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Oversight Hearing Committee on Natural Resources U.S. House of Representatives

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Oversight Hearing Committee on Natural Resources U.S. House of Representatives HEALTHY OCEANS AND HEALTHY ECONOMIES: THE STATE OF OUR OCEANS IN THE 21st CENTURY OVERSIGHT HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER, OCEANS, AND WILDLIFE OF THE COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION Thursday, February 7, 2019 Serial No. 116–2 Printed for the use of the Committee on Natural Resources ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov or Committee address: http://naturalresources.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 34–955 PDF WASHINGTON : 2019 COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES RAU´ L M. GRIJALVA, AZ, Chair DEBRA A. HAALAND, NM, Vice Chair GREGORIO KILILI CAMACHO SABLAN, CNMI, Vice Chair, Insular Affairs ROB BISHOP, UT, Ranking Republican Member Grace F. Napolitano, CA Don Young, AK Jim Costa, CA Louie Gohmert, TX Gregorio Kilili Camacho Sablan, CNMI Doug Lamborn, CO Jared Huffman, CA Robert J. Wittman, VA Alan S. Lowenthal, CA Tom McClintock, CA Ruben Gallego, AZ Paul A. Gosar, AZ TJ Cox, CA Paul Cook, CA Joe Neguse, CO Bruce Westerman, AR Mike Levin, CA Garret Graves, LA Debra A. Haaland, NM Jody B. Hice, GA Jefferson Van Drew, NJ Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen, AS Joe Cunningham, SC Daniel Webster, FL Nydia M. Vela´zquez, NY Liz Cheney, WY Diana DeGette, CO Mike Johnson, LA Wm. Lacy Clay, MO Jenniffer Gonza´lez-Colo´n, PR Debbie Dingell, MI John R. Curtis, UT Anthony G. Brown, MD Kevin Hern, OK A. Donald McEachin, VA Russ Fulcher, ID Darren Soto, FL Ed Case, HI Steven Horsford, NV Michael F. Q. San Nicolas, GU Vacancy Vacancy Vacancy David Watkins, Chief of Staff Sarah Lim, Chief Counsel Parish Braden, Republican Staff Director http://naturalresources.house.gov SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER, OCEANS, AND WILDLIFE JARED HUFFMAN, CA, Chair TOM MCCLINTOCK, CA, Ranking Republican Member Grace F. Napolitano, CA Doug Lamborn, CO Jim Costa, CA Robert J. Wittman, VA Gregorio Kilili Camacho Sablan, CNMI Garret Graves, LA Jefferson Van Drew, NJ Jody B. Hice, GA Nydia M. Vela´zquez, NY Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen, AS Anthony G. Brown, MD Daniel Webster, FL Ed Case, HI Mike Johnson, LA Alan S. Lowenthal, CA Jenniffer Gonza´lez-Colo´n, PR TJ Cox, CA Russ Fulcher, ID Joe Neguse, CO Rob Bishop, UT, ex officio Mike Levin, CA Joe Cunningham, SC Rau´ l M. Grijalva, AZ, ex officio (II) CONTENTS Page Hearing held on Thursday, February 7, 2019 ....................................................... 1 Statement of Members: Grijalva, Hon. Rau´ l M., a Representative in Congress from the State of Arizona, prepared statement of ............................................................... 74 Huffman, Hon. Jared, a Representative in Congress from the State of California ....................................................................................................... 1 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 3 McClintock, Hon. Tom, a Representative in Congress from the State of California ................................................................................................... 4 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 6 Statement of Witnesses: Bronk, Deborah, President and CEO, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine .................................................................. 23 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 25 Browner, Carol, Former Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC .............................................................................. 11 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 12 Casoni, Beth, Executive Director, Massachusetts Lobstermen’s Associa- tion, Scituate, Massachusetts ...................................................................... 14 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 16 Chalk, Angela, Executive Director, Healthy Community Services, New Orleans, Louisiana ........................................................................................ 19 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 20 Dayaratna, Kevin, Senior Statistician and Research Programmer, Institute for Economic Freedom, The Heritage Foundation, Washington, DC .................................................................................................................. 43 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 45 Goodwine, Queen Quet Marquetta L., Chieftess and Head-of-State of the Gullah/Geechee Nation, St. Helena Island, South Carolina ............... 7 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 9 Legates, David R., Professor of Climatology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware ........................................................................................ 33 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 35 Additional Materials Submitted for the Record: Conservation International, Dawson J. Hunter, Senior Director, U.S. Government Policy, February 19, 2019 Letter to Reps. Huffman and McClintock ..................................................................................................... 74 List of documents submitted for the record retained in the Committee’s official files .................................................................................................... 82 Ocean Conservancy, Janis Searles Jones, CEO, February 7, 2019 Letter to Reps. Huffman and McClintock .............................................................. 76 (III) OVERSIGHT HEARING ON HEALTHY OCEANS AND HEALTHY ECONOMIES: THE STATE OF OUR OCEANS IN THE 21st CENTURY Thursday, February 7, 2019 U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Water, Oceans, and Wildlife Committee on Natural Resources Washington, DC The Subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 3:20 p.m., in room 1324, Longworth House Office Building, Hon. Jared Huffman [Chairman of the Subcommittee] presiding. Present: Representatives Huffman, Costa, Van Drew, Vela´zquez, Case, Lowenthal, Levin, Cox, Cunningham, Grijalva (ex officio), McClintock, Lamborn, Graves, and Bishop (ex officio). Mr. HUFFMAN. Good afternoon, everyone. The Subcommittee on Water, Oceans, and Wildlife will come to order. The Subcommittee is meeting today to hear testimony on ‘‘Healthy Oceans and Healthy Economies: The State of Our Oceans in the 21st Century.’’ Under Committee Rule 4(f), any oral opening statements at this hearing will be limited to the Chairman, the Ranking Member, the Vice Chair, and the Vice Ranking Member. This allows us to hear from our witnesses sooner and helps keep Members on schedule. Therefore, I ask unanimous consent that all Members’ opening statements be made part of the hearing record if they are submitted to the Clerk by 5 p.m. today or the close of hearing, whichever comes first. Hearing no objection, it is so ordered. STATEMENT OF THE HON. JARED HUFFMAN, A REPRESENTA- TIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA Mr. HUFFMAN. Good afternoon. I want to take this opportunity to welcome everyone to the Water, Oceans, and Wildlife Subcommittee hearing, our first hearing of the year. And, yes, the acronym for this Subcommittee is ‘‘WOW.’’ I think that is appropriate when you consider the broad jurisdiction we have and the makeup of this Subcommittee, which includes several returning Members and quite a few new Members. I look forward to working with every one of you. I am excited to chair this Subcommittee because our jurisdiction encompasses so many issues that I care deeply about, many of which I have spent most of my career working on. That includes water supply, protecting habitats and wildlife, managing coastal and marine environments and fisheries, and sportsmen’s issues, just to name a few. These are critically important things. (1) 2 And I am looking forward to working with our new Ranking Member, Mr. McClintock—congratulations, Tom—to find a fresh start at finding common-sense, scientifically-based solutions to the challenges and opportunities we will confront. I have thought a lot over the past 6 years in Congress about things that I would try to do differently if I ever got a chance to hold one of these. And I know that I am just one person in a big institution that is somewhat ossified, but I want to try some new things here at the WOW in this Congress. First, as complex and challenging as these resource issues can be, I want to challenge the assumption that our job is simply to fight about them. Frankly, it is one of the things that has frus- trated me the most over the past 6 years, not that we have dif- ferences—we obviously have differences—but, somewhere along the line, people stopped trying to find consensus on tough issues. They stopped even trying to develop a common understanding of the baseline facts and science before jumping right into the partisan fights. And, for the most part, they even stopped trying to make policy in an open, deliberative, and inclusive way that should follow from that work to develop a common baseline of facts and science. I know that this place has been hardwired for partisan combat for a long time. We may not always succeed, but I am going to at least try to do all those things as the Chair of this Subcommittee. And toward
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