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Web Application Security Standards

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Web Application Security Standards WEB APPLICATION SECURITY STANDARDS It is much more secure to be feared than to be loved. www.ideas2it.com Security Headers ● Content-Security-Policy ○ Reduce XSS risks on modern browsers ● X-Content-Type-Options ○ Prevent browsers from trying to guess (“sniff”) the MIME type ● X-XSS-Protection ○ Stops pages from loading when they detect reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) ● X-Frame-Options ○ Prevent the site from clickjacking attacks www.ideas2it.com Security Headers ● Strict-Transport-Security ○ Lets a website tell browsers that it should only be accessed using HTTPS ● Referrer-Policy ○ Controls how much referrer information (sent via the Referer header) should be included with requests. ● Feature-policy ○ Provides a mechanism to allow and deny the use of browser features. www.ideas2it.com Request : digicontent.com/assets/css/styles.css Request : digicontent.com/assets/js/filter.js Request : malicious.com/assets/js/xss.js Content-Security-Policy: default-src digicontent.com Content Security Policy Browser Asset Sniff asset to determine MIME type Based on content MIME type = HTML MIME Sniffing HSTS enabled Client origin server Request : http://digicontent.com Response : https://digicontent.com HTTP Strict Transport Security Cross Site Scripting - XSS ● Stealing other user’s cookies ● Stealing their private information ● Performing actions on behalf of other users ● Redirecting to other websites ● Showing ads in hidden IFRAMES and pop-ups www.ideas2it.com Cross Site Scripting (XSS) Secure cache control settings ● Max-age ● No-cache ● No-store ● Public ● Private ● Must-Revalidate ● Proxy-Revalidate www.ideas2it.com Request : digicontent.com/styles.css digicontent.com/styles.css Cache-Control : max-age = 3600 3600s Receive styles.css Store styles.css Browser Cache Cache-Control www.ideas2it.com Cookie attributes ● HTTP-ONLY ● SECURE ● Domain ● SameSite (Strict/Lax/None) ● Path www.ideas2it.com Cookie : Same Site Vulnerable TLS SSL vs. TLS ● SSL and TLS are both cryptographic protocols that provide authentication and data encryption between servers, machines, and applications. SSL versions : TLS versions : ● SSL v1.0 ● TLS v1.0 ● SSL v1.1 ● TLS v1.1 ● SSL v1.2 ● TLS v1.2 ● SSL v1.3 ● TLS v1.3 www.ideas2it.com SSL Report Recommended HTTP Methods ● GET and POST Dilemma of using other HTTP Methods ● PUT and DELETE - Verb Tampering ● OPTIONS - Exposing other HTTP Methods supported by the Domain ● TRACE and TRACK - Grants XSS attacks www.ideas2it.com Server Information Disclosure ● Server Name ● Server Version CORS Enablement ● Access-Control-Allow-Origin - restrictive to domains ● Not Advisable to use Cross Domains. Use if really needed. www.ideas2it.com Implement Robot.txt ● User-agent: * ● Disallow: / Implement Subresource Integrity Support ● Generate SRI Hash value for third party API’s. Eg. <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha256-E7ex3sON6TFoMcnh/J8kYuaFlftIYmjdS9fuuxxjPtw=" crossorigin="anonymous"/> www.ideas2it.com Maven DB Credentials - Encryption ● Database Credentials should be kept in Encrypted format in POM XML ● Maven provides the feature to encrypt the credentials, guidelines below https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-encryption.html www.ideas2it.com API Authentication ● Implement Token-Based Authentication such as OAUTH2 API Role Based Authorization ● Implement Role-Based Authorization for each API’s www.ideas2it.com API Authentication and Authorization Flow Client OAuth Filter Authorization Filter Server Client sends the Request along with token Token successfully validated and sends to Authorization filter User successfully Authorized Invalid Token - Fails Invalid user role - Fails Server successfully sends back response to the Client www.ideas2it.com Password policy configuration ● Character Repetition (e.g., AAAAAbl$%) ● Keyboard Patterns both Horizontally/Vertically (e.g., QWERTY, QAZ) ● No Dictionary Words (e.g., Ideas) ● Maintain password history (last 24 passwords) ● Enforce change of password for every 75 days (30 days for Admin) ● Account Lockout www.ideas2it.com Session management ● New and Unique session identifier for each login ● Terminate on logout or browser close Application Inactivity timeout ● Terminate the session after 20 minutes of inactivity ● Refresh Auth token for every 10 minutes www.ideas2it.com Custom Error Page Generate custom error page to avoid exposing the server information www.ideas2it.com Exposing Hidden Directories/Files Should not expose the hidden directories/files from Server (like .htaccess, .git, etc.,) www.ideas2it.com Directory Listing Do not use ‘Indexes’ inside directory attribute to avoid exposing the project structure. www.ideas2it.com Best Practices of a secured Application ● Use Standard Authentication protocol such as OAuth2 ● Do not transport Confidential Information in URL parameters ● Disable password Autocomplete ● Should not be Vulnerable to SQL Injections, use Prepared Statement or Query Parameter ● Error should be handled properly ● Inputs should be properly validated ● File uploads should be limited to extensions (do not support .bat, .exe, .sh, etc.,) ● Enable Audit Logs and rate limits ● Encrypt data at REST (Use Algorithms like RSA-4096, AES) ● Proper permission settings in Server www.ideas2it.com Shoot Us ! .
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