Desk-Based Heritage Assessment Report Project Ref: 16/2575 Client: Dorothy House Hospice Care 15 August 2016 Bristol & West Archaeology Planning Authority: Wiltshire County Council National Grid Reference Centred on: NGR ST 8248 6083 Author: Emma Whitcombe Report Status: Final Issue Date: 07/09/2016 BWA Ref: 16/2575 © Bristol & West Archaeology Limited No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent. © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced under the Open Government Licence (OGL). Parkfield House, Parkfield, Pucklechurch, Bristol BS16 9NS. Tel. 0117 9372450. Email [email protected] ©Bristol and West Archaeology , Desk-Based Heritage Assessment [Title] Desk-Based Heritage Assessment Report CONTENTS NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 2 BASELINE SURVEY ............................................................................................... 3 3 IMPACT STATEMENT ........................................................................................... 9 4 CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................................................... 13 5 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 14 FIGURES Figure 1: Study area with the approximate boundary outlined in red............................ 16 Figure 2: Detail of the study area. ................................................................................. 17 Figure 3: Wiltshire Historic Environment Record data for the site and 1km buffer area. ...................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 4: NHLE designations data including Listed Buildings and Scheduled Monument ..................................................................................................... 19 Figure 5: Detail of a photographic copy of a map of the manor of Winsley and the parsonage of Haugh, the estate of John Thresher, drawn by Philip Assenton, 1727. ............................................................................................................. 20 Figure 6: An extract from the First Series Ordnance Survey map of 1817. ........... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 7: An extract from the 1841 Tithe map of Bradford town, WSHC 77/12. .. Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 8: OS County Series: WILTSHIRE 1:2500 1887.. ............ Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 9: OS County Series: WILTSHIRE 1:2500 1901.. ............ Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 10: OS County Series: WILTSHIRE 1:2500 1924.Error! Bookmark not defined. PLATES Plate a: View of the current car park from the study area, looking northwest ............... 3 Plate b: The solar panels along the northern boundary of the field containing the study area. Looking north-northwest. ........................................................................ 3 Plate c: The current access to the Winsley/Murhill road, looking west ......................... 3 Plate d: The current access to the site from the Winsley/Murhill road, looking north- northeast ........................................................................................................... 3 Plate e: The upper terrace, with the car park behind, looking north .............................. 4 Plate f: The upper terrace, looking west ....................................................................... 4 BWA Project Error! Unknown document property name. ii ©Bristol and West Archaeology , Desk-Based Heritage Assessment Plate g: The lower terrace, with the gradual incline below (left), looking west ............. 4 Plate h: The upper terrace with solar panels (left), lower terrace and view through to Turleigh, looking southeast .............................................................................. 4 Plate i: Census year vertical aerial photograph, 3/219147 .......................................... 27 Plate j: Census year vertical aerial photograph, 4/217087 .......................................... 27 Plate k: Census year vertical aerial photograph, 4/109 ................................................ 28 Plate l: Census year vertical aerial photograph, 5/46 .................................................. 28 Plate m: Census year vertical aerial photograph, 4/251 ................................................ 29 Plate n: Census year vertical aerial photograph, 5/43 .................................................. 29 Plate o: Census year vertical aerial photograph, 4/116 ................................................ 30 Plate p: Vertical aerial photograph from WSHER GIS layer....................................... 30 Plate q: Dorothy House, showing the retained carriage entranceway. Looking south. ............................................................................................... 31 BWA Project Error! Unknown document property name. iii ©Bristol and West Archaeology , Desk-Based Heritage Assessment NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY Bristol and West Archaeology was commissioned by Rackham Planning Ltd to prepare an archaeological desk-based assessment of Dorothy House Hospice, Winsley (centred on NGR ST 8248 6083; 'the site'). Planning consent may include a condition for the implementation of a programme of archaeological work to ensure the mitigation of any impacts to buried archaeological remains, which may survive beneath the proposed development area, with the scope of the archaeological mitigation agreed upon in advance of the development taking place. This report seeks to provide additional information on the nature and likely extent of any buried archaeological remains within the site, with a view to informing the scope of the archaeological mitigation prior to/during any development. Baseline conditions relating to the archaeological resource were established through consideration of all recorded heritage assets within a 1km study area around the site and desk-based review of publicly accessible sources of primary and synthesised information. A review of the available information indicates that the archaeological interest within the site relates to the potential for archaeological remains associated with early prehistoric occupation, agrarian management and rural settlement of later prehistoric, Romano-British, medieval and post-medieval date. There is considered to be moderate potential for the presence and survival of archaeological material within the site. Archaeological monitoring of groundwork might be recommended in order to record any archaeological remains, but this may not be required on the basis of limited indications of archaeological features from cartographic, photographic and remote sensing evidence and the likelihood that the site may have been under pasture for some time. BWA Project Error! Unknown document property name. iv ©Bristol and West Archaeology , Desk-Based Heritage Assessment ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Bristol and West Archaeology Limited wish to acknowledge the assistance given by the following in the production of this report: Rackham Planning Ltd; Mr Barry Newley and the other staff of Dorothy House Hospice; Thomas Sunley, Historic Environment Record Data Manager, Wiltshire Archaeology Service; Dorothy Treasure, Wiltshire Buildings Record; Wiltshire and Swindon Archives; the staff of the Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre. BWA Project Error! Unknown document property name. v ©Bristol and West Archaeology , Desk-Based Heritage Assessment 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project background 1.1.1 Wiltshire Council has requested a Desk-Based Heritage Assessment at Dorothy House Hospice, Winsley, Bradford-on-Avon BA15 2LE (centred NGR ST 59788 60796). This work was requested prior to the submission of a planning application on the study area, in order to assess the heritage potential of the study area and the likely impact of any proposed development on identified and potential heritage assets. The project was commissioned by Rackham Planning Ltd. 1.1.2 The application will be for the extension of the existing car parking area, due to the current allocation regularly reaching capacity. It is proposed that a further area will be stripped and paved, including another road access point, currently a gated track entrance, and stepped pedestrian access will be added to link the new area to the existing access to the Hospice. 1.1.3 In accordance with the Standard and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-Based Assessment (Chartered Institute for Archaeologists 2014), this assessment draws together available information on heritage assets, topographic and land-use information so as to establish the potential for archaeological assets within the site. The assessment includes the results an examination of published and unpublished records, aerial photographs and historic maps. 1.2 Site Location and Topography and Land Use (see Figure 1 and 2) 1.2.1 The study area is situated on the southwest edge of the village of Winsley in West Wiltshire, approximately 2.8km west of central Bradford-on-Avon, the site of an ancient river-crossing. It lies on the north bank of the Avon valley on ground which rises to the north, to a plateau of Oolitic Limestone in the Cotswold Hills. West of the site, the river, as well as the Kennet and Avon Canal and a section of the Great Western Railway, curve northwards towards Bath. While the northern side of the Avon valley rises steeply, the southern