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Aboriginal Heritage Impact Assessment

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Aboriginal Heritage Impact Assessment Rockbank Precinct Structure Plan (PSP 1099) Aboriginal Heritage Impact Assessment Sponsor: Growth Areas Authority (Victoria) Authors: Dr Michael Green and Michael Lever Date of Completion: 27th October 2013 Heritage Impact Assessment Aboriginal : 1099) ( P S P Photo Caption (Coverplate): View west across 339-365 Paynes Road, Rockbank (IA 2) (16/5/2013, photographer: Mike Green) R o c k b a n k ii Rockbank Precinct Structure Plan (PSP 1099) Aboriginal Heritage Impact Assessment Sponsor: Growth Areas Authority (Victoria) Authors: Dr Michael Green and Michael Lever Date of Completion: 27th November 2013 iii Heritage Impact Assessment Aboriginal : 1099) ( P S P R o c k b a n k Project Code: RPSP Report Date: 27th November 2013 Status: FINAL iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction This report documents an Aboriginal Heritage Impact Assessment (AHIA) undertaken on behalf of the Growth Areas Authority (Victoria) (GAA) in support of the Rockbank Precinct Structure Plan (PSP 1099). The AHIA reported here conforms to the requirements of the GAA’s recently revised scope and reporting style for the conduct of AHIAs. When is a cultural heritage management plan (CHMP) required? Under reg 6 of the Aboriginal Heritage Regulations 2007 (Vic) (the Regulations), a mandatory CHMP is required for an activity if: all or part of the activity area for the activity is an area of cultural heritage sensitivity; and all or part of the activity is a high impact activity. Is this activity area an area of cultural heritage sensitivity? Yes. The activity area includes areas of cultural heritage sensitivity: The activity area incorporates locations identified as registered Aboriginal cultural heritage places (7822-0287, 7822- 1221, 7822-1395, 7822-2251, 7822-2778, 7822-2779, 7822-2784, 7822-2785, 7822-2786) (see Section 3 below). Under regs 22(1) and 22(2), a registered cultural heritage place and land within 50m of a registered cultural heritage place are areas of cultural heritage sensitivity. Is this activity a high impact activity? Yes. The proposed activity (amendments to a planning scheme in Victoria to allow for the subdivision of land into residential lots) is defined as a high impact activity under as Division 5, reg 46: Subdivision of Land (reg 46) (1) The subdivision of land into three or more lots is a high impact activity if— a) the planning scheme that applies to the activity area in which the land to be subdivided is located provides that at least three of the lots may be used for a dwelling or may be used for a dwelling subject to the grant of a permit; and b) the area of each of at least three of the lots is less than eight hectares. (2) The subdivision of land into three or more lots in an industrial zone is a high impact activity. (3) In this regulation, industrial zone has the same meaning as in the VPP. Given that the bounded area comprising PSP 1099 (the ‘activity area’) includes areas of cultural heritage sensitivity, and that the proposed activity to be undertaken within the activity area is defined as a high impact activity, a mandatory CHMP will therefore be required for the proposed development of the activity area in accordance with the requirements of s 46 of the Act. It should be noted that the AHIA reported here does not constitute a CHMP for the purposes of the Act, and cannot be used for such purposes. However, Sections 1 to 3 of this report have been compiled and presented in accordance with the standards and requirements for a CHMP as specified under reg 57 of the Regulations and relevant Office of Aboriginal Affairs (OAAV) guidelines. Sponsor The sponsor of this report is the Growth Areas Authority (Victoria). Cultural Heritage Advisors This report has been authored by qualified archaeologists and cultural heritage advisors (CHAs), in accordance with s 189 of the Act. The Cultural Heritage Advisors for this report are: Michael Lever – CHA Dr Michael Green – CHA The authors of this report are: Dr Michael Green – Senior Project Manager, Andrew Long + Associates Michael Lever –Project Archaeologist, Andrew Long and Associates Location and Description of the Activity Area The activity area is located in the Shire of Melton, approximately 27km northwest of the Melbourne CBD. The activity area consists of a large parcel of land south of the Western Freeway, north of Greigs Road and east of Paynes Road. It incorporates the Rockbank Railway Station and partially surrounds Rockbank township. The activity area is approximately 740ha in size. The activity area is located within land classified as Urban Growth Zone (UGZ) under the City of Melton Planning Scheme. An area within the central east of the activity area associated with wetlands and natural drainage lines connecting to Kororoit v Creek is zoned UFZ (Urban Flood Zone). Permitted uses of land zoned as either UGZ or UFZ under the City of Melton Planning Scheme are provided in Appendix 2. The activity area can be characterized as a generally level, open plain with an overall topographic relief of approximately 20m, traversed by a number of gently sloped natural drainage line depressions which drain into occasional wetlands or currently dry water bodies, which in the eastern part of the activity area outflowed towards the northeast into other wetlands or water bodies, and eventually into Kororoit Creek (Map 2). Drainage lines in the western portion of the activity area tend to flow into blind wetlands or water bodies. Registered Aboriginal Parties, Applicants and Traditional Owners Aboriginal traditional owner groups with an interest in the activity area are: RAP Status for the activity Organisation Abbreviation area Boon Wurrung Foundation Ltd. BWF Declined Bunurong Land Council Aboriginal Corporation BLCAC Declined Wurundjeri Tribe Land and Compensation Cultural Heritage Council WTLCCHC Under consideration Inc. At the time this assessment was undertaken there were no Registered Aboriginal Parties (RAPs) for the activity area. However, an application for RAP status by the Wurundjeri Tribe Land and Compensation Cultural Heritage Council Inc (WTLCCHC) Heritage Impactcovering Assessment lands which include the activity area is currently under consideration by the Victorian Aboriginal Heritage Council. Applications for RAP status by both the Bunurong Land Council Aboriginal Corporation (BLCAC) and Boon Wurrung Foundation Ltd (BWF) for lands including the activity area were declined on 27 August 2009. A further application by the BLCAC was declined on 1 July 2011. Nevertheless, the Victorian Aboriginal Heritage Council (VAHC) acknowledges that the BLCAC and BWF represent the traditional owners of Bun wurrung country. The Activity Area is located within areas claimed by both the BLCAC and the BWF as their traditional lands. In cases such as this, the VAHC has advised that these two Traditional Owner groups are to be consulted in relation to Aboriginal cultural heritage matters. Aboriginal : Representatives of the WTLCCHC, the BLCAC and the BWF were invited to participate in the landform field survey component of the AHIA. Desktop Assessment 1099) A geographic region extending 2km from the activity area boundary was defined for the present study. The activity area is ( situated on the Stony Undulating Plains of the Western District in Victoria. The underlying geology of the activity area is unnamed sheet flow basalt, containing deposits of basalt, minor scoria and ash. The pre-1750 vegetation across the activity P S P area consisted of plains grassland and chenopod shrublands of the Victorian Volcanic Plain bioregion. Eight previously recorded Aboriginal cultural heritage places are located within the activity area, and a further 34 Aboriginal cultural heritage places within 2km of the activity area across the broader geographic region. All of the places are stone artefact scatters or isolated stone artefacts. The study area is located within the language group of the Woi wurrung, the group that occupied the basins of the Yarra and Maribyrnong Rivers. Two Woi wurrung clans were most likely closely associated with the Rockbank region: the Kurung jang R o c k b a n k balug, who principally identified with the Werribee River and Mount Cottrell to the immediate south of the activity area, and the Marin balug associated with Kororoit Creek and the area around Sunbury. Both were of the Waa (crow) moiety. Previous archaeological research within the geographic region notes common predictions as to the likely occurrence of Aboriginal archaeological places within the activity area. Scarred trees are unlikely to survive in areas cleared for agriculture, but may be present where native vegetation has persisted, particularly in watercourse or water body reserves. Artefact scatters are most likely to occur in the immediate vicinity of waterways and water bodies, with the frequency, size and density of scatters decreasing with distance from water. Where watercourses are surrounded by shallow valleys and floodplains, higher density scatters may occur on these plains at greater than usual distance from water. On the basalt plains away from water, isolated and low density artefact scatters may occur at low to very low densities. The results of predictive model developed by Long et al. (2010) characterising the likelihood of occurrence of Aboriginal cultural heritage places across the GAA’s West Growth Area (including the activity area) are discussed. The character map produced by the predictive model displays a pattern indicating higher cultural heritage place densities along creeks, water bodies and around points of elevation, with comparative lower densities across broader, flatter plains remote from water bodies, which concords with the known distribution of cultural heritage places. The European settlement and use of the wider region of the activity area has progressed in an initially rapid but uneven manner. Most land in the region has for most of the historical period been used for pastoral or cropping purposes with some, more intensive activities including dairy and vegetable farming occurring where proximity to water has permitted this.
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