DOCSLIB.ORG

This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: • This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. • A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. • This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. • The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. • When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Blood, Sweat and Tears: A Case Study of the Development of Cultured Red Blood Cells for Transfusion Emma King PhD The University of Edinburgh 2013 ABSTRACT This thesis is an in-depth case study of an interdisciplinary, paradigm breaking, research team who are seeking to develop cultured red blood cells (RBCs) for transfusion using stem cells (known as the BloodPharma project). It answers the research question: What can an in-depth case study of the BloodPharma project reveal about everyday scientific practice and the project management of a large research programme? The BloodPharma project occupies a unique position within the stem cell arena due to the size and multi-disciplinary nature of the project team, and the unique risk profile of cultured RBCs. The historical significance of blood donation is combined with the modern innovation of stem cell usage, to create a product which is both novel but also highly emotive. The case study comprises interviews with a range of stakeholders, laboratory observation, and participant observation of public outreach activities. In addition presence at team meetings and teleconferences has allowed an in-depth analysis of the project progression. The thesis has also drawn heavily on science and technology studies and scientific literature, as well as on information gathered from a wide variety of conferences and workshops. Key findings indicate that early stage laboratory work in this interdisciplinary project is achieved through the standardisation of work across different research spaces, with training and visual aids used to overcome the hurdle of tacit knowledge associated with the development of stem cell technologies. In designing early stage laboratory work the team looked to the human body as a benchmark of in vivo RBC production, using in vivo cells as a dual standard for which the team must aim, but cannot fall short of. Scale-up and standardisation were identified as the key challenges to the translation of this early stage laboratory work into a clinically useable product. These challenges require new expertise and innovation, and are an example of the translational obstacles of tacit knowledge and visual techniques which are found in the wider stem cell field. The use of target markets was identified by the team as a stepping stone to larger scale production, although in common with other stem cell therapies the clinical trials route to first-in-human use is still unclear. The uncertainty of regulation for stem cell products, and specifically how this relates to the BloodPharma project, is also a key finding of this thesis. Interactions with the regulatory system are seen as a necessity but also represent an area of confusion for laboratory researchers, requiring much specialist knowledge to understand and navigate regulatory documents. Regulatory expertise is brought to the BloodPharma project through reliance on particular members of staff. Public outreach has formed an important part of the BloodPharma project and shows the scientists stepping outside their primary area of expertise, a reflection of the broader trend amongst academic research to demonstrate ‘broader impact criteria’. Public outreach for the BloodPharma team was found to occupy a unique niche, given that the team must balance the promotion of a future product with the preservation of the current donation system. This research is of a case study which goes beyond the boundaries of the laboratory, to look not only at early stage laboratory work, but also at the way in which the team envisions future translation and regulatory hurdles, and the public outreach which must combine to develop a novel stem cell therapy. The thesis is the first in-depth case study to follow a large, interdisciplinary, stem cell team through the work they carry out both within the laboratory space, and outside it; challenging the idea of what it means to carry out scientific work in this novel area of stem cell therapies. DECLARATION OF OWN WORK This is to certify that the work contained within has been composed by me and is entirely my own work. No part of this thesis has been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification. Signed: Date: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my supervisors, Dr James Mittra and Professor David Wield, for their unwavering support and advice over the past four years. This thanks should also be extended to all those at the ESRC Innogen Centre and STIS for their continued friendship and guidance. I would also like to thank my three examiners for their time and advice. Acknowledgement must go to the members of the BloodPharma team, who were kind enough to allow me access into their work and to cooperate fully with this case study. I would also like to thank all the other interviewees who gave up their time to take part in this study. This work would not have been possible without the funding support of the ESRC, in partnership with the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and the Scottish Stem Cell Network. I would also like to thank Professor Joyce Tait and other Innogen colleagues for their groundwork on bidding for this CASE studentship on behalf of the Innogen centre. Thanks must go to the many friends who have supported me throughout the PhD process, both those within and outside the university. Particular mention must go to Christine Knight, Helene Frössling Mattsson, Sue Gyford, my boyfriend Bruce Bell, and the ‘Wednesday coffee crew’. Also to the wild swimmers, the knitting group, and the sea kayakers who have helped me fill my free time over the past few years. Finally I would like to thank my family for their constant love, sacrifices, and support. CONTENTS ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................... II DECLARATION OF OWN WORK .................................................................................................. IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................V CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ VI LIST OF FIGURES .........................................................................................................................VIII ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................................... IX IDENTIFICATION OF QUOTATIONS ..............................................................................................X CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1 The Key Research Questions .................................................................................................. 3 SITUATING THE BLOODPHARMA PROJECT WITHIN THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF DONOR BLOOD TRANSFUSION ................................................................................................ 5 Objectives of the BloodPharma Project ................................................................................ 13 Introducing the Substantive Research Chapters ................................................................. 16 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY AND ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK ..................................... 19 RESEARCH STRATEGY ............................................................................................................ 19 THE METHODS USED ................................................................................................................ 20 REFLEXIVITY ............................................................................................................................... 31 ETHICS, DATA PROTECTION, CONFIDENTIALITY ............................................................. 32 THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS .......................................................... 33 CHAPTER 3: EARLY STAGE LABORATORY WORK .............................................................. 38 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 38 THE CHALLENGES OF WORKING ACROSS MULTIPLE SITES AND DIFFERENT DISCIPLINARY AREAS ............................................................................................................... 40 THE ROLE OF TACIT KNOWLEDGE IN EARLY STAGE LABORATORY PRACTICES ... 50 THE
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Thomas Sydenham, the English Hippocrates
    ' 143 THOMAS SYDENHAM, THE ENGLISH HIPPOCRATES. "THOMAS SYDENHAM, THE ENGLISH HIPPOCRATES."1 % w. H. Coupland, L.R.C.P.Edin., Senior Assistant Medical Officer, The Royal Albert Asylum for Idiots, Lancaster. Gentlemen,?Iii the paper that1 had the this Club, entitled "Sir Thomas Browne, ^"^^^anyhmen- tioned pmitpinnoraries, and quoted an anecdote concerning one of his Thomas the of theo^mp ^ Sydenham, greatest physician ^ and one called tl century, who has been _ J ^ Of in e 0f niy him I purpose to and speak to-night, him remarks I shall mention others of his time v, ^uenced either m the intellectualinteilec by their friendship or by their position world of that day. , .j t <-omi can must of be omi ,, only Many particulars necessity ^ attempt a mere sketch of his career, leaving 5 c ^ have used interest is aroused, to refer to some of the ma and ia en^on t0 which is before me; and among this I } the editions of the works of Sydenham issue? Sydenham " J,,. f0 the "Life to the of National Biogi y > Society; Dictionary (< iiellt of written Dr. Samuel John on Sydenham," by ^ Mr. and to^m Doctors," by Bettany; also "Masters of Medicine" Series, writtenespecially^: b) ? Payne-who wrote the article in the " Dictionary of a, 1 i>;0crraphy,"?a ^ book to am accu ' 0rmation, many which I indebted for much , points in the career of our hero jn obscurity, j?emS ivnwn ' to be found Lastly, to that essay, by in " delightful L>i-0111, friend Horae Subsecivl," in which j Locke, the are so > My physician-philosopher, and has paper is, I will at once confess, but a mass extracts, common been compiled the aid of scissoi s 1 only by jc factor in the of literary work, for, like Molieie, 1prcnds tnon hi*? -.v.
    [Show full text]
  • C:\Data\WP\F\200\Catalogue Sections\Aaapreliminary Pages.Wpd
    Jonathan A. Hill, Bookseller, Inc. 325 West End Avenue, Apt. 10B New York City, New York, 10023-8145 Tel: 646 827-0724 Fax: 212 496-9182 E-mail: [email protected] Catalogue 200 Proofs Science, Medicine, Natural History, Bibliography, & Much More Introduction & Selective Subject Index on Following Pages Introduction TWO HUNDRED CATALOGUES in thirty-three years: more than 35,000 books and manuscripts have been described in these catalogues. Thousands of other books, including many of the most important and unusual, never found their way into my catalogues, having been quickly sold before their descriptions could appear in print. In the last fifteen years, since my Catalogue 100 appeared, many truly exceptional books passed through my hands. Of these, I would like to mention three. The first, sold in 2003 was a copy of the first edition in Latin of the Columbus Letter of 1493. This is now in a private collection. In 2004, I was offered a book which I scarcely dreamed of owning: the Narratio Prima of Rheticus, printed in 1540. Presenting the first announcement of the heliocentric system of Copernicus, this copy in now in the Linda Hall Library in Kansas City, Missouri. Both of the books were sold before they could appear in my catalogues. Finally, the third book is an absolutely miraculous uncut copy in the original limp board wallet binding of Galileo’s Sidereus Nuncius of 1610. Appearing in my Catalogue 178, this copy was acquired by the Library of Congress. This is the first and, probably the last, “personal” catalogue I will prepare.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Thesis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Religion, Medicine and Confessional Identity in Early Modern England Mann, Sophie Liana Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 Religion, Medicine and Confessional Identity in Early Modern England by Sophie Liana Mann Department of History, King’s College London Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History, March 2014 1 Abstract Early modern historians often frame ‘religion’ and ‘medicine’ as distinct categories of experience and conduct.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Medicine in the City of London
    [From Fabricios ab Aquapendente: Opere chirurgiche. Padova, 1684] ANNALS OF MEDICAL HISTORY Third Series, Volume III January, 1941 Number 1 HISTORY OF MEDICINE IN THE CITY OF LONDON By SIR HUMPHRY ROLLESTON, BT., G.C.V.O., K.C.B. HASLEMERE, ENGLAND HET “City” of London who analysed Bald’s “Leech Book” (ca. (Llyn-din = town on 890), the oldest medical work in Eng­ the lake) lies on the lish and the textbook of Anglo-Saxon north bank of the leeches; the most bulky of the Anglo- I h a m e s a n d Saxon leechdoms is the “Herbarium” stretches north to of that mysterious personality (pseudo-) Finsbury, and east Apuleius Platonicus, who must not be to west from the confused with Lucius Apuleius of Ma- l ower to Temple Bar. The “city” is daura (ca. a.d. 125), the author of “The now one of the smallest of the twenty- Golden Ass.” Payne deprecated the un­ nine municipal divisions of the admin­ due and, relative to the state of opin­ istrative County of London, and is a ion in other countries, exaggerated County corporate, whereas the other references to the imperfections (super­ twenty-eight divisions are metropolitan stitions, magic, exorcisms, charms) of boroughs. Measuring 678 acres, it is Anglo-Saxon medicine, as judged by therefore a much restricted part of the present-day standards, and pointed out present greater London, but its medical that the Anglo-Saxons were long in ad­ history is long and of special interest. vance of other Western nations in the Of Saxon medicine in England there attempt to construct a medical litera­ is not any evidence before the intro­ ture in their own language.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 6, Number 1 (2013)
    Volume 6, Number 1 (2013) Journal of Literature and Science i Volume 6, Number 1 (2013) ISSN 1754-646X Contents Special Issue: Rethinking Approaches to Illness Narratives iv Keir Waddington and Martin Willis Introduction: Rethinking Illness Narratives 1 Alysa Levene and Kevin Siena Reporting Dirt and Disease: Child Ill-Health in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century England 18 Hazel Morrison Conversing with the Psychiatrist: Patient Narratives within Glasgow’s RoyalAsylum 1921- 1929 38 Angela Woods Rethinking “Patient Testimony” in the Medical Humanities: The Case of Schizophrenia Bulletin’s First Person Accounts 55 Martin Willis, Keir Waddington and Richard Marsden Imaginary Investments: Illness Narratives Beyond the Gaze Article Reviews 74 Christopher Daley Review of Daniel Cordle’s “Protect/Protest: British Nuclear Fiction of the 1980s.” 76 Christopher Daley Review of Jonathon Hogg’s “‘The Family that Feared Tomorrow’: British Nuclear Culture and Individual Experience in the late 1950s.” 78 Michelle Geric Review of Gowan Dawson’s “Literary Megatheriums and Loose Baggy Monsters: Paleontology and the Victorian Novel.” 80 Maeve O’Brien Review of Janine Rogers and Charlotte Sleigh’s “‘Here is my Honey-Machine’: Sylvia Plath and the Mereology of the Beehive.” 82 Anne Schwan Review of Cristina Hanganu-Bresch and Carol Berkenkotter’s “Narrative Survival: Personal and Institutional Accounts of Asylum Confinement.” 84 Ben Winyard Review of Kay Young’s “‘Wounded by Mystery’: Dickens and Attachment Theory.” The Journal of Literature and Science is produced by the Centre for the Study of Science and Imagination (SCIMAG), 309 Regent Street, London, W1B 2HW Journal of Literature and Science ii Volume 6, Number 1 (2013) ISSN 1754-646X About the JLS The Journal of Literature and Science (JLS) is a peer-reviewed academic journal published twice annually in Summer and Winter .
    [Show full text]
  • 6. WESTERN TIDEWATER FREE CLINIC The
    SOUTHAMPTON COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS Regular Session i November 26, 2012 6. WESTERN TIDEWATER FREE CLINIC The Western Tidewater Free Clinic has requested a few moments on your agenda to provide you an update on their activities. The presentation will be given by Dr. Patsy Joyner, one of their Board members and a Southampton County resident. In 2011, the Western Tidewater Free Clinic responded to more than 1,200 patient visits. Approximately 12% of their patients are Southampton County residents. In order to meet eligibility requirements, patients must have no health insurance and live at or below 200% of the federal poverty level (for a family of four, this would be an annual income of $44,100 or $21,660 for a single individual). Southampton County included $9,000 for the Western Tidewater Free Clinic in its FY 2013 annual budget. From: Mike Johnson [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Monday, November 19, 2012 2:33 PM To: [email protected] Cc: Cindy Edwards; Michael W. Johnson ([email protected]) Subject: RE: WTFC Board Presentation Texie, I wanted to confirm that I've added Dr. Joyner to our agenda on November 26. The meeting begins at 7:00 p.m. and this will be agenda item #6. We look forward to receiving her remarks. Best regards, Mike Michael W. Johnson County Administrator Southampton County P.O. Box 400 Courtland, VA 23837 (757) 653-3015 www.southamptoncounty.org From: Texie Marks [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Thursday, November 08, 2012 10:53 AM To: [email protected] Subject: Texie Marks and Western Tidewater Free Clinic Hi Cindy, We would love to have an opportunity to do a very short (less than five minutes) presentation to the Supervisors at their November 26th meeting.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dissenting Tradition in English Medicine of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
    Medical History, 1995, 39: 197-218 The Dissenting Tradition in English Medicine of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries WILLIAM BIRKEN* In England, medicine has always been something of a refuge for individuals whose lives have been dislocated by religious and political strife. This was particularly true in the seventeenth century when changes in Church and State were occurring at a blinding speed. In his book The experience of defeat, Christopher Hill has described the erratic careers of a number of radical clergy and intellectuals who studied and practised medicine in times of dislocation. A list pulled together from Hill's book would include: John Pordage, Samuel Pordage, Henry Stubbe, John Webster, John Rogers, Abiezer Coppe, William Walwyn and Marchamont Nedham.1 Medicine as a practical option for a lost career, or to supplement and subsidize uncertain careers, can also be found among Royalists and Anglicans when their lives were similarly disrupted during the Interregnum. Among these were the brilliant Vaughan twins, Thomas, the Hermetic philosopher, and Henry, the metaphysical poet and clergyman; the poet, Abraham Cowley; and the mercurial Nedham, who was dislocated both as a republican and as a royalist. The Anglicans Ralph Bathurst and Mathew Robinson were forced to abandon temporarily their clerical careers for medicine, only to return to the Church when times were more propitious. In the middle of the eighteenth century the political and religious disabilities of non-juring Anglicanism were still potent enough to impel Sir Richard Jebb to a successful medical career. But by and large the greatest impact on medicine came from the much larger group of the displaced, the English Dissenters, whose combination of religion and medicine were nothing short of remarkable.
    [Show full text]
  • Library Exhibition
    LIBRARY EXHIBITION DRAMATIS PERSONAE William Cole (1635-1716): Physician in Henry Sampson (1629-1700): Historian of the Worcester. Author of a treatise on the se- dissenters and physician to non- cretions of animals. conformists in London. Contributor to the Sir John Floyer (1649-1734): Physician in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Lichfield. Author of works on asthma, John Wilkins (1614-1672): A cadaver. Once therapeutic bathing, and enthusiast for tak- Bishop of Chester. Founder member of the ing a patient’s pulse. Royal Society. Popularizer of Galileo. Crea- Richard Higgs (ca. 1632-1690): A physician in tor of a universal language. Coventry. Supplier to the pesthouse there. Thomas Willis (1621-1675): Physician in Ox- Richard Lower (1631-1691): Physician in ford. Associate of Messrs Boyle, Wren, London. Author of a major work on the Locke, Hooke. Writer of pioneering work heart and circulatory system, performed the on the brain. Sedleian Professor of Natural first successful blood-transfusion on two Philosophy at Oxford. dogs. Walter Needham (1631?-1691?): Anatomical lecturer to the Company of Surgeons. Au- thor of a work on foetal anatomy. The Medical Correspondence of Richard Higgs Gathered together in a single album kept here in the Library are a selection of letters from numerous key figures of the late 17th century flowering of scientific and medical thought and discovery that took place in Oxford. All of these letters are addressed to Dr Richard Higgs, and yet, for an associate of such illustrious figures, Higgs himself is elusive in the historical record. Originally from Gloucestershire, he appears to have matriculated at Queen’s College in Oxford in 1642 at around the age of 17, before embarking on medical training at Hart Hall, to graduate DM in 1659.
    [Show full text]
  • Samuel Doody and His Books
    Samuel Doody and his Books David Thorley Based on title page inscriptions, the online catalogue of Sloane Printed Books identifies forty- one volumes as having been owned by ‘J. Doody’ or ‘John Doody’.1 Typically, these inscriptions have been taken to indicate that the books were ex libris John Doody (1616-1680) of Stafford, the father of the botanist and apothecary Samuel Doody (1656-1706), but he may not (or at least may not always) be the John Doody to whom the inscriptions refer.2 While it is plausible that several of these books did belong to that John Doody, it is impossible that all of them were his: at least seven inscribed with the name were published after 1680, the year of his death. Only two books can certainly be said to have passed through his hands. First, a 1667 copy of Culpeper’s English translation of the Pharmacopœia Londinensis (shelfmark 777.b.3), bears several marks of ownership. On the reverse of the title page is inscribed in secretary characters ‘John Doodie his book’, while the phrase ‘John Doodie de Stafford’ appears on pp. 53 and 287, and the words ‘John Doodie de Stafford in Cometatu’ are written on to p. 305. A further inscription on the final page of Culpeper’s appendix giving ‘A Synopsis of the KEY ofGalen’s Method of Physick’ reads ‘John Doodie de Stafford ownth this booke and giue Joye theron to looke’. In two other places, longer inscriptions have been obliterated. Second, a 1581 edition of Dioscorides’s Alphabetum Empiricum (shelfmark 778.a.3) contains annotations in apparently the same hand that inscribed the 1667 Pharmacopœia.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Small Mites for the Treasury of Learning: the Everyday Life of the New Science in Late Seve
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Small Mites for the Treasury of Learning: The Everyday Life of the New Science in Late Seventeenth-Century London A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Laura Ritchie Morgan 2016 © Copyright by Laura Ritchie Morgan 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Small Mites for the Treasury of Learning: The Everyday Life of the New Science in Late Seventeenth-Century London by Laura Ritchie Morgan Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Margaret C. Jacob, Chair Drawing on experimental notebooks, account books, estate inventories, and bureaucratic memoranda, this dissertation demonstrates that the investigation and manipulation of the natural world in Restoration London stretched beyond the well-known Royal Society. The Society relied on skills, labor, and unexpected expertise outside its Fellowship to shape its work, while skills valued by the Society’s Fellows were found in pre-existing industries. In addition, the experimentation, observation, and collection practices essential to the new science occurred in small shops, Royal palaces, and the streets of metropolis. Chapter Two argues that the Society’s first home at Gresham College was an uncontrolled space, neither public nor private, through which many Londoners moved. While some servants, craftspeople, and experts were invited in to contribute skill or labor, the experience and knowledge outsiders unexpectedly brought into the Society, the College, or London itself also influenced the questions investigated by the Society. ii Chapter Three is a detailed examination of apothecary John Conyers’s years-long efforts to disprove the theory of air pressure by observing changes in atmospheric moisture.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Bibliography of the Works of Walter Charleton1
    ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE WORKS OF WALTER CHARLETON1 Published works Chorea Gigantum, or, The Most Famous Antiquity of Great-Britan [sic], Vulgarly called Stone-Heng, Standing on Salisbury Plain, Restored to the Danes, London, Printed for Henry Herringman, 1663. The Most Notable Antiquity of Great-Britain, Vulgarly called Stone-Heng, on Salisbury Plain, Restored, by Inigo Jones . to which are added Chorea Gigantum and Mr Webb’s Vindication, London, Printed for D. Browne Junior, and J. Woodman and D. Lyon, 1725. A facsimile edition of the 1725 edition has been produced, introduced by Stuart Piggot, Farnborough, Gregg, 1971. Charleton dedicated Chorea ‘to the King’s Most Excellent Majesty’, and referred to the monarch’s personal interest in the matter. In July 1663, when the physician presented his observations on Stonehenge to the Society, Aubrey was asked to look into the matter.2 He indicated that the King was quite taken with Charleton’s theory about Stonehenge. Charleton and Aubrey attended the King and the Duke and Duchess of York when they visited the area in 1663.3 Chorea contributed to contemporary debate about the origins of the mon- ument. It criticised Inigo Jones’ The Most Notable Antiquity of Great Britain, vulgarly called Stone-heng, restored, which argued for the Roman origin of the stone monuments. Charleton claimed that Stonehenge was in fact the construction of ancient Danes. This initiated considerable contro- versy, and was ill-received in London. Wood claims Charleton’s text was ‘exploded by most persons when t’was published’. Chorea garnered a severe retaliation from Jones’s son-in-law, John Webb.4 1 The works are organised alphabetically, and are designed to provide a quick reference while read- ing the main body of the book.
    [Show full text]
  • The Works of Thomas Sydenham, M.D
    THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES THE SYDENHAM SOCIETY INSTITUTED MDCCCXLIII LONDON MDCCCXI.VHI THE WORKS OF THOMAS SYDENHAM. M.D. TRANSLATED FBOM THE LATIN EDITION OF DR. GREENHILL A LIFE OF THE AUTHOR R. G. LATHAM, M.D. KTC. KTC. ETC. IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. I. LONDON PRINTED FOR THE SYDENHAM SOCIETY MDCCCXLVIU. C. AND J. ARI-ARD, PRINTKRS, BARTHOLOMEW CM*' "R V.) TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. THE present translation is from the text of Dr. GREENHILI/S edition; a work of great care and accuracy, and one from which the notes and indices have supplied the present writer with an amount of information that has materially lightened his labour. The latitude that he has allowed himself in rendering the Latin of the original into equivalent English may, to some, appear considerable : nevertheless, it is considered not to exceed the average latitude recognised by the translators of long works. This permits the breaking up of long and compound periods, the fusion of many simple sentences into a few complex ones, the conversion of parenthetic observations into independent sen- tences, transpositions, and similar licences. But it does not admit misrepresentations, omissions, or additions. It may be necessary to suggest to the reader that, although the Latin style of the works of Sydenham is highly valued, and, with the single fault of being somewhat too studiously idiomatic, is altogether worthy both of its subject and its author, it is far from improbable that the English equivalent may disappoint such readers as are prepared, or over-prepared, with their admiration.
    [Show full text]