DOCSLIB.ORG

Climate Change and the Vulnerability of Wildlife in the Sky Islands of the Southwest

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Climate Change and the Vulnerability of Wildlife in the Sky Islands of the Southwest An Assessment of Climate Change and the Vulnerability of Wildlife in the Sky Islands of the Southwest Sharon J. Coe, Deborah M. Finch, Megan M. Friggens United States Department of Agriculture / Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-273 April 2012 Coe, Sharon J.; Deborah M. Finch; Megan M. Friggens. 2012. An assessment of climate change and the vulnerability of wildlife in the Sky Islands of the Southwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-273. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 208 p. ABSTRACT We evaluated the historical and projected trends in climate and vegetation relevant to the Coronado National Forest in southeast Arizona, USA. We then applied this information in an assessment of the vulnerability of 30 species of terrestrial vertebrates on the Coronado National Forest to the potential effects of future climate change. We used a pilot version of a decision-support tool developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station that produces scores that represent relative measures of vulnerability to climate change as related to habitat, physiology, phenology, and biotic interactions. Over the next ~100 years, increased temperature and aridity are projected for the region, as well as a reduction in forested areas. All 30 species were considered vulnerable with respect to at least some criteria comprising the decision-support tool. The elegant trogon (Trogon elegans) and Tarahumara frog (Rana tarahumarae) were tied for the largest vulnerability score. The Slevin’s bunchgrass lizard (Sceloporus slevini) had the smallest vulnerability score. While species varied in their expected responses to climate change, most appeared to be vulnerable relative to one or more expected negative impacts to their habitat, such as an overall reduction in suitable habitat. The assessment results can be used by USFS managers in climate change adaptation planning for these species and their habitats by helping to identify goals for adaptation planning. Keywords: climate change, vulnerability assessment, wildlife management, Coronado National Forest, decision-support tool AUTHORS Sharon J. Coe is a Postdoctoral Researcher with the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in collaboration with the University of Arizona. She holds both a Ph.D. and an M.Sc. degree in Biology from the University of California, Riverside. She is researching the vulnerability of wildlife to climate change and the effects on wildlife from vegetation treatments to reduce fire risk. Deborah M. Finch is the Program Manager for the Grassland, Shrubland, and Desert Ecosystems Program at USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station in Albuquerque, New Mexico. She received her B.S. degree in Wildlife Management from Humboldt State University, her M.S. degree in Zoology and Physiology from Arizona State University, and her Ph.D. in Zoology and Range Science from University of Wyoming, Laramie. Megan M. Friggens is a Research Ecologist with the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where she has worked on the development and application of tools and assessments regarding the vulnerability of species to climate change. She obtained a B.S. and M.S. degree in Biology from the University of New Mexico and a Ph.D. in Forest Science from Northern Arizona University. She is researching disturbance (fire, drought, land conversion, and climate change), impacts on wildlife species, and wildlife disease ecology. Cover photos—top: Chiricahua Mountains, © Larry Jones; bottom You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your left: elegant trogon (Trogon elegans), mailing information in label form through one of the following media. Dominic Sherony (Wikimedia Please specify the publication title and series number. Commons); bottom right: bighorn Publishing Services sheep (Ovis canadensis), Terry L. Spivey, Terry Spivey Photography, Telephone (970) 498-1392 Bugwood.org. Photos are authorized FAX (970) 498-1122 for this publication only, and any E-mail [email protected] further use requires authorization from Website http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/publications the photographers. Mailing address Publications Distribution Rocky Mountain Research Station 240 West Prospect Road Fort Collins, CO 80526 PREFACE The success and persistence of plants and animals in their natural environments is inextricably linked to climate. While species in North America have experienced historical variation in climate, a relatively rapid increase in global temperature has the potential to create unique environmental conditions for plant and animal species relative to their recent evolutionary past. Mean global surface temperature has increased over the last 157 years (i.e., over the instrumental record; Trenberth and others 2007). The global average temperature increased 0.35 °C from the 1910s to the 1940s and then 0.55 °C from the 1970s to the end of 2006. Temperatures are projected to increase in the United States, overall, and in the Southwest specifically, according to a variety of climate change models. There is substantial support for a projected increase in surface-air temperatures in the United States of 2 °C during the next century on an annual-mean basis; some models predict temperature increases exceeding 4 °C (Christensen and others 2007). How to manage for the effects of climate change on plant and animal species has become an increasing concern for resource managers and others whose goal it is to maintain species viability into the future. The U.S. Forest Service (USFS) has identified climate change as an important force that puts ecosystems at risk. USFS (2011a) identifies the need for “science-based assessments of the relative vulnerability of key ecosystem components” to address risks and vulnerabilities of national resources. It also states the need to identify knowledge gaps and management outcomes under climate change. Each National Forest and National Grassland is required to meet standards in 11 areas related to climate change planning, and each is evaluated annually for achievement using a “scorecard” system (USFS 2011b). One criterion is education of all employees on the causes and impacts of climate change. Another criterion measures the extent to which information about the vulnerability of key resources and ecosystem elements to climate change is used in decision-making. The Coronado National Forest (CNF) is located in southeastern Arizona and includes the Peloncillo Mountains that extend into southwestern New Mexico (Fig.1.1). The National Forest encompasses large areas of a group of high-elevation mountains called the Sky Islands. In this report, we provide information about climate change and a vulnerability assessment of 30 species on the CNF based on the possible effects of climate change over the next ~100 years. Vulnerability assessments are discussed in more detail in Chapter 2, but overall, they can be used to help set management priorities and to develop strategies for responding to climate change (“adaptation strategies;” Glick and others 2011). Assessing vulnerability to climate change requires knowledge of possible changes in temperature, precipitation, and vegetation. We review these potential changes in Chapter 1, which is used as a basis for the species vulnerability assessment presented in Chapter 2. Readers who are interested primarily in a review of climate and potential climate-related changes in the Southwest (here, mainly Arizona and New Mexico) will find that information within Chapter 1. Readers who are interested primarily in the evaluation of species vulnerability, and not specifically the evaluation of climate, can proceed directly to Chapter 2. REFERENCES Bagne, K.E., M.M. Friggens, and D.M. Finch. 2011. A system for assessing vulnerability of species (SAVS) to climate change. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-257. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 28 p. Christensen, J.H., B. Hewitson, A. Busuioc, [and others]. 2007. Regional climate projections. In: Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor, and H.L. Miller, eds. Climate Change 2007. The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. Glick, P., B.A. Stein, and N.A. Edelson, eds. 2011. Scanning the Conservation Horizon: A Guide to Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment. Washington, DC: National Wildlife Federation. Available: www.nwf.org/vulnerabilityguide. Trenberth, K.E., P.D. Jones, P. Ambenje, [and others]. 2007. Observations: Surface and atmospheric climate change. In: Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller, eds. Climate Change 2007: The Physical i Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. U.S. Forest Service [USFS]. 2011a. National roadmap for responding to climate change. FS-957b. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/climatechange/pdf/Roadmapfinal.pdf. U.S. Forest Service [USFS]. 2011b. Navigating the climate change performance scorecard. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Available: http://fsweb.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • DGM-13 Report(PDF)
    Surficial Geology and Geologic Hazards of the Amado-Tubac area, Santa Cruz and Pima Counties, Arizona Amado and Tubac 7.5’ Quadrangles by Ann Youberg and Walter R. Helmick Arizona Geological Survey Digital Geologic Map 13 November, 2001 Arizona Geological Survey 416 W. Congress, Tucson, AZ 85701 Includes 17 pages of text and two 1:24,000 scale geologic maps Research supported by the Arizona Geological Survey and U.S. Geological Survey, National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, under USGS award number #00HQAG0149. INTRODUCTION This report and accompanying maps describe the surficial geology, geomorphology, and geologic hazards of the rapidly developing Amado-Tubac area, south of the Green Valley area. The mapping covers the Amado and Tubac 7 1/2’ quadrangles (Figure 1). The map area is in unincorporated Santa Cruz and southern Pima Counties. It includes much of the southern part of the upper Santa Cruz Valley, between the Santa Rita Mountains on the east and the Tumacacori Mountains on the west. There are several potentially conflicting land use issues in the area covered by these maps. The Santa Rita and Tumacacori mountain ranges are public lands owned by the U.S. Forest Service. Several large ranches are located within the mapping area and are interspersed with state trust lands. Urbanization has occurred, and continues to occur, along the Santa Cruz River and around the communities of Arivaca Junction, Tubac, and Rio Rico, just south of the map area. Many areas of the Santa Rita piedmont have been subdivided and prepared for development, although development remains sparse. This report is intended to enhance our understanding of the surficial geology of the Amado-Tubac area and to aid in assessing and understanding geologic hazards in this area.
    [Show full text]
  • Section 9-Sierra Vista Subbasin of the Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona
    Section 9.—Conceptual Understanding and Groundwater Quality of the Basin-Fill Aquifer in the Sierra Vista Subbasin of the Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona By David W. Anning and James M. Leenhouts in Conceptual Understanding and Groundwater Quality of Selected Basin- Fill Aquifers in the Southwestern United States Edited by Susan A. Thiros, Laura M. Bexfield, David W. Anning, and Jena M. Huntington National Water-Quality Assessment Program Professional Paper 1781 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey ii Contents Basin Overview .........................................................................................................................................145 Water Development History .....................................................................................................................147 Hydrogeology .............................................................................................................................................148 Conceptual Understanding of the Groundwater Flow System ...........................................................149 Water Budget ....................................................................................................................................149 Groundwater Movement .................................................................................................................152 Effects of Natural and Human Factors on Groundwater Quality ......................................................157 Summary......................................................................................................................................................160
    [Show full text]
  • Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area Evaluation [PW-05-03-D2-001]
    Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Evaluation Report Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area Evaluation [PW-05-03-D2-001] Area Overview Size and Location: The Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area (PWA) encompasses 37,330 acres. This area is located in the Tumacacori and Atacosa Mountains, which are part of the Nogales Ranger District of the Coronado National Forest in southeastern Arizona (see Map 4 at the end of this document). The Tumacacori PWA is overlapped by 30,305 acres of the Tumacacori Inventoried Roadless Area, comprising 81 percent of the PWA. Vicinity, Surroundings and Access: The Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area is approximately 50 miles southeast of Tucson, Arizona. The Tumacacori PWA is centrally located within the mountain range and encompasses an area from Sardina and Tumacacori Peaks at the northern end to Ruby Road at the southern end and from the El Paso Natural Gas Line on the eastern side to Arivaca Lake on its western side. The PWA is adjacent to the Pajarita Wilderness Area, Arivaca Lake and Peña Blanca Lake. Both Pena Blanca and Arivaca Lakes are managed by the Arizona Game and Fish Department. Interstate 19 (I-19) connects the Tucson metropolitan area to the City of Nogales and the incorporated community of Sahuarita. The unincorporated communities of Green Valley, Arivaca Junction-Amado, Tubac, Tumacacori-Carmen and Rio Rico, Arizona and Sonora, Mexico are within close proximity to the eastern side of the Tumacacori Mountains and the PWA. State Highway 289 provides access from I-19 across private and National Forest System lands into the Tumacacori Ecosystem Management Area to Peña Blanca Lake and Ruby Road (NFS Road 39).
    [Show full text]
  • Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number 63 18 September 2014
    Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number 63 18 September 2014 List of Recent Land Mammals of Mexico, 2014 José Ramírez-Pulido, Noé González-Ruiz, Alfred L. Gardner, and Joaquín Arroyo-Cabrales.0 Front cover: Image of the cover of Nova Plantarvm, Animalivm et Mineralivm Mexicanorvm Historia, by Francisci Hernández et al. (1651), which included the first list of the mammals found in Mexico. Cover image courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University. SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Museum of Texas Tech University Number 63 List of Recent Land Mammals of Mexico, 2014 JOSÉ RAMÍREZ-PULIDO, NOÉ GONZÁLEZ-RUIZ, ALFRED L. GARDNER, AND JOAQUÍN ARROYO-CABRALES Layout and Design: Lisa Bradley Cover Design: Image courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University Production Editor: Lisa Bradley Copyright 2014, Museum of Texas Tech University This publication is available free of charge in PDF format from the website of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University (nsrl.ttu.edu). The authors and the Museum of Texas Tech University hereby grant permission to interested parties to download or print this publication for personal or educational (not for profit) use. Re-publication of any part of this paper in other works is not permitted without prior written permission of the Museum of Texas Tech University. This book was set in Times New Roman and printed on acid-free paper that meets the guidelines for per- manence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed: 18 September 2014 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University, Number 63 Series Editor: Robert J.
    [Show full text]
  • GIS Handbook Appendices
    Aerial Survey GIS Handbook Appendix D Revised 11/19/2007 Appendix D Cooperating Agency Codes The following table lists the aerial survey cooperating agencies and codes to be used in the agency1, agency2, agency3 fields of the flown/not flown coverages. The contents of this list is available in digital form (.dbf) at the following website: http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/publications/id/id_guidelines.html 28 Aerial Survey GIS Handbook Appendix D Revised 11/19/2007 Code Agency Name AFC Alabama Forestry Commission ADNR Alaska Department of Natural Resources AZFH Arizona Forest Health Program, University of Arizona AZS Arizona State Land Department ARFC Arkansas Forestry Commission CDF California Department of Forestry CSFS Colorado State Forest Service CTAES Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station DEDA Delaware Department of Agriculture FDOF Florida Division of Forestry FTA Fort Apache Indian Reservation GFC Georgia Forestry Commission HOA Hopi Indian Reservation IDL Idaho Department of Lands INDNR Indiana Department of Natural Resources IADNR Iowa Department of Natural Resources KDF Kentucky Division of Forestry LDAF Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry MEFS Maine Forest Service MDDA Maryland Department of Agriculture MADCR Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation MIDNR Michigan Department of Natural Resources MNDNR Minnesota Department of Natural Resources MFC Mississippi Forestry Commission MODC Missouri Department of Conservation NAO Navajo Area Indian Reservation NDCNR Nevada Department of Conservation
    [Show full text]
  • Tuesday, June
    American Society of Mammalogists 87th Annual Meeting – Albuquerque UNM CAMPUS MAPS Hokona SUB CERIA Building MSB Alvarado Redondo Village. American Society of Mammalogists 87th Annual Meeting – Albuquerque UNM CAMPUS MAP DIRECTORY American Society of Mammalogists 87th Annual Meeting – Albuquerque UNM STUDENT UNION BUILDING MAP Plaza Level Theater Ballrooms A and B Technical Plenary, Members meetings, Mall Level Capstone, Technical (3rd) Vendor Upper Concourse Poster sessions, Refreshment Committee American Society of Mammalogists 87th Annual Meeting – Albuquerque ABREVIATED PROGRAM TUESDAY, JUNE 5TH Tuesday Board of Directors Dinner – University House 5:30pm WEDNESDAY – JUNE 6TH Wednesday Board of Directors, Continental Breakfast — Embassy (registration for board members) 8:00am Wed Board of Directors, Meeting — Embassy 9:00am-5:00pm Wed Registration and Dormitory Check-In — Student Union Building SUB Ballroom C 11:00am-6:00pm Wed Opening Social (host bar) 6:00pm-10:00pm & Continuing Registration and Check-in — SUB THURSDAY – JUNE 7TH Thursday Refreshments — SUB Upper Level (3rd floor) concourse 7:30am Thur Vendors — Lobo A & B SUB Upper Level (3rd floor) 7:30am-6:00pm Thur Welcome — SUB Ballroom A,B 8:10am Thur Plenary Session 1 — SUB Ballroom A,B 8:30-9:45am Thur Refreshment Break — SUB Upper Level (3rd floor) concourse 9:45am Technical Session 1 Technical Session 2 Technical Session 3 10:15am-12:15pm SUB Ballroom A SUB Ballroom B SUB Theater (Plaza Level 1st Floor) Behavior Genetics Biogeography Thur Lunch –On your own. Use meal plan (La Posada) or see packet for food choices. Committee meetings go to assigned room. 12:15pm Technical Session 4 Technical Session 5 Technical Session 6 Thur SUB Ballroom A SUB Ballroom B SUB Theater (Plaza Level 1st Floor) 1:45-3:45pm Behavior Physiology Systematics Thur Refreshment Break — SUB Upper Level (3rd floor) concourse 3:45pm Thur Symposium 1 - Long-term Studies of Small Mammal Communities in Arid and Semi-arid Ecosystems: Synthesis and Progress.
    [Show full text]
  • FILOGEOGRAFÍA DE LOS RATONES DEL GRUPO Peromyscus Mexicanus EN EL NORTE DE CENTROAMÉRICA
    UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO POSGRADO EN CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS INSTITUDO DE ECOLOGÍA BIOLOGÍA EVOLUTIVA FILOGEOGRAFÍA DE LOS RATONES DEL GRUPO Peromyscus mexicanus EN EL NORTE DE CENTROAMÉRICA TESIS QUE PARA OPTAR POR EL GRADO DE: DOCTOR EN CIENCIAS PRESENTA: SERGIO GUILLERMO PÉREZ CONSUEGRA TUTORA PRINCIPAL DE TESIS: DRA. ELLA VÁZQUEZ DOMÍNGUEZ INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA, UNAM COMITÉ TUTOR: DR. DANIEL IGNACIO PIÑERO DALMAU INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA, UNAM DR. JORGE ERWIN LÓPEZ GUTIÉRREZ ESCUELA DE BIOLOGÍA, USAC MÉXICO, CD. MX. MAYO, 2016 UNAM – Dirección General de Bibliotecas Tesis Digitales Restricciones de uso DERECHOS RESERVADOS © PROHIBIDA SU REPRODUCCIÓN TOTAL O PARCIAL Todo el material contenido en esta tesis esta protegido por la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (LFDA) de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (México). El uso de imágenes, fragmentos de videos, y demás material que sea objeto de protección de los derechos de autor, será exclusivamente para fines educativos e informativos y deberá citar la fuente donde la obtuvo mencionando el autor o autores. Cualquier uso distinto como el lucro, reproducción, edición o modificación, será perseguido y sancionado por el respectivo titular de los Derechos de Autor. COORDINACIÓN Dr. Isidro Ávila Martinez Director General de Administración Escolar, UNAM P r e s e n t e Me permito informar a usted. que el Subcomité de Ecología y Manejo Integral de Ecosistemas. en su sesión ordinaria del día 29 de febrero de 2016, aprobó el jurado para la presentación de su examen para obtener el grado de DOCTOR EN CIENCIAS. del Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas. del alumno PÉREZ CONSUEGRA SERGIO GUILLERMO con número de cuenta 510452133 con lA la tesis titulada" FILOGEOGRAFiA DE LOS RATONES DEL GRUPO Peromyscus mexicanus EN EL NORTE DE CENTROAMERICA", bajo la dirección de la DRA.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammal Species Native to the USA and Canada for Which the MIL Has an Image (296) 31 July 2021
    Mammal species native to the USA and Canada for which the MIL has an image (296) 31 July 2021 ARTIODACTYLA (includes CETACEA) (38) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei - Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 7. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Bos bison - American Bison 2. Oreamnos americanus - Mountain Goat 3. Ovibos moschatus - Muskox 4. Ovis canadensis - Bighorn Sheep 5. Ovis dalli - Thinhorn Sheep CERVIDAE - deer 1. Alces alces - Moose 2. Cervus canadensis - Wapiti (Elk) 3. Odocoileus hemionus - Mule Deer 4. Odocoileus virginianus - White-tailed Deer 5. Rangifer tarandus -Caribou DELPHINIDAE - ocean dolphins 1. Delphinus delphis - Common Dolphin 2. Globicephala macrorhynchus - Short-finned Pilot Whale 3. Grampus griseus - Risso's Dolphin 4. Lagenorhynchus albirostris - White-beaked Dolphin 5. Lissodelphis borealis - Northern Right-whale Dolphin 6. Orcinus orca - Killer Whale 7. Peponocephala electra - Melon-headed Whale 8. Pseudorca crassidens - False Killer Whale 9. Sagmatias obliquidens - Pacific White-sided Dolphin 10. Stenella coeruleoalba - Striped Dolphin 11. Stenella frontalis – Atlantic Spotted Dolphin 12. Steno bredanensis - Rough-toothed Dolphin 13. Tursiops truncatus - Common Bottlenose Dolphin MONODONTIDAE - narwhals, belugas 1. Delphinapterus leucas - Beluga 2. Monodon monoceros - Narwhal PHOCOENIDAE - porpoises 1. Phocoena phocoena - Harbor Porpoise 2. Phocoenoides dalli - Dall’s Porpoise PHYSETERIDAE - sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus – Sperm Whale TAYASSUIDAE - peccaries Dicotyles tajacu - Collared Peccary CARNIVORA (48) CANIDAE - dogs 1. Canis latrans - Coyote 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Coronado National Forest Draft Land and Resource Management Plan I Contents
    United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Coronado National Forest Southwestern Region Draft Land and Resource MB-R3-05-7 October 2013 Management Plan Cochise, Graham, Pima, Pinal, and Santa Cruz Counties, Arizona, and Hidalgo County, New Mexico The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TTY). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Front cover photos (clockwise from upper left): Meadow Valley in the Huachuca Ecosystem Management Area; saguaros in the Galiuro Mountains; deer herd; aspen on Mt. Lemmon; Riggs Lake; Dragoon Mountains; Santa Rita Mountains “sky island”; San Rafael grasslands; historic building in Cave Creek Canyon; golden columbine flowers; and camping at Rose Canyon Campground. Printed on recycled paper • October 2013 Draft Land and Resource Management Plan Coronado National Forest Cochise, Graham, Pima, Pinal, and Santa Cruz Counties, Arizona Hidalgo County, New Mexico Responsible Official: Regional Forester Southwestern Region 333 Broadway Boulevard, SE Albuquerque, NM 87102 (505) 842-3292 For Information Contact: Forest Planner Coronado National Forest 300 West Congress, FB 42 Tucson, AZ 85701 (520) 388-8300 TTY 711 [email protected] Contents Chapter 1.
    [Show full text]
  • WHETSTONE MOUNTAINS ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT AREA Transportation Analysis Plan
    CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST WHETSTONE MOUNTAINS ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT AREA Transportation Analysis Plan March 2011 Edited By ELI CURIEL JR. ID Core Team Leader Approved By /C/ Annette H. Chavez March 4, 2011 Annette H. Chavez, Sierra Vista District Ranger Date Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 1 STEP 1 – SETTING UP THE ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 3 STEP 2- DESCRIBING THE SITUATION ....................................................................................................... 5 TABLE 2.1 – EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM ......................................................................................... 7 TABLE 2.2 - EXISTING ROAD CLASSIFICATIONS ............................................................................................ 13 STEP 3- IDENTIFYING ISSUES ..................................................................................................................... 13 STEP 4- ASSESSING BENEFITS, PROBLEMS AND RISKS OF THE EXISTING ROAD SYSTEM ... 21 LANDS .............................................................................................................................................................. 22 SOIL, WATER, AIR, AND FORESTRY ............................................................................................................... 31 Figure 4.1 Whetstone Watershed
    [Show full text]
  • Mammal Watching in Northern Mexico Vladimir Dinets
    Mammal watching in Northern Mexico Vladimir Dinets Seldom visited by mammal watchers, Northern Mexico is a fascinating part of the world with a diverse mammal fauna. In addition to its many endemics, many North American species are easier to see here than in USA, while some tropical ones can be seen in unusual habitats. I travelled there a lot (having lived just across the border for a few years), but only managed to visit a small fraction of the number of places worth exploring. Many generations of mammologists from USA and Mexico have worked there, but the knowledge of local mammals is still a bit sketchy, and new discoveries will certainly be made. All information below is from my trips in 2003-2005. The main roads are better and less traffic-choked than in other parts of the country, but the distances are greater, so any traveler should be mindful of fuel (expensive) and highway tolls (sometimes ridiculously high). In theory, toll roads (carretera quota) should be paralleled by free roads (carretera libre), but this isn’t always the case. Free roads are often narrow, winding, and full of traffic, but sometimes they are good for night drives (toll roads never are). All guidebooks to Mexico I’ve ever seen insist that driving at night is so dangerous, you might as well just kill yourself in advance to avoid the horror. In my experience, driving at night is usually safer, because there is less traffic, you see the headlights of upcoming cars before making the turn, and other drivers blink their lights to warn you of livestock on the road ahead.
    [Show full text]
  • Summits on the Air – ARM for the USA (W7A
    Summits on the Air – ARM for the U.S.A (W7A - Arizona) Summits on the Air U.S.A. (W7A - Arizona) Association Reference Manual Document Reference S53.1 Issue number 5.0 Date of issue 31-October 2020 Participation start date 01-Aug 2010 Authorized Date: 31-October 2020 Association Manager Pete Scola, WA7JTM Summits-on-the-Air an original concept by G3WGV and developed with G3CWI Notice “Summits on the Air” SOTA and the SOTA logo are trademarks of the Programme. This document is copyright of the Programme. All other trademarks and copyrights referenced herein are acknowledged. Document S53.1 Page 1 of 15 Summits on the Air – ARM for the U.S.A (W7A - Arizona) TABLE OF CONTENTS CHANGE CONTROL....................................................................................................................................... 3 DISCLAIMER................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 ASSOCIATION REFERENCE DATA ........................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Program Derivation ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 General Information ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Final Ascent
    [Show full text]