas or father of information theory and institutionalized in the way it candidates indicated that the Bay concepts out of labs and into new a fellow faculty member at the operates. Area was a much more favourable drugs to improve health. Massachusetts Institute of HOBBIES Until recently, horse place for them to work. ROUTE TO SUCCESS PharmaSTART Technology. rider and fox hunter.

Richard Lerner A lot of guarded optimism about technology could not be patented. Tina Nova President of the companies and products. I was told: ‘If it was a good idea Chief executive and Scripps Research FUTURE OF BIOTECH I see the someone would have thought of it founder of GenOptix, Institute. future of the pharmaceutical already’ and given back rights to former president and GREATEST industry as the future of the the technology. former board member ACHIEVEMENT Building Scripps biotech industry. SURPRISING FACT When I was a of Nanogen. into what it is today. CURRENT STATE OF TELECOM new graduate student there were GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT Being CHALLENGE OF RUNNING SCRIPPS Telecom remains extremely two things that I knew as fact — part of teams that have Finding the resources necessary to challenging. It’s a huge market with I was never going to work in a successfully put products on the continue to fuel the science engine a great future, but it is still a market company (never mind start one) market that have made an impact that we are today. that is continuing to contract. and I was never going to have in medical sciences. Nothing that PIVOTAL MOMENT IN CAREER BEST PART OF JOB Helping children (I now have three). I you do can feel better than that. Discovering the first catalytic companies that make profound certainly learned never to say never. PIVOTAL MOMENT OF CAREER antibodies in 1986. differences and feeling like you did Deciding to go from academia to FUTURE OF BIOTECH No matter a little more than practise law. Hank Nordhoff commercial industry. what happens to the economy, Chief executive of HOBBIES Politics. I advise some people will always need new Gail Naughton Gen-Probe, board of the political leaders on medicines. Dean of the San Diego member of the cancer scientific matters, and I host NEXT BIG THING IN BIOTECH State University centre at the University fundraisers. I’m the California Scripps researcher Pete Schultz’s Business School, of California, San Diego, and vice- chair of the Democratic unnatural amino acids. founder of Advanced chair of the Economic Regional Leadership Council. SURPRISING FACT I’m an excellent Tissue Sciences. Development Corporation. BEST ADVICE Don’t let anything golfer. GREATEST ACCOMPLISHMENT I FASTEST GROWING SECTOR FOR get in the way of what you want NEXT FOR SCRIPPS We’ve just invented a method for growing GEN-PROBE Blood screening. to accomplish. signed a deal in which we’ve got tissue in three-dimensional We’ve developed tools to check MENTOR Somebody called me one more than $500 million to scaffolding placed in a bioreactor donated blood for certain viruses day and said: ‘I hear you are in establish a new centre in Florida to simulate conditions found including hepatitis C, and we’re charge of Democrats in Biotech.’ that will focus on drug discovery. inside the human body. This led to working on equipment to test for I called UCSD CONNECT PREDICTION FOR SAN DIEGO the formation of Advanced Tissue hepatitis B and West Nile virus. founder Bill Otterson and told There’s not a lot of space left, so I Sciences and to its five products MOST RECENT ACCOMPLISHMENT him how strange that was, and he think the way it will evolve is that for treating severe burns, diabetic The National Institutes of Health said: ‘Oh, I made that up. We need some younger companies will wounds, genetic skin disorders called us last year concerned about that and I put you in charge of it.’ mature, while the research will and cosmetic repair. West Nile virus and asked for a SURPRISING FACT I enjoy playing continue to be great. MOST EXCITING DAY When I was product to screen blood in time Yu-gi-oh cards with my eight-year- BEST PART OF YOUR JOB Getting the first individual woman to for the peak mosquito season in old son. They’re like Pokemon to do my own science and receiver the Intellectual Property July 2003. We were able to turn cards. interacting with the great Owners Association Inventor of one around and managed to PET ANNOYANCE I prefer not to scientists at Scripps. the Year award in 2000. intercept 400 units of blood that be around people who aren’t GREATEST FAILURE Not being able contained the virus. passionate about something. Fred Muto to keep Advanced Tissue Sciences BIGGEST FAULT I’m too slow to SAN DIEGO I wouldn’t leave here Partner at the law firm from filing for bankruptcy in make personal changes. for anything. You could double Cooley Godward, has October last year. Although at PET ANNOYANCE People who don’t or triple my salary to move and worked with, or the time, we had two strong use what they have as well as they I wouldn’t do it. represented, over 500 marketing partnerships, three could. technology companies in California. products on the market, and a SURPRISING FACT I used to teach Joe Panetta CHARACTERIZE SAN DIEGO I used fourth about to be approved, the Sunday School, I’ve climbed First and current chief to live in the Bay Area and San revenues were disappointing for Kilimanjaro and I was squash executive of BIOCOM. Diego is a much more tightly us and our two competitors. champion of Wilton, Connecticut, BEST THING ABOUT knit, supportive community. Within two weeks all three tissue- one year. SAN DIEGO When you The Bay Area is a federation of engineering companies with NEXT BIG THING IN BIOTECH get out of work in the afternoon communities loosely held together. products on the market failed. Customized medicine and the sun’s out and you can go to the CURRENT WORKLOAD I’m working PIVOTAL MOMENT IN CAREER pharmacogenomics — being able beach or surf any day of the year. with 60 tech companies right now Deciding to form a company to predict the probability of On the business side, I like the — biotech, wireless and telecom. based on the tissue-engineering someone coming down with a simple fact that people here are CURRENT STATE OF BIOTECH The discovery even though my disease and taking preventative not only friendly but interested in mood is very positive right now. institution believed that the measures. your success.

WORST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO GREATEST BUSINESS FAILURE The technologies under one umbrella Ivor Royston Although I wouldn’t call it a start-up technology that IDEC organization in order to get Co-founder of Forward ‘worst’,one of the most created did not succeed. We had venture-capital funding. We Ventures and of challenging things is the very to restart the company in 1993, in talked to big pharmaceutical Hybritech. strict environmental regulation our seventh year, but we turned companies, but they said that it PIVOTAL CAREER and duplication of federal failure into success. was too early to use this research MOMENT I was reading about regulation in California. NEXT BIG THING IN BIOTECH for cancer treatment as it was still monoclonal antibodies in Nature BEST PART OF JOB I have the Closing of the deal between unproven. The only way to get ball in 1975, and I thought: ‘That’s it, opportunity to be involved in a Biogen and IDEC. rolling was to start a company I’m going to use this new little bit of what’s happening in ourselves. technology to develop new 400 biotech companies at once. I John Reed SURPRISING FACT I get up at 3:00 treatments for cancer’.Within six spend two or three lunch hours a President and chief am every morning. months of being at the University week visiting chief executives and executive of the of California, San Diego I had touring companies — learning Burnham Institute, Duane Roth made antibodies — I was the first from them how to address their and co-founder of Chairman and chief in the area to make monoclonal challenges. It is the greatest job in Idun Pharmaceuticals. executive of Alliance antibodies. biotech in San Diego. NEXT FOR BURNHAM We have a Pharmaceuticals, BEST PART OF WORKING IN SAN STATE OF THE BIOTECH INDUSTRY I couple of initiatives under way executive committee DIEGO There is no better place that really can’t begin to express my including an effort that has more member for UCSD CONNECT. runs the spectrum of biology. La enthusiasm for what than 100 people working on stem- CURRENT STATE OF BIOTECH IN Jolla is like one big National biotechnology will offer in the cell biology. The other, the cancer SAN DIEGO If you look from the Institutes of Health campus. It is future. Not only in terms of health, drug-discovery initiative, will skies way above and identify the equal or better than the Bay, but also in food production, establish the facilities for hot spots of biotechnology Boston or Cambridge. efficient manufacturing processes structure-based drug discovery. development on the planet, San GREATEST BUSINESS FAILURE I feel — the potential benefits are BEST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO Diego is a big, bright, red light. badly about it because friends co- almost endless. The track record for This is the result of two factors. invested with me. It was a public–private partnerships and First, is the University of company to breed severe Bill Rastetter entrepreneurial spirit. California’s campus — a 40-year- combined immunodeficiency Chief executive of PIVOTAL CAREER MOMENT While old university that went from an disease (SCID) mice. It was a IDEC Pharmaceuticals, working on my MD/PhD, I went idea to phenomenal success. disaster because of intellectual-

WALTER URIE WALTER who sealed the merger to Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory We recruited the most talented property issues. between Biogen and in New York for a three-week people and gave them academic HISTORY I’ve been intimately IDEC — creating the third largest advanced cloning course and there freedom, which spilled over as involved with forming 15 biotech company in the world. was no more ambiguity — I the biotech industry started to companies. But in the early years, I MENTOR Brook Byers of Kleiner wanted to do research. emerge. Second, people in this was pariah in science because it Perkins Caufield & Byers venture- MOST RECENT ACCOMPLISHMENT area take risks — both scientific was not accepted to be involved in capital firm. I just did the Lance Armstrong and financial. business. Now, it is very well STATE OF BIOTECH IN SAN DIEGO Tour of Hope bike ride. Also, BEST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO We accepted. Successful companies are getting while finishing my PhD/MD at understand creative economies UNUSUAL FACT I had a production bigger, and smaller companies are the University of Pennsylvania, I here. Biotech firms can have years company, Pacific West getting creative. The drug industry discovered a drug that targets a of losses, and not make a profit Entertainment, in Hollywood. We is realizing that it has to add key gene known to make cancer until much later. made some B movies, such as biotech tools into its discovery or cells immortal. The drug restores WORST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO SoulTaker. It is proof that not product development mix. It’s a normal cell-death processes to The tough part for me is airplanes everything I do turns to gold. sector that has come into its own. the cancer cell and has just — it is a long way to go anywhere. The sector is still not profitable, successfully finished the final stage I’d like to see more financial Drew Senyei but a good number of large of clinical trials. As a result, it markets move into San Diego, Partner in venture- biotech companies are and are seems to stand a good chance more capital formation here. capital firm Enterprise growing rapidly. of becoming a new drug for PIVOTAL MOMENT OF CAREER The Partners. BEST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO treating cancer. adversity I faced on 8 January MISCONCEPTION Going to work and not putting RISKY VENTURE I started Idun 2001, when I was told we had a ABOUT VENTURE CAPITALISM How on snow tyres. Pharmaceuticals based on a potential problem that would hard it is to move technology out SURPRISING FACT I was born in combination of technology from cause us to stop working on a of the lab and into commerce. Panama. my laboratory and similar work by promising product. In the For every dollar needed for HOBBIES Photography, swimming leaders in the field of apoptosis, or pharmaceutical industry, we live, invention, you need ten for and golf. cell death. We merged the breathe and die by our products. commercialization.

ORIGINAL PROFESSION I left the Internet and the PC — sort of like and very smart engineers. then people were beginning to talk practice of medicine in 1987, but in 1920s when it was the WORST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO up revenues, to stop laying people I’ve always been an entrepreneur. automobile and the road system. The cost of living and the airport. off and some were hiring again. It I started a biotech company as a What is taking off now is wireless CURRENT STATE OF TELECOM The has been nothing but up ever since. third-year medical student. It was Internet and endpoints — mobile industry has been experiencing HOBBIES Hockey and heleskiing called Molecular Biosystems and phones, sensor networks and complete devastation for the past — every year I take about 20 of was basically my ‘street MBA’. personal digital assistants. three years. San Diego has been San Diego’s high-tech chief BEST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO We FUTURE FOR YOUR CAL-(IT)2 We’re somewhat protected because of its executives heleskiing in Canada. have the highest per capita of entering a rapid deployment focus on wireless technologies. PET ANNOYANCE We get annoyed Nobel laureates, most prolific period for our living laboratories, The future of wireless is very if people do business with other publishing scientists, and a real which are based on campus and bright and San Diego should companies when it could have sense of community that develops serve as models for society’s future emerge stronger in telecoms than been done locally. There are lots around the biotech sector. technology demands. We are it was before the crash. of services to connect people to GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT I’ve done building tools such as large-scale GREATEST BUSINESS FAILURE San Diego first. 25 deals since 1987 when I joined optical networks, wireless Internet I have had so many it is hard to KEY TO SUCCESS It’s a the partnership. and sensornet — real-time sensors identify a greatest. On a grand combination of who you know ALTERNATIVE PROFESSION If I for monitoring factors such as scale, I completely failed to detect and knowing enough about wasn’t doing venture capitalism, environmental conditions. It’s — early enough — the technology people not to waste anyone’s time. I would like to be a rock star. unusual work for universities to bust of the past three years. SURPRISING FACT I’m fluent in undertake, and is only possible HOBBIES Music. I am past president Julie Meier Wright Hungarian and cook a mean because of our close partnerships and on the board of the San Diego Chief executive of the chicken paprikash. Also, I’m a with industry. Opera, and I play classical guitar — San Diego Economic bit of an amateur inventor. I have NEXT BIG THING The partnership very badly, but I enjoy it. Development 30 patents. One is the first and between industry and four SURPRISING FACT I was a member Research Council. only test approved by the Food California institutes — Cal-(IT)2, of a world champion tiddlywinks GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT and Drug Administration to California NanoSystems Institute, team. California was viewed as a predict premature birth 2–3 the Center for Information GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT Being business-unfriendly state in the weeks ahead of time. Technology Research in the part of the founding management early 1990s. Under then Governor PET ANNOYANCE The perception Interest of Society, and the team of telecoms firm StrataCom. Pete Wilson’s leadership we that San Francisco is the centre of Institute for Bioengineering, It was a terrific experience with enacted wide-ranging business- the Universe. Biotechnology and Quantitative a spectacular group of people. climate reforms and worked Biomedical Research — to put in We invented the $15-billion diligently to help companies grow Larry Smarr place a persistent collaborative frame-relay industry, created or solve problems here. The result Director of the framework across departments, tremendous shareholder value was a stunning turnaround in California Institute for campuses and between and had a lot of fun. California’s economy. Telecommunications universities and industry. If this CURRENT BUSINESS ATMOSPHERE and Information works, it will be like moving to Marco It’s a new day in California with a Technology (Cal-(IT)2). a higher metabolic level in the Thompson new governor. GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT I think evolution of life. Chairman of the San ADVICE TO THE NEW GOVERNOR that I have consistently been a SURPRISING FACT I have about Diego Telecom Council Address the budget problems midwife for a whole series of what 15 different species of orchids in and chief technology responsibly so that the financial has become a part of the nation’s full bloom in my house at any one officer of Wind River Systems. community has renewed information infrastructure. I time, and 120 more that are resting GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT: Retiring confidence in California. argued strongly for the at the orchid babysitter in town. from entrepreneurship in my MENTOR I have been blessed with construction of the first national thirties to spend time with my many mentors. One of the best ‘backbone’,which connected the Bill Stensrud family. I won’t start my next was Pete Wilson. National Science Foundation’s five Partner in venture- company until summer 2008 WORST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO supercomputer centres in 1986, capital firm Enterprise when my son graduates from The most challenging thing is and rapidly evolved, first into the Partners. high school. what exists in the biotech industry NSFnet, and then into today’s FAVOURITE PLACE IN MENTOR The late Bill Otterson, almost everywhere — inadequate commercial Internet. SAN DIEGO The Torrey Pines South founder of UCSD CONNECT. Bill capital to fund number of ideas, PRESENT AND FUTURE Technology golf course. It is simultaneously a was more responsible for the some of which will turn into change comes in these 10–20 year spectacular and profoundly economic miracle of San Diego amazing products. ‘S’ curves. I claim that what humbling experience to play there. than any other person. SURPRISING FACT I rollerblade. ■ really created Silicon Valley was BEST THING ABOUT SAN DIEGO CURRENT STATE OF TELECOM I call Virginia Gewin is a freelance writer a co-evolution of the wired A great community of innovative the bottom 15 May this year. By based in Corvallis, Oregon.