Public Transit Access to Private Property
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Public Transit Access to Private Property January 2009 Center for Urban Transportation Research REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED January 2002 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Public Transit Access to Private Property 6. AUTHOR(S) Dennis Hinebaugh 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING National Center for Transit Research (NCTR) ORGANIZATION Center for Urban Transportation Research REPORT NUMBER University of South Florida 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CUT100 Tampa, FL 33620 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/ U.S. Department of Transportation MONITORING Federal Transit Administration, AGENCY REPORT Office of Research, Demonstration and Innovation (TRI) NUMBER 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 12b. DISTRIBUTION 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT CODE Available From: National Center for Transit Research, Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CUT100, Tampa, FL 33620 Also available through NBRTI web site: https://www.NCTR.org 13. ABSTRACT The scope of the project includes the following activities: conducting a literature review to identify any current written practices related to developing public transit access to private properties and identify news articles which report instances where public transit access was denied or withdrawn by private entities; conducting a case review of legal publications to identify either directly or indirectly related cases which involve public and/or private access to privately owned major commercial properties; summarizing federal, state and local case law, where available, to determine the legal rights of public transit agencies as it pertains to access to private properties; distributing a written survey to public transit providers in Florida and at least fifty other systems (including the nation’s 30 largest systems) in the United States; distributing a written survey to selected private property developers, owners and managers in Florida and the United States to identify successful and unsuccessful transit access practices; developing specific state and local government model regulations and development codes which shall support the access of public transit vehicles to private properties; developing recommendations for successfully achieving public transit access to major private properties with a corresponding “Transit Access to Private Property Negotiation Guidelines” document; and disseminate the results of the study and related documents to the Florida Transit Association. 15. NUMBER OF 14. SUBJECT TERMS PAGES Transit, Public access, Private Access 95 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified ii iii Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER ONE – RESULTS OF LITERATURE SEARCH AND SURVEY OF PUBLIC TRANSIT OPERATORS AND PRIVATE PROPERTY DEVELOPERS/MANAGERS ........................................................... 3 LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 SURVEY OF FTA WASHINGTON AND REGIONAL OFFICES .................................................................................................. 3 FTA, Washington, D.C. .......................................................................................................................................... 4 PUBLIC TRANSIT BUS ACCESS TO PRIVATE PROPERTY (PUBLIC TRANSIT OPERATOR SURVEY) . 4 SURVEY DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 TRANSIT AGENCY SURVEY RESULTS ................................................................................................................................. 8 COMMON THREADS .......................................................................................................................................................... 19 PUBLIC TRANSIT BUS ACCESS TO PRIVATE PROPERTY (PRIVATE PROPERTY DEVELOPER/MANAGER SURVEY) ....................................................................................................................... 19 PRIVATE PROPERTY DEVELOPER/MANAGER SURVEY RESULTS ....................................................................................... 21 COMMON THREADS .......................................................................................................................................................... 28 SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................................................... 28 ISSUES OF SIGNIFICANCE IN DENYING OR RELOCATING TRANSIT STOPS .......................................................................... 29 IMPORTANCE OF INCENTIVES AS RANKED BY TRANSIT AGENCIES AND DEVELOPERS/MANAGERS .................................. 29 SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER TWO – TRANSIT ACCESS TO PRIVATE PROPERTY NEGOTIATION GUIDELINES ............ 32 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 32 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................................... 33 TYPES OF TRANSIT STOPS ..................................................................................................................................... 36 ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ON-SITE TRANSIT SERVICE ................................................................................ 37 LEGISLATIVE ACTIONS TO IMPROVE COORDINATION .............................................................................. 37 TECHNIQUES FOR TRANSIT ACCOMODATIONS ............................................................................................. 39 REGULATORY ................................................................................................................................................................... 40 NON-REGULATORY .......................................................................................................................................................... 42 POLICIES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 46 CONTRACT DEVELOPMENT .................................................................................................................................. 46 SITE PLAN REVIEW .................................................................................................................................................. 47 MITIGATION FOR TRANSIT ACCESS .................................................................................................................. 49 AGENCY INVOLVEMENT ........................................................................................................................................ 51 WELFARE TO WORK PROGRAM ........................................................................................................................................ 52 iv APPENDIX A – TRANSIT PROVIDER SURVEY ................................................................................................... 53 APPENDIX B – PRIVATE PROPERTY DEVELOPER/MANAGER SURVEY ................................................... 58 APPENDIX C – LIST OF TRANSIT AGENCIES AND PRIVATE PROPERTY DEVELOPERS/MANAGERS SURVEYED ................................................................................................................................................................... 63 APPENDIX D – RESULTS OF THE TRANSIT AGENCY SURVEY .................................................................... 78 APPENDIX E – RESULTS OF THE PRIVATE PROPERTY DEVELOPER/MANAGER SURVEY ................ 89 v INTRODUCTION Under contract with the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), the Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) was asked to assess the issues surrounding the legal rights of public transit agencies to enter and serve private property, as well as to identify the major