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Why buy a single stock when you can invest in the entire sector? BENEFITS INCLUDE: - S&P 500 Components - The all-day tradability of stocks CHICAGO PILE-1 … - The diversifi cation of mutual funds - Liquidity - Total transparency - Expenses - 0.14%** INQUIRY … BELLOW’S PAPERS … FANTASTIC BEASTS … MARTIN LUTHER … FIRST AMENDMENT SCHOLAR HEALTH CARE Sector SPDR ETF Top 10 Holdings* Company Name Symbol Weight XLV Johnson & Johnson JNJ 11.45% Pfi zer PFE 6.50% Unitedhealth UNH 6.21% Merck MRK 5.61% Amgen AMGN 4.20% AbbVie ABBV 3.85% Medtronic MDT 3.56% Gilead Sciences GILD 3.51% *Components and weightings Celgene CELG 3.48% as of 8/31/17. Please see website for daily updates. Bristol-Myers Squibb BMY 3.22% Holdings subject to change. Visit www.sectorspdrs.com or call 1-866-SECTOR-ETF An investor should consider investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses carefully before investing. To obtain a prospectus, which contains this and other information, call 1-866-SECTOR-ETF or visit www.sectorspdrs.com. Read the prospectus carefully before investing. The S&P 500, SPDRs®, and Select Sector SPDRs® are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC. and have been licensed for use. The stocks included in each Select Sector Index were selected by the compilation agent. Their composition and weighting can be expected to di er to that in any similar indexes that are published by S&P. The S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged index of 500 common stocks that is generally considered representative of the U.S. stock market. The index is heavily weighted toward stocks with large market capitalizations and represents approximately two-thirds of the total market value of all domestic common stocks. Investors cannot invest directly in an index. The S&P 500 Index figures do not reflect any fees, expenses or taxes. Ordinary brokerage commissions apply. ETFs are considered transparent because their portfolio holdings are disclosed daily. Liquidity is characterized by a high level of trading activity. Select Sector SPDRs are subject to risks similar to those of stocks, including those regarding short-selling and margin account maintenance. All ETFs are subject to risk, including possible loss of principal. Funds focusing on a single sector generally experience greater volatility. Diversification does not eliminate the risk of experiencing investment losses. **Gross & Net Expenses are the same – 0.14%. FALL 2017 ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., a registered broker-dealer, is distributor for the Select Sector SPDR Trust. FALL 2017, VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 UCH_FALL2017 cover and spine_vFinal.indd 1 10/17/17 3:31 PM 171101_SPDR_IvyChicago.indd 1 9/13/17 10:06 AM TOC_Fall17_v3.indd 1 10/24/17 2:34 PM Features 22 CORE STORIES The story of the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction is one of science, of war, and of people. FALL 2017 34 ELEMENTAL VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 The subject of controversy when it was commissioned, Nuclear Energy has become a constant in the UChicago landscape. By Erin Hogan, AM’91, PhD’99 36 AN ARCHIVE, CHICAGO BORN What is it like to sort through the papers of one of America’s most celebrated writers? By Susie Allen, AB’09 42 MAMMALS LIKE US Two newly discovered species bring humans closer to understanding our lineage. By Ingrid Gonçalves, AB’08 Plus: “Maroon Menagerie.” 48 FIRST PRINCIPLES Constitutional scholar Sonja R. West, JD’98, on press freedom and its future. By Carrie Golus, AB’91, AM’93 50 REFORMER REVISITED Remembering Martin Luther’s far-reaching legacy 500 years after the 95 Theses. By Martin E. Marty, PhD’56 53 SPECIAL SECTION: INQUIRY News from the Physical Sciences Division. Departments 3 EDITOR’S NOTES Chain Reflections: Remembering Chicago Pile-1.By Laura Demanski, AM’94 4 LETTERS Readers celebrate the legacy of Philip Gossett; advocate wetland restoration; correct a grotesque error; don’t want nobody nobody sent; and more. 7 ON THE AGENDA Serious inquiry, engaged scholarship. By Laurie Zoloth 9 UCHICAGO JOURNAL Nuclear Thresholds, an Gaming Orientation Week; a mathematician takes up the fight against installation piece by gerrymandering; teaching debate to eight-year-olds; reading Tyehimba Jess’s Ogrydziak Prillinger (AB’91) contrapuntal poems; robots with opinions; and more. Architects, evokes the 69 PEER REVIEW complex legacy spiraling In the alumni essay, collector and self-proclaimed “Twainiac” Ivan Kane, out from the Chicago AB’78, JD’81, remembers Mark Twain’s friendship with University of Chicago Pile-1 experiment—see professor Elizabeth Wallace. Plus: Alumni News, Deaths, and Classifieds. “Core Stories,” page 22, and “Elemental,” page 96 LITE OF THE MIND 34. Photography by The best medicine: Pritzker student Shirlene Obuobi takes a comic approach Drone Media Chicago. to medical school. By Laura Demanski, AM’94 See the print issue of the University of Chicago Magazine, web-exclusive content, and links to our Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram accounts at mag.uchicago.edu. the university of chicago magazine | fall 2017 1 TOC_Fall17_v4.indd 2 10/24/17 4:25 PM llinois governor Bruce Rauner and Chicago mayor illustration bywexford science and technology Rahm Emanuel joined President Robert J. Zimmer I at the October 19 announcement of the University photography by jean lachat; architectural of Chicago’s partnership with the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to develop and commercialize new technology addressing society’s greatest challenges, from fighting cancer to producing clean water. A new and expanded Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation (see rendering above) will house the initiative, which will initially focus on advanced analytics and advanced materials. At left, John Flavin, UChicago associate vice president for entrepreneurship and innovation and head of the Polsky Center (left), with University of Illinois chancellor Robert J. Jones. UCH_Wallpaper_v1.indd 2 10/24/17 2:30 PM EDITORˆS NOTES Volume 110, Number 1, Fall 2017 editor Laura Demanski, AM’94 Chain reflections senior editor Mary Ruth Yoe associate editor Susie Allen, AB’09 BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94 art director Guido Mendez senior copy editor Rhonda L. Smith student interns Kaitlyn Akin, ’19; Christopher Good, ’19 graphic designer Laura Lorenz lite of the mind & interactive content editor Joy Olivia Miller contributing editors John Easton, AM’77; Carrie Golus, AB’91, AM’93; Brooke E. O’Neill, AM’04; Amy Braverman Puma Editorial Office The University of Chicago Magazine, 5235 South Harper Court, Suite hen the world trans- Richard Rhodes. Rhodes’s celebrated 500, Chicago, IL 60615. telephone 773.702.2163; fax 773.702.8836; formed 75 years ago book The Making of the Atomic Bomb email [email protected]. this December, only (Simon & Schuster, 1986) provided The Magazine is sent to all University of a few people knew my education—and many of yours, no Chicago alumni. The University of Chicago it. The pursuit of the doubt—in the thread of science and Alumni Association has its offices at 5235 South Harper Court, 7th Floor, Chicago, first self-sustaining, world history for which December IL 60615. telephone 773.702.2150; controlled nuclear 2, 1942, was a pivotal marker. We are fax 773.702.2166. address changes chain reaction had proud to publish a new essay by Rhodes 800.955.0065 or [email protected]. been a closely guard- here, on the uneasy relationship be- web mag.uchicago.edu ed secret on the tween the experiment’s two princi- The University of Chicago Magazine UChicago campus, pal architects, Enrico Fermi and Leo (ISSN-0041-9508) is published quarterly run under cover of the Metallurgical Szilard (“Clashing Colleagues,” page (Fall, Winter, Spring, Summer) by the Laboratory as Enrico Fermi and his 24). It illustrates how inseparable the University of Chicago in cooperation W with the Alumni Association, 5235 South colleagues raced against Hitler’s physi- thinking that pushes science forward is Harper Court, 7th Floor, Chicago, IL cists to unlock nuclear power. from the personalities—strengths and 60615. Published continuously since 1907. As pure science, their achievement frailties alike—of the thinkers. Periodicals postage paid at Chicago and additional mailing offices.postmaster was astonishing. As applied science, Fermi and Szilard were only two of Send address changes to The University of of course, it was and remains an am- hundreds whose curiosity, passion, Chicago Magazine, Alumni Records, 5235 bivalent milestone. and ingenuity created the chain reac - South Harper Court, Chicago, IL 60615. This fall the University of Chicago tion. In four short profiles we look at © 2017 University of Chicago. community is hosting and inviting how Szilard and a handful of others Advertising Contact uchicago-magazine public reflections on Chicago Pile-1 with UChicago ties came to join the @uchicago.edu. The Magazine is also and its complex legacy, and so is the Manhattan Project and where their a member of the Ivy League Magazine Magazine. The University’s commem- paths led. We then turn to four current Network, whose clients include other colleges and universities. These orative series of events, Nuclear Reac- faculty members who are grappling advertisements help the Magazine continue tions—1942: A Historic Breakthrough, with the experiment’s repercussions to deliver news of the University of Chicago an Uncertain Future (see mag.uchicago today, from life-saving medical tech- and its alumni to readers. Please contact the .edu/cp1-events), brings lectures and nology to life-threatening radiation editor with any questions. ivy league magazine network colloquia to campus as well as cul- exposure and risks of nuclear war Heather Wedlake, Director of Operations tural events, including the premiere (“Pioneers and Inheritors,” page 26). web ivymags.com of an original composition by Univer- The making of Henry Moore’s email [email protected] telephone 617.319.0995 sity Professor Augusta Read Thomas, sculpture Nuclear Energy is the subject “Plea for Peace,” during the culmi- of “Elemental” (page 34), marking nating program December 1 and 2 at the 50th anniversary of its dedication the Reynolds Club and the William on the site of the reaction.