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2016 5-Year Review: Summary & Evaluation of Ozette Lake Sockeye

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2016 5-Year Review: Summary & Evaluation of Ozette Lake Sockeye 2016 5-Year Review: Summary & Evaluation of Ozette Lake Sockeye National Marine Fisheries Service West Coast Region Portland, OR U.S. Department of Commerce I National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration I National Marine Fisheries Service This page intentionally left blank 5-Year Review: Ozette Lake NOAA Fisheries 5-Year Review: Ozette Lake Species Species Reviewed Evolutionarily Significant Unit Sockeye Salmon Ozette Lake Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) i 5-Year Review: Ozette Lake NOAA Fisheries This page intentionally left blank ii 5-Year Review: Ozette Lake NOAA Fisheries Table of Contents 1 ∙ GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Background on salmonid listing determinations ............................................................ 1 1.2 METHODOLOGY USED TO COMPLETE THE REVIEW .............................................................................. 2 1.3 BACKGROUND - SUMMARY OF PREVIOUS REVIEWS, STATUTORY AND REGULATORY ACTIONS, AND RECOVERY PLANNING ................................................................................................................................. 3 1.3.1 Federal Register Notice announcing initiation of this review ......................................... 3 1.3.2 Listing history .................................................................................................................. 3 1.3.3 Associated rulemakings ................................................................................................... 3 1.3.4 Review History ................................................................................................................. 4 1.3.5 Species’ Recovery Priority Number at Start of 5-year Review Process ............................ 4 1.3.6 Recovery Plan or Outline ................................................................................................. 5 2 ∙ REVIEW ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................. 7 2.1 DELINEATION OF SPECIES UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT .......................................................... 7 2.1.1 Summary of relevant new information regarding delineation of Ozette Lake sockeye salmon ESU ...................................................................................................................... 7 ESU/DPS Boundaries ............................................................................................................................................................ 7 Membership of Hatchery Programs .................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 RECOVERY CRITERIA..................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1 Does the species have a final, approved recovery plan containing objective, measurable criteria? ........................................................................................................ 9 2.2.2 Adequacy of recovery criteria .......................................................................................... 9 2.2.3 List the recovery criteria as they appear in the recovery plan ........................................ 9 2.3 UPDATED INFORMATION AND CURRENT SPECIES’ STATUS ................................................................. 11 2.3.1 Analysis of VSP Criteria (including discussion of whether recovery criteria have been met) ................................................................................................................................ 12 Updated Biological Risk Summary ................................................................................................................................. 12 2.3.2 Five-Factor Analysis ....................................................................................................... 12 Listing Factor A: Present or threatened destruction, modification or curtailment of its habitat or range ........................ 12 Current Status and Trends in Habitat ............................................................................................................................ 13 Listing Factor A Conclusion............................................................................................................................................ 16 Listing Factor B: Overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific, or educational purposes.................................. 16 Harvest .......................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Research and Monitoring .............................................................................................................................................. 17 Listing Factor B Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................ 17 Listing Factor C: Disease or Predation ............................................................................................................................... 18 iii 5-Year Review: Ozette Lake NOAA Fisheries Listing Factor C Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................ 18 Listing Factor D: Inadequacy of existing regulatory mechanisms ..................................................................................... 19 Listing Factor D Conclusion: .......................................................................................................................................... 19 Listing Factor E: Other natural or manmade factors affecting its continued existence .................................................... 19 Climate Change (NWFSC 2015) ..................................................................................................................................... 19 Terrestrial and Ocean Conditions and Marine Survival (NWFSC 2015) ......................................................................... 21 Hatchery Impacts .......................................................................................................................................................... 23 Listing Factor E Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................ 23 Other Recommendations .................................................................................................................................................. 24 Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation .......................................................................................................................... 24 2.4 SYNTHESIS ............................................................................................................................... 25 2.4.1 DPS Delineation and Hatchery Membership ................................................................. 26 2.4.2 ESU/DPS Viability and Statutory Listing Factors ........................................................... 26 3 ∙ RESULTS .......................................................................................................................... 27 3.1 CLASSIFICATION ........................................................................................................................ 27 Listing status:................................................................................................................................................................. 27 ESU Delineation: ............................................................................................................................................................ 27 Hatchery Membership: ................................................................................................................................................. 27 3.2 NEW RECOVERY PRIORITY NUMBER .............................................................................................. 27 4 ∙ RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE ACTIONS ................................................................... 29 5 ∙ REFERENCES.................................................................................................................... 31 5.1 FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICES ........................................................................................................ 31 5.2 LITERATURE CITED ..................................................................................................................... 32 iv 5-Year Review: Ozette Lake NOAA Fisheries This page intentionally left blank v 5-Year Review: Ozette Lake NOAA Fisheries Contributors West Coast Region Northwest Fisheries (alphabetical) Science Center (alphabetical) Nora Berwick 1201 NE Lloyd Blvd, Suite 1100 Mike J. Ford, PhD Portland, OR 97232 2725 Montlake Blvd East 503-231-6887 East Building [email protected] Seattle, WA 98112-2097 206-860-5612 Mitch Dennis [email protected] 510 Desmond Drive SE, Suite 103 Lacey, WA 98503-1263 Martin Lierman 360-753-9580 2725 Montlake Blvd East [email protected] East Building Seattle, WA 98112-2097 Shanna Dunn 206-860-6781 1201
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