DOCSLIB.ORG

Beetle, Cheilomenes Lunata Fab.(Coleoptera: Coccinelidae) on Aphis Craccivora Koch Was Studied Under Fluctuating Laboratory Condition of 25 - 32°C and 33 - 73° RH

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Beetle, Cheilomenes Lunata Fab.(Coleoptera: Coccinelidae) on Aphis Craccivora Koch Was Studied Under Fluctuating Laboratory Condition of 25 - 32°C and 33 - 73° RH - 18 Life Cycle of the Ladybird Beetle, Ch eilomenes lunata Fab. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), A Potential Biocontrol Agent of the Cowpea Aphid, Aphis Craccivora (Koch) (Homoptera:Aphididae) ODEBIYI, 1. A. and KEMABONTA, K. A. I' Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Niger. J. Entomo!' 23: 18 - 21 (2006) ABSTRACT. The life cycle of the ladybird beetle, Cheilomenes lunata Fab.(Coleoptera: Coccinelidae) on Aphis craccivora Koch was studied under fluctuating laboratory condition of 25 - 32°C and 33 - 73° RH. The average incubation period was 3.2 days with a hatchability of 93.1 %. There were four larval instal's with nd developmental duration averaging 3.0, 2.2, 2.2 and 4.2 days for the 1'\ 2 , 3 rd and 4th larval instars, respectively. The total larval developmental period ranged from 9.7 - 13.5 days and the pupal period lasted for 4.8 days. Mortality at these stages were 37.6 and 7.5% respectively. Pre-oviposition period averaged 3.7 days. The mean number of eggs per female was 1257.4 and the mean oviposition period was 47.0 days. The longevity of mated males and females averaged 87.9 and 72.1 days, respectively, while those of unmated males and females averaged 80.8 and 61.5 days, respectively. The male to female ratio was 1: 1. Information were given on the moulting process and copulation of the ladybird beetle. INTRODUCTION Aphis craccivora (Koch) (Homoptera: the efficacy and efficiency of the ladybirds as a Aphididae) is a minor pest of cowpea [f'igna predator evaluated, factors limiting abundance of unguiculatai (L.) Walp.] in Africa. It is however an the ladybird beetle understood, and a cheap mass- important vector of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic rearing technique under controlled conditions virus, which causes resetting, stunting, and mosaic developed. of the plants, (Berks and Corti, 1975; lIT A, 1776, The objective of this study was therefore to 1977). Singh and Allen (1979) reported that under study the life cycle of C. lunata on A. craccivora. unfavourable conditions a generation might take only 3 days. The adults live for 6 to 15 days and MATERIALS AND METHODS may produce more than 100 progenies. In Nigeria, Site of the Experiment the fecundity and developmental rate of A. The experiment was carried out in the craccivora varied widely with changes III laboratory of the Department of Crop Protection temperature (Ansari, 1978). Under suitable climatic and Environmental Biology, University of lbadan, conditions, the development of one generation under fluctuating laboratory conditions of 25 - takes 6 to 8 days and has a fecundity of about 100 32°C and 33 - 73% RH. progenies. With each generation, the degree of infestation of affected plant increases five to eight Culture of Prey (A. craccivora) and Predator fold. This may cause stunting of plants and poor (C. lu nata) nodulation of the roots which affect the yield; in A culture of A. craccivora was established on extreme cases, the plant dies (Heinze, 1977; Singh non-infested cowpea (Ife brown) planted in 5cm and Van Enden, 1979). diameter plastic pots containing field soil in order Methods used to control vl craccivora include to ensure a continuous and sufficient supply of all chemical, cultural, resistant varieties and biological developmental stages. There were two plants per contro!' It has been observed that the coccinelid pot which were watered regularly and maintained beetle, Cheil omenes lunata Fab., indigenous to weed-free. The plants were infested with adult A. Nigeria and many countries in tropical Africa, can craccivora at the podding stage using camel's hair be used effectively as a bio-control agent. brush moistened in water. To use this lady beetle in hie-control, the life C. lunata (males and females) were collected cycle of the ladybird beetle on cowpea aphid must from cowpea field at the Agricultural Biology farm be studied, and released on A craccivora infested potted plants in rectangular wooden cages (59 x 44 x 45cl11) with * Corresponding Author. nylon mesh on the sides. Three cages each 'Present address: Nigerian Stored Products Research containing three potted plants infested with A. Institute, P.M.B. 21543, Lagos, Nigeria. craccivora and C lunata were maintained. e-mail: [email protected] - ODEBIYI: THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE LADYBIRD BEETLE 19 Rearing Unit Larval Stage Plastic Petri dishes, 8.5cm in diameter, were The number of observed moults (three) used as rearing units. The lids of the dishes were indicatd that C. lunata passed through four larval bored with a hot iron pipe three-centimeter in instars (Table 2). From measurement of head diameter. The holes so made on the lids were capsule width a mean growth ratio of 1.3 was covered with fine nylon mesh glued with Evostic® calculated. st to allow for adequate ventilation. A moistened 1 Instar filter paper, 8.5cm in diameter, was placed at the Newly emerged l " instar larvae were tiny and bottom of each Petri dish and a leaf or two broad translucent. They did not move for about 24 hr. leaves of cowpea were placed on the filter paper to until the colour deepened. The larvae were provide food for the aphids. conspicuously co loured with patches of pale yellow on the black background. The antennae and Life Cycle of C. lunata labial palps were not very visible. The maxillae and Egg stage mandibles though relatively small, were Eggs removed from the rearing units after conspicuous. Setae were observed on all parts of oviposition by female C. lunata were transferred to the body but more on the dorso-lateral aspects. The st. I a new rearing unit containing only moistened filter 1 mstar arva measured 2.5 mrn in length and had paper. The incubation period of 250 newly laid 2.0m head capsule width of 0.44mm, duration 111 eggs was determined. the instar 2.9 days and mortality was 15.1 %. Larval and pupal stages Moulting Process Following larval ecIosion from egg, Moulting in the 1st, and subsequent instars, development was followed to the adult stage by was preceded by a short period of inactivity during daily observation. The number of larval instars was which the larva glued itself by the anal extremety determined by direct counting of larval moults. to the inner surface of the rearing unit or on a leaf. The widths of the head capsules were measured It remained still in this position with the skin using a micrometer eyepiece mounted on a tightly stretched and the whole body appeared to be binocular microscope at varying magnification. overstuffed under the skin. The skin then split The larvae were fed with A. craccivora. across the dorsal surface from the head down to the third thoracic segment. The head got pulled out Adult Stage from the head capsule and the new larva got out of Ten newly emerged females and 10 newly the exuvia. The whole moulting process took few emerged males were kept separately in a rearing minutes. The larva moved briefly after moulting unit and fed with A craccivora ad lihitum to obtain and then rested. rd the longevity of unmated adults. Newly emerged 211d, 3 and 4th instal's males and females (10 each) were paired to obtain The newly hatched larvae were translucent but the fecundity, oviposition period, post-oviposition the colour got deepened to black background with period and the longevity of mated adults. some white spots. The antennae and labial palps became more conspicuous as the larva got older. In th. I Test of Parthenogenesis in C. lunata tIre «4 mstar, t tree antennal segments were evident To know if parthenogenesis takes place in C. and mandibles and maxillae were very well lunata, 20 virgin females were confined singly and developed. All the larval instars emitted brownish fed ad libitum with all the life stages of A. drops when slightly pressed. Table 1 shows the size craccivora in the rearing units. Observations on and the duration of each larval instar. Mortality in ')nd ~ rd d 4th . oviposition were made over a period of 30 days. the ~ ,.J an mstars were 7.5, 9.5 and 5.5%, respectively. RESULTS Egg Stage Pupal Stage Two days before entering into the pupal stage, When laid, the eggs of C. lunata were 1.5± the 4th instar larvae became less active, and less 0.0 I rnrn long (n=20), brightly co loured but 24 hr sensitive to disturbance. They became shortened in before hatching, they became translucent, making length an attached to the Petri dish at the caudal black young larvae, visible through the chorion. extrern ity. Incubation period averaged 3.2 days. At eclosion, the chorion cracked at the side and tiny ant-like The pupa was of bright golden colour that later larva wriggled out head first, leaving a transparent became light orange with crescent shaped black chorion. Interval between the 1st and the last larval marking that jointed end to end. Nine segments eclosure from eggs in a batch was never more than were visible, the remaining being covered up by 3 hr. Percentage viability of the eggs averaged the last larval exuviae. The pupa, when disturbed, 98. I %. (Table I). had a curious habit of lifting the body into a - NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY VOL. 23, 2006 20 Table l. Developed durntion, body length and mortality of Eggs were deposited near aphid colonies. This life cycle stages of C lunutu reared on A cracciovoru may be an important factor for the survival of the Stage Length Developmental eXt) ( + SO (mm) duration (days) Mortality newly hatched larvae which do not have to search Egg 15±001 3.2±0.36 1.9 for food.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Evolutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles
    Brigham Young University Masthead Logo BYU ScholarsArchive All Theses and Dissertations 2018-04-01 The volutE ionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Momcilovich, Ashlee Nichole, "The vE olutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles" (2018). All Theses and Dissertations. 7327. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7327 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Evolutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich A dissertation submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Mark C. Belk, Chair Seth M. Bybee Jerald B. Johnson Steven L. Peck G. Bruce Schaalje Department of Biology Brigham Young University Copyright © 2018 Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT The Evolutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich Department of Biology, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Body size is one of the most commonly studied traits of an organism, which is largely due to its direct correlation with fitness, life history strategy, and physiology of the organism. Patterns of body size distribution are also often studied. The distribution of body size within species is looked at for suggestions of differential mating strategies or niche variation among ontogenetic development. Patterns are also examined among species to determine the effects of competition, environmental factors, and phylogenetic inertia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Multicoloured Asian Ladybird Beetle, Harmonia Axyridis
    Research in Action South African Journal of Science 103, March/April 2007 123 adults and larvae of an unfamiliar lady- Discovery of an alien invasive, bird beetle species were collected from wheat. These beetles attracted attention predatory insect in South Africa: the as both larvae and adults were numerous and were clearly efficient predators of all multicoloured Asian ladybird beetle, the aphid species on wheat at the time. The beetles were positively identified as Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) HA at the South African National Collec- (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) tion of Insects (SANC), Pretoria. Voucher specimens have been deposited in the SANC, the Transvaal Museum (TMSA), Riaan Stalsa* and Goddy Prinsloob Pretoria, and the Iziko South African Museum (SAMC), Cape Town. This species was previously observed, HE ASIAN LADYBIRD BEETLE, HARMONIA because it preys voraciously on diverse but not collected, at Tygerhoek in Sep- axyridis (HA) (Insecta: Coleoptera: pestiferous aphids and other soft-bodied tember/October 2004, when fairly large TCoccinellidae), is a generalist predator long arthropod pests on various cultivated numbers of aphids were present on valued as a biocontrol agent of pestiferous crops.6–9 Recently, it began ‘changing’ its aphids and other invertebrates. However, HA wheat. They were not detected during has become highly invasive in North America spots to emerge as a potentially invasive 2005, when aphid infestations were very 6,7,9,10 and Europe. The beetle is eurytopic, broadly and harmful organism. low. In October 2006, adults, larvae and polyphagous, very dispersive and pheno- The main aim of this paper is to record eggs (field-collected and positively associ- typically highly plastic.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Are the Subfamilies Monophyletic?
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54 (2010) 833–848 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny of ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Are the subfamilies monophyletic? A. Magro a,b,1, E. Lecompte b,c,*,1, F. Magné b,c, J.-L. Hemptinne a,b, B. Crouau-Roy b,c a Université de Toulouse, ENFA, EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), 2 route de Narbonne, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France b CNRS, EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), F-31062 Toulouse, France c Université de Toulouse, UPS, EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France article info abstract Article history: The Coccinellidae (ladybirds) is a highly speciose family of the Coleoptera. Ladybirds are well known Received 20 April 2009 because of their use as biocontrol agents, and are the subject of many ecological studies. However, little Revised 15 October 2009 is known about phylogenetic relationships of the Coccinellidae, and a precise evolutionary framework is Accepted 16 October 2009 needed for the family. This paper provides the first phylogenetic reconstruction of the relationships Available online 10 November 2009 within the Coccinellidae based on analysis of five genes: the 18S and 28S rRNA nuclear genes and the mitochondrial 12S, 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) genes. The phylogenetic relation- Keywords: ships of 67 terminal taxa, representative of all the subfamilies of the Coccinellidae (61 species, 37 genera), Phylogeny and relevant outgroups, were reconstructed using multiple approaches, including Bayesian inference Coccinellidae Partitioned analyses with partitioning strategies. The recovered phylogenies are congruent and show that the Coccinellinae Evolution is monophyletic but the Coccidulinae, Epilachninae, Scymninae and Chilocorinae are paraphyletic.
    [Show full text]
  • Exotic Species and People in the Galápagos Islands: a Community Ecology Approach and a Social Perception Analysis of an Invasive Plant
    EXOTIC SPECIES AND PEOPLE IN THE GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS: A COMMUNITY ECOLOGY APPROACH AND A SOCIAL PERCEPTION ANALYSIS OF AN INVASIVE PLANT FRANCISCO LIBERATO VILLAZÓN OROZCO Trabajo de Grado para optar por el título de Ecólogo Ángela R. Amarillo Suárez, PhD Directora del Trabajo de Grado PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS AMBIENTALES Y RURALES CARRERA DE ECOLOGÌA BOGOTÁ, D.C. 2019 Agradecimientos A mi padre, a mi madre y a mis hermanos, por el apoyo y el amor incondicional a lo largo de toda mi vida y para Daniela, por tu amor, apoyo y ayuda en todo este proceso. A mi profesora y mentora Ángela Amarillo, quien me ha guiado en mi carrera como ecólogo desde el inicio. Es una persona a la cual yo admiro profundamente, que respeta y ama la naturaleza. Me ha enseñado tantas cosas que no tengo palabras para agradecerle realmente, ha sido como una madre para mí y me siento muy orgulloso y afortunado de ser uno de sus estudiantes. A Mariana, una gran amiga a quien quiero mucho, con quien compartí toda la experiencia de campo en Galápagos y que por más que quisiera pelear conmigo algunos días nunca lo logró. Me ayudó leyendo y haciendo comentarios del presente trabajo además del apoyo que me ha dado desde que me uní al semillero de GEEA-Entomoceno en el 2016. A Sergio, Sebastián, Juan Camilo, Jerónimos, Juan Manuel, Juan Sebastián y a Roberto por ser mis grandes amigos de la vida y ayudarme a escapar de momentos de estrés y desesperación. Agradezco a Andrea Rodríguez por su apoyo en la identificación de parasitoides y sus valiosas enseñanzas durante todo el proceso.
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts of Weed Management on Ladybird
    Impacts of weed management on ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) abundance and diversity on resident vegetation in a citrus orchard Marie Rothé, Nina Pelletier, Anna-Morgane Touneji-Catouaria, Christian Bockstaller, Fabrice Le Bellec, Alain Ratnadass To cite this version: Marie Rothé, Nina Pelletier, Anna-Morgane Touneji-Catouaria, Christian Bockstaller, Fabrice Le Bellec, et al.. Impacts of weed management on ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) abundance and diversity on resident vegetation in a citrus orchard. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2019, 39 (4), pp.325-331. 10.1007/s42690-019-00055-0. hal- 02460146 HAL Id: hal-02460146 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02460146 Submitted on 29 Jan 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Impacts of weed management on ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) abundance and diversity on resident vegetation in a citrus orchard Marie Rothé, Nina Pelletier, Anna- Morgane Touneji-Catouaria, Christian Bockstaller, Fabrice Le Bellec & Alain Ratnadass International Journal of Tropical Insect Science e-ISSN 1742-7592 Int J Trop Insect Sci DOI 10.1007/s42690-019-00055-0 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by African Association of Insect Scientists.
    [Show full text]
  • Olympus AH Eco Assessment
    FAUNAL AND FLORAL ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AS PART OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESS FOR THE PROPOSED ERASMUS PARK PHASE 2 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT, ERASMUSRAND, GAUTENG. Prepared for Nali Sustainability Solutions February 2019 Section C: Faunal Assessment Prepared by: Scientific Terrestrial Services Report author: C. Hooton Report reviewer: K. Marais (Pr. Sci. Nat) Report Reference: STS 180084 Date: February 2019 Scientific Terrestrial Services CC CC Reg No 2005/122329/23 PO Box 751779 Gardenview 2047 Tel: 011 616 7893 Fax: 086 724 3132 E-mail: [email protected] STS 180084 February 2019 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY From the faunal assessment it can be concluded that there are four habitat units encompassed within the study area, namely Senegalia caffra – Vachellia karroo Woodland, Rocky Grassland, Degraded Hyparrhenia Grassland and Freshwater Habitat. These habitat range from moderately-low to moderately high sensitivities Based on the impact assessment, the impacts on faunal habitat, diversity and SCC within the different habitat units varies from low to high significance during the construction and the operational phase of the project prior to mitigation taking place. With effective mitigation implemented, all impacts may be reduced to very-low to medium-low levels. It is the opinion of the ecologists that this study provides the relevant information required in order to implement an Integrated Environmental Management (IEM) plan and to ensure that the best long-term use of the ecological resources in the study area will be made in support of the principle of sustainable development. Scientific Terrestrial Services (STS) was appointed to conduct a faunal and floral ecological assessment for the proposed Erasmus Park development on the remaining extent of the farm Waterkloof 378 JR, Erasmusrand, Gauteng Province (hereafter referred to as the ‘study area’).
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Age on Reproductive Attributes of an Aphidophagous Ladybird, Cheilomenes Sexmaculata
    Insect Science (2006) 13, 301J308 Effect of age in Cheilomenes sexmaculata 301 Effect of age on reproductive attributes of an aphidophagous ladybird, Cheilomenes sexmaculata OMKAR, SATYENDRA K. SINGH and KALPANA SINGH Ladybird Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India Abstract The effect of both male and female age was investigated on certain reproductive attributes, viz. mating incidence, mating duration, fecundity, percent egg viability, ratio of reproductive and non-reproductive periods and reproductive rate, of an aphidophagous ladybird, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius). Females started mating at the age of 8 hours post-emergence (PE) and males at the age of 2 days PE. Mating in the laboratory was a male- dominated phenomenon. The mating duration and reproductive rate of 10-day-old females when mated with males of varying ages increased up to the male age of 60 days, and thereafter decreased, whereas, fecundity, egg viability and ratio of reproductive and non-reproductive periods increased up to the male age of 50 days, and thereafter declined. However, when females of varying ages were mated with 10-day-old males, fecundity and reproductive rate increased up to 40 days of female age, respectively, then decreased. The ratio of reproductive and non-reproductive periods increased with increasing age of females. Mating age for optimal reproductive output was 10J50-day-old males and NE to 40-day-old females. Reproductive cessation in males was recorded after 50 days PE, whereas in females at the age of 40 days PE. Higher mating durations lead to elevated reproductive rates. Delay in the reproductive phase was positively correlated with longevity.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology and Predatory Potential of the Ladybird Beetle, Cheilomenes S Exmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Sugarcane Aphids
    I Bioi. CO/ltrol, 12( I): 47-50, 1998 Research Note Biology and predatory potential of the ladybird beetle, Cheilomenes s exmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on sugarcane aphids S. EASWARAMOORTHY, N. K. KURUP and G. SANTHALAKSHMI Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, Tamil Nadu, India ABSTRACT: The mean duration of development of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) reared on Melanaphis indosacchari David was 11.3 ± 2.4 days. The adults survived for 22.7 + 9.1 days when fed with aphids. The feeding potential of grubs was 220.2 ± 17.4 aphids in the case of M. indosacchari and 179.6 + 40.5 aphids in Melanaphis sacchari Zehnt. The adult beetles preyed a mean of 992.8 ± 256.8 M. indosacchari and 1403.3 ± 99.9 M. sacchari, respectively. The feeding potential of grubs increased with age while that of adults decreased with age. KEY WORDS: Biology, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, predatory potential, sugarcane aphids Nine species of aphids are reported to sexmaculata (Fabricius) is widely occur on sugarcane (Seth and Chona, 1961; distributed and feeds on the nymphs and Bhargavaetal., 197I;Rizvi and Bhargava, adults of the aphids. But no quantitative 1973) among which Melanaphis sacchari data are available on the feeding potential Zehnt. andMelanaphis indosacchariDavid of aphids commonly infesting sugarcane. are more common. They cause damage In the present study the biology was studied directly by desaping and indirectly by acting on M. indosacchari and feeding potential as a vector of the sugarcane mosaic virus was studied on both the species. (Alexander and David, 1986). However, the aphids are only minor pests and seldom Sugarcane plants (variety Co 6304) build up heavy populations, probably due were raised in pots and were infested to the activity of predators.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Reproductive Diapause in the Predatory Ladybird Cheilomenes Sexmaculata (Fabricius, 1781) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) S
    ISSN 0013-8738, Entomological Review, 2021, Vol. 101, No. 1, pp. 1–6. © The Author(s), 2021. This article is an open access publication. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 2021, Vol. 100, No. 1, pp. 5–13. On the Reproductive Diapause in the Predatory Ladybird Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius, 1781) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) S. Ya. Reznika,b,*, A. N. Ovchinnikova,b, A. A. Ovchinnikovab, O. S. Bezman-Moseykob, and N. A. Belyakovaa a All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia b Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received January 14, 2021; revised January 19, 2021; accepted January 19, 2021 Abstract—The ability to enter reproductive diapause was experimentally studied in females of the laboratory population of the predatory ladybird Cheilomenes sexmaculata originated from individuals collected in Nepal in a region of subtropical monsoon climate. The experiment included 12 regimes, i.e. combinations of 2 temperatures (20 and 24°C), 3 photoperiods (day lengths of 10, 12, and 14 h), and 2 diets (the green peach aphid Myzus persicae and eggs of the grain moth Sitotroga cerealella). Females with undeveloped ovaries and well developed fat body were considered as diapausing. The proportion of diapausing females was signifi cantly dependent only on the temperature being 0.8% at 24°С and 7.4% at 20°С. Although found in only a small fraction of the studied population, the ability to enter reproductive diapause (as suggested by literature data) was probably an important prerequisite for Ch.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Hyacinth, Eichhornia Crassipes (Mart.) Important?
    ESSA and ZSSA combined congress 2017 CSIR, PRETORIA 3-7 JULY 2017 2017 COMBINED CONGRESS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL AND ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETIES OF SOUTHERN AFRICA CSIR INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, SOUTH AFRICA ABSTRACTS AND PROGRAMME 2017 COMBINED CONGRESS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL AND ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETIES OF SOUTHERN AFRICA SPONSORS Jewel Beetle sponsor - R50,000 Amethyst Sunbird sponsor - R25,000 Opal Butterfly sponsor - R12,500 Exhibitors The Entomological Society of Southern Africa and the Zoological Society of Southern Africa 2 CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY Canadian Journal of Zoology Published since 1929, this monthly journal reports on primary research in the broad field of zoology. Offering rapid publication, no submission or page charges, broad readership and indexing, liberal author rights, and options for open access. Canadian Journal of Zoology is published by Canadian Science Publishing. www.nrcresearchpress.com/cjz Canadian Journal of Zoology CALL FOR PAPERS Published since 1929, this monthly journal reports on primary research contributed by respected international scientists in the broad field of zoology, including behaviour, biochemistry and physiology, developmental biology, ecology, genetics, morphology and ultrastructure, parasitology and pathology, and systematics and evolution. It also invites experts to submit review articles on topics of current interest. The Canadian Journal of Zoology is proudly affiliated with the Canadian Society of Zoologists. Editor: Dr. Helga Guderley Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada Editor: Dr. R. Mark Brigham University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada To learn more about CJZ, visit: nrcresearchpress.com/cjz For information on how to submit, visit: nrcresearchpress.com/page/cjz/authors Canadian Science Publishing (CSP) publishes the award-winning NRC Research Press suite of journals, many of which have been in publication since 1929 and FACETS, Canada’s first multidisciplinary open access science journal.
    [Show full text]
  • Endemics Versus Newcomers: the Ladybird Beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Fauna of Gran Canaria
    insects Article Endemics Versus Newcomers: The Ladybird Beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Fauna of Gran Canaria Jerzy Romanowski 1,* , Piotr Ceryngier 1 , Jaroslav Vetrovec˘ 2, Marta Piotrowska 3 and Karol Szawaryn 4 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszy´nskiUniversity, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 2 Buzulucká, 1105 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; [email protected] 3 Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences UKSW, ul. Wóycickiego 1/3, PL-01-938 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 4 Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 18 August 2020; Accepted: 14 September 2020; Published: 18 September 2020 Simple Summary: Many plants and animals that live in the Canary Islands belong to the so-called endemic species, i.e., they do not occur outside of this particular region. Several other species have a slightly wider geographical distribution, apart from the Canaries, which also includes some islands of the nearby archipelagos, such as Madeira or the Azores, or the northwestern periphery of Africa. Here, we call such species subendemics. However, the Canary Islands have recently been colonized by a substantial number of immigrants from more or less remote areas. In this paper, based on our field survey and previously published data, we analyzed the fauna of the ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) of Gran Canaria, one of the central islands of the archipelago. Among 42 ladybird beetle species so far recorded on this island, 17 (40%) are endemics and subendemics, and 21 (50%) probably arrived in Gran Canaria relatively recently, i.e., in the 20th and 21st century.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Pest Regulation and Its Compatibility with Other Crop Protection Practices in Smallholder Bean Farming Systems
    biology Review Natural Pest Regulation and Its Compatibility with Other Crop Protection Practices in Smallholder Bean Farming Systems Baltazar J. Ndakidemi 1,* , Ernest R. Mbega 1, Patrick A. Ndakidemi 1, Philip C. Stevenson 2,3 , Steven R. Belmain 2 , Sarah E. J. Arnold 1,2 and Victoria C. Woolley 2 1 Department of Sustainable Agriculture, School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania; [email protected] (E.R.M.); [email protected] (P.A.N.); [email protected] (S.E.J.A.) 2 Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; [email protected] (P.C.S.); [email protected] (S.R.B.); [email protected] (V.C.W.) 3 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Bean production by smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa is frequently constrained by insect pests, two of the most serious being Maruca vitrata and Aphis fabae. For many bean farmers, the options available to control these pests are limited. A few can access synthetic insecticides, but these have negative consequences for their health and the environment. Natural pest Citation: Ndakidemi, B.J.; Mbega, regulation (NPR) offers environmentally benign approaches for smallholders to manage bean pests. E.R.; Ndakidemi, P.A.; Stevenson, For example, here, we focus on biological control whereby beneficial organisms predate or parasitize P.C.; Belmain, S.R.; Arnold, S.E.J.; the pests.
    [Show full text]