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1111 2 MARTIN HEIDEGGER 3 4 5111 6 7 8 9 ‘Timothy Clark’s Martin Heidegger is an intelligent, highly accessible 10111 introduction to the German philosopher’s complex intellectual trajec- 11 tory. In its focus on Heidegger’s engagement with art and language, 2 Clark’s book will be of particular interest to students of aesthetics, 3111 literature, and theory.’ 4 Michael Eskin, Columbia University 5 6 ‘Heidegger was a uniquely gifted practitioner of the difficult art of 7 reading. But his achievements have been overlooked or drastically 8 misunderstood by mainstream literary theorists and critics. Timothy 9 Clark’s accessible, neat and reliable introduction goes a long way 20111 towards setting the record straight.’ 1 Jonathan Ree, Middlesex University 2 3 Many critics consider Martin Heidegger the most influential, elusive 4 and controversial figure in modern poetics and criticism. However, 5 few students of literature have been directed to his writings on art and 6 poetry. This volume offers such students a bridge to this crucial work. 7 Timothy Clark immerses readers in a new way of thinking, 8 approaching Heideggerian ideas on the limits of ‘theory’ and of Western 9 thought, his history of being, the origin and death of art, language, liter- 30111 ature and poetics. He also covers the controversy of Heidegger’s Nazi 1 involvement. 2 Accessible and engaging throughout, this book will enable readers 3 to take new critical approaches not only to literary texts, but also to 4 the enduring traditions of Western thought. 5 6 Timothy Clark is a specialist in Romantic and post-Romantic poetics, 7 based at Durham University. He is co-editor of the Oxford Literary Review 8 and author of Derrida, Heidegger, Blanchot: Sources of Derrida’s Notion and 3911 Practice of Literature (1992) and The Theory of Inspiration (2000). ROUTLEDGE CRITICAL THINKERS essential guides for literary studies Series Editor: Robert Eaglestone, Royal Holloway, University of London Routledge Critical Thinkers is a series of accessible introductions to key figures in contemporary critical thought. With a unique focus on historical and intellectual contexts, each volume examines a key theorist’s: • significance • motivation • key ideas and their sources • impact on other thinkers Concluding with extensively annotated guides to further reading, Routledge Critical Thinkers are the literature student’s passport to today’s most exciting critical thought. Already available: Martin Heidegger by Timothy Clark Gilles Deleuze by Claire Colebrook Fredric Jameson by Adam Roberts Jean Baudrillard by Richard J. Lane Paul de Man by Martin McQuillan Sigmund Freud by Pamela Thurschwell Edward Said by Bill Ashcroft and Pal Ahluwalia Maurice Blanchot by Ullrich Haase and William Large Forthcoming: Judith Butler For further details on this series, see www.literature.routledge.com/rct 1111 MARTIN HEIDEGGER Timothy Clark TL E D U G O E R • • T a p y u lo ro r G & Francis London and New York First published 2002 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2001. © 2002 Timothy Clark All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Clark, Timothy, 1958– Martin Heidegger / Timothy Clark. p. cm. – (Routledge critical thinkers) Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. 1. Heidegger, Martin, 1889–1976. I. Title. II Series. B3279.H49 C53 2002 193–dc21 200131919 ISBN 0–415–22928–6 (hbk) ISBN 0–415–22929–4 (pbk) ISBN 0-203-19363-6 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-19366-0 (Glassbook Format) 1111 2 3 4 5111 6 7 8 9 10111 11 2 3111 4 5 6 7 8 For Kitty 9 20111 ‘One can learn to ski only on the slopes and for the slopes’ 1 (Heidegger) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3911 1111 2 CONTENTS 3 4 5111 6 7 8 9 10111 11 2 3111 4 5 6 7 8 Series editor’s preface ix 9 Abbreviations xiii 20111 1 WHY HEIDEGGER? 1 2 3 1 The limits of the theoretical 9 2 Deep history (Geschichte)27 4 3 ‘The Origin of the Work of Art’ 41 5 4 The death of art? 61 6 5 Language, tradition and the craft of thinking 71 7 Quizzical interlude: what is a literary work? 93 8 6 Heidegger and the poetic 97 9 7 Nazism, poetry and the political 121 30111 1 AFTER HEIDEGGER 139 2 3 FURTHER READING 155 4 Works cited 167 5 Index 177 6 7 8 3911 1111 2 SERIES EDITOR’S 3 4 PREFACE 5111 6 7 8 9 10111 11 2 3111 4 5 6 7 8 The books in this series offer introductions to major critical thinkers 9 who have influenced literary studies and the humanities. The Routledge 20111 Critical Thinkers series provides the books you can turn to first when a 1 new name or concept appears in your studies. 2 Each book will equip you to approach a key thinker’s original texts 3 by explaining her or his key ideas, putting them into context and, 4 perhaps most importantly, showing you why this thinker is considered 5 to be significant. The emphasis is on concise, clearly written guides 6 which do not presuppose a specialist knowledge. Although the focus 7 is on particular figures, the series stresses that no critical thinker ever 8 existed in a vacuum but, instead, emerged from a broader intellectual, 9 cultural and social history. Finally, these books will act as a bridge 30111 between you and the thinker’s original texts: not replacing them but 1 rather complementing what she or he wrote. 2 These books are necessary for a number of reasons. In his 1997 3 autobiography, Not Entitled, the literary critic Frank Kermode wrote 4 of a time in the 1960s: 5 6 On beautiful summer lawns, young people lay together all night, recovering 7 from their daytime exertions and listening to a troupe of Balinese musicians. 8 Under their blankets or their sleeping bags, they would chat drowsily about 3911 the gurus of the time. ...What they repeated was largely hearsay; hence my x SERIES EDITOR’S PREFACE lunchtime suggestion, quite impromptu, for a series of short, very cheap books offering authoritative but intelligible introductions to such figures. There is still a need for ‘authoritative and intelligible introductions’. But this series reflects a different world from the 1960s. New thinkers have emerged and the reputations of others have risen and fallen, as new research has developed. New methodologies and challenging ideas have spread through the arts and humanities. The study of literature is no longer – if it ever was – simply the study and evaluation of poems, novels and plays. It is also the study of the ideas, issues, and difficulties which arise in any literary text and in its interpretation. Other arts and humanities subjects have changed in analogous ways. With these changes, new problems have emerged. The ideas and issues behind these radical changes in the humanities are often presented without reference to wider contexts or as theories which you can simply ‘add on’ to the texts you read. Certainly, there’s nothing wrong with picking out selected ideas or using what comes to hand – indeed, some thinkers have argued that this is, in fact, all we can do. However, it is sometimes forgotten that each new idea comes from the pattern and development of somebody’s thought and it is important to study the range and context of their ideas. Against theories ‘floating in space’, the Routledge Critical Thinkers series places key thinkers and their ideas firmly back in their contexts. More than this, these books reflect the need to go back to the thinker’s own texts and ideas. Every interpretation of an idea, even the most seemingly innocent one, offers its own ‘spin’, implicitly or explicitly. To read only books on a thinker, rather than texts by that thinker, is to deny yourself a chance of making up your own mind. Sometimes what makes a significant figure’s work hard to approach is not so much its style or content as the feeling of not knowing where to start. The purpose of these books is to give you a ‘way in’ by offer- ing an accessible overview of a these thinkers’ ideas and works and by guiding your further reading, starting with each thinker’s own texts. To use a metaphor from the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951), these books are ladders, to be thrown away after you have climbed to the next level. Not only, then, do they equip you to approach new ideas, but also they empower you, by leading you back to a theo- rist’s own texts and encouraging you to develop your own informed opinions. 1111 Finally, these books are necessary because, just as intellectual needs 2 have changed, the education systems around the world – the contexts 3 in which introductory books are usually read – have changed radically, 4 too. What was suitable for the minority higher education system of 5111 the 1960s is not suitable for the larger, wider, more diverse, high tech- 6 nology education systems of the twenty-first century.