''J

Vol. XVI No. 1 January, 1961 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

I FAIRFAX MANSIONS, 0//ice and Consulting Hours: FINCHLEY ROAD (Corner Fairlax Road), LONDON, N.W.3 Monday to Thursday 10 a.m.—I p.m. 3—i p.m Telephone: MAIda Vala 9096'7 IGaneral Office) Friday 10 a.m.—I p.m. MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency and Social Servicet Dept.)

AUSTRIAN PAPER ATTACKS A NEW PHASE ERICH LUETH The Struggle for Indemnification of Austrian Nazi Victims During a recent stay in Israel, Erich Lueth, the The patience of the victims of Nazi persecu­ State of Israel, and the Claims Conference Director of the Press Office in Hamburg and one of the most determined fighters for a genuine tion in and from Austria has been sorely tried culminated in a comprehensive indemnifica­ understanding between Christians and Jews, in by the way in which their claims for indemni­ tion legislation in favour of the Nazi victims an interview published in the Jerusalem Post. fication have been treated. Piecemeal legisla­ in and from Germany. As a matter of prin­ commented on Austria's failure to compensate her tion provided some benefits to certain ciple, the Austrian Nazi victims were excluded Nazi victims. " The most damaging gap in our categories, but the principal demands for a from the range of beneficiaries. reparations is the non-payment to Jewish sur­ measure of compensation for the losses suffered Hardened by their disappointing experiences, vivors from Austria. The historical truth is that by the members of the Jewish community of the Jewish Nazi victims from Austria, there­ Hitler was welcomed as Fuehrer by miUions of Austria have not yet been met, although fifteen Austrians. The S.S. and the concentration camps fore, note with cautious optimism that nego­ were staffed with many Austrians, as active as years have passed since the liberation of the tiations have been initiated between the Ger­ countr>' by the Allied Powers. their German henchmen in the persecution of man and Austrian Governments on a German Jews. Without them, persecution on so vast a Both the Austrian and German Federal contribution to the expenses Austria will have scale would have been impossible. Austria robbed Republics have been unwilling to accept, or to incur when enacting her long-promised legis­ Jewish property and destroyed Jewish lives. It is even to share, responsibility for the acts of lation providing compensation for the main intolerable and di^onest for Austria to dodge her maltreatment and spoliation to which Austrian categories of losses suffered by the Austrian share of responsibility in what was done." Nazi victims. Particular care will have to be Jews were subjected during the Nazi period. The spirit still prevailing in some sections of The surviving Jewish victims of Nazi persecu­ taken that the Jewish survivors from Austria the Austrian population is reflected in the follow­ tion have thus become also the victims of a now living abroad, numbering well over 90,000, ing attack on Mr. Lueth's statement, published in refusal of two States which succeeded to the obtain a fair deal. The inclination of Austrian the Salzburger Volksblatt, which speaks for heritage of the Third Reich to render justice politicians to discriminate against the itself : 'o a group which suffered from Austrian and " emigres" has proved a serious obstacle to " Wir Oesterreicher werden es verschmerzen, German hands and whose assets "disappeared" a satisfactory settlement of the Jewish claims. was der Hamburger Senator ofiFenbar in dem in the Austrian, as well as in the German, The principle of non-discrimination in Austrian Bestreben verzapft, die Butter von seinem economy. Austria's jwlitical leaders have post-war legislation, as far as the Jewish Nazi eigenen Kopf wegzubringen. Es rundet nur scin shown a strong disinclination to face the issue victims from Austria are affected, was explicitly Charakterbild, wenn er dem deutschen Vok einc °f collective responsibility. No attempt has accepted by the Austrian Federal Chancellor Kollektivschuld aniastet, von der sich dieser ti^n made by them to follow the example of Raab as a first concession when negotiations schaebige Schlaumeier durch parterreakrobatische President Heuss and to instil in the Austrian between the Austrian Government and the Kunststuecke zu befreien versucht". people a feeling of collective shame for the Committee for Jewish Claims on Austria, The same paper had already previously adopted crimes committed against the Jews by a con­ headed by Dr. Nahum Goldmann, started in a hostile attitude to foreign Jewish holiday- siderable section of the population. 1953. The basic principle must be applied makers who had objected to a piece of popular without qualification in any arrangement made art demonstrating anti-Semitic sentiments : It will be remembered that in 1938 the with the intention to benefit the Austrian Jewish " We do not care for Jewish foreigners who ^ustrians enthusiastically welcomed their victims of National-Socialist jjersecution. come to Salzburg apparently not in order to fellow-countryman Adolf Hitler, when he recuperate but to ascertain with satisfaction that liberated " their country and made it a part F.L.B. we are still ' Nazis '." ^ his Greater German Reich. During the r'azi era the Austrians played their full part 'n the persecution, humiliation and spoliation TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF ZENTRALRAT of the Jews. Once more liberated—^by the Allied Powers—in 1945, they adopted the atti­ On the occasion of the tenth anniversary cele­ Jewish Jife in Germany and the establishment of tude of a poor innocent victim of wicked Ger- brations in Berlin of the Central Council of Jews the Central Council were expressions of the con­ in Germany, the representative body of the Jewish fidence German Jews placed in the determination [Tian aggression—very conveniently disregard- communities in the German Federal Republic, of responsible German leaders to build up a truly 'ng their contribution to the German war effort, Chancellor Dr. Adenauer sent a message of con­ democratic German State. r'or the victims of Nazi persecution—above all, gratulation. He especially lauded the contribution Dr. van Dam, Secretary-General of the Central the Jewish survivors—the new Austrian Repub- of the Council towards the efforts of German- Council, referring to the anti-Semitic incidents at 'c has shown a minimum of consideration. Jewish reconciliation. He also welcomed the fact the beginning of I960, declared that German Jews that Berlin had been chosen as the venue of the would not let themselves be intimidated by such LegislatioD on Meagre Scale conference, because, for generations, Jews had excesses. A revival of Nazism would mean certain taken an important part in the political and and total chaos for Germany. He also stressed Legislation to indemnify these victims has cultural life of that city. that, whilst the Zentralrat joined hands with !^n on a meagre, miserly scale, while the The opening ceremony of the conference was other fighters for democracy, it did not wish to , rehabilitation of the Austrian Nazis has addressed by Herr Ernst Lemmer, the Federal play the role of a " praeceptor Germaniae", a beie n carried out with eagerness and speed. Minister for All-German Affairs, who extended teacher of Germany, He appealed to the Jews J>tistria has still failed to live up to her obliga- greetings on behalf of the Federal President. Dr. in Germany to be aware of their public duties as Luebke, and the Federal Government. He German citizens. ml "°<^^rta'^«n under the State Treaty of expressed satisfaction at the rehabilitation of Jeanette Wolff, Berlin Member of Parliament, .. ^5, to make provision by legislation for the Jewish life in Germany, and said that fortunately referred to opposition from abroad in the early Persecuted minority groups "; nor has she yet Nazi plans to extinguish all traces of Jewish con­ post-war years to setting up Jewish communities and ^ a Property Restoration Fund as formally tributions to the spiritual and cultural developinent in Germany again. This, she said, had only led to ft ^xpressly provided by her Agreement with of the Gennan people through the ages had failed. positive initiative. The German Jewish community ;-^,°ritish, American and French Governments Senator Joachim Lipschitz, who spoke on was a bridge between Jews everywhere. in 1959 behalf of the City of Berlin, recalled that the At the actual conference of the Zentralrat's Nazis had never succeeded in conquering the Board, a wide range of subjects was covered. It ine political and moral climate for obtain- hearts of all Berliners and that now, so far as was particularly remarkable that the Conference ^^ '".ecompense for the losses suffered by the only town, Berlin had honoured courageous dealt not only with political, legal and financial to Jewry has thus been less conducive citizens who had assisted the Jewirfi persecutees. problems but that ways and means of intensifying neo^"?^^^^ th^n the atmosphere in which the The President of the West Berlin Jewish com­ cultural work and religious education also played aOtiations conducted between Germany, the munity, Herr Heinz Galinski, said the revival of a prominent part in the deliberations. Page 2 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 FROM THE GERMAIN SCEl^E COMPENSATIOIS ISEWS

WAR CRIMINALS' PENSIONS TREATMENT OF NAZI VICTIMS INVESTIGATION OF HEYDE CASE CRITICISED According to a statement of Secretary of State A Parliamentary Investigation Committee in Georg Anders of the Federal Ministry of the Over the signatures of Professor Norman Bent­ Interior, the Bonn Government is to take legis­ Kiel is investigating charges that State officials in Schleswig-Holstein had for several years known wich, Lord Chorley and Mr. John Foster, Q.C , lative steps to stop those guilty of Nazi crimes M.P., a letter was published in The Times of against humanity receiving pensions. that Dr. Wemer Heyde, the Nazi euthanasia December 7, which regrets the contrast between doctor, was living at Flensburg under the name the "spirit of Refugee Year and the harsh and This arises from the restoration of a pension of of Dr. Sawade. DM. 2,900 per month to Dr. Franz Schlegelberger, narrow legalistic attitude towards one class of former State Secretary in the Nazi Ministry of refugees from persecution ". Justice. Schlegelberger had been sentenced to NO BAN ON GERMAN REICHSPARTEI " Some months ago" the letter says " there life imprisonment at the Nuremberg trials in 1947, was strong criticism in the House of Commons but was released in 1952 because of his health. The Rhineland Pfalz Government had pro­ of the imposition of British income tax on annual His pension was revoked by the Schleswig- hibited the German Reichspartei on the grounds payments made by the German Government to Holstein Minister of Finance in September, 1959. that it was the successor organisation to the victims of Nazi oppression on account of com­ In October, 1959, the Schleswig-Holstein Adminis­ Socialist Reichspartei banned by the Supreme pensation for loss of life or career but the trative Court, to which Schlegelberger appealed, Court in 1952. The Rhineland Pfalz administra­ Chancellor of the Exchequer refused to make any temporarily awarded him with a pension of tive court to which the Party appealed decided concessions." DM. 1,250 per month, and now, in its final against the han, pointing out that the ban could The main object of the letter is the policy of decision, it has restored him the full pension. only be pronounced by the Federal Constitutional the Administrator of Enemy Property which, by The Minister of Finance has lodged an appeal Court and not by the State Ministry of the a narrow interpretation, excludes Nazi victims against this decision. Interior. from recovering their sequestrated assets if they The Ansbach Court has rejected a claim for were not in a concentration camp but were restoration of a pension by Frau Charlotte Illner, DR. GLOBKE CARRIES ON deprived of their liberty by having been com­ wife of a former Nazi " People's Court" official. pelled to live in restricted areas or to wear the Up to March last, Frau Illner received about •yellow star". The present policy also excludes Government circles jn Bonn have denied reports victims who were only able to leave a country £6,800. that Dr. Hans Globke, State Secretary at the Dr. Ernst Lautz, the former Nazi Chief Prose­ on the other side of the Iron Curtain after Federal Chancellory, would retire in the near December 31, 1947. The writers of the letter cutor at the " People's Court", was in 1958 future owing to ill-health. It is understood he deprived of his rights as a civil servant but granted express fhe hope of securing a change of a will stay in office at least until the general eleciions practice "which seems contrary to fairness and a pension which has been paid since September later in the year. 15th, 1959, at the rate of about £50 per month. good sense as well as to the British tradition of Lautz was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment The East German Communist authorities befriending victims of religious and racial for Nazi crimes at Nuremberg in December, recently charged Dr. Globke with active participa­ persecution ". 1947, of which he served nearly six years. Since tion in Nazi measures against the Jews. Dr. 1956, 14 separate inquiries were instituted into his Globke was a senior official of the Nazi Ministry BERUFSENTSCHAEDIGUNG FUER past. All legal inquiries have now been closed of the Interior and in 1935 wrote a commentary following a Schleswig court decision that in cases to the infamous Nuremberg racial laws. " GEMISCHT-DOPPELVERDIENER where a deed has been investigated by an Allied Entscheiduns des Bundescerichtshofs Military Court, Cerman courts no longer have NAMES OF NAZI JUDGES DISCOVERED jurisdiction. Der Bunde&gcrichtshof in Karlsrtihe hat in A scrutinisation of the recently found files of einem Urteil vom 11. Maj 1960 IV 2 R 165/59 ENQUIRY AT DACHAU the Volksgericht in Berlin (see our previous issue) eine Entscheidung gefaellt, wonach einem Ver­ has resulted in the identification of several hundred folgten, der gleichzeitig in seinem Einkommen Lord Russell of Liverpool, British prosecutor names of judges and prosecutors involved in the aus eincm Beamtenverhaeltnis und aus einer at the Nuremberg trials, recently visited Dachau proceedings. Copies of the lists will be sent to privaten Nebentaetigkeit geschaedigt worden ist, to pay his respects to its victims. He was the Lander Ministries of Justice to ascertain mit Ruecksicht auf seine Einbusse an den shocked when his official guide, ex-Nazi General whefher any of the persons involved is in their Nebeneinnahmen weitergehende Entschaedigungs­ Unrein, made disparaging remarks including a employment. None of the persons on the list ansprueche zustehen koennen, als sie ihm nach § recommendation that the site be closed to tourists. is in the service of thc West Berlin judicial 102 BEG wegen der Einbusse an seinem Beam- Unrein is alleged to have stated that the crematoria authorities. teneinkommen gebuehren. In den Gruenden had been constructed after the war by the Allies. heisst es u.a.: The Jewish War Veterans of the United States ACTIONS AGAINST NEO-NAZIS "Das Berufungsgericht hat § 113, Abs. 2 BEG have been informed by the United States Army nicht nchtig ausgelegt. Diese Bestimmung besagt authorities that an investigation has begun into nicht, dass der Verfolgte, der sowohl in seiner the employment by the United States of Unrein. The West Berlin Senate has declared that anti- selibstaendigen als auch in seiner unselbstaendigen Semitic and neo-Nazi activities will not be toler­ Erwerbstaetigkeit geschaedigt worden ist, eine TV BROADCAST ON NAZI CRIMES ated in West Berlin, and drastic and immediate Entschaedigung nur wegen des Schadens in der- action will be taken wherever such tendencies jenigen Erwerbstaetigkeit erhalte, aus der er nicht A documentary film " Das Dritte Reich" was come out into the open. nur voruebergehend das hoehere Einkoramen televised by the Stuttgart and Cologne Rundfunk. A report submitted to the Internal Affairs Com­ bezogen habe. Sie besagt nur, dass fuer die mittee of the local parliament carries a survey Berechnung der Entschaedigung diejenigen gesetz­ about the latest steps taken against neo-Nazi lichen Vorschriften massgebend sein sollen, die elements in West Berlin. Various disciplinar>' die Eotschaedigung fuer den Schaden aus der Your HOUIO For:- actions have been taken and investigations are Erwerbstaetigkeit betreffen, aus der der Verfolgte also under way. nicht nur voruebergehend das hoehere Ein- kommen bezogen hat." CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO 1938 POGROMS COMMEMORATED Diese Auslegung des § 113, Abs. 2 BEG seitens BKJH ist mit Genugtuung zu begruessen, da sie UPHOLSTERY Dr. Heinz Galinski, Chairman of the West Berlin eine langjaehrige Ungerechtigkeit in der bisheri­ Jewish community, at a Berlin meeting held to gen Rechtsprechung und Kommentierung beseitigt, commemorate the anniversary of the pogroms die weder nach dem Wortlaut, noch dem Sinn sPEciALrrr throughout Germany in November, 1938. und Zweck, noch dem historischen Werden des demanded that all former leading Nazi officials § 113 BEG beab&ichtigt sein koimte und daher should immediately be removed from key posts in voellig ungerechtfertigt war, CONTINENTAL DOWN German public life. On the other hand, all Ger­ man citizens who had risked their lives to help WILHELM MENO SIMON. QUILTS ! Jews persecuted by the Nazis should be honoured. Commemoration meetings also took place in COMPENSATION ALMOST COMPLETED IN ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS Cologne, DUsseldorf, and various other towns. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN ESTIMATES FREE According to a statement of the Schleswig- GERMAN AMBASSADOR ACCUSED Holstein Minister of the Interior, Herr Lemke, DAWSON-LANE LIMITED Schleswig-Holstein had, as the first Land of the Federal Republic, nearly completed all compensa­ Manfred Klaiber. the West German Ambassa­ tion proceedings. Of 17,086 proceedings with 17, BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK dor in Rome, has denied the accusations brought ahogether 42,338 claims, only 555 proceedings with Telephone : ARN. 6671 against him by Adolf Eichmann. alleging respon­ 1,117 claims were still pending at the end of Sep­ sibility for the sinking of the " Struma " in the tember, 1960. The total payments made amounted Personal attention of Mr. W. Schachmann Dardanelles jn 1942. The " Struma " when it sank to DM. 173 million, of which DM. 93 million had aboard more than 760 refugees who had were paid direct to the victims and DM. 80 million hoped to reach Palestine. as contribution to the payments of otlier Lander. AJR INFORMATION January. 1961 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JUDAICA Board of Deputies Third Century IN PARLIAMENT NEW ALIENS REGULATIONS Race Discrimination Bill The commencement of the Board of Deputies The relaxation of the aliens regulations third century of service to British and World For the sixth time Mr. Fenner Brockway, announced in the House of Commons on Novem­ Jewry was impressively marked at a meeting of M.P., is attempting to get through the House of ber 16th (see our previous issue) became the Board, where tributes were paid to the out­ Commons a Bill to make discrimination on the effective on January 1st. Aliens who have been standing courage and steadfastness with which the grounds of colour, race and religion illegal in given permission to stay for only a specific period Board has defended Jewish causes. the United Kingdom. will still have to register, but they will be given . The Bill would prohibit racial discrimination seven (instead of three) days in which to report Lord Mayor and Guardians •n licensed common lodging-houses, restaurants, changes of address or employment. About and places where food and drink are sold to the I25,(XX) people are in this group, which includes Sir Bernard Waley-Cohen, the Lord Mayor of public, and in dance-halls. It would also include holders of Ministry of Labour permits and London, recently attended a meeting of the Jewish a clause prohibiting refusal of a lease for accom- students. Board of Guardians, of which he is a member. niodation or make any clause in existing leases He was presented with a scroll on which the ravaUd if they show discrimination on grounds Aliens who have been accepted for residence Board's members and staff recorded a resolution of race, colour or religion. permanently or indefinitely will become exempt congratulating him on his election. The Bill was given a first reading on from registration and they will be notified by the tJecember 7th. police who will arrange for registered certificates Arab and Jewish Students to be endorsed locally. Ban on Nazi Coloael Rudel The University of London United Nations On November 30th, Mr. Janner asked the Home PROTESTS AGAINST GERMAN TROOPS Students' Association has failed in an attempt to ^cretary whether he was aware that Lieutenant- IN BRITAIN bring Arab and Jewish students together in a colonel Hans Rudel. a prominent Nazi during discussion on the Middle East and Israel. None tne Hitler regime and a leader of the neo-Nazi Mr. Barnett Janner, M.P., President of the of the members of the Arab Students' Society Party in Germany, had arranged to address a Board of Deputies, has made a protest following were present at the discussion, which was meeting in London ; and whether, in view of the the announcement that German troops, with addressed by three Jewish speakers. record of the Nazi Party, he would take steps to stores and equipment, are to be stationed at bases The Association is organising another meeting, prevent Rudel coming to this country. Mr. in this country. The Anglo-Jewish Association this time with Arab speakers, to which Jewish "utier, the Home Secretary, replied that Lieut.- has also made a statement on the same issue. student bodies will be invited. ^olonel Rudel would not be permitted to enter the United Kingdom. (Following this decision, The National Chairman of the Association of Robert Waley Cohen Memorial Lecture •^ir Oswald Mosley called off the intemational Jewish Ex-Service Men and Women has stated that rally which he was trying to organise in London.) although the Association agrees that democratic The well-known psychologist. Dr. David forces in Germany should be encouraged, it does Stafford-Clark, deUvered the seventh Robert Knipp Deconcentralion Plan not recognise that this process can be assisted Waley Cohen Memorial Lecture on the subject by the intention to base West German troops in of "The Psychology of Persecution and Preju­ In answer to a question by Mr. A. Lewis, in this country, to which the Association is utterly dice", held under the auspices of the Council of jne House of Commons, Mr. Heath, the Lord opposed. J^Ovy Seal, stated that under the Krupp decon- Christians and Jews. He put forward the theory ^entration plan assets worth about £12 million that the mingling of all the races of the world nad been disposed of. For the remainder, an VICTOR GOLLANCZ ON TV in marriage is necessary to racial harmony extension until 31st January, 1961, had been Opposition to intermarriage was based on l^^nted, but a further extension up to January, Mr. Victor Gollancz. the author and publisher, emotion and a feeling of superiority over those was interviewed on the TV programme " Face to who were "different". '^62, had been applied for by Herr Krupp. Face ", when much of the time was taken up with Worid Refi«ee Year Mr. Gollancz's Jewish background. He described Jews' Temporary Shelter The Lord Privy Seal, Mr. Heath, in a written himself as "a bit of a Jew" and "a very bad ^nswer to Mr. Randall, stated that the United Jew". He did not go to synagogue, but kept The Jews' Temporary Shelter held a dinner to ^'ngdom's contribution in cash and kind to World certain Jewish customs such as the fixing of a celebrate its 75th anniversary and to launch a refugee Year as of 30th September, I960, was mezuza at his house and saying Grace when £75,000 appeal campaign. Leaders of the eating the first fruits of the year. He said he did community, including the Chief Rabbi and *'proximately £71 million and was the largest of not feel any particular sense of Jewish race or representatives of other major Jewish charitable (..'national contributions of that date. In con- nationality, and he had neither a feeling of organisations, were present, together with leading noutions per head, the United Kingdom came inferiority nor of superiority. It had always been personalities in commerce, industry and finance. mird after Norway and New Zealand. impossible to define what a Jew was, he said, but ^ m answer to a further question by Mr. Randall. there was " a Jewish way of looking at things " American Grant for Hillel House ^6 Home Secretary stated that the selection team and a " Jewish flavour". He believed, however, nortly to proceed to Europe would not interview in complete assimilation. In New York the International Council of gam refugees whose applications had been B'nai B'rith, at its first meeting, made a $10,000 lected by the eariier mission, unless there has grant to the Hillel Foundation in Britain towards ^n a material change of their circumstances. WARSAW GHETTO FILM the establishment in London of a new centre to replace the present Hillel House in Endsleigh Gemian Forces Official permission for the pubhc exhibition in Street. Moneys for this purpose have also been sJ" answer to Mr. A. Lewis. Mr. R. A. Butler its entirety of the much-discussed Nazi-made documentary, " The Warsaw Ghetto ", has been raised in London. nil, .!. t ^^ Federal German Government were given by the L.C.C. ""/ allies in N.A.T.O. and that H.M. Govern- Club Premises Opened by Princess Alexandra vidin ^^^^ therefore prepared to assist by pro- The British Board of Film Censors had refused to w P°'^ and training facilities in this country a certificate unless certain scenes, thought to be The new Jewish Lads' Brigade and Club head­ f.„, . ^st German troops if this was a practical too harrowing for public showing, were cut out. quarters at Henriques House, Manchester, were tS"S'5ent in the view of the N.A.T.O. authori- The film is now being shown to the general public recently officially opened by Princess Alexandra. of n t^^ ^'•- Lewis asked whether the Minister at the Compton Cinema. The Princess watched a consecration service con­ be „ H "'^^ *'°"''' '°^'^* 'I'at the troops should not Over a hundred M.P.s of all parties saw thc ducted by the Haham, Rabbi Dr. Solomon Gaon. Na7-" If 'l*^ command of former high-ranking film at the House of Commons, and there was and loured the premises. fof ' "tncers, Mr. Watkinson replied that it was general agreement on the suitability of its show­ *Ppo t ""an authorities to decide whom to ing in entirety. It was also shown to the London School for Deaf ChUdren County Council. The Treasurer of the Residential School for Jewish Deaf Children, the Hon. Hugh L. Cohen, complained at the annual meeting of Govemors and subscribers that the community did not do its duty to Jewish deaf children. Expenditure during Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. the year had increased while income had decreased. " More money must be raised quickly if the school is to continue efficiently." Bankers Edgware Council of Christians and Jews BASILDON HOUSE, 741, MOORGATE, E.C.2 The Rev. Canon E. F. Carpenter, of West­ Telephone: METropolitan 8151 minster, addressing the first public meeting of the Edgware Council of Christians and Jews, said Represetaing: that Christians and Jews must join forces in an attempt to give moral direction to Westem 1. L. FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD. FEUCHTWANGER CORPORATION civilisatfon. The Rev. Saul Amias, minister of TEl^AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA 52 BROADWAY. NEW YORK. 4. N.Y. Edgware Synagogue, also spoke, and Rabbi I. Maybaum. of the Edgware Reform Synagogue, was present. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961

AUSTRIA XEWS FROM ABROAD Award UNTTED STATES CATHOLICS AND JEWS At a ceremony held in Vienna Dr. Franz Sobek, President of the Aid Fund ito help political persecu­ Jewish Members of New Cabinet tees resident abroad, was presented with the gold Front-page headlines in the Vatican's Osservii- medal awarded annually by the Austrian Jewish Mr. John F. Kennedy has appointed Mr. tore Romano denote increased interest in Catholic- community to the non-Jew who has done most Abraham A. Ribicoff as Secretary of Health, Jewish relations. in the past year to combat anti-Semitism and neo- Education and Welfare. Ribicoff was bom in The paper's assistant editor. Professor Federico Nazism. The presentation was made to Dr. Sobek 1910 in New Britain, Connecticut, as the son of Alessandrini, writes an article confuting the essay particularly because of his protests at the swastika- poor immigrants from Slonim (Russia). When by Mr. Leon Poliakov published in the October daubing incidents at the beginning of I960. still a schoolboy he had to contribute to the issue of Unesco's monthly magazine Le Courier family's upkeep by selling newspapers. A lawyer entitled " Anti-Semitism, Plague of Modem Arrests of Neo-Nazis by profession, he was the first Jew to be elected Times", in which the author attributed the Govemor of Connecticut in 1954. He has always responsibility of anti-Semitism to Christianity. According to a statement by the Austrian taken an interest jn Jewish affairs, though, since The Osservatore article disapproves of the fact Minister of Interior, Afritsch, 119 persons were he has held public office, he has withdrawn from that Unesco, by publishing the essay, implicitly arrested between January and September, 1960, official positions he held with Jewish endorses the author's views. It states that nobody on account of their neo-Nazi activities; 94 of organisations. can deny the excesses which were committed but, them were found guilty of having daubed for the sake of justice, the attitude of many Jews swastikas or anti-Semitic offences. The Minister Another Jewisb member of the Cabinet is Mr. towards the non-chosen ones, the " goyim ", should also stated that two-thirds of the arrested were Arthur J. Goldberg, who has been appointed as also be recalled. youngsters. Secretary of Labour. Mr. Goldberg is 52 years GER.MAN SOLDIERS IN FRANCE AGAIN old and a leading United States Trade Union ELECTIONS IN TTALY lawyer. Like Mr. Ribicoff, he is also actively The Left-wing Jewish Press in Paris has, in interested in Jewish affairs. In the municipal elections recently held through­ various degrees, condemned the retum of German out Italy, four Jews—three Communists and one soldiers to France. According to the agreement Clergymen Appeal Socialist—were elected to Rome's City Council. reached between General de Gaulle and President The centre parties maintained their strength while Adenauer, 30,000 German soldiers will train at Thc names of a number of prominent rabbis the Communists secured an extra 100,000 votes the military camps of Sissonne and Mourmelon, appear among the 1,200 American clergymen who in north and east France respectively. signed an appeal to President Eisenhower to com­ throughout the country. The neo-Fascist Movi­ mute the sentence of Morton Sobell, sentenced mento Sociale Italiano received 300,(XX) more votes The arrival of the first batch of German to 30 years' imprisonment at the trial which in this election than in 1958. soldiers has provoked strong emotional reactions in 1952 meted out death sentences to Julius and According to competent observers, the strength among the Jewish refugee community, which lost Ethel Rosenberg. of the neo-fascists' election campaign and its many of its members during the Gennan marginally anti-Semitic aspects encouraged Jews to occupation. The plea was presented to Mr. Eisenhower vote for the left-wing parties. About 40,(X)0 Jews and non-Jews have demon­ following a gathering on Sobell's behalf, and was Movemento Sociale Italiano has now become strated in Paris and the provinces against initiated by the Rev. Peter McCormick, a the third strongest party in the City Council. •• German militarism" in response to an appeal Presbyterian minister, who, as Protestant Chaplain They have since the elections in November been from the Left-Wing Council for Peace. The of Alcatraz Prison, became convinced that Sobell responsible for a series of aggressive incidents Jewish Association of Former Concentration was innocent. The Reform Central Conference of against students and others. Camp Inmates also held a protest meeting in American Rabbis had previously urged a Paris. A strongly worded resolution condemning re-examination of the case. The National Federated Council of Resistance has issued an appeal to all its affiliated organisa­ German rearmament and the giving of bases to tions to intensify their action in defence of the Wehrmacht on French territory has been Jewish Converts Wed democracy, and several M.P.s have asked the passed by the Central Committee of " Mouvement Government to take a firm stand against the Contre le Facisme, I'Antis^mitisme et Pour la Sammy Davis Jnr., the Negro entertainer, and Paix ". Mai Britt, the Swedish actress, both converts to resurgence of fascism. Judaism, were married in Los Angeles by the JEWS IN HOLLAND Rabbi of the Reform Temple Israel. Well-known AWARDS TO POLISH JEWS personalities were among the guests, and Frank According to a demographic report just com­ Sinatra was best man. There were no distur­ Representatives of the Jewish community took pleted by the Jewish Social Welfare Institute in bances, despite threats by self-styled U.S.A. Nazi part in increased numbers in the celebrations of Amsterdam, 27,000 Jews live in Holland today. " storm-troopers ". the 43rd anniversary of the Russian Revolution This includes many Jews who have inter-married, which were held all over Poland recently. and a large number of half-Jewish children. Before the war the Jewish population of CANADA Hundreds of Jews participated in special meet­ ings in Warsaw. Lodz, and other cities, where Holland was 154,800, of whom only 14,800 were Ontario Cabinet Post for Jew they demonstrated their gratitude to the Soviet half-Jews. Only 5,450 of the 110,000 Dutch Jews Union and the Red Army for liberating Poland deported by the Nazis returned to Holland. The Mr. Allan Grossman has been appointed from the Nazis. present Dutch Jewish population includes 8,000 Minister without Portfolio in the Ontario State The Polish Government, as in previous years, persons who managed to live in hiding through­ Government. He is a Jewish member of the to mark the occasion awarded a number of high out the war, 2,000 who returned from abroad, and Progressive Conservative Party. This is the first distinctions to about a dozen Jews in honour of at least 8,0()0 who escaped deportation because of time a Jew has been appointed to the Cabinet. their outstanding contribution to the " building marriage to a non-Jewish partner. of Socialism in Poland ". Innnigrants TURKISH LAY COUNCILS DISSOLVED According to a statement by .Miss Ellen Fair- SOUTH AFRICA A Govemment order has been issued in Istanbul clough, the Minister of Citizenship and Immigra­ to the effect that all Jewish communal councils tion in Canada, 1,810 Jews arrived in Canada The corner-stone has been laid in Johannes­ will have to be dissolved. The same order has during the first nine months of I960. During the burg of the first Yeshiva College in South Africa been received by non-Jewish minority groupSi same period in 1959, 2,027 Jews settled in Canada. for the training of rabbis, ministers and religious including Greeks and Armenians. leaders. It will also incorporate a regular high The Governor of Istanbul, in a letter sent to REPORT ON SOVIET JEWRY school. all these councils, states that in future each The Roman Catholic Archbishop Denis Hurley, Jewish institution or synagogue is to have its own M. Andre Blumel, President of the Franco- in an address to the Durban Parliamentary independent council. This would mean that there Soviet Friendship Association, whose report on Debating Society, said that any Jew or Christian would no longer be a lay council of the Rabbinate conditions of Jews in Russia was published in our who followed the general attitude of white South which dealt with the community's secular and last issue, and M. Maurice Thorez, Secretary of Afric_ans in race relations was most definitely financial matters, and the problem arises of who the French Communist Party, have had a meeting. not living up to his faith. is to take care of the community's social, financial A communique issued jointly stated that " M. and cultural affairs. Thorez listened with great attention to M. Blumel's The Lay Council has decided to send a delega­ report and showed great understanding for all JEWS IN .MOROCCO tion to Ankara to have talks with the Prime the problems raised. He told M. Blumel that in Minister, and it is hoped that he will either cancel conformity with the spirit of the permanent policy Applications in Morocco from Jews wishing to or modify the order. of the French Communist Party he will take a travel abroad are being dealt with much more personal interest in all problems concerning Jews ". rapidly than in the past. This applies especially JEW ON MELBOURNE STOCK EXCHANGE to Casablanca where the largest Jewish commu­ SENTENCES AGAINST CZECH JEWS nity of 80,000 lives. It is believed that the Mr. Herbert Baer, who arrived in Australia as improvement in the passport situation is a direct a refugee during the war, has been elected .a It has now been leamed that Dr. Josef Braun. result of an appeal sent by the National Council member of the Melbourne Stock Exchange. This the well-known Prague doctor who was sentenced of Jewish Community Committees to the Minister is the first time for many years that a Jew has to H years' imprisonment by a Czech court for of the Interior. held this position and it is seen as a victory foJ hoarding foreign currency, was also accused of Moroccan Jews have for over two years been the Jewish community, which has campaigned having been in contact with enemy agents. Six experiencing considerable difficulties in getting against the Stock Exchange's alleged discrimina­ other Jews were also sentenced with him. passports. tory practices. AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 Page 5

ilfoiis Rosenberg he was asked to. The Federal Chancellor and the Federal Minister of the Interior are among the Christian and Jewish members of the Com­ SECRET AND UNKNOWN mittee. The cost of organising the exhibition amounted to DM. 250,000. It was borne " Synagoga " Exhibition in Recklinghausen ungrudgingly by the Federal and Regional authorities, by German industry and private donors. The catalogue is a work of It is not so long ago that I had a visit froiri man newspapers have carried enthusiastic art in its own right. At public expense 20,000 ^ young German mechanic. He was in this reviews, without any reservations. We Jews copies were printed for free distribution to country in order to leam how to operate a are entitled to take a more objective and sober schools and public libraries. Schools send certain machine which his German firm had view. We know that the religious ban on any their pupils over hundreds of miles to Reck­ ''ought in Peterborough. He was 24, a devout figurative depiction of this world has proved linghausen and many factories do the same Catholic from the lower Rhineland, of at least a severe handicap for the development of a for their employees. The Director assured average intelligence. He told me that he had great and representative Jewish art. The me that this is the most successful exhibition attended a service in the Anglican Peter­ traditional Jewish service must be one of the his town has ever held, with more than 600 borough Cathedral and he was amazed about most austere in the world. How dazzling an visitors daily. the similarities to his own Roman Catholic exhibition of Catholic religious art would be in comparison. All a Jew needs is a book— The most astounding revelation for myself liturgy. Why was that? Could I offer an was the section on manuscripts and early explanation ? I had hardly started answering the Book; everything else is this side of idolatry. Another observation: Jewish litur­ prints. The illuminations are in joyful colours: bis question, when he interrupted me: "What flowers, beasts, persons and sometimes even are you ? " I replied: " A Jew." The young gical objects are not for public adoration, they are not for " show ". To the greatest extent pictures of Greek mythology This is a German said: "I don't mean that. What is far cry from those doleful Histories of the your religion ? The Jews are either Protestants they are used within the family circle, there­ fore they cannot be ostentatious by any Jews which only know of tears and persecu­ or Catholics." tions. It is just as well that we are reminded In Recklinghausen I asked the Director of standards ; they are homely and small and in most cases they had to be cheap: utility ware. of the other, more cheerful, side of the lives the Municipal Museums, Thomas Grochowiak, of our ancestors. who at the same time is the Director of And yet, to a Jew they are dearer than the most precious Italian paintings, the most And then there are paintings and drav^angs Synagoga ", why such an exhibition had been by Jewish and non-Jewish artists of Jewish 'Organised. He explained that it was done to exquisite statues and ornaments. Even the crudest Haggadah brings back memories of subjects, Rembrandt head and shoulders above combat the complete ignorance of Judaism. everybody else. My memory went back When I was a child, I always thought whilst our childhood more precious than gold and diamonds. to Alfred Hirschberg's sentence in the passing by the local synagogue: ' who knows C.V. Zeitung at the time of the Nazis that history will judge whether the pictures in Der Stuermer or Rembrandt's art will give posterity the true idea of the Jew.

EUROPEAN COUNCILS OF CHRISTIANS AND JEWS Representatives of several of the Councils of Christians and Jews established in European countries met in London recently. On the occa­ sion of their Conference, an informal gathering was arranged at which they gave brief reports of their activities. Dr. Ernst L. Ehrlich, Secretary of the Christlich- Juedische Arbeitsgemeinschaft in Switzerland, told the audience that in his country the Jewish problem was, in the first place, not a political but a religious issue. The activities of his organisation were therefore mainly concentrated on arranging lectures aiming at overcoming misconceptions and prejudices. Mr. Leopold Goldschmidt, Secretary of the Koordinierungsrat der Gesellschaften fuer Christlich-Juedische Zusammenarbeit in Germany, reported that there had been in Germany no recurrence of the incidents which started in Cologne at Christmas 1959. The "Brotherhood Week" with meetings all over the country had become an annual institution. Particular stress was laid on questions of education by arranging conferences for teachers and establishing contacts with youth organisations. Pastor J. H. Grolle, Secretary of the Raad voor de Verhouding van Kerk en Israel in the Nether­ lands, referred to the " Fellow-Semitism" of Calvin and the deep roots of his teachings in thc Old Testament. He also recalled that, during the German Emperor Henry VII confirms privileges to Jewry of Rome war, spiritual resistance could be organised by (From Codex Balduin a collection of documents compiled by the Archbishop and Elector of Trier. Baldewin von centrally issued announcements which were simul­ Luxemburg, 14ih Century) taneously read out in all churches of the country. Dr. Kurt Pordes, Secretary of the Aktion gegen so^.Jf. S°*°g on in this building. It must be The array of those " little pieces " at Reck­ den Antisemitismus in Austria, reported that the WoriH ''\i^''^' and unknown to the outside linghausen is truly splendid. Besonimbuechsen, latest efforts in Austria included an exhibition of ''o. We want this sort of thing to stop ". Chanucah candlesticks, ornaments of the the Ravensbrueck Concentration Camp which was Torah scrolls, mezuzas, mohel's knives and shown in many schools. He described the educa­ an oi^ ^^^^' *lio«ver visits the exhibition with tion of the young generation as the paramount catai '"'°''' '•wading the scholarly and superb others. An enormous amount of labour and task. neSi7"t (P^'^e DM. 6^ knows all a layman love was devoted to gathering these many the T • u°* ^^o^i the practice and spirit of objects. The museums and libraries of Western exhihft^'^^ religion. This indicates that the Europe, America and Israel were scanned with 'IlustrJ!°" u'^ ^'"'^^ly non-political. It does not a very generous response. Unfortunately, the important Jewish museum in Prague withheld msmmsm Jews -f !,^ history of the persecution of the the »%> , It. doe^'^^ s no°°t' t«>telll you what happenhapp s in its co-operation, but East Berlin was more Wir kaufen Einzelwerke, Bibliotheken, forthcoming. abou'bomT .t!uf °^ ^^''^^^^^'•^^^- ^"2"t it' '«l'tells yoy"u" -a '"• Autographen und moderne Graphik ^"t the Jew as a religious being. On the German side the list of people who 'Direktor : Dr. Joseph Suschitzky Up a^i'• y compiling such an exhibition comes lent their support is impressive. Professor 38a BOUNDARY ROAD, LONDON, N.W.S ''sainst a great difficulty. The West Ger- Hsuss, while still President, helped whenever — Telephone : MAI. 3030 Page 6 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961

Rabbi Dr. Georg Sedaberger born fighter. His struggle was directed, not against Orthodoxy or Zionism, but against indifference, intolerance, and radicalism. His sermons were RABBI DR. CAESAR SELIGMANN logically constructed, imbued with deep pathos, and their poetical language was a work of art. •yet he was even more gifted as a writer than Centenary of His Birth as a speaker. Reviews, contributions to news­ Following is a condensed version of tm article which is being published on the Continent papers and periodicals, commemorative articles all and which the author has kindly placed al our disposed.—(Ed.) bear witness to this. Above all, his personality showed through what­ In his unpublished work " Memoirs of a Grand­ the religion school of the Breslau Congregation ever he said and wrote. Small of stature, he father", which he started to write in Frankfurt and in the same year gained his doctorate at Halle impressed one nevertheless by his combination of in 1934 and completed in England in 1941, Caesar University. blunt energy and gentleness. Though of a naive Seligmann recounts his life to his children and In 1889 Seligmann received a call to the disposition, he possessed a keen wit. He loved grandchildren. This life, by virtue of its historical Hamburg " Israelitischer Tempelverband ". This fairy-tales and had a poetical gift. One need only background, and the eminence which he attained was the synagogue which, at the beginning of the read his translations of Hebrew texts as well as through his work throughout his many years, is nineteenth century, had first introduced the much- his own prayers to realise this. He was an of interest to a much larger circle, in fact to Jewry disputed reform type of worship. It was here unassuming man, full of charm, a loving family as a whole. Did he not, through two generations, man, a good companion, full of humour. In ^ort. that he spent some of his happiest years. a man whorn one revered and loved. witness world-shaking events, the rise and fall of It was in Hamburg, in 1892, that he married bis native country, the political and social emanci­ Ella Kaufmann, daughter of the President of the It was not given to him to spend his well-earned pation, the oppression and persecution of his Hanover Congregation. They had two sons and retirement in Frankfurt for long. Hard, indeed, Jewish communitv; on the one hand exile, on the two daughters, all of them gifted in their own was the farewell for the well-nigh octogenarian other the foundation of the State of Israel ? How ways. when he had to leave the city in which he had far away it all seems when we read that as a child lived and worked for so long. Equally hard was As a result of the high reputation he had his farewell to the country whose finest culture, he heard Samson Raphael Hirsch preach, and as acquired through his work in Hamburg, he a student he visited that veneratwl man of the no less than his Judaism, were personified in him. received a call in 1902 from the Congregation in England, which offered him refuge, never really Science of Judaism, the nonagenarian Leopold Frankfurt-on-Main to become Its rabbi. Frank­ Zunz. became his home. He was too old to master its furt, like Hamburg, possessed a congregation language, and circumstances compelled him to Seligmann was bom on the Mth December. within which were united the various shades of move from town to town until, finally, he found 1860, in Landau in the Palatinate. Many of his Judaism, and the communal spirit was such that a resting-place in London. forebears, like his father, were rabbis. it could allow for. and live in peace with, the Already in his early youth his father taught seperate Orthodox congregation, the " Israelitische Caesar Seligmann was born on a Sabbath, and him Hebrew and read Chumesh and Rashi wtth Religionsgesellschaft". But while the Orthodox it was on a Sabbath, 3rd June, 1950, in his 90th section within the main community had a wise year, that he came to his final rest. He is buried him. but the boy, to begin with, had no intention in the Liberal Jewish Cemetery. of becoming a rabbi himself. It was the Roman and learned as well as forceful leader in the person and Greek writers and the German classical poets of Rabbi Dr. Marcus Horovitz, the Liberal section who attracted him at school. He read languages, completely lacked such a leader. The situation In Memory of our Teacher philosophy, and history at Munich University. was the more precarious since, in addition to an enterprising Orthodoxy, there were to be found Much as he liked his studies at the university, A former pupil of Rabbi Seligmann writes : they did not satisfy him. This circumstance, reformers and assimilationists from the circle of the eclectic " Rising Dawn Lodge ". The indif­ coupled with the advent of a wave of anti- ferent attitude of the masses became so perilous It is with a deep feeling of appreciation and Semitism towards the end of the 1870s, and that it was decided to establish an " Anti-Con­ gratitude that Dr. Seligmann's pupils remember especially his friendship with Rabbi Dr. Steckel- version Society". A way had to be pioneered him on the 100th anniversary of his birthday- macher of Mannheim, made him decide to between the extremes of right and left for a posi­ We knew him as a man who stood for progress devote himself to theological studies. Thus, in tive, historically orientated Liberalism. During and was full of understanding and tolerance for 1881, he entered the Jewish-Theological Seminary the successful struggle in th's monumental task the younger generation. We of that generation in Breslau. In 1883 he was appointed teacher in are young no longer, we are parents and grand­ Seligmann had brave and j>owerful allies in the parents, but many of us remember that it was Congregation's President, Julius Plotke, in his suc­ Dr. Seligmann who taught us to think inde­ cessor, Julius Blau. in Salo Adler, headmaster of pendently, clearly and logically. He never tolerated thc " Philanthropin " School, and others. empty talk. If he thought that a pupil was using an expression without completely understanding its meaning he would insist on a plain explanation. Creator of new Prayer Book If we were unable to give one, he would help us. but warn us with intelligent sarcasm not to To begin with, there was the task of creating indulge in talk unless we knew what we were a prayer book for the special services on High talking about. Holy-days. Next to the Conservative-Liberal book used in the " Hauptsynagoge" this was to take In the years after the first world war a new account of the need to extend the German prayers. era of religious life began for the pupils of Thus was created the two-volume " Seligmann'sche Dr. Seligmann, and many children who were Gebetbuch" used in the Synagogue Koenig- growing up with hardly any religious home life steinerstrasse. which had been newly consecrated found their way to the Jewish religion. We looked in 1910. Apart from services, religious instruction forward to Friday evening services which at first had to be organised and integrated in the curricu­ only meant listening to our teacher's sermons, lum of the various schools. but for many children laid the foundation of 3 religious belief which has lasted them a lifetime THE LUTON Seligmann, however, did not overlook the needs and was to sustain them in the tragic times that of other congregations. Thanks to his initiative the Society for Liberal Judaism was founded in lay ahead. Berlin in 1908, and for many years he edited its We did not find the way to religion too easily- KNITTING monthly publicalion " Liberales Judentum ". He Children have to overcome many doubts and gained decisive influence as President of the Un'on difficulties. Dr. Seligmann never tried to force of Liberal Rabbis in Germany, an oflice he held u9 into belief. We learned to believe as we saW from 1912 to 1937. His name will forever be this revered teacher, with his great intellect, boW COMPANY coupled with the " Guiding Principles for a Pro- in humility before the one supernatural being eramme of Liberal Judaism ", which he drew up who is God. He taught his pupils to grasp and in 1910. The final editing of these "Principles" unckrstand God, and never asked them to accept LTD. was undertaken by him. together with Leo Baeck. dogmas without explaining their meaning. In this work he was guided by the thought that Having taught us to think independently, b' the positive principle should not be the vaeue did not expect us blindly to accept his views. idea of historical development ; rather should it Many were the discussions on Zionism which Manufacturers of Jersey Cloth be thc synthesis between the change caused by numerous young people in Germany at that time emancipation and the traditional relieious tie of regarded as the solution, a view which he did n"' and Knitted Heodwear Judaism. To be sure, these principles were share, whilst fully respecting the convictions ot adopted by conferences in Berlin, Frankfurt, and pupils, however young. Posen, but they lacked support by laymen. In Dr. Seligmann and also Dr. Salzberger, whoni h's "History of thc Jewish Reform Movement we are happy to have still in our midst, were the from Mendelssohn to the Present Day " which he 664-668 DUNSTABLE ROAD, wrote as the competent historian, these guiding liberal Jewish teachers of that generation i" LUTON, BEDFORDSHIRE principles formed the conclusion. Seligmann's Frankfurt-on-Main. To this very day there is^ last great enterprise for German Jewry was the strong link between many of their former pupil'- Tel.: Luton 52516/7 publication of the Liberal " Einheitseebetbuch". We have not forgotten that it is largely due t" wh'ch was to make an end of the splintering of them that religion is a help to us in every phase Liberal liturgies. of life, particularly in hours of crisis and miS" fortune, and that they have implanted in us ^ Seligmatm was—^though he would deny it—a strong feeling of belonging to Judaism. AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 Page 7 Herbert Freeden (Jerusaletn) NEWS ON ISRAEL

SODOM AND EN GEDI S.P.D. FOR DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS Perspectives are deceptive. Viewed from the sweltering heat of the Dead Sea basin and At the Social Democratic Party's Convention Jerusalem or Tel Aviv, Beersheba looks like return them in the morning. This has proved in Hanover, delegates unanimously affirmed the ^ desert outpost, but seen from Sodom it cheaper than the upkeep of a residential settle­ Party board's view that estabhshment of diplo­ appears the centre of civilisation. Should one ment, and, moreover, the labour force which matic relations between the Federal Republic and travel even further along the Dead Sea shore tended to be drifting away has become much Israel had become " both necessary and possible ". to En Gedi, then Sodom seems to turn into more stable. the link with the outside world, for Sodom is Apart from the widespread installations of ISRAEL AND GERMANY connected with Beersheba by a first-class road. the Potash and Bromine Works there is nothing at Sodom except two tourist establishments at Dr. Arieh Kubovy, Chairman of 'Vad Vashem. Approximately half-way between Beersheba at a meeting of the Council in Jerusalem, con­ ^^ Sodom this road passes a place called the foot of the mountain, which is being identi­ fied with the salt pillar of Biblical fame. The demned Israelis' apparent eagerness to show friend­ Ditnona, which is the modern version of an liness to German visitors, and his views were oasis. Instead of camels grazing around the whole mountain range on this side of the Dead endorsed by the majority of those present. *ell, jeeps are parked in front of houses and Sea is made up of salt, yet only with great He went on to say that there was evidence that factories—in the middle of the Judean desert, exercise of the imagination can one see in even the most enlightened German liberals have ^ing the children playing in the school yard, the structure of the Sodom mountain the like­ not yet come round to facing the necessity of one forgets that only four years ago on this ness of a woman. Fittingly enough, one res­ teaching their youth the harsh and bitter truth ^^ry spot there was nothing but the yellow taurant is called " Lot's Wife Inn "; the other that the holocaust is unparalleled in history. and brown expanse which even today sur­ one is a Youth Hostel, though here one meets Dr. Kubovy also described as " cursory " the rounds Dimona on all sides. mainly elderly people. They have come from method in Israeli schools of teaching about this all parts of the country to seek healing in the period of history. Further east, towards Sodom, long after one waters of the Dead Sea, which are said to has reached sea level, the road continues to have curative properties against rheumatism, GERMANS ASSIST HOUSING SCHEME tall sharply, for Sodom is the lowest place on arthritis, and other diseases. *arth, 400 m. beneath sea level. The view An amount of 200,000 marks (about £16,700) has The rough and dusty track which leads on been voted by the Dortmund City Council to a ^hich opiens up is like a moonscape, with to En Gedi, the northernmost part of the Dead projected West German development loan to Slant cones and extinguished craters, above Sea shore still under Israel's sovereignty, is not finance housing schemes in Israel. West Berlin *hich vultures are circling. No green mitigates recently contributed 3(X),000 marks to the pro­ the negotiable for private cars, and the 60 kilo­ monotonous brown and yellow of the metre stretch is now being surveyed in order posed loan. "«sert, no plant thc deadly petrification of the to open up this remote and unique spot to Valley which, in Abraham's time was formed tourism. FRENCH LINER y volcanic eruptions, destroying jn their wake 'ne cities of Sodom and Gomorrha. "Rocks of the WUd Goats" A 22,000-ton transatlantic liner is to be built A group of residential houses could be taken Suddenly there appear, like a mirage within in France for Israel, and will go into service in or the beginning of a town, yet they are empty the infinity of dazzling yellow, the trim houses June, 1963. She will be called the " King David" and neglected. Not so long ago they were the and will carry 1.100 passengers on the Haifa- of En Gedi, with neat gardens, smooth lawns, New York run, with a stop at Marseilles. The ^nies of labourers of the Potash and Bromine fertile fields, green vineyards, and fine orchards. liner will have swimming-pools, a gymnasium, a J^orks, but since the rise of Dimona and the The history of En Gedi reaches from " the cinema and a winter garden, and will be entirely asy communication with Beersheba, the firm rocks of the wild goats", where David fled air-conditioned. Pfeters to take the workers every day out of from Saul, via the Essenes to the early Chris­ tians, whilst the Song of Songs speaks of the " Cluster of camphire in the vineyards of En 100,000th YOUTH ALIYAH CHILD Gedi ". Its four springs—one of them recovered The 100,000th child brought to Israel by Youth KELLERGEIST only recently—have made it the classical stop­ Aliyah arrived at Lydda Airport from Teheran ping place for caravans. Climbing up to the recently. She is 11-year-old Tamara Faribash, ADVISES A,J.R. READERS wells, the landscape suddenly changes. Nothing one of a family of seven children, three already is left of the yellow expanse of the Dead Sea in Israel. basin ; here are an abundant vegetation, gush­ ing brooks, cool grottoes and waterfalls toss­ BRITISH CONTRIBUTION FOR HOMES ing down the rocks. Their mineral content has formed fantastic stalactites and stalagmites, An amount of £40,000 has been sent by the which line the caves. British Committee for World Refugee Year to the Jewish Agency in Jerusalem, for the construction Four years ago, what was then a training of 25 dwelling units for refugees. farm for Nahal youth (Pioneer Youth, who spend part of their period of service in agri­ MEMORIAL OF LODZ GHETTO cultural work), was turned into a settlement. Its bunk-houses, dining-hali, shower-houses, all At a recent ceremony in Jerusalem, four albums whitewashed and shining, have become a youth compiled by Jews in the Lodz ghetto during the hostel, and the settlement has been set up on Nazi occupation of Poland were handed over a hill. Since then, with the help of the Jewish to the Yad VaShem organisation. The albums, National Fund, 1,000 dunams have been won prepared with the knowledge and consent of the for agriculture by de-stoning, terracing, level­ Nazis, among other items contain photos, press ling, etc. Roads have been hewn into the clippings of ghetto newspapers and samples of rocks to give access to the vineyards and the ghetto-manufactured goods. orchards and to tame the springs, whose Choose Hallgarten— fabulous quantities of water have been pouring A GERMAN BOOK ON ISRAEL down unexploited for centuries. Choose Fine Wines The latest volume of Panorama-Bucher is dedi­ The members of the kibbutz are young Sabras cated to Israel.* It carries 30 particularly beauti­ and the eldest child of the settlernent is not ful coloured plates by A. D. Arielli depicting the Ask for them by name! yet four. The mixture of warmth and water scenery of all parts of this country of contrasts. —350 m. under sea level, for most of the year The glossary explains the historical background the temperature does not fall beneath 40 of the pictures. The " introduction", as it is UA?V ''^"^ ^"y difficulty in finding degrees Celsius—helps fhe growth of produce, modestly called, is written by Erich Liith, the MALLGARTEN wines, write lo us which fetch good prices—tomatoes, when there initiator of the " Peace with Israel " movement and indefatigable fighter for Christian-Jewish under­ for assistance are no tomatoes anywhere else, grapies of standing. It reflects the author's enthusiasm, love special sweetness, also tropical fruit like pine­ and admiration for this old-new country and, on apples, bananas, mangoes, papayos. To keep 20 pages, carries a wealth of informative material S. F. & 0. HALLGARTEN the settlers in good fettle, each houso has air- about the past and present Israel. 1, Crutched Friars, London, E.C.3 conditioning and according to the doctor, who once a week comes from Beersheba, the young * IsiaeL Wiltaelm Andermann VerlM. Miinchen. DM. 9.80. kibbutzniks are in fine health. Obtainable Uirouiili booksellers in this country al 18s. 6d. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 MEMOIRS AND BIOGRAPHIES

MAX BROD^ REMINISCENCES REAPPRAISAL OF FELIX A PHILOSOPHER LOOKS BACK Max Brod, the famous writer and poet, who MENDELSSOHN " My Twentieth Century " is the title Ludwig was born and Sjpent the greater part of his life Marcuse has given to his autobiography (" Mein in Prague, now lives in Tel Aviv, where he Various recent German publications on com­ zwanzigstes Jahrhundert", Paul List Verlag, recently celebrated his 75th birthday. Doubt­ posers of Jewish origin seem to indicate that Munchen I960, 290 pages, DM. 17.80). He has less, he is well known to most readers of this racialism in artistic matters is now a thing of the written books about Heine and Boerne, Buechner paper, especially the older ones, who must past and has given way to a common-sense and Strindberg, Freud and Loyola, Plato and approach. Certain gaps in the literature on music others, but whether he deals with literature or remember as well as 1 do his first successful which were the result of the Nazi era are again with history, his approach is always that of a book " Tycho Brahe's Weg zu Gott ". Many being filled. Dr. Hans Christoph Worbs, whose philosopher. other successes were to follow. Brod was an book on Mahler was recently reviewed in AJR Son of a well-to-do father who had provided outstanding member of the so-called Prager Information, has also contributed a volume on him for a life without the necessity of bread- Schule, a circle of young poets and writers Mendelssohn.* As he emphasises in the preface, winning, young Marcuse engaged himself in the which flourished between 1920 and 1939. he wishes to join in the present-day efforts study of Philosophy at Berlin University, with a Gustav Meyrink, Hugo Salus, Franz Werfel, " gutzumachen, was die Kulturpolitik des dritten thirst after knowledge of " what holds the world Franz Kafka, Johannes Urzidil, Willy Haas, Reiches in ihrem Rassenwahn verschuldet hat". together". He soon discovered how little the To him. Mendelssohn is always " der deutsche wisdom of humanists had to do with the realities Paul Komfeld, Egon Erwin Kisch, and others Meister ", of whose place in German music there of life. He also had to experience soon that the belonged to this circle. Brod was very much is no doubt. The conversion of the Mendelssohn careful planning of a loving father was frustrated impressed by Martin Buber ; he knew Thomas family is accepted on ethical grounds as well as through the inflation after the First World War. and Heinrich Mann, Liliencron, Rilke, Alfred on grounds of assimilation (" nicht nur, weil er Thus, Marcuse became a free-lance writer. Only Kerr, and Karl Kraus, whom he portrays as [Mendelssohn's father] ihnen damit das ' Entree- on two occasions was he an " employee " ; first a two-faced character. All these personalities billet zur europaeischen Kultur erkaufen wollte "). as a literary Editor in Frankfurt and then as a and their different ways of thinking are As stated in the sub-title, the book presents the Professor of German and Philosophy in California. revealed to the reader in Brod's newly published story of Mendelssohn's life mainly in quotations One of his finest books is his " Philosophie des autobiography.* from contemporary documents, especially from the Gluecks". Though, during the initial stages of composer's own lively letters. Much of this his emigration, his life was not without danger Brod, who has always been a fighter, presents material may be familiar, but Worbs has been and hardship, he can BOW say that what he had the reader with a vivid and highly interesting able to use the original versions, some of which wished for in his youth has been achieved in picture of his life in partly sombre, partly are now published for the first time. (In the old his later years: Whilst ambition to become a edition, Mendelssohn's brother had made some University Lecturer had not been realised in bright colours that fully justify the titie of this Berlin owing to the death of his tcicher, Ernst book. With admirable clarity, courage, and alterations.) This method of contemporary documentation— Troeltsch, it was fulfilled in America. resolution the author tries to solve the prob­ leaving, as it were, much of the narrative to Men­ In the '20s he worked on a Berlin society novel lems of a mentally and physically tormented delssohn himself and those around him—gives this which was never completed. However, that world. The book has 570 pages and is in three biography a freshness and spontaneity which can­ Marcuse's epic talent is equal to his essayistic parts. The first part depicts the period up h not fail to fascinate the reader. With his own style is reflected in the Berlin chapter of his auto­ the First World War ; the second, the author's comments, Worbs rounds it up into a warm­ biography, which is written in a particularly childhood, youth, and student days ; the third, hearted, highly sympathetic portrait of the com­ impressive way. Without vanity or insincerity, his escape from the Nazis. Among the impor­ poser. What little criticism there is of Men­ he relates those events of his life which, in his tant chapters is one on "Judentum als Prob­ delssohn's personality is significantly—we are opinion, were decisive in shaping his personality- lem ", in which the author explains why he dealing with an East German publication—directed At the same time, he gives us a picture of the at his indifference in political matters (notwith­ 20th century as seen through the eyes of a man went to Palestine instead of accepting a pro­ standing his dislike of the reactionary atmosphere who has experienced its impact. In his standard fessorship at a university in the United States in Prussia) : " Freilich offenbarte sich dabei aber of thought he subscribed to the maxim of and also clarifies his personal relationship to auch die mangelnde politische Verantwortlichkeit " primum vivere, deinde philosophare"; he Germany and the Germans. A no less interest­ eines Kuenstlers, der trotz der wahren Einsicht, learned that 2x2 can equal 5. ing chapter entitled " Studentenzeit " recounts dass Kunst und Leben nicht ' zweierlei' seien, vor In his autobiography we meet many " Very the life of the German minority in Prague, den herrschenden Miss-staenden zurueckwich und Important Persons". We are told how Thomas which was to a great extent Jewish. Two other muede resignierte". Mainly biographical, the Mann became the mouthpiece and representative chapters are dedicated to his friend Franz book offers only summary remarks on the works, of German literature in exile against his will and Werfel, whom he profoundly admired, but with but these comments are apt and not devoid of disposition. Thomas Mann's brother, Heinrich, criticism. could never feel at home in the U.S.A. His books whose ideas he finally disagreed. " Leben mit have now been reissued in Germany (published lO Franz Kafka " is the title of another chapter " Leipzigerstrasse 3 " West Germany by Claassen Verlag, Haniburg). in the second part of the book. With that and his essays are the subject of a series of highly gifted young poet he was associated in Even the reader who is acquainted with the lectures which Marcuse is now giving as a Guest a moving friendship, which lasted until the main events in Mendelssohn's life may find the Professor of Frankfurt University. There are untimely death of Kafka, whose works he pub picture enriched by many interesting details. also references to Lion Feuchtwanger, to whose lished posthumously. When the family moved into their new Berlin way of thought he felt a great affinity though he home in the Leipzigerstrasse, their friends com­ was on more intimate terms with Ernst Toller and To sum up, we can say that Brod's book not plained " dass Mendelssohns so weit aus der Joseph Roth. only contains the life story of an outstanding Welt und in eine so abgelegene tote Gegend zoe- gen, wo das Gras auf den Strassen waechst". In Ossietzky he admired the complete absence writer and man of learning, but also the history Present-dav visitors to the spot might feel that of opportunism, whereas he describes a meeting of an epoch. Any reader, whether he was born the wheel has turned full-circle ! More relevant is with Gottfried Benn in Berlin after the war as or has lived in Prague or not, will enjoy this Devrient's report "dass Felix als Knabe mir an example of how an intellectual for whom he erzaehlte, er sei einem Militaerieichenzuge be­ had a certain sympathy made him feel the abyss book and will be captivated from the first to that had opened and could not be bridged. the last line. EUGEN WINTERBERG. gegnet und die Musik habe an einer Stelle mit einem hohen Triller eingesetzt, der ihrri ein One chapter contains letters from his sister who schneidender Ausdruck des Schmerzes geschienen. was deported to an extermination camp. Th'S * Max Brod : Strellbarcs Lcbcn. Kindler Verlaz. Muenchen So hatte er ihn, lange Jahre danach, in ' Anti­ chapter is extremely moving, describing life i" 1960. DM. 19.80. gone ' verwendet "—a strange analogy with a the Berlin Ghetto. An open mind and a desire similar experience in Mahler's childhood. to overcome prejudices must have been a fami'" feature of the Marcuses. The philosopher Marcuse In connection with his life-long search for a is still fond of the German people and. even more- Gorta Radiovision suitable operatic libretto, Mendelssohn once said: of the City of Berlin. However, he has no fof' " Deutsch muesste es sein und edel und heiter, sei giveness towards the woolly thinking of esoten Service es eine rheinische Volkssage oder sonst ein echt writers, who contributed to misleading the Gernia" (Member R.T.R.A ) nationales Ereignis oder Maerchen ... Es ist nicht Kohlhaas und nicht Blaubart oder Andreas Hofer middle-class. Professor Jung is one of those P 13, Frognal Parade, oder die Lorelei—aber etwas von alledem koennte passionately and mercilessly puts in the doe^- Rnchley Road, N.WJ dabei sein! " The student of the history of basing his indictment on documentary recoroSj German Jewry cannot fail to realise the signifi­ In Marcuse's view, it is the greatest sin to preten" SALES REPAIRS cance of these words, written by that great artist that a reality is the realisation of an ideal if< '" in whom assimilation had approached perfection. fact, it is only this ideal's distortion. All Leading Makes Supplied " My Twentieth Century " is not only an aUto Electrical Appliances Stocked H. W. FREYHAN. biography extremely well written ; it is also t" Mr. Gort will always be pleased lo kev to Marcuse's philosophical and Hterary * Hans Christonh Worbs : Felix Menddssohn-Bartholdy. writings. It enables us to see how they hav advise you. Wesen and Wlrken Im Splecd TOB Sclbstzeofnissen and developed with their writer. (HAM. 8635) Berichlen der Zeittenossen. Koehlcr und Amclang. Leipzig. 12s. 6d. LUTZ WELTMANN- AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 Page 9 Paul Wohlfarth Old Acquaintances

THEODOR FONTANE AND THE JEWS Home News:—Julius Gellner directed Erich Kaestner's " Emil and the Detectives " successfully Theodor Fontane, one of the most popular cannot be carried through." But he goes on: at the Mermaid.—Irene Prador is presenting a German novelists at the close of the 19th century, " All the people I know here, even officers and series, " German Cabaret", on records for the but already half forgotten by the end of the First aristocrats, are dependent on Jews to a high B.B.C. Home Service.—The German Institute will World War, has recently been brought back to degree, and their number is increasing every day. show H. Kaeutner's " Himmel ohne Sterne " on the attention of the German reader, mainly by the Of all houses in Berlin 61 % are in Jewish hands ; January 9th and 10th.—Marianne Deeming-Kupfer complete edition of his works in 21 volumes from there will be 80% within 20 years"—words well appeared in " Little Darlings " at the Adelphi.— •he Nymphenburg Verlag in Munich- It is not matched to Nazi phraseology. In a later letter he Walter Rilla can be seen in the German film *nly its literary wealth which justifies the enter­ writes: " It is all the same to us whether old " Love Now, Pay Later" at the Cinephone, prise. Fontane's novels are a mirror of the social Blucher's ancestor was a Wendish prince. So we opposite Selfridges. won't worry either, if in future the battles at the ^d cultural life in Germany before the First Milestones:—Anton Walbrook. who became World War, and therefore of eminent historical Katzbach are won by the descendants of Mosse, or of his chief editor, Levysohn." internationally known as Paula Wessely's partner interest. On the subject of German Jewry, so in Willi Forst's " Maskerade ", scripted by Walter 'nfluential in German life in many respects, the There are many sarcastic remarks of this sort in Reisch, became 60 last month in London. He novels are not very conclusive. There are Jews the letters, aimed not exclusively, but preferably, at arrived in England before the war and quickly |n " Adultera " and " The Stechlin ", it is true, but Jews. Already in the 'seventies, when Otto Brahm established himself on stage and screen. Unfor­ Ihey are rather insipid. To find out Fontane's (then a journalist, later a famous stage manager) gettable in Max Ophul's " La Ronde", Adolf attitude to the Jews of his time we must turn to left for Paris, Fontane wrote to a friend: " Little Wohlbrueck, as he is still called in Germany, another source, his letters. Fontane was the most Abrahamson is going to Paris. He will not be appeared lately on TV in " Venus Observed", charming and amusing of letter-writers ; letter taken for a Prussian officer and molested by the and he will be seen in London this month in Writing was a pleasure to him. Concerning the mob there." Remarks of this sort appear in the "Masterpiece" at the Royalty.—In Zurich, Ossip •"^ws, the most revealing, because written at the Friedlaender letters every now and then. " Pro­ Kalenter, the essayist and short-story writer, cele­ «nd of his life and therefore evidence of his fessor Lehfeld looks like a Jew, though he is a brated his 60th birthday.—In Berlin, Fritz Altersweisheit", are the letters to Georg Fried- Christian of the sixth generation. If this is the Schwiefert, author of " Marguerite: 3 ", celebrated 'aender (Quelle & Meyer, 1954). Friedlaender result, what is the use of baptism ? " " Oberhof his 70th birthday.—Berlin actor, Aribert Waescher, is packed with visitors; at the same time it is who retired because of bad health, is 65 years old. nrmself was a descendant of an old Jewish family. lonely, only green trees (" jriene Baume) and over­ "is great-grandfather, David Friedlaender (1750- dressed, affected Jewesses." " It was very nice in 'o34), played an important part in the Berlin Germany:—After an interval of eleven years, Kissingen, but we have enough Jews in Berlin. Annemarie Hase appeared again on a West Berlin f^iorm movement and was a friend of Moses Nine-tenths of the visitors were Jews, and the last ^cndelssohn. But already his grandfatiier, stage in Curt Goetz's " Dr. med Hiob Praetorius " tenth were so plain, certainly as concerned dress with Carlheinz Schroth at Hebbel Theater.— '*enoni. was a Christian, and Georg himself had and features, that I said to my wife: ' What a pity Wolfgang Fischer, who returned from Shanghai, nothing in common with Judaism. Fontane never the last tenth are not Jewish also.' The Jew, at again publishes a monthly in Bcriin.—H. N. ""ought of his Jewish origin, as the letters show, least, has got a nose and a good tailor." " Saint Crayon, formerly Hermann Krehan. arranged the f'riedlaender was a local judge (Amtsrichter), in Chre (bom Rosenthal). Berlin reporter of the decors for " Gianni Schicchi " in Hamburg and ^chmiedeberg, Riesengebirge, near the heahh Germanophobe ' Figaro ', was probably drifted to appeared in variety in Sweden and Denmark.— esort of Krummhubel, where Fontane spent Paris from Lemberg or Brodie. Small wonder that In Ulm, Peter Zadek successfully produced " Who's several summers with his wife and daughter and he dropped nearly all his German." And with Charley ?".—Heinz Ruehmann will play the Where the two men met and became friends. gusto he repeats the joke of the writer Paul Pallenberg part in a remake of " Der brave . J^ontane's attitude to the Jews is frequentiy Lindau : " A kick in the pants by the Duke of Suender" based on a Polgar story. ff.^^n from his poem " Siebzigster Geburtstag" Ratibor is better than a kiss from Bleichroeder. ;, ^yentieth Birthday"), where, disappointed by after all." There are, however, remarks in the US.A.:—Amongst Molnar's papers, Lili Darvas rne absence of the Prussian nobility, whom he had letters which are not at all intended as jokes. discovered a brand-new play, " There is a Play praised in so many of his novels and poems, and " This is the difference between the Christian and Tonight", written in 1930; it will be produced on urpnsed by so many Jewish congratulators, he Jewish spirit. The latter is dazzling and alluring, Broadway.—When Gustaf Gruendgens and his urns to^^ his Jewish publisher, Cohn, with the and every Berliner, including myself, falls for it ensemble come to New York's City Center and ords: " Kommen Sie. Cohn." But was he. as sooner or later. present "Faust" and "Tempest" simultaneous ^e mood of thjs little poem implies, a philo- translations will be provided for the audiences.— " There is certainly much to be gained from it. Henry Koster will direct " Flower Drum Song" Nevertheless, the Jewish spirit is a disaster and of next.—Walter Slezak will do a record album about a low standard through and through. After all, Vienna for Herbert Nelson, who has a minor best­ 1 J ^<""e looking for an answer in the Friedlaender the belief in Jewish superiority is most dubious, I Fo , ^'^ '""^^ 2"°^ for the biting quality of seller in his L.P. " Rudolf Nelson, the Story of a decidedly prefer the German boor (Knote). Con­ Life".—Karl Freund, the German-bom senior ontane's humour, due, perhaps, to his Gascon sidering how many opportunities the Jews enjoy, jjj'^'n ; to suppress a pungent remark was not to among the cameramen, is writing his autobio­ it is strange how mediocre the result is. They are graphy starting from the time when he obtained Dart 1^' *-*" ^^^ other hand, he recognised the clever and a good average only ; their best per­ itnrw. ? , ^'^ hy the Jews in the spiritual Ufe of a licence as the first projectionist in a Beriin formance is in medicine, after which the hoax cinema in 1905. ^ •^'•'al Germanv. He quotes, for instance, the begins." " Cliques are bad everywhere, but the Jew Professor Lasson: " Strange to say, the Jewish cliques are the worst. As I come to dislike Miscellaneous:—Fritz Kortner's first television com P'"°{"o'e German civilisation, and the German the agrarians more and more, so I do the Jewish production of " Lysistrata", starring Barbara rem u ^'°" '° exchange is anti-Semitism ". and spirit, which is quite a different thing from the Jews. Ruetting and Romy Schneider, ran into trouble: still ^ • " This is true, the first part, I am afraid, This spirit, which has dominated us for the last because the Church objects, several German the "??^ than the second . . . Quite apart from 50 years, has been greatly overestimated ; it repre­ stations refuse to televise it.—Bad Ischl will honour ettucal point. anti-Semitism is nonsense, it sents a low degree of civilisation." " The Jews the late Richard Tauber with a monument on his can have the highest intellectual delicacy, can deal 70th birthday, April 21st.—When David Carver, honestly in ideal matters, doing a lot of good, the British Secretary of the International P.E.N. giving and helping. At the same time they cheat Club, stopped in Vienna on his way back from and even deceive, always with an exalted, solemn, Budapest, Peter Weiser attacked him in Der ''Marriages" rabbinical look, convinced they are something Kurier, calling him an " undesirable" visitor exquisite, Jehovah's favourites." And on the because the Austrian members do not accept the (ANGLO-CONTINENTAL) occasion of the Dreyfus Affair: "The European Hungarians in the P.E.N.—The city of Vienna Press is one great Jewish fraud, attempting to honoured the late Leo Slezak by naming a street THE MAYFAIR & FINCHLEY force its opinion on the whole world." after him. AGENCY It is hardy possible to sum up all these sentences Obituary:—" Rolli" Gero, who died in his REGISTERED in a general statement. The formative principles fifties in Rome last month, was the first and of letter-writing are based on the absence of formal actually the only host of the refugees when he London's Leading Jewish and final convictions. The writer, owing to his opened the " Little Bar " in Prague and later on Ango/Continenfol Marriage Bureau changing moods, does not want to arrive at precise " Sonja's Plueschsofa " in Vienna and so gave a and objective conclusions. It would therefore be home to the homeless. Born in Berlin, he began An incomparable bona-fide exclusive wrong to scrutinise the statements of an artist in as an artist and. toeether with your columnist, service for Jewry In every age group, letter-writing, like Fontane, as if they were scien­ he was founder of the cabaret " Die Unmoeg­ ^'•°p6, business, or profession. Suit- tific opinions or even newspaper articles. There lichen " at the " Topp-Keller". The Nazis oble introductions negotiated confi­ is also no question that he would have condemned smashed his night club in Berlin and though he dentially, with discretion In absolute the atrocities and the principles of the Third Reich was not a Jew he went into exile with his guests. privacy. For details and day or evening with horror and disgust. We can only say that In his cheap little bars Sonja Wronkow enter­ appointments please write or telephone Fontane was deeply interested in the Jewish prob­ tained with sad Jewish songs. With his sister, in the first instance to our Flnchley lem, never coming to a conclusion about it and Dinah Nelken, Rolli survived the war in 'i'ugo- branch : therefore changing his mind every now and again. slavia and afterwards settled in Rome where he But he was not a true friend of our people. This TABZ"^ MARKET PLACE, HAMPSTEAD married. Many of his former guests will remember conclusion should not prevent us from enjoying him gratefully.—Hungarian violinist Edith Lorandt GARDEN SUBURB, LONDON, N.W.II his works for their humour, sincerity, and died aged 60 in New York. or telephone: SPEedwell 8151 humanity and appreciating him as one of the few outstanding German narrators of the 19th century. PEM Page 10 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961

Rabbiner Dr. M. Eschelbacher dieses grosse Werk hat ihn mit einem hohen SelbstgefUhl erfullt. "Soviel ich weiss ist eine Handelsgeschichte der alten Juden noch niemals RABBINER PROFESSOR DR. LEVI HERZFELD geschrieben worden, ja, es sind mir auch keine Vorarbeiten dazu bekannt," sagt er im Vorwort. Er durfte sich wohl als den Vater der historischen Landesrabbiner in Braunschweig, 1842-1884 Forschung auf einem wichtigen Gebiete betrach­ ten, von dem bisher nicht viele etwas gewusst Geboren am 27. Dezember 1810 hatten. Von seinem imneren Leben hat er nicht yiel Am 27. Dezember sind einhundertfUnfzig Jahre zuganglich Erst im letzten Abschnitt seines gesprochen, aber seine Beisetzung legt vielleicht seit der Geburt von Levi Herzfeld verflossen. Er Lebens, als ein schwer ieidender Mann, zog er am Ende Zeugnis ab. Rabbiner Rulf, sein Amts­ war bedeutend in seiner Zeit, hervorragend unter sich in sich selbst zuriick. nachfolger. wie schon erwahnt, hielt ihm e;nen den Rabbinern seiner Generation und einer der Dauernd lebt er fort als ein grosser Historiker ergreifenden Nachruf, und nach ihm sprachen ein grossen Erforscher unserer judischen Geschichte. unserer alten Zeit. Sein Hauptwerk ist die grosse katholischer und ein protestantischer Pfarrer. Am 10. Marz 1884 ist er gestorben. Im Verlaufe " Geschichte des Volkes Israel" in der Periode Dann blickte, wie das Braunschweiger Tageblatt der funfundsiebzig Jahre seit seinem Tode ist von der Zerstorung des ersten Tempels bis in die berichtete, "der Himmel friedlich auf das von sein Andenken verblasst, aber nicht erloschen. Makkabaerzeit, 600 bis 130, in drei Banden, einem fdrmlichen Berg von Kranzen bedeckte Der einhundertfunfzigste Geburtstag ist ein guter 1847-1856. Die Jahrhunderte, die er erforscht frische Grab". So zeigt sein Leichenbegangnis, Anlass, es neu zu erwecken. und dargestellt hat, liegen im Dunkel. Ueber dass er die Grundsiitze der Reform, die er verkun- unsere fruhere Geschichte unterrichten uns die det, auf sein eigenes Leben angewendet hat. Die Er war in Ellrich, im Harz, zwischen Gottingen Bucher der Bibel, die Thorah, Josua und Richter, Krauze waren eine Abkehr von einer alten, tief und Nordhausen, geboren und genoss eine Samuel und die Biicher der Konige. Aber aus in das judische Bewusstsein eingesenkten Sitte, griindliche judische Erziehung. Der vomehmste der Zeit nachher haben wir in der Bibel nur die und die Gemeinde Braunschweig muss iiberzeugt Lehrer seiner Jugend war Samuel Egers, ein Bucher Esra und Nehemia und die Chronik, zu gewesen sein, dass sie dem Sinne des Heimgegan­ Vetter von dem grossen Akiba Eger, dem Ober- denen spater die Schriften von Josephus und eine genen entsprach. Aber gerade diese Einstellung landesrabbiner in Posen. Er war der Landes­ Menge anderer zerstreuter Quellen kommen. zu unserer Vergangenheit hat Herzfeld mit einem rabbiner von Braunschweig. In ejnem hand- Herzberg hat den ganzen Stoff, der zu seiner Zeit tiefen judischen Stolz erfiillt. Als Heinrich schriftlich erhaltenen curriculum vitae nennt ihn vorlag, durchforscht und durchdrungen und in Ewald, der grosse Gottinger Orientalist, in einer Herzfeld " einen Talmudisten ersten Ranges-" einer endlosen Arbeit aus ungezahlten Fragmenten bosartigen Kritik an Herzfeld's Geschichte, die Das war er in Wirklichkeit. Er hat in seiner ein Gesamtbild entworfen. Seine Starke lag dabei ihm keine Ehre macht, behauptete, Herzfeld habe eigenen Art die Gegensatze, die im neunzehnten in der Untersuchung der Einzelheiten, weniger in gezeigt " wie leicht nicht nur ein hamischer und Jahrhundert im deutschen Judentum mit einander ihrer Umschaffung zu einem lebendigen Ganzen. boshafter, sondern Uberhaupt truber und niedriger gerungen haben, in sich getragen und versdhnt. Seither sind neue Quellen gefunden worden, von Sinn dem heutigen Judentum anhafte ", erwiderte Streng gesetzestreu und in der Tradition lebend denen er noch nichts wissen konnte. Das Bild Herzfeld voller Wurde: " Im Hinblick auf die hat er doch eine Forderung seiner Tage erfullt jener drei Jahrhunderte, die er erforscht hat, das augenscheinliche VerjiJngung des Judentums in als er 1831 in Braunschweig die Konfirmation sich uns heute bietet, ist infolgedessen weit ent­ unseren Tagen darf ich hierzu schweigen ". fur Knaben und Madchen einfuhrte. Bei ihm fernt von dem, das er entwerfen konnte, und insofern ist seine Darstellung veraltet. Aber sein Im Verlaufe der funfundsiebzig Jahrc seit hat der junge Herzfeld "den Talmud und die Ruhm als ein Bahnbrecher wird dadurch nicht seinem Tode ist er in den Hintergrund getreten, iibrige judische Theologie " studiert, und von ihm bceintrachtigt. Er stand ja vor einer ungewohn­ aber er ist nicht vergessen. Die jiidische hat er, noch jung, erst 23 Jahr alt, Hattorath lichen Aufgabe. Er stellte chronologische Unter­ Gemeinde in Braunscheig wird den Gedenktag, Horaah, die Autorisation als Rabbiner, erhalten. suchungen an und setzte aus vielen, vielen an sein Jubilaum, feierlich begehen. Nur wenige, die Nach einem glanzenden Abitur auf dem Braun- sich wenig besagenden Zeugnissen ein grosses heute dort leben, werden je auch nur von ihm schweiger Gymnasium bezog er die Universitat, Mosaik dieses halben Jahrtausends zusammen. gehort haben. Aber indem sie eine Zeit ehren, wo er Philosophie und Orientalia studierte. Dabei erfullte ihn eine grosse Hoffnung. Er die ganz Vergangenheit geworden ist, legen sie Daneben lemte er dort weiter Talmud bei Jacob wollte zeigen " wie reich an Geistestatigkeit und doch noch ein Zeugnis und ein Bekenntnis ab. Joseph Oettinger. Wie Egers war auch diescr an Anziehendem uberhaupt auch diese 450 Jahre Im Andenken an einen bedeutenden Mann Rabbi mit der Gabe gesegnet, die widerstre­ sich erweisen werden, wenn sie aus ihrem bishe­ verbmden sie das Judentum von einst mit dem benden Stromungen der Zeit in sich aufzuneh­ rigen Dunkel nur erst vdllig hervorgeholt sein anderen von heute, das nach der Katastrophe men und Frieden zwischen ihnen zu stiften. Bis werden." wieder in Dcutsehland erwachsen ist. dahin waren die, die sich das Leben genommen hatten, in einem abgesonderten Winkel des Friedhofs beigesetzt worden. Aber Oettinaer Pionierwerk als Forscber WORLD JEWRY INTELLIGENCE CENTRE schaffte diesen Brauch ab, als 1827 der Friednof Seine Wissenschaft hat ihn mit einem tiefen Up to now there has been no scientific Schonhauser Allee eroffnet wurde. Er entschied inneren GlUck erfullt. Davon zeugt der Schluss- approach to a study of what Israeli and Diaspora auch, dass Samuel Holdheim, dcr Wortfuhrer absatz vom Vorwort zum dritten Band : " Und Jewries know of each other. Information has einer radikalen Reform, in der Reihe der nun, nachdem auch dieses Vorwort geschrieben ist. been of a haphazard and even unreliable nature. Rabbiner beigesetzt werden kdnne. 1836 bin ich zu Ende mit einem Werk, an welchem ich An Institute for Contemporary Jewry has there­ promovierte Herzfeld. Egers war erblindet, er uber achtzehn Jahre gearbeitet habe, mit grosser fore been established at the Hebrew University, wurde sein Adjunkt und nach seinem Tode sein Liebe. Dieses Zeugnis darf ich mir geben. Ich the head of which is Professor Moshe Davis. Nachfolger. Mehr als vierzig Jahre hindurch, habe daran geschrieben in guten und in bosen This will serve as a centre of intelligence for the von 1842 bis 1884, hat er sein Amt in Braun­ Tagen, diese Arbeit hat die guten mir noch entire Jewish world. schweig verwaltet. erhoben und an den bosen Tagen mir zu meinem Trost beigetragen. Mit diesem empfangenen Professor Davis has been granted a two-year " EiD Prophet hn Talar " leave of absence from the Jewish Theological Lohn bin ich vollkommen zufrieden, und Gott. Seminary of America, of which he is Provost and Er stand mitten in dem Kampf um eine in dessen Dienst dieses Werk geschrieben ist, sei Associate Professor of American Jewish History Refo'rm unseres Gottesdienstes und eine emeute innig gedankt fur die mir bis jetzt geschenkte in the Faculty of the Rabbinical School of the Formulierung des Religionsgesetzes, insbesondere Kraft. Moge Er mich auch fernerhin nicht ver­ Seminary, in order to organise and to head the der Ehegesetzgebung. So hat er m seiner lassen." Institute and to serve as its Visiting Professor. Gemeinde gewirkt und so war er daruber hinaus Seine Zuversicht ist erfullt worden. Nach He has completed a special mission to the United ein FiiTirer. Die erste Rabbinerversammlung fast zwei Jahrzehnten der Arbeit an seiner States to initiate the establishment of a Records dieser Epoche wurde 1845 in Braunschweig Geschichte hat er nicht auf seinen Lorbeeren aus- Centre of American Jewish life and institutions abgehalten. Die Wahl des Tagungsortes allein geruht, sondem sein anderes grosses Hauptwerk. at the Hebrew University. He has also visited schon erweist, dass Herzfeld ein Vorkampfer der die •' Handelsgeschichte der Juden im Altertum " Jewish communities in Latin-American countries neuen Bewegung war. Er war gross als Prediger, an Angriff genommen und 1897 vollendet. Hier for a similar purpose, and has been to Britain, als einen Propheten im Talar hat ihn sein beschreibt er die Phasen des judischen Handels France and Belgium to enlist the co-operation of Amtsnachfolger Rulf an seiner Bahre gefeiert. von der Einwanderung in Kanaan. etwa 1200 Jewish communities in the creation of a Records Aber die praktische Wirksamkeit hat er daruber v.Ch., bis in die Zeit der Herrschaft der Ptole- Centre of World Jewry. nicht versaumt. Es wurde ihm nachgeriihmt, dass maer, im vierten Jahrhundert, und noch spater, er der Schopfer vieler wohltatiger Stiftungen und bis tief in die talmudische Zeit hinein. Er unter­ Vereine in Braunschweig und den Landgemeinden sucht MUnzen. Maasse und Gewichte dieser Swiss gewesen sei. Er hatte acht Kinder und war anderthalb Jahrtausende und schatzt und berech­ Humidifieri dadurch sein Leben lang aufgeschlossen fiir die net Warenpreise. er entwickelt aus dem Talmud (Verdunbter> Frcuden und die Note der Jugend. So sehr er die wichtigsten Satze unseres alten Handelsrechts for your auch als Forscher in seiner eigenen Welt lebte, und erhellt mit alien diesen Einzelheiten ein CENTRAL war er doch bis zur Schwelle des Alters alien Gebiet, das bisher im Dunkel gelegen hatte. Auch HEATING Small unit 34/6 THE NEW HOMES BIJILDIIVG SOCIETY, Ei%ST TWICKENHAM Large unil POPesgrove 7402 63/10 Chairman : AnUionr Marlowe. M.P. Directors : J. Cowen. C.B.E.. D. Schonlleld, F.A.L.P.A.. H. Baron. No running costs. Fill with water only. INVEST IN A SOCIETY WITH A PROUD POLICY. For healthier breathing in your home. LOANS TO OWNER OCCUPIERS ONLY ! THE HUMIDIFIER COMPANY INTEREST PAID FROM 4J TO 41% TAX PAD) 25, Bridge Road, Wembley Park, Middlesex DiiMcl AiMli tkriMwhoal U.K. ARNeld 7603 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 Page II CULTURAL NEWS KURT MESSOW—LAWYER AND POET Among the few Jews who survived the horror EXHIBITIONS BY THREE GERMAN JEWS WALTER GOEHR regime in Berlin was a lawyer, Kurt Messow. He owed his life to the courageous assistance of a Erich Kahn and Margarete Brauer Walter Goehr, who collapsed and died after con­ woman whom he married after the war when the ducting a " Messiah " performance in SheflSeld on Nuremberg Laws were repealed. From 1945 Paintings by Erich Kahn and Margarete Brauer December 4th—aged 57—was one of the foremost onwards, he held high oflices in the legal adminis­ were shown at the Molton Gallery (44 South among the German-Jewish musicians who had tration of Berlin. Messow's gifts as a lawyer were Molton Street, W.l). This gallery has made a come to this country in the 1930s. He was born coupled with high talent as a poet, and collections name in the London market for modern art in Berlin, where he attended the Friedrichs of his work were published in several volumes despite its short existence. The gallery directors, Werdersches Gymnasium. (I still have memories from 1954 onwards. He died on November 28th, Mrs. Juda and Mrs. Stern, have made a point of of the highly gifted "Primaner" who excelled at 1955. To mark the 5th anniversary of his death, exhibiting Jewish painters of hope and promise, school concerts.) He studied in Berlin and was a further collection, which makes very pleasant following this trend the gallery recently showed for a time under Schoenberg. reading, was issued under the heading " Seelc" two painters of distinction, Erich Kahn and In this country he held appointments with lead­ (Erich Blaschker Veriag, Berlin, 1960). The artistic Margarete Brauer. ing gramophone companies; after the war he con­ value of the contents is confirmed by the fact that Erich Kahn was born in 1904 in Stuttgart. He has ducted the B.B.C. Theatre Orchestra. Later his the poet Albrecht Goes enhanced it by a postscript trequently exhibited in London and abroad and activities extended to various European countries, in which he pays tribute to the personality of the nis Works are in many public and private collec­ the U.S.A. and Israel. author who managed " to bear the straggle between tions. He emigrated to this country in 1939 and An inspiring all-round musician, he was at home the burden of life and the urge for freedom, nas since been living and working in London, \^ith the music of all periods. Besides promoting between the shortcomings of our world and the •he initiated consider him an eccentric with a the cause of contemporary music, he did out­ joy of existence ". " Messow ", Albrecht Goes touch of genius ; his style and working method standing work for the great 17th-century composer says, " loved his German mother tongue and knew niake it diflicult for the critic to pigeon-hole him, Monteverdi, whose " Vespers" he edited and how to use it for his poetic creations ". tor he is neither completely abstract nor com­ conducted in several notable performances pletely figurative. There is definitely an inner including, quite recently, one at York Minster. AN AUSTRIAN GUIDE TO conflict within him which compels him to split His stimulating influence will be much missed CONTEMPORARY HISTORY nunself artistically into these two contrasting styles on the musical scene here and abroad. without easily arriving at their synthesis. His H. W. FREYHAN. A manual summarising the most important extraordinary temperament causes colouristic events of the period 1918-1960 has been published explosions, so that his canvases mirror in DEATH OF ERNST ROWOHLT by the Oesterreichischer Kulturverlag in Salzburg, exuberant colours the overflowing passions of this which is closely associated with the Oester­ »rtist, who seems neither willing nor capable of " Why did you publish the autobiography of reichische Gemeinschaft, a genuinely progressive controlling himself. There is no doubt that Erich Arnolt Bronnen, a notorious turncoat who Catholic group whose Uvely joumal. Die Oester­ IJ-ahn is a genuine artist who looks at himself and changed from Nazism to Communism ? ", I asked reichische Nationa, is strongly opposed to neo- JJ? world around him with a very passionate my neighbour, Emst Rowohlt, in a Bcriin Nazi and anti-Semitic tendencies in Austria. The ""nd. Some of his works are like painted poems theatre a few years ago. " In order to be able manual—" Gegenwartskunde", by Dr. Ernst th "'U^'cal compositions. One is inclined to think to publish books by some of your friends whose Joseph Goeriich (339 pages, price 10s.)—is in ' u ^'''•*''<^ aims are best realised pictorially works are not selling so well", he answered. informative in recording the anti-Semitic crimes " the portraits (somehow reminiscent of In fact, Rowohlt, who died last month in Ham­ and unambiguous in their condemnation. •^OKoschka), in which he combines intensive emo- burg 73 years old, was the only German publisher °" with remarkable craftsmanship. who could and did ignore politics, and printed ANNE FRANK DIARY 1- Ma^Sarete Brauer was bom 1890 in Beriin and not only Bruno and Leonhard Frank, Tucholsky, "ved in Kassel from 1913 until she emigrated to Ringelnatz, and Mehring but also Erast von The publishing house of S. Fischer has sold Salomon and Celine, the anti-Semite. He went a total of 753,000 copies of the German pocket Ka 1 ^'"'^^ '^^^ ^^^ ^^^ *'^en living again in into business in 1908, became an officer during edition of "The Diary of Anne Frank", which J^assel as a painter of well-established reputation. the First World War, and, together with Hasen­ is understood to Be a record for any pocket Da" t- "^ sincerity and straightforwardness her edition in Germany. Ah", ^^ are a great and pleasant surprise. clever and Kokoschka, in 1919 started his pub­ Wo w ^' and figurative elements blend in her hshing company, which quickly made itself a The " Diary" has now been pubhshed in eirk-u- !" ^ natural and organic way. In this name by editing Balzac's works in 43 volumes. Russian in a large edition, with an introduction by =«ibition Israeli biblical landscapes and biblical Rowohlt was a friend of his authors and paved llva Ehrenburg. "All know," writes Ehrenburg, bQiu^s are represented in a style which combines the way in Germany for Hemingway, Faulkner, " that the Nazis murdered six million Jews. be] "'gnity and pictorial impressiveness. She Thomas Wolfe, and Sinclair Lewis. He went into citizens of some twenty Siates. ' The Diary of end°"^^ to those women artists who, though exile to Brazil when the Nazis interfered in his Anne Frank ' should serve as a warning to all n.~°^cd with great feminine sensibility, are business, but returned during the war to Germany to do everytKing to prevent a recurrence of such trast^K '" colour, outline and form. This con- because, as he said, he did not want to miss the a tragedy ". A film of the book, to have been anJ . "Ctween form and content, artistic message downfall of Hitier. One year after the end of produced in Moscow, has so far not obtained an a|.j . --'..-..li luiiii aiiu W.U111C111, aiiiMi\. iiicsvagc the war he invented " ro-ro-ro", cheap pocket official permit to be shown to the Russian public. gj It^"s expression, spells a great charm. Margarete and » ^'""^s certainly to this group of subtle books printed like newspapers, and his fir&t best­ and » ''^'°°8s certainly to this group of subtle seller was Ceram's " Goetter, Graeber und JEWISH NEWSPAPERS 'ane'f^stron °"^g women artists in whom the simul- Gelehrte ". Never afraid of controversial books. the fl °^ reason and feeling does not obstruct Rowohlt published von Salomon's " Fragebogen ". Mr. Josef Fraenkel. when he contributed to a Onlv ,^ of creative power, but enhances it. Not and also Sartre, Musil, and " Lolita", not to • Living Newspaper" held in Yiddish by the 8oua Vi °'''' ''"' ^'**' ^^^ monotypes and speak of Lawrence's " Lady C". He was one British Section of the World Jewish Congress and oiiaiil '- ^""c works of artistic integrity and of the first residents of Western countries who the Association of Jewish Joumalists and Authors luaiity of a rare standard. visited Russia, and had a licence from all four in London recently, stated that there are nearly occupation powers. Rowohlt was in every respect 1.100 Jewish newspapers in tTie world today. Lottie Reizenstein a unique personality, the last great man among Of those puBlisfied in the Diaspora, 48 per cent The the German publishers. are in English. Mr. Fraenkel was talking about m thic '''""'er Lottie Reizenstein. now well known the forlhcoming World Conference of Jewish has be '^°"J"''X through a number of exhibitions, PEM. Joumalists in Israel. of Sir?" '""wing water-colours, gouaches and oils A world union of Jewish joumalists, he said, Offirl. •'^"^^"''^'^Pes at the Italian State Tourist DUTCH-JEWISH ARTIST'S EXHIBrnON could become a new and potent force in the extensii"i "^fSent Street. The artist has travelled Jewish world, besides raising the prestige of the artistic h "" ^"™P? and these pictures are the The Anglo-Netherlands Society recentiy held a profession. He recalled the attempts which had at ,h' J.3^«t of a joumey to Italy. She looks private exhibition of the works of the Dutch- previously been made to convene a World Con­ iiig;>- s ewi7h''-'^ aicihan" lanrf^rarlandscapwe aniinrdi architectura!>rfhi'tprtiirol builKiiiMd . hal Jewish artist. Japp Davids, in honour of his ference and the failure to do so because of the di^ern 1? '""^i"? and understanding eye. She memory. language difficulties which had arisen between the daf" ^'^awhat iISs paintable and decorative here and Yiddishists and Hebraists. courao • "eautify nature—a purpose for which LECTURE ON RITUAL ART ''eautv '^."eeded nowadays. She can convey the BALLET OF " DYBBUK " piece of^i P'easure which emanate from a given At a lecture Dr. Cecil Roth gave at the Jewish ^nsp f 'andscape, for she has taste and an innate Museum on Jewish ritual art, he stated that The ballet " The Dybbuk" had its world Paimpr '^*''°"''. light and contrast. But the Germany, even more than Spain and Italy, was premifere at the Royal Opera House in Ghent, "«ss- ch^^^l 'descends to cheap tricks of pretti- the essential home of Jewish ritual art. This art Belgium. The performance was televised and since're • ^ ^^^^ remains a conscientious and dated back not more than 1,000 years, but nothing received favourable comment. It was presented by e^Peciali"^"'^^'^' ^^'^ water-colours and gouaches of remarkable antiquity had been preserved, due the Ballet des Deux Mondes and the choreo­ she ha« ^^^- '™* ^^^ sensitive images of what to tfie loss of articles because of persecution of grapher was Herbert Ross. Precisp ^5" '" ^^^^ wonderful countrv ; thev are the Jews and because money had always been "le Sam* • ^*'°^ P'^^^ °^ craftmanship, and at devoted first for the aid of suffering rather than RUSSIAN POET REMEMBERED lot aiS^i™^ imaginative and poetical. She does for religious art. eentu^ •" ti'adition-^ne is reminded of 18th- A special meeting in Moscow, organised by give ul painters like Guardi—and her pictures SHOLEM ASCH MEMORIAL the Union of Soviet Writers, commemorated the Painting ^|nsation of joie de vivre. as do those memory of the late Leib Kvitko on the 70th epocij th ^ "'*^'^* beautiful and harmonious The Municipal Council in Kutno. Western anniversary of his birth. He was one of the our own. Poland, is to erect a monument to commemorate leading Yiddish poets shot in the mass execution R. SPIRA. the birth of Sholem Asch. of Jewish writers under Stalin's regime. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 70th BIRTHDAY OF ALFRED S. DRESEL PERSONALIA BERTHA BADT-STRAUSS 75 OUR VICE-CHAIRMAN SPOKESMAN FOR JEWS FROM GERMANY Mrs. Bertha Badt-Strauss recently celebrated her 75th birthday in Shreveport, La., U.S.A. Her On January 3rd, our Vice-Chairman, Mr. works include books on Annette von Droste- Alfred S. Dresel, will celebrate his 70th The Council of Jews from Germany joins Huelshoff and Rahel Varnhagen and also an birthday. He has been closely associated its British constituent, the AJR, in congratulat­ appraisal of the role played by Jewish women in with the AJR since its inception, first as a ing Mr. Alfred S. Dresel most sincerely on Berlin at the beginning of the 19th century, pub­ Board member, later on as a member of the the occasion of his 70th birthday. Mr. Dresel lished under the title " Judinnen ". At the same Executive and since 1954 as its Vice-Chairman. has been a member of the British Executive time she has become widely known by her Committee of the Council for most of the time innumerable contributions to periodicals both in Work in the legal and economic field has since the Council was established in 1945. He Germany prior to her emigration and now in shaped his professional career, and at an early has attended nearly every meeting and his wise countries of resettlement. age he obtained a responsible position with advice, at all times and willingly given, has In the course of the past years, AJR Information the old-established Banking House, Mendels­ been of the utmost benefit to the Council. He has also had the privilege of enlisting her co-opera­ sohn & Co., in BerUa The fact that work for has represented the Council most effectively tion, and her articles have always been of par­ the Jewish community became a decisive part ticular value due to the profound knowledge on as a member of the Executive of the Jewish which they are based and to the impressive way in of his life only at a later stage makes it easier Trust Corporation for Germany, which for him to see many things in their wider which they are presented. As it hap[)ens, this context and to estimate at their true value administers the reclaimed property of Jewish issue again carries an article by Bertha Badt- persecutees in those parts of Germany which Strauss in which she pays tribute to a leading " ideological" differences or organisational Jewish woman of our times and at the same time ambitions. used to form the British Zone of Germany and of Berlin, and also repeatedly at con­ brings to life memories many of us had to share. On behalf of her many friends in this country, we The spheres ia which Alfred Dresel's gifts ferences with authorities in Germany, dealing convey our sincerest congratulations to Bertha have been beneficial for our community are with matters of restitution and indemnification. Badt-Strauss. as multifarious as the work of the AJR and To these basic facts, a few more personal its associated organisations. His activities under words may be added. PEM 60 the auspices of the Council of Jews from Germany in legislative and judicial questions Three qualities above all others are required For all who know him—and their number must concerning the compensation of Nazi vic­ for the effective work for the community which be tremendous—it will be a surprise that, on Dresel has been doing; all these qualities are January 18, Pem will have reached the venerable tims are dealt with in a separate tribute. age of 60. Though he may look back on a In the AJR his main—but by no means only— his to a remarkable degree. The most impor­ tant is certainly the spirit of friendship and successful career which started many decades ago, efforts are centred on the Homes for the his youthful appearance and temperament make it Aged. The outsider may not realise how much human kindness shown by Dresel both in his hard to believe in the truth of the birth certifi­ work, experience and devotion this entails. public work and in his private life. The second cate! There are questions of building, of financing, is the adroitness and practical ability of a In addition to his diligent and widespread of selecting applicants, to quote only a few man of affairs, acquired in his many years of journalistic activities, he has also three books to examples. In tackling these problems as a successful activity as a lawyer, turned banker, his credit. Two of them—" Heimweh nach dem member of the Management Committee for in Berlin. The third, important in the case of Kurfuerstendamm" and " Der Himmel haengt the Homes, Alfred Dresel excels owing to a legal work such as is done by the Council in voller Geigen "—appeared in Germany after the matters of restitution and indemnification, is war. His third book—" Strangers Everywhere "—• strong feeling of justice and an undogmatic, was pubHshed in England before the war and, practical approach. At the same time he is a really solid fund of legal knowledge. The based on personal stories, depicts the initial a most effective negotiator. present writer has often admired how this struggles and also successes of refugees from Ger­ fund of knowledge amassed by Diesel in his many in this country ; thus Pem has also con­ Yet above all he is driven by a deeply younger days has remained intact throughout tributed to the historiography of our community- rooted urge to be of help to his fellow- many years of activity outside the legal profes­ Yet it would be against his nature to be confined refugees. There is hardly a single day when sion and is paying good dividends to this day. to writing-desk and typewriter. His is in constant he has not to attend to some of the tasks of touch with innumerable people, and many visitors His quite remarkable youthfulness encourages from abroad make a point of seeing him when the AJR, and hardly a week passes in which all his friends and co-workers to hope that he has not to participate in one or several they pass through London. At the same time, he Alfred S. Dresel will be spared to his wife and is a living address index, and enquirers from all meetings. The position the AJR has been able comers of the world (including readers of to establish is in no small degree due to the children, to his friends and to our cause, for many years to come. W.B. AJR Information) tap on his infallible fact that one of their spokesmen is Alfred resources. Dresel, who, by his open-mindedness and CONSTRUCTIVE AND HELPFUL This paper is indebted to him for his integrity, is respected and liked by all who regular feature " Old Acquaintances" which is have dealings with him. Alfred Dresel's seventieth birthday gives me eagerly expected by our friends every month. It is With feelings of affection and of gratitude a welcome opportunity to express my great therefore not quite unselfish if we sum up our for his indefatigable services we wish Mr. good wishes to Pem by expressing the hope that respect for him. I remember well when I first the happy co-operation between him and AJR Dresel many years to come of undiminished met him in the 'twenties ; he was then legal Information may go on for many years to come. happiness, health and activity. adviser to Mendelssohn & Co., who were at May he also enjoy life in the future to the same W.R. that time the leading private banking house in full extent as he has in the past. Berlin. In various negotiations in which we were jointly engaged during that period I was MEDAL FOR RUSSIAN-JEWISH PHYSIOST TRIBUTE FOR SERVICES much impressed by his painstaking attention to detail, but however much he looked into all The famous Russian-Jewish physicist and Ir. my capacity as Chairman of the Jewish the particulars of a problem he never lost Professor of Theoretical Physics at Moscow Trust Corporation I had an opportunity of sight of the fundamental issues and the basic University. Dr. Lev Davidovic Landau, has been welcoming Mr. Dresel at many meetings of awarded the Max Planck Medal for 1960 at the standards to be applied. He is that combina­ annual congress of the Association of German Ihe Council of the Corporation, and I had tion which is rare at all times and particularly Physicist Societies in Wiesbaden. The award also the pleasure of thanking him recentiy for so nowadays—a man of strong principles and stated that Dr. Landau was " one of the most his work as one of the Trustees of the Equity a thorough empiricist. outstanding theoreticians " in the world and " has Hardship Fund. When the Hitler regime forced Alfred Dresel brought new methods " to the world of science. As Chairman of the Allocations Committee to emigrate from Germany, he decided to settie POLISH WRITER HONOURED of the Central British Fund which applies funds down in this country. As in the land of his allocated by the Jewish Trust Corporation for origin, so again in that of his adoption, he did Pinchas Bomstein, former Secretary to I L- the assistance of refugees in this country, I much constructive work and stimulated his Peretz, has been awarded the Order of the Silver wish to pay my tribute to him for the splendid friends with his sound questions and his pro­ Cross of Poland for his revolutionary writings and found observations. fisht for the freedom of Poland. services rendered by him as a member of the "Bornstein. who is now 74, was imprisoned for Management Committee of the Old Age All who have the privilege of knowing long periods before the war for his Communist Homes established by the Allocations Com­ Alfred Dresel appreciate with deep gratitude ideology and pro-Soviet writings. mittee in co-operation with the Association of the wise and helpful approach which he brings Jewish Refugees. His wise counsel and to every task and problem which comes his AMERICAN AWARD TO ISAAC WOLFSON untiring enthusiasm have been of the greatest way. May he have for very many years to The Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations assistance to me and his colleagues. come a full measure of the happiness and of America has presented Mr. Isaac Wolfson with satisfaction which he deserves. a special Award "For Service to World Jewry . SIR HENRY d'AVIGDOR GOLDSMID. SIEGMUND WARBURG. at their biennial convention held in Atlantic City- AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 Page 13 bertha Badt-Strauss " Can you imagine my consternation when I entered a hall packed with eight hundred per­ sons, with whom I was to have 'intimate CENTENARY OF HENRIETTA SZOLD conversation' about the children from whom they had voluntarily separated ? " Fathers and mothers, uncles and aunts, rushed to the A Personal Reminiscence of her Visit to Germany little woman and overwhelmed her with personal messages. This happened in 1935, twenty-five years fortified us to bear the trials of the time and She stood like a rock in the midSit of a ago in Berlin. The German Jews slowly the ever-increasing misery of humiliation. But stormy sea. She was supposed to know every­ realised that the Hitler nightmare would not there was one thing which we could not know thing and everybody. They asked her advice disappear overnight as some wishful thinkers at that time ; what this visit to Hitler Germany about problems ranging from what to do amongst them had hoped. From day to day, meant to Miss Szold herself. Those Berlin about the children's tonsils to prospective .^ere were new humiliations and persecutions. days seem to have given her a deeper insight bridegrooms for their daughters, and Miss The notorious Nuremberg Laws had deprived into her own mission. This is how it came Szold did not disappoint these frantic, lonely the Jews of their rights; they became pariahs. about. parents. Although she could not know every­ one, she seemed to know everything. They Then, a little old lady jn a neat black dress, Public Meeting in Berlin ^me from Palestine to Germany. She was went home feeling that there was a motherly Henrietta Szold, eldest daughter of Rabbi At her fir&tBerli n meeting, the speaker was eye watching their beloved ones from whom °«njamin Szold of Baltimore, and she came Julius Seligsohn He recalled that, some forty they had parted. 'o Berlin, though her friends and relatives years earlier, the Philadelphia Jews had In 1937, two years later, Miss Szold made Wanted her to cancel the dangerous trip. Her planned to celebrate the centenary of the great her last visit to Germany. Then she wrote to ^sit had been scheduled long before the Jewish-German philosopher, Moses Mendels­ her sisters: " The Jews are living corpses. Their onunous Nuremberg Laws had been made sohn. They had chosen Rabbi Benjamin only cry is ' Save our children!'" We all public. That she did come, in spite of all Szold of Baltimore to deliver the principal know how Henrietta Szold responded to that obstacles, gave the Berlin Jews some of their address. Seligsohn quoted passages from that cry. She went to her eternal rest in 1945 but courage back ; they decided that not one of address, words well remembered by Rabbi whenever a child is hospitably welcomed in 'he meetings with Miss Szold should be can­ Szold's daughter. Miss Szold, both embar­ Israel, her spirit seems to rest upon him As celled. rassed and proud, confessed that she felt "as long as Youth Aliyah is able to gather in its At this time, Henrietia Szold was a " young if she were protected by the rock from which sons and daughters, Henrietta Szold will con­ Woman of seventy-five" as she called herself. she was hewn ". It seemed to her as if her tinue to be what she wanted to be: a joyful • told us: "I am sharing with you a moment sainted father had jgiven his blessing to her mother of children whom she saved from per­ •n history which is at once depressing and work for Youth Aliyah. secution and who she helped to build up a elevating." After her return to Palestine, she There was another of these meetings which new life in the old-new homeland of their eported that her presence among us had Miss Szold described in a letter to her sisters. fathers.

The new HIGH in girdles

fT un parfum de JEAN P^^T O IJ''^'^'^ Corsets Silhouette Ud., 84 Baker Street, london. W.l parfum i oz 29/6 i oz 52/6 parfum cologne IS/6 Page 14 AJR INFORMATION January, 1961

Hertha ISeufeld IN MEMORY OF MRS. KAETE SCHWARZ It is learaed with deep regret that Mrs. Kaete Schwarz, of Hindhead, passed away recently, 64 "UNSERE" BIBLIOTHEK years old. Her well-known guest house, " Furze­ down ", had become a landmark for our com­ Die Bibliothek der AJR ist vor mehr als fuenf wieder lesen moechten: Felix Dahn, Georg Ebers, munity. There, together with her husband who Jahren als Teil des " Social Service Department" Theodor Storm, Wilhelm Raabe, Adalbert Stifter. had predeceased her, she built up an atmosphere entstanden. Sic begann mit einigen wenigen Theodor Fontane, Viktor Scheffel. Gottfried which gave her guests the feeling of being really Buechem, die im Wesentlichen an aeltere, kranke Keller, Conrad Ferdinand Meyer. Das meiste at home. She was one of those in our midst Menschen verliehen wurden, um Freude und Interesse finden sicherlich die Romane und who bravely adjusted her life to the change of Anregung in ihr Leben zu bringen. Sie hat heute Theaterstuecke, die am Ende des 19. und im circumstances necessitated by emigration. No einen Bestand von ca. 2.500 Baenden, Geschenke ersten Drittel des 20. Jahrhunderts veroeffentlicht efforts were too great for her where the well- von Freunden und Mitgliedern und Zuweisungen wurden. z.B. von Gerhart Hauptmann. Arthur being of those in her charge was concemed, and aus Nachlaessen. Es ist selbstverstaendlich. dass Schnitzler, Hugo v. Hofmannsthal, Hermann thus she became a helpful friend to all who bei dieser Form des Entstehens der Bibliothek Hesse, Ricarda Huch, Georg Hermann, Jacob keinerlei Richtlinien fuer Anschaffung der Buecher Wassermann, Franz Werfel, Arnold Zweig, Stefan stayed at her place. The unflinching services she massgebend sein konnten. Dafuer hat die Samm­ Zweig, Thomas Mann, Johannes R. Becher. rendered in her own way to people of our back­ lung den Reiz der Vielseitigkeit. Man kann heute, Werner Bergengruen, Alfred Doeblin. ground will always be remembered by them with feelings of affection, admiration and gratitude. nach jahrelangem Sammein und Ordnen, eine Ein- Eine grosse Zahl leichter Unterhaltungslektuere teilung der Buecher nach fuenf Sachgebieten geben. ist ebenfalls vorhanden. Die erste, juedische Abteilung, die ich zuerst Die dritte Abteilung der Bibliothek besteht aus AGAIN " JACOBSONSCHULE" IN SEESEN nenne, weil sie unseren Interessen am naechsten deutschen Uebersetzungen von Werken der Welt­ steht, weist einige wertvolle und interessante Werke literatur, z.B. aus dem englischen, franzoesischen. The secondary school in Seesen (Harz) which auf. Darunter befinden sich z.B. religionswissen- skandinavischen und slawischen Kulturgebiet. was named " Jacobsonschule", until the Nazis schaftliche Schriften von Leo Baeck, Martin In der vierten Abteilung findet man Biographien, dropped this reference to its munificent Jewish Buber, Franz Rosenzweig und Moritz Lazarus, Tagebuecher und Briefwechsel von beruehmten founder, Israel Jacobson, has now been named femer Geschichtswerke von Graetz und Elbogen, Maennern und Frauen, z.B. von Kuenstlern. " Gymnasium Seesen (ehemalige Jacobson­ zionistische Schriften und palaestinensische Herrschern, Politikem, Forschem und Gelehrten. schule)". The Chairman of the Seesen Jewish Berichte (Herzl, Achad Haam, Pinsker, Crossman, Die letzte, fiinfte, Abteilimg weist naturwissen- Community, Mr. Henry Nussbaum, himself a etc.) und schliesslich eine Reihe von Biographien sohaftliche Schriften und Reiseberichte sowie eine former pupil of the " Jacobsonschule ", expressed und Romanen aus dem juedischen Milieu. z.B. von kleine Reihe von philosophischen Buechern auf. the hope that, in keeping with the ideas of Israel Dubnow, Shmarjahu Levin, Max Brod, Zangwill, Diese kurze Uebersicht, die natuerlich keinen Jacobson, the school will be guided by a spirit etc. Anspruch auf Vollstaendigkeit erheben kann, zeigt of humanitarianism and religious tolerance. bereits, dass die Bibliothek der AJR eine grosse Die zweite Abteilung besteht aus deutscher Reihe lesenswerter Buecher enthaelt. Es waere zu RESTORATION OF JEWISH NAMES Literatur. Von ihr besitzt die Bibliothek ca. 600 begruessen, wenn sich dem jetzt aus 150 Mit­ Baende, die in der Zeit vom Ende des 18. Jahr­ gliedern bestehenden Leserkreis ejne Anzahl neuer At the suggestion of the Federal Defence hunderts bis ungefaehr 1935 veroeffentlicht wurden. Freunde anschliessen wuerde. Die Verwaltung Minister, Herr Strauss, the names of Jewish In unserer Sammlung beginnt diese Epoche mit der Bibliothek ist auch bereit. alten oder kranken, soldiers in the German army killed during the den Werken Lessings, der gemeinsam mit seinem an das Haus gefesselten Menschen Buecher durch First World War, which were effaced from Freunde Moses Mendelssohn den in Deutschland freiwillige Heifer in die Wohnung bringen zu lassen memorial stones and plaques during the Nazi lebenden Juden den Zugang zur hochdeutschen und steht auch zur Beratung bei der Auswahl regime, are to be restored. Sprache und Kultur eroeffnete. Ihnen folgen die dieser Buecher gern zur Verfuegung. This task is to be entrusted to the German Werke der Klassiker: Schiller und Goethe und Die Bibliothek ist in den Raeumen der AJR. organisation which tends the graves of German diejenigen der heute wieder geschaetzten Roman­ soldiers, in co-operation with the German com­ tiker {Hoelderlin, Kleist, Heine, etc.). 8 Fairfax Mansions. N.W.3, untergebracht und waehrend der Geschaeftstunden Montag bis munal authorities. Es ist selbstverstaendlich nicht moeglich, im Donnerstag von 10-1 und 3-6 Uhr, Freitags von Rahmen dieses Aufsatzes einen Gang durch andert­ \Q-\ Uhr zugaenglich. FAMOUS ITALIANS COMMEMORATED halb Jahrhunderte deutscher Literatur zu machen. Bekanntlich bemueht sich die AJR, geeignete Fuer diesen Zweck stehen verschiedene literatur- groessere Raeume fuer den AJR-Club zu finden. The late Professor Vito Volterra, the mathe­ geschichtliche Werke bei uns zur Verfuegung Ich Falls dies gelingt und falls die Raeumlichkeiten matician, who died after the Second World War, moechte nur auf einige Autoren hinweisen, deren ausreichend sind, soil auch die Bibliothek in den and Professor Tullio Ascarelli, two famous Italian Romane unsere Leser vielleicht gern lesen oder neuen Club-Raeumen ihren Platz finden. Jews, were commemorated at ceremonies in Rome.

FAMILY EVENTS CLASSIFIED BOOKKEEPER / ACCOUNTANT,, MODERN BED/SITTING-ROOMS. Situations Vacant P.A.Y.E., general office experience, with part or full board, nice country Entries in this column are free of house, garden, 50 min. London, charge. Texts should be sent in by the Women versatile, also prepared to assist management, incl. sales, free for permanent or convalescent. Box 780. \%th of the month. TYPIST required for small engineer­ appointment. Box 773. Miscellaneous Birthdays ing company, Cricklewood, normal oifice duties, shorthand not required, BOOKKEEPER / ACCOUNTANT / PIANO LESSONS, coaching, chamber Goldschmidt—Mr. Hermann Gold­ knowledge of German desirable. CASHIER seeks position of trust in music, etc. Paul Lichtenstern, 'Phone schmidt (formerly Dortmund), of 5 Box 771. firm where competence and own SPE. 0486. initiative is appreciated; long experi­ Holmwood Road, West Didsbury, RESIDENT DOMESTIC HELP. Manchester, 20, will celebrate his ence in all office work and organisa­ CONTINENTAL DRESSMAKER. Very congenial conditions. Apply tion. Continent and England ; best long experience, can take extra 70th birthday on January 16th, and Jews' Temporary Shelter. 63 Mansell his wife, Mrs. Berta Goldschmidt references. At present in employ­ customers. Box 774. Street, Aldgate, E.l. 'Phone ROYal ment. Box 770. (nee Hess), will celebrate her 60th 4711. BOOKKEEPING, accounts, P.A.Y.E. birthday on January Sth. and Income Tax matters dealt with. SHORTHAND-TYPIST, with good CLERK, Pensioner, good at figures, Moderate fees. Box 768. DcaOs pronunciation, required for London seeks part-time or home work, also lawyer's office. Applications with messenger and addressing work. Box AJR Attendance Service Abrabamsoiin.—Mrs. Alice Abraham­ 778. sohn (nee Cronbach) of 51 Ambleside curriculum. Box 775. WOMEN available to care for sick Avenue, S.W.16 (formeriy Stettin), YOUNG LADY for English and Wom:n people and invalids, as companions passed away peacefully after a long German typing and bookkeeping and sitters-in ; full- or part-time (not illness on December 2nd, aged 78. required. West End firm, Saturday HUNGARIAN REFUGEE, also residential). 'Phone MAI. 4449. She is mourned by her husband, and Jewish Holidays closed, full speaks English, German, some Arthur, and by her children and details please. Box 777. French, wants full- or part-time job AJR Needlewoman Service grandchildren. as clerk/typist/stock clerk, or shop ENGLISH/GERMAN LADY, for assistant. Box 779. WOMEN available for alterations, Balsam.—Mrs. Ilse Ruth Balsam (nte small switchboard and general office mending, handicrafts. 'Phone MAI- Manasse), of 27 Lyndfield Gardens, work, W.C.1. State age and experi­ Accommodation Vacant 4449. N.W.3, passed away, aged 47, on ence. Box 776. BOARD AND LODGING (non- MISSING PERSONS November 9th. Deeply mourned by Situations Wanted her husband, S. Balsam, and daugh­ Orthodox) in return for light house­ Men work offered by widower with Enquiries by AJR ters, Susan and Nancy. Bendit, Kurt and Samuel, presumed Cohn.—Mrs. Gertrud Cohn (n^e Salo- STO REKEEPER / PACKER / ORDER comfortable 4-room flat with central CLERK, elderly, reliable, wants part- heating, in Hampstead Garden to be living in England, wanted by monski), of 130 King Henry's Road, Suburb. Box 769 London, N.W.3, passed away on time position. Box 772. their cousin, Mr. John Stephan Harti- December 9th in her 75th year. ENGLISH-EDUCATED GERMAN/ PERMANENT PAYING GUEST son, formerly Jacobsberg, residing io Deeply mourned by her husband, ISRAELI EX-SERVICEMAN (aged welcome in comfortable house, Australia. Georg Cohn, her son and other 29), fluent 3 languages, seeks Hampstead Garden Suburb. 'Phone Mrs. Johanna Ragendorfer, born relatives. interesting employment. Box 781. SPEedwell 9832. 13.2.1892 in Vienna. AJR INFORMATION January, 1961 Page 15

DR. WILLY BRUNSWIC 75 BIRTHDAYS Dr. Willy Brunswic, formerly Heidelberg, now 7 Avenue Alphonse XIII, Paris 16e, was 75 on December 13th. Formerly a physician in Heidel­ PAUL LOEBE 85 -. EX-CHANCELLOR BRUENING 75 berg, he still practises in Paris. Although he is also well known as a doctor in that city, he is On December Mth, the former Reichstags- The former German Reichskanzler, Dr. Heinrich even better known to wide circles in France and Waesident, Paul Loebe, celebrated his 85th birth­ Bruening, was 75 recently. He left Germany in abroad as an ardent and successful social worker day. ^ The Board of the " Unteilbares Deutsch­ 1933 and, after having stayed first in Switzerland for refugees from Germany. As head of the land " movement whose President he is, marked and England, received a call to Harvard Univer­ Self-Help in Paris and with the able and devoted |ue occasion by a meeting at the Berlin Parliament, sity in 1937. He returned to Germany in 1951 assistance of his wife, he helped hundreds of tributes were paid to Paul Loebe by Frau Dr. and for some time taught at Cologne University. emigrants in the bitter days of the liberation of Lueders and Minister Ernst Lemmer. However, later on he went back to the United France. He and his wife have raised a monument States and now lives in Boston. to themselves in the Self-Help Home for the Aged, / DR. WILLY MICHAELIS 75 now in Annet-sur-Marne, near Paris. In spite of innumerable obstacles he succeeded, with the ^DR. LEO STERNBERG 80 On Januarv 21st Dr. Willy Michaelis, of 86 aid of the Council of Jews from Germany and the Holders Hill Road, N.W.4, will be 75. After TRe well-known lawyer. Dr. Leo Sternberg Claims Conference, in building this Home from thorough training as an orthopsdic surgeon at the (formerly Berlin), recently celebrated his 80th small beginnings in the provinces to a charming University Hospitals in Berlin and Leipzig he birthday in Santiago de Chile. He was associated and effective social institution in one of the old *5rved with distinction as a doctor in the First with Geheimrat Dr. Hermann Obemeck, arid, chateaux surrounding the metropolis. More than World War and was also one of the co-founders of like his senior partner, held a leading position 40 old people have found there a haven for the "je first hospital for occupational therapy and in the " Deutsche Notarverein". He was also rest of their lives. They and many others thank Physical rehabiUtation in Germany. He settled the editor of the " Notarverein" periodical and, him on this occasion and wish him all the best in Leipzig where he soon organised the communal for a great number of years, of " Neumann's for many years to come. J?''e for crippled persons. His main aim became Jahrbuch des Deutschen Rechts". He wrote '"e physical education of the young, which he several books and a very great number of JUDAIC STUDIES AT BRANDEIS considered as the best way of avoiding and curing articles on subjects connected with the work of reformations. Being a keen sportsman himself, he public notaries in Germany. UNIVERSITY JJ'as one of the founders of the Deutsche Aerzte- Dund zur Foerderung der Leibesuebungen, of THe Brandeis University's Philip W. Lown Which he was the president until 1933. He was DR. WILLIAM KOCHMANN 75 Institute of Advanced Judaic Studies at Waltham, eo-editor of the periodical " Sportmedizin", in Massachusetts, has been officially opened. The *hich a number of publications testify to his Dr. William Kochmann was 75 recently. He Institute is described as a " centre of Judaic scientific aims. He was also the leading sports was bom in Freiburg (Breisgau) and studied studies dedicated to pure research, independent "'^etor of the Leipzig "Arbeiter- Turn- und Sport- chemistry and economics. The interdependence of denominational trends ". sctiule ". For many years he served in the Jewish between these two subjects was realised by him at an early stage, and it is, to a great extent, THE HYPHEN community of Leipzig as a Repraesentant. due to his initiative that economics were included following his emigration to this country he in the universities' syllabus for engineers. Dr. The January programme of the Hyphen includes worked as the head of an orthopa;dic department Kochmann was associated with several leading a talk on "Graphology " by Mr. Manfred Lowen­ ot a hospital in Coventry until he took up private industrial firms in Germany and has also a num­ gard, Ph.D., on Sunday, January 15th, at 7.30. iP.ee'alist practice in London and work at the ber of inventions to his credit. He has continued at Zion House, 57 Eton Avenue, N.W.3. Further Highlands Hospital where he specialised in the his scientific work in this country. Dr. Koch­ particulars about the programme are obtainable rter-carc of polio cases. The number of people mann is an interested member of the AJR and is from the Hon. Secretary, Mrs. A. C. Winter, 8 wnom he was able to help in his long career and also actively associated with the "Club 1943". Priory Mansions, Priory Park Road, London, Wo are thankful for him is unusually great. We extend our heartiest congratulations to him. N.W.6.

'*»« Exclusive Salon de Corseterie WORLD-WIDE TRAVEL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC Hme H. LIEBERG LAWYERS FROM GERMANY r/iroug/i ,871 FINCHLEY ROAD The Annuel Generol Meeting "•«« to the Post Office. Golders Green) will take plac; on Phone : SPEedwell 8673 BARON TRAVEL COMPANY Monday, January 9rh, 1961, ''*>^-madc and to measure. SXPtRT AND QUALIFIED FITTBRS 15, EDGWAREBURY GARDENS, at 7.30 p.m. EDGWARE, MIDDLESEX. o» 51 Belsize Square. N.W.S Members are cordially Invited Tel.: STOnegrove 5019-8626 Immediately afterwards, at 8 p.m.. there THE DORICE will be a discussion on Cables : TRANSBARON, EDGWARE. " DER CEGENWAERTIGE STAND OER Continentol Cuisine—Licensed PHOPIlinOII < J. G. J. tAtON. A.T.A.I. RECHTSPRECHUNC ZUR '6»o Fincklcy Rd., N.W.3 WIEDERGUTMACHUNG " ALWAYS AT YOUR PERSONAL SERVICE THE ATTENDANCE OF NON-MEMBERS (MAI. 6301) MEMBER OF TRAVEL TRAOE ASSOCIATION « iRITISH TRAVEL li HOLIDAYS ASSOCIATION WILL BE APPRECIATED _ PARTIES CATERED FOR Do you wont comfort and every convenience, " FURZEDOWN COMFORTABLE HOME , "HOUSE ARLET" FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMODATION, The ideal ploca for holidays & convolnc«nca Lore* garden with sunshed '' St. Gobriel's Rd., London, N.W.2 room with own both, excellent Con­ FOR OLD LADIES „, ,. 'Phone : GLA. 4029 tinental food, TV, lounge, gardens. Runrving h. Ere. water in all Ist-ftr. bedrnns. '"'tors »n Moderate Terms. '«

HOSEMOUNT FOR PERFECT HOLIDAYS AND SIMAR HOUSE 17 Parsifal Rood, N.W.6 LONG WEEK-ENDS IN THE CONTINENTAL' he private Continentol Hotel HAMpstead 5856 BRIGHTON 9 CHURCH ROAD, THE BOARDING HOUSE WITH CULTURE JO & 24 Herbert Rood SOUTHBOURNE A H«M« for y«M BOURNEMOUTH BOURNEMOUTH WEST Eldarly p*epl« walcoiiw^ THE MELROSE 'Phone : Bournemouth 48804 CENTRALLY HEATED HOTEL Now speciol reduced prices. The home from home Facing sea ; 2 comfortobie " BABETTE " with Confinentol cooking at its lounges ; TV ; garden. DIETS on request. Coffee Lounge and best. Part centrol heated. NEW: CoHee Lounge. Restouront 29, REGENCY SQUARE, BRIGHTON, 1 Reduced terms. Mrs. Morgot Smith. 8, HALLSWELLE PARADE, H.W.I I 'Phone : Brighton 25149 CLOSED IN FEBRUARY (opposite Tennple Fortune Odeon) Your hosts : Phone: Westbourne 64176. Mr. & Mrs. H. Schreiber •Phone : SPEedwell 1431 Mr. and Mrs. Andy A. Vogel. Page 16 AJR INFORMATION January. 1961 GERMAN TRIALS AND ARRESTS MANSLAUGHTER VERDICT Georg Schlosser, a former Nazi police guard AUSCHWITZ DOCTOR SENTENCED BUT ARREST OF MASS EXECUTIONERS at the ghetto of Czestochova, Poland, was sen­ RELEASED tenced by a Bamberg court to ten years' hard labour for killing a 13-year-old Jewish boy during Dr. Johannes Kremer who, from August to Paul Heilig and Rudolf Theimer have been the war. November, 1942, was an S.S. doctor in Auschwitz arrested at the request of the Bielefeld prosecutor, In the court's opinion, the killing was a border­ was sentenced by the Munster Law Court to ten and charged with complicity in mass executions line case between manslaughter and murder, but years' imprisonment for complicity in the murder of Jews. They were members of the Nazi the court had decided on manslaughter because of two Jewish prisoners. He was, however, Sonderkommando 1005 which, in the winter of of the absence of base motives. released because he had already spent ten years 1943-44, had removed all traces of German mass in prison in Poland. Commenting on the judg­ executions of Polish civilians carried out three ANTI-SEMITES SENTENCED ment, the Allgemeine Wochenzeilung of the years before in the area of Lublin. Jewish In Berlin, Hans Schlarp, a 32-year-old sales Jews in Germany writes that the highly compli­ prisoners, who were forced to open the mass agent, has been sentenced to four months' impri­ cated position of many average persons under the graves and destroy the bodies, were also later sonment for insulting a Jewish caf6 owner and Nazi regime had again become evident during murdered and disposed of in the same way. expressing approval of Nazi crimes against the the triaL Unlike numerous other Nazi doctors and Heilig and Theimer were the subordinates of Jewish people. guards, Kremer was not a sadist. However, as he Hermann Rohlfing, the head of a sub-group of Suspended prison sentences of between seven himself put it at the end of the trial, he was too the Sonderkommando, who was arrested in and twelve months have been given to three much of a coward to come into the open with September, 1959, and charged with the murder of young men for daubing swastikas on walls in his opposition. 50 Jews. Pforzheim, near Karlsruhe, last June.

A. OTTEX F.B.O.A. (Hon..) PHOTOCOPIES ClIAiVUE OF ADDRESS QUICK and RELIABLE HIGHEST PRICES New'Phone No. : SPE. 1451 OPHTHALMIC OPTICIAN paid for Ladies' and Gentleman's cast-off BRASSIERES & CORSETS GOLDERSTAT Clothing, Suitcasas, Trunks, etc. MADE TO MEASURE Tol.: 118 FINCHLEY ROAD 25, Downham Road, N.l (Ladies' large sizes preferred) All work In connection with Corsetry. HAMpstead OPPOSITE JOHN (ARNES ft 'Phone: CLIssold 5464 (5 lines) 54, Golders Gardens, N.W.II WE GO ANYWHERE. ANY TIME MRS. A. MAYER 8336 FINCHLEY ROAD MET. STN. 'Phone: SPEedwell 5643 S. DIENSTAG SHOE REPAIRS WEST HEATH (HAMpstead 074S) RICH'S SHOE REPAIR SERVICE REFRIGERATION SERVICE NORBERT COHN (former!)' REICH) now ac 14 West Heath Drive, London, N.W.II. F.S.O.A. (Honil, 0. Orth ^VTOTASER 133, HAMILTON ROAD, N.W.ll Telephone : SPE. 061 S. OPHTHALMIC OPTICIAN PRACTICAL UPHOLSTERER (2 minutes Brent Sticton) FOR CENTRAL HEATING 20, Northways Parade, Finchlay Road, All Re-Upholstery. Cirpets, We Collect and Deliver also at 197 Chartridge Lane. Chesham. Furniture Repairs. French Polishing 'Phone : SPEedwcll 7463 ; HAMpstcad 1037 Swiss Cottage, N.W.3 'Phone: PRImrose 9660 WILL BE DONE TO YOUR SATISFACTION ^^^^,^^^^^^^^^^^^%^^^^S^^^,^^^^^^^>^N^.^./ FOOT SPECIALIST 'Phono : HAMpstaad S«01 or call it 432 FINCHLEY ROAD (Child's Hill), N.W.2 JEWISH ROOKS ARCH SUPPORTS E.M.E. of all kinds, new and second-hand. CHIROPODIST Electrical aad Macliaaical EaghMertas Whole Libraries and Single Volumes (Preprietor : H. TURNER, O9I. Ing.) H.WOORTMAN&SON bought. Taleisim. Bookbinding. H. L. CERBER, L.Ch.H.Ch.D. ELEQRICAL CONTRAQORS 8, Baynas Mews, Hempstead, N.W.3 M, SULZBACHER 9. CRICKLEWOOD BROADWAY, 'Phono : HAMpstead 3974 JEWISH fr HEBREW BOOKS (alio purchate) Gladaton* 4 B t 7 N.W.2 34, CLIFTON ROAD. W.9 Continental Builder and Decorator 4, Sneoth Avenue, Golders Green Rd., 'Phone : CUNniogham 9833 London. N.W.II. TeL: SPE. 1694 RAREIVSTEI]^ LTD. Specialist in Dry Rot Repairs ESTIMATES FREE DEUTSCHE BUECHER Kosher Butchers, Poulterers GESUCHT! and VESOP R a, C, (ELECTRICAL I TP) wrtiaiHHatttgSoufm. •«*>'• INSTALLATIONS) L I I/- R. & E. STEtNER (BOOKS) Sausage Manufacturers 5 GARSON HOUSE, ^emit, Qrufitesi etc (incorporating Reissner & Goldberg) GLOUCESTER TERRACE. LONOON. W.2 Under tbe supervision of the Beth Din 'Phone: AMBassador 1564 ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS Au(g«wa«hlr«s Lagar salfanar und 199b Belsize Road, N.W.6 vargriffanar Buachar. Wholesalers and Retailers of first-class MAI. 2646 Before 8.30 a.m. and after 7 p.m- GLA. 1322, MAI. 0359 L A. PREECE Continental Sausages Daily Deliveries EXPERIENCED DECORATOR AJR CLUB First-class work. 5, Fairhazel Gardens, N.W.6 'Phonr: MAL 3224 and MAL 9236 ZION HOUSE, 57, ETON AVE.. Special prices during winter season. N.W.3. 15, St. Annes Rd., Barnes. S.W.13 •Phone : PRO. 511 I SUNDAY, JANUARY I5th M. FISCHLER at 4.30 p.m. sharp CONTINENTAL UPHOLSTERY ESSENTIAL for FIRST-CLASS A. TOBERT Agents JOT Parkar-Knoll, Christie-Tyler and CONCERT various other makes CONTINENTAL COOKING Master Cabinet Carpels supplied & fitted below shop prices. no per 8 oz. bottle PAUL BLUMENFELD CURTAINS, DRAPES & MATTRESSES MADE 'Cello Maker Obtainable from Grocers and Stores ALSO FRENCH POLISHING LOUISE GOLDSTONE Furnitur* and Fitments mad* to vour own 105, AXHOLME AVE., EDG WARE, MIDDX. Manufactured by VESOP PRODUCTS LTD. Piano requirements. 498, Hornsey Road, London, N.19 All repairs, curtains, etc. (EDG. 5411) 36 CRICKLEWOOD BROAOWAV. N.W.2 LESLIE GOLDSTONE CLA. 7224 Violin The WIGMORE LAUNDRY Ltd. Beetlioven, ScJiumonn, Dvorak CHANGE OF ADDRESS (Dumky-Trio) In order to ensure that you get CONTINENTAL LAUNDRY SPECIALISTS your copy of AJR Information Most London Districts Served regularly, please be sure to inform SHE. 4575 — brings us by radio Space donated by : TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED us immediately of any change of Write or 'phone the Manager, 24-hour telephone service 38 Felsham Road, Putney, S.W.IS address. Mr. E. Hearn, 1, STRONSA ROAD, LONDON, W.12

PraM. II, Fw«i>ai Su»t. I.Ca.