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L-G-0000601030-0002334121.Pdf DIVINE ILLUMINATION Challenges in Contemporary Theology Series Editors: Gareth Jones and Lewis Ayres Canterbury Christ Church University College, UK and Durham University, UK Challenges in Contemporary Theology is a series aimed at producing clear orientations in, and research on, areas of “ challenge ” in contemporary theology. These carefully co- ordinated books engage traditional theological concerns with mainstreams in modern thought and culture that challenge those concerns. The “ challenges ” implied are to be understood in two senses: those presented by society to contemporary theology, and those posed by theology to society. Published These Three are One: The Practice of Trinitarian Theology David S. Cunningham After Writing: On the Liturgical Consummation of Philosophy Catherine Pickstock Mystical Theology: The Integrity of Spirituality and Theology Mark A. McIntosh Engaging Scripture : A Model for Theological Interpretation Stephen E. Fowl Torture and Eucharist: Theology, Politics, and the Body of Christ William T. Cavanaugh Sexuality and the Christian Body: Their Way into the Triune God Eugene F. Rogers, Jr On Christian Theology Rowan Williams The Promised End: Eschatology in Theology and Literature Paul S. Fiddes Powers and Submissions: Spirituality, Philosophy, and Gender Sarah Coakley A Theology of Engagement Ian S. Markham Alien Sex: The Body and Desire in Cinema and Theology Gerard Loughlin Scripture and Metaphysics: Aquinas and the Renewal of Trinitarian Theology Matthew Levering Faith and Freedom: An Interfaith Perspective David Burrell Keeping God ’ s Silence Rachel Muers Christ and Culture Graham Ward Theology in the Public Square: Church, Academy and Nation Gavin D ’ Costa Rewritten Theology: Aquinas After His Readers Mark D. Jordan God ’ s Companions: Reimagining Christian Ethics Samuel Wells The Trial of the Witnesses: The Rise and Decline of Postliberal Theology Paul J. DeHart Theology and Families Adrian Thatcher The Shape of Theology David F. Ford The Vietnam War and Theologies of Memory Jonathan Tran In Adam ’ s Fall: A Meditation on the Christian Doctrine of Original Sin Ian A. McFarland Divine Illumination: The History and Future of Augustine ’ s Theory of Knowledge Lydia Schumacher DIVINE ILLUMINATION The History and Future of Augustine’s Theory of Knowledge Lydia Schumacher A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition fi rst published 2011 © John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientifi c, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered Offi ce John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom Editorial Offi ces 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offi ces, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. The right of Lydia Schumacher to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data is available for this book. ISBN 9780470657423 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is published in the following electronic formats: ePDFs 9781444395075; Wiley Online Library 9781444395099; ePub 9781444395082 Set in 10.5/12.5 pt Bembo by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited 1 2011 For my parents, Richard and Pam Realities … must be learned and sought out not from names, but rather through themselves. Plato, Cratylus 439B Realities signifi ed are to be valued more highly than their signs. Augustine, De magistro 9.25 It would be unreasonable and silly to look at words rather than at the power of the meanings. Anyone seeking to understand divine things should never do this, for this is the procedure followed by those who … do not wish to know what a particular phrase means or how to convey its sense through equivalent but more effi cient phrases. Pseudo- Dionysius, De divinis nominibus 708C Contents Acknowledgments ix Editions x Abbreviations xii Introduction 1 Augustine on Divine Illumination 4 Interpretations of Divine Illumination in Augustine’s Thought 7 Interpretations of Divine Illumination in Medieval Thought 14 Re-interpreting the History of Augustine’s Theory of Knowledge 16 1 Augustine 25 Introduction 25 The Doctrine of God 29 Creation in the Image of God 30 The Fall and Redemption 39 Conforming to the Image of God 42 Divine Illumination 58 2 Anselm 66 Introduction 66 The Image of God 74 Conforming to the Image of God 76 Divine Illumination 82 Anselm the Augustinian 83 3 Divine Illumination in Transition 85 Introduction 85 New Schools 85 New Translations 88 viii Divine Illumination New Religious Challenges 100 New Religious Orders 101 New Intellectual Traditions 103 4 Bonaventure 110 Introduction 110 The Doctrine of God 117 Creation in the Image of God 121 The Fall and Redemption 132 Conforming to the Image of God 135 Divine Illumination 141 Bonaventure the Augustinian? 143 5 Aquinas 154 Introduction 154 The Image of God 160 Conforming to the Image of God 165 Divine Illumination 173 Aquinas the Augustinian 178 6 Divine Illumination in Decline 181 Introduction 181 Peter John Olivi 182 Henry of Ghent 186 John Duns Scotus 194 Augustinian and Franciscan Thought 201 Franciscan and Modern Thought 208 7 The Future of Augustine’s Theory of Knowledge 217 Introduction to a Theological Theory of Knowledge 217 Reason in a Theological Theory of Knowledge 223 Faith in a Theological Theory of Knowledge 226 Conclusion 234 Index 240 Acknowledgments I am extremely grateful to those who have commented on aspects or all of this manuscript at different stages in its development, including Nicholas Adams, Lewis Ayres, Olivier Boulnois, David Burrell C.S.C., Mark D. Jordan, Fergus Kerr O.P., John Montag S.J., Isabelle Moulin, Sara Parvis, Oliver O ’ Donovan, Karla Pollmann, Janet Soskice, and the Archbishop Rowan Williams. I would like to say a very special thanks to my parents, the Revd Richard and Pamela Schumacher. Together, my parents have been the greatest source of every conceivable kind of help in the years leading up to the completion of this book, which is a testimony to the immense and unwavering power of their love for God, for one another, and for me. I wish to acknowledge the institutions that helped make it fi nancially feasible for me to undertake this project: the University of Edinburgh New College School of Divinity, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the Medieval Academy of America, and the Catholic Foundation of Scotland. Finally, I would like to thank the editors and publishers who have granted me permission to reproduce material from the following articles here: Chapter 1 : “ The Theo - Logic of St. Augustine ’ s Theory of Knowledge by Divine Illumination ” ( Augustinian Studies ) Chapter 2 : “ The Lost Legacy of Anselm ’ s Argument: Rethinking the Purpose of Proofs for the Existence of God” ( Modern Theology ) Chapter 7 : “ The Logic of Faith: Prolegomena to a Theological Theory of Knowledge ” ( New Blackfriars ) Editions In preparing this work, I used the following editions of the primary texts: Anselm. Sancti Anselmi cantuariensis archiepiscopi Opera omnia, 6 vols. Edited by F.S. Schmitt. Edinburgh: T. Nelson and Sons, 1946 – 61. Augustine. Confessiones . Edited by Lucas Verheijen in Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina vol. 27. Turnhout: Brepols, 1981. Augustine. Contra academicos, De ordine, De beata vita, De magistro, De libero arbitrio. Edited by W.M. Green in Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina vol. 29. Turnhout: Brepols, 1970. Augustine. De civitate Dei. Edited by B. Dombart and A. Kalb in Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina vols 47 – 8. Turnhout: Brepols, 1955. Augustine. De doctrina Christiana. Edited by Joseph Martin in Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina vol. 27. Turnhout: Brepols, 1962. Augustine. De Genesi ad litteram. Edited by P. Agaesse and A. Solignac in Oeuvres de St. Augustin vols 48– 9. Paris: Desclee de Brouwer, 1970. Augustine. De Trinitate. Edited by W.J. Mountain and Fr Glorie in Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina vols 50 – 50A. Turnhout: Brepols, 1968. Augustine. De fi de rerum quae non videntur, De utilitate credendi, Enchiridion in Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina vol. 46. Turnhout: Brepols, 1969. Augustine. Retractationes . Edited by Almut Mutzenbecher in Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina vol. 46. Turnhout: Brepols, 1984. Bonaventure. Doctoris Seraphici S. Bonaventurae opera omnia , 10 vols. Florence: Quaracchi, 1882 – 1902. t. 1, Comm. In I Libr. Sent. (1882). t. 2, Comm. In II Libr. Sent. (1885). t. 3, Comm. In III Libr. Sent. (1887). t. 4, Comm. In IV Libr. Sent. (1889). Bonaventure. Collationes in Hexa ë meron et Bonaventuriana quaedam selecta.
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