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Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) April 2019

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Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) April 2019 Ministry of Water Resources, Irrigation & Electricity Drinking Water & Sanitation Unit (DWSU) Sudan Project Title: WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT North & South Kordofan States Sudan (women and girls look after goats and sheep in the project area) Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) April 2019 Prepared for the Ministry of Water Resources, Government of Sudan by: Dr. Hamid Omer Ali Water and Environment Consultant +249912211588 Khartoum Email: [email protected] 1 Ministry of Water Resources, Irrigation & Electricity Drinking Water & Sanitation Unit (DWSU) Sudan Project Title: WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROJECT North & Soudan Kordofan States Sudan Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) April 2019 Hamid Omer Ali Water & environment consultant Khartoum, Sudan Email: [email protected] 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Content # i. list of Figures 4 ii. list of Tables 4 iii. Acronyms 5 1.INTRODUCTION 6 1.1 Background 6 1.2 Objectives of the ESMP 10 1,3 Scope of the ESMP 10 1,4 Contents of the ESMP 10 2.METHODS AND APPROACHES of ESMP 11 2.1 Review of the relevant documents 11 2.2 stakeholders, consultation and mapping 12 3,SUSTAINABLE RURAL WATER AND SANITATION PROJECT FOR NORTH AND SOUTH KORDOFAN 13 3,1 Objectives and outcomes of the Project 13 3.2 Description of the Project 13 3.2.1 Componets of water and sanitation for resilience and Stability 14 3.2.2 Management of the project 21 4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE INFORMATION 21 4.1 National Perspective 21 4.2 General Setting of the Project Area 24 4.2.1 Location 24 4.2.2 climate, soil and vegetation,. 26 4.2.3 Livelihoods 29 4.2.4 Water resources 31 4.2.5 Water supply 33 4.2.6 Health and sanitation 35 4.2.7Education 36 5. LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 37 5.1 General 37 5.2 Land regulations 38 5.3 Customary Land Tenure 38 5.4 Other Acts 38 5.5 Donor Requirements 39 5.6 Relevant International Environmental Agreements ratified by Sudan 39 6. BENEFITS and ADVERSE IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT ACTIVITIES 39 6.1 Benefits 39 6.2 Adverse impacts 40 7. ENHANCEMENT/MITIGATION MEASURES AND COMPLEMENTARY INITIATIVES 40 7.1 Enhancement 40 7.2 Categorization of project activities 40 8. CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE 42 8.1 Public Consultation 42 8.2 Disclosure 43 9.RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 43 10.MONITORING and INSTUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 45 10.1 Monitoring 45 10.2 Institutional arrangements 47 10.3 Reporting arrangements 48 3 10.4 Training and Capacity building 49 11. PROPOSED BUDGET 51 12.CONCLUSION 51 Annex (1,1) List of people met and consulted 53 Annex (6.1) Project potential impacts and mitigation measures 55 i. List of Figures Fig# Caption Fig (1.1) Location map Fig (1.2) Location map showing alignments of the two proposed water transfer lines in North south Kordofan sates. Fig (1.3) El Basheri (Bara basin )– Al Mazroub pipeline Fig (1.4) El Nuhud – El Debibat – Hamadi pipeline Fig (2.1) Stakeholders consultations and meetings Fig (3.1) Alignment of El Basheri – al Mazroub water transfer pipeline (not to scale) Fig (3.2) Section of a typical Hafir Fig (3.3 ) Layout of a small capacity compact water treatment plant Fig (3.4) A typical layout of water yard Fig (3.5) School built of straws in the project area Fig (4.1) Sudan climatic zones Fig (4.2) Sudan water demand projection for different uses Fig (4.3) Sudan population projection Fig (4.4) Monthly average temperature and precipitation in Dilling and el Obeid towns Fig (4.5) Annual rainfall and trend in El Obeid and Dilling towns showing north – South declining trend Fig (4.6) Soil types in the project area Fig (4.7) Drainage pattern of the project area. Fig (4.8) Women and girls look after goats and sheep in the project area. Fig (4.9) Livestock consume more than 40% of the produced water in the project area. Fig (4.10) Geological map of the project area, Fig (4.11) Small dams built across khor Abu Habil need rehabilitation and water treatment for drinking Fig (4.12) A functional solar power- driven borehole (water yard) in the project area. ii. list of tables Table # Title (2.1) Project objectives and interrelated attributes (4.1) Availability of water resources in Sudan (4.2) Population indicators in the project area (4.3) Sources of income in the project area. (4.4) Crop yields in the project area. (4.5) Water supply facilities in the project area. (4.6) Average distances to water supply sources , time spent, consumption rate and family expenditure (4.7) Health facilities in the project area. (4.8) Education facilities in the project area. (7.1) Categorization of project activities in accordance with the Bank Oss. (10.1) Main monitoring indicators of the project activities (10.2) Roles and responsibilities of institutions for implementation of ESMP and monitoring of the project activities (10.3) Reports, their main themes , frequency , responsibilities and dissemination (10.4) Proposed training topics for project stakeholders (11.1) Estimated cost for mitigation and monitoring of resultant impacts and i (12.1) Summary of impact resulting from the proposed interventions and proposed mitigation 4 iii. Acronyms ADF African Development Fund CBOs Community –based organizations CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement AfDB African Development Bank CPPR Country Portfolio Performance Review CSP Country Strategy Paper DIU Dam Implementation Unit DP Development Partners DWSU Drinking Water and Sanitation Unit EARC East Africa Resource Centre ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment GDP Gross Domestic Product GWWD Groundwater and Wadis Directorate HAC Humanitarian Aid Commission HCPENR High Council for Protection of environment and Natural Resources GOS Government of Sudan IFAC International Federation of Accountants IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management LCD Liter Per Capita per Day l/c/d Liter per capita day MEFPD Ministry of Environment , Forestry and Physical Development M&E Monitoring and Evaluation Mm3 Million cubic meter NGOs Non-government Organization NkS North Kordofan state MIC-TAF Middle Income Country Technical Assistance Fund MTNDS Medium Term National Development Strategy MWRIE Ministry of Water Resources Irrigation and Electricity MTR Mid-Term Review PCN Project Concept Note PCR Project Completion Report PIS Program Investment strategy PIT Project Implementation Unit PPP Public Private Partnership PUC Public Utilities Company SIDS Small Island Developing State SKS South Kordofan State SWC State Water Corporation SLL Sustainable Lending Limit SRC Sudanese Red Crescent ToR Terms of Reference UA Unit of Account UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNE United Nations Environment UNOPS United Nations Office for project services 5 1.INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Background The study entitled “ Southern Shiekan Livelihood, Peace and Youth Empowerment Project” conducted by the Government of Sudan ( (October 2017) under the auspices of the Drought Recovery Project (MFED, Sudan) identified shortage of water and sanitation as one of the key elements that underpin the livelihood and socioeconomic conditions of the population in the two adjacent localities ; Sheikan locality ( North Kordofan} and Algoz locality in South Kordofan. The main identified areas are Alloba, Al Birka and Kazgail in Sheikan Locality in addition to Al Mazroub area of west Bara locality of North Kordofan State; and Al Debibat and Al Hamadi in Algoz Locality of South Kordofan State (Fig.1.1). The two localities (Sheikan and Algoz) as well as Al Mazroub Administrative Unit (West Bara locality (Fig.1.2)) form the project area discussed in this document. Despite having rich potential in land, seasonal streams, livestock, gum Arabic, and road linkages to the project area via El Obeid town (the capital of North Kordofan State) and down to Kadugli town (the capital of South Kordofan state), the project area, particularly Al Mazroub Administrative Unit are facing considerable problems classifyied among the poorest and food insecure areas in the country due to low rainfall, shortage in water supply, drought, desertification and man-made environmental deterioration. The project area is also exposed to natural resource conflict, namely land and water, between settled farmers and nomads due to competition of the two on limited water and /or pasture resources during the dry months (January to June) or encroachment of the nomads into the farmers’ rain-fed cultivated lands during the growing and preharvest periods. Based on the results of the need assessment in Sheikan and Algoz localities(in North and South Kordofan States ) the government of Sudan and the AfDB have identified and proposed this ” Water Supply and Sanitation Project” to be implemented in Sheikan locality, Al Mazroub Administrative Unit (West Bara locality) of North Kordofan state, and Algoz locality of South Kordofan State (Figs 1.3 and 1.4). The objective of the project is to empower poor households including nomads in the mentioned (project) areas through provision of reliable water and sanitation services. The rationale for proposing this project hinges on the following viewpoints ➢ In North and South Kordofan States, sustainable water and sanitation service delivery is a critical factor in avoiding inter and intra state conflicts over natural resources between farmers and pastoralists. Water and sanitation services in the proposed project area will also contribute to greater gender equality, social cohesion and improved social services such as education and health care, increases in school enrollment, reduction in school’s dropouts (especially girls), increases in productivity, reductions in water related diseases and expenditure on water and health services. In addition, improved water infrastructure and services are crucial for building resilient societies in the face of increasing climate risks and otherwise low adaptive capacities against them. ➢ The proposed project aligns with the priorities of: (i) North Kordofan and South Kordofan WASH strategies which prioritize WASH services.
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