DOCSLIB.ORG

Colonial Parkway a Triple Memorial of History Is Here Made Accessible by a Scenic and Historically Rich Parkway

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Colonial Parkway a Triple Memorial of History Is Here Made Accessible by a Scenic and Historically Rich Parkway COLONIAL PAR KWAY IAMSB uko. 't14,4 Jamestown 0 94%cb 44, c°' 1L viRGirrit, Williamsburg Colonial National Historical Park VIRGINIA Colonial Parkway A triple memorial of history is here made accessible by a scenic and historically rich parkway N THE Virginia Peninsula three fa- Williamsburg Information Center. These mous places—Jamestown, Williams- are the best points of departure for seeing 0 burg, and Yorktown—form a triangle the areas. only 14 miles at the base. Here, between The parkway route is outward from James- the James and York Rivers, is compressed a town Island over a sandbar to Glasshouse great deal of American history. The found- Point An isthmus existed there in colonial ing of the first permanent English settlement times. For the colonists, it was the way to in 1607 at Jamestown, Va.; the establish- unoccupied lands awaiting beyond. In the ment there of the first representative form vicinity of the Glasshouse and Virginia's Fes- of government in the New World; the flower- tival Park, Colonial Parkway bends sharply ing of colonial culture and growth of revolu- to cross Powhatan Creek and then courses tionary sentiment at Williamsburg; and the eastward along Back River and the Thor- winning of American independence at York- oughfare, which separate Jamestown Island town are historical milestones. from the mainland. After following the Each place has a thrilling story of its own. James River for 3 miles, the parkway at Yet, they are connected stories, for things College Creek turns inland through the woods that happened at Jamestown led directly to toward Williamsburg. Williamsburg, and events in Williamsburg There the parkway passes under the re- in part led to the story unfolded at York- stored city by means of a tunnel—a device town. Because of their proximity and be- to reduce the number of automobiles on the cause of Colonial Parkway, it is easy to fol- colonial streets. Just beyond the tunnel is the low the sequence of the history-making, from Williamsburg Information Center Headed our colonial beginnings at Jamestown to our for Yorktown, the parkway takes you past Nation's independence at Yorktown. the Cheatham Annex and U.S. Naval Weap- ons Station, whose piers can be seen jutting Colonial Parkway into a blue-watered harbor. This is the York The motorway you drive today, for the River, which here is less a river than an estu- most part, does not trace the paths of old ary of Chesapeake Bay. The parkway follows colonial routes. The present route was the riverbanks for 6 miles—terminating in chosen not only to give access to the many the battlefield on the cliffs above Yorktown historic spots, but also to take advantage of where "port facilities and good harbor" at- the natural beauty of this tidewater country. tracted Cornwallis in 1781. A broad right-of-way of woodlands and Parking turnouts or overlooks have been shoreline assures the preservation of the scene. provided at various points of interest along The parkway starts at the Jamestown Visi- Colonial Parkway so that you may drive to tor Center and ends at the Yorktown Visi- the side and pause in safety. At each point, tor Center—passing near the door of the signs tell of the history and legends of the , \ CI OID -1" N 20 0 / INFORMATION CENTER 21 i Jones 4' , 19,0. 7 imik Pond olkit The Isthmus / 22 .1- 25 J.- vsto ,,,, u6out on i Inc wth a naturol Isthmus, whic, exisLed WILLIAMSBU RG 23 In Colonial TimeS Tle sandy .riP J. 24 Mat made Jornestrwn"n se ,. .isiand" 4,45 4) w‘sh.d ow, in the ,7oo,. 1 C) w4 4k ,5 '. 26 27 ,- 18 ----,-,-- . • '< A TYPICAL 16 Tatters Neck c, 29 INTERPRETIVE MARKER 15 C., Pond V- G I N Lake c'ci A 30 Powe ll Kingsmill , Creek C Pond C% Hatt")) YORKTOWN F ESTIVAL c, . VISITOR CENTER STATE 14 E N N S U PARKtowha tan Creek -. 13 ? A Ci 32 I' 117 12 .-) 4 5 .N,N, • 1 1 4 10 1 2 rik. j 6 60 (ID N.) i 1 1 . VISITOR CENTER 3 JAMESTOWN P. liK -,-P INTERPRETIVERETIVE MARKERS ALONG COLONIAL PARKWAY I. This Is Jamestown Island 11. College Creek 22. Ringfield Plantation FERRY 2. The Isthmus 12. Attempted 23. Nathaniel Bacon 3 3. Glasshouse Point (1570) 24. Bellfield Plantation 4. Neck-of-Land Near "James Citty" 13. Kin (site open daily) 5. Real Estate (1636) 14. Halfway Creek 25. Cheatham Annex COL0NIAL PARKWAY.... 6. Glebe Land 15. Great Neck (1637) 26. Indian Field Creek / 7. Jamestown Island (from the Mainland) 16. Mill Dam 27. Powhatan's Village VIRGINIA 0 8. Archer's Hope 17. The Palisades (1633) 28. York River / 1 2 9. James River 18. Great Oaks 29. Naval Weapons Station SCALE IN MILES 10. The Coming of the Colonists 19. Williamsburg 30. French Trench (an orientation map) 20. Jones Mill Pond 31. Fusilier's Redoubt 21. Minion Advance 32, Yorktown Battlefield / REV. AUGUST 1962 APR .1958 COL-PKY- 17000 s countryside, or explain its natural features. concept of representative government, one of The first point to visit at Jamestown is the Paintings, markers, and recorded messages Another parkway facility is the Ringfield Pic- our proudest institutions, first took root here modern visitor center just across the foot- along the way help you imagine the life in nic Area where free restrooms, drinking water, at Jamestown in 1619, on transplant from the bridge from the parking area. There you will the colony. A road loops the wildwood sec- and picnic tables are provided. Also near mother country. find information to orient you and help make tion of the island, and the 40-minute drive Jamestown is the Festival Park Picnic Area. After the turn of the 18th century, "James your visit more meaningful. Exhibits in this on this loop completes the Jamestown visit. Jamestown, founded May 13, 1607, was the Citty" slowly disappeared as the center of building trace the story of Jamestown-its Glasshouse Point, scene of the Jamestown first permanent English settlement in the life, for the colony moved inland. Even life and times. Many objects, once used by Glassworks of 1608 and its faithfully restored New World. Out of stockaded "James Fort," though there is no longer a living town at the settlers, have been unearthed from the counterpart, lies on the tip of the mainland built close on the shore of the James River, Jamestown, there are many reminders of its Jamestown ruins and are on display. across the isthmus and to the left, as you grew "James Citty." For 92 years (1607-99) first century. Today, the island in its entirety From the center a walking tour extends leave Jamestown Island proper. this was the capital city of Virginia. For 13 is jointly preserved by the National Park over the townsite along the old streets and There are no eating or lodging facilities of those years it constituted the lone English Service and the Association for the Preser- paths to the church, the statehouse sites, and at Jamestown; however, you can lunch at the toehold along the Atlantic seaboard. The vation of Virginia Antiquities. the ruins of early houses, taverns, and shops. Mermaid Tavern in Festival State Park adja- cent to Glasshouse Point. The State park, several craft shops, and many handsome gar- created for the 350th Jamestown anniversary, dens. A visit can best be planned at the also features an off-site reproduction of "James information center adjacent to Colonial Park- Fort"; the reconstructed ships, Susan Constant, way where there is information about special Godspeed, and Discovery; Powhatan's Indian activities and accommodations. Most impor- Lodge; and other exhibits. Festival Park has tant is a fine introductory film, "The Story its own admissions schedule. of a Patriot." Free buses operate between Williamsburg was one of the important the Information Center and the restored area. breeding grounds for ideas that led to Ameri- Of particular interest in Williamsburg, too, can independence. As the successor to James- are Bruton Parish Church and the College town, for 80 influential years (1700-1779) of William and Mary, founded in 1693. this town was the capital of the Virginia Yorktown throughout the 1700's was a port Colony and a leading cultural and political town, busy with colonial exports and im- center. Here George Washington, Patrick ports. In 1781 this town, built over and Henry, George Wythe, Thomas Jefferson, under the York River cliffs, became the final George Mason, and other patriots debated battleground of the American Revolution. the course of America's future. Here Cornwallis and his British Army sur- John D. Rockefeller, Jr., has made possi- rendered to George Washington's allied ble the restoration that exists today. The American and French Armies. Here our purpose of Colonial Williamsburg is to re- Nation's independence was assured. create accurately the environment of the men The events of the siege and the story of and women of 18th-century Williamsburg— the Town of York are set forth in special that "the future might learn from the past." exhibits in the Yorktown Visitor Center at Exhibits include the capitol, Governors' the eastern end of Colonial Parkway. On palace, Raleigh tavern, public gaol, magazine, display are military tents used by Washing- A parkway vista. ton during the campaign; part of a recon- patrol the road for your safety. They wel- structed British frigate with objects recovered come opportunities to help you enjoy your from the river bottom; and dioramas depict- visit. Questions can be answered, too, at the ing scenes in the battle.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tasapen Resource Guide.Docx
    1 AUTISM SOCIETY TIDEWATER VIRGINIA PENINSULA GROUP DIRECTORY OF AUTISM RELATED SERVICES ON THE PENINSULA AND SURROUNDING AREA (updated 6 January 2014) As a reminder, the contacts listed in this directory are not the only contacts in Hampton Roads that can help your family. They are also not guaranteed to be able to help every family that they see. Since each ASD child is different, it is up to each parent to determine the best team of professionals to help their child. Not every contact in this list gave explicit consent to be included and reference to a contact is not an endorsement. This list is not all inclusive. Please contact us to make any corrections or to be added as a resource. Autism Society Tidewater Virginia Peninsula Group http://tidewaterasa.org/Peninsula-Office.php www.meetup.com/tidewater-autism/ https://www.facebook.com/tidewaterasa [email protected] (757) 461-4474 (option 2 for Peninsula Group) -Composed by the Autism Society Virginia Tidewater Peninsula Group for informational purposes- 2 ADULT SERVICES Adult Day Services of South Richmond 6201 Midlothian Turnpike Richmond, VA 23225 (804) 674-1600 Association for Driver Rehabilitation Specialists Supports professionals working in the field of driver education and driver training and transportation equipment modifications for persons with disabilities through education and information dissemination. 866-672-9466 www.driver-ed.org Caring Hands and Supplementary Enrichment Education of Virginia Adult Residential Program 1209 Independence Blvd., Suite 109 Virginia Beach, VA 23445 (757) 354-4436 Chimes Virginia 3951 Pender Drive Ste120 Fairfax, VA 22030 1-888-244-6374 (703) 267-6558 www.chimes.org Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services Database of Day Support Providers for ID/DD Waivers, for Group Homes or Sponsored Residential Placement http://www.dbhds.virginia.gov/LPSS/LPSS.aspx Driver Rehabilitation of Hampton Roads Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Jamestown Timeline
    A Jamestown Timeline Christopher Columbus never reached the shores of the North American Continent, but European explorers learned three things from him: there was someplace to go, there was a way to get there, and most importantly, there was a way to get back. Thus began the European exploration of what they referred to as the “New World”. The following timeline details important events in the establishment of the first permanent English settlement in America – Jamestown, Virginia. Preliminary Events 1570s Spanish Jesuits set up an Indian mission on the York River in Virginia. They were killed by the Indians, and the mission was abandoned. Wahunsonacock (Chief Powhatan) inherited a chiefdom of six tribes on the upper James and middle York Rivers. By 1607, he had conquered about 25 other tribes. 1585-1590 Three separate voyages sent English settlers to Roanoke, Virginia (now North Carolina). On the last voyage, John White could not locate the “lost” settlers. 1602 Captain Bartholomew Gosnold explored New England, naming some areas near and including Martha’s Vineyard. 1603 Queen Elizabeth I died; James VI of Scotland became James I of England. Early Settlement Years 1606, April James I of England granted a charter to the Virginia Company to establish colonies in Virginia. The charter named two branches of the Company, the Virginia Company of London and the Virginia Company of Plymouth. 1606, December 20 Three ships – Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery - left London with 105 men and boys to establish a colony in Virginia between 34 and 41 degrees latitude. 1607, April 26 The three ships sighted the land of Virginia, landed at Cape Henry (present day Virginia Beach) and were attacked by Indians.
    [Show full text]
  • Jamestown Long Range Interpretive Plan (LRIP)
    Jamestown Colonial National Historical Park Long Range Interpretive Plan Update July 2009 Prepared for the National Park Service by Ron Thomson, Compass Table of Contents Part 1: Foundation Introduction 4 Background 6 Park in 2009 12 Purpose & Significance 19 Interpretive Themes 22 Audiences 29 Audience Experiences 32 Issues & Initiatives 35 Part 2: Taking Action Introduction 38 Projects from 2000 Plan 38 Current Area of Focus 40 Enhance Existing Resources 40 Anniversaries/Events 43 Linking Research, Interpretation & Sales 44 Education Programs 45 Technology for Interpretation 46 Evaluation & Professional Standards 47 Staffing & Training 47 Library, Collection & Research Needs 48 Implementation Charts 52 Participants 59 Appendices 1. Other Planning Documents 60 2. Partner Mission Statements 64 3. Second Century Goals 66 4. Interpretation & Education Renaissance Action Plan 69 5. Children in Nature 71 2 Part 1 The Foundation 3 Introduction The Long Range Interpretive Plan A Long Range Interpretive Plan (LRIP) provides a 5+ year vision for a park’s interpretive program. A facilitator skilled in interpretive planning works with park staff, partners, and outside consultants to prepare a plan that is consistent with other current planning documents. Part 1 of the LRIP establishes criteria against which existing and proposed personal services and media can be measured. It identifies themes, audiences, audience experiences, and issues. Part 2 describes the mix of services and facilities that are necessary to achieve management goals and interpretive mission. It includes implementation charts that plot a course of action, assign responsibilities, and offer a schedule of activity. When appropriate, Appendices provide more detailed discussions of specific topics. The completed LRIP forms a critical part of the more inclusive Comprehensive Interpretive Plan (CIP).
    [Show full text]
  • The History of the Jamestown Colony: Seventeenth-Century and Modern Interpretations
    The History of the Jamestown Colony: Seventeenth-Century and Modern Interpretations A Senior Honors Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation with research distinction in History in the undergraduate colleges of the Ohio State University By Sarah McBee The Ohio State University at Mansfield June 2009 Project Advisor: Professor Heather Tanner, Department of History Introduction Reevaluating Jamestown On an unexceptional day in December about four hundred years ago, three small ships embarked from an English dock and began the long and treacherous voyage across the Atlantic. The passengers on board envisioned their goals – wealth and discovery, glory and destiny. The promise of a new life hung tantalizingly ahead of them. When they arrived in their new world in May of the next year, they did not know that they were to begin the journey of a nation that would eventually become the United States of America. This summary sounds almost ridiculously idealistic – dream-driven achievers setting out to start over and build for themselves a better world. To the average American citizen, this story appears to be the classic description of the Pilgrims coming to the new world in 1620 seeking religious freedom. But what would the same average American citizen say to the fact that this deceptively idealistic story actually took place almost fourteen years earlier at Jamestown, Virginia? The unfortunate truth is that most people do not know the story of the Jamestown colony, established in 1607.1 Even when people have heard of Jamestown, often it is with a negative connotation. Common knowledge marginally recognizes Jamestown as the colony that predates the Separatists in New England by more than a dozen years, and as the first permanent English settlement in America.
    [Show full text]
  • Development and Watersheds in Greater Williamsburg
    Development and Watersheds in Greater Williamsburg: A Guide For Citizens and Students Environmental Science and Policy Research Group, The College of William and Mary Maureen Feldbaum Melanie Marzolf Prof. Timmons Roberts Fall, 2002 DEVELOPMENT AND WATER IN WILLIAMSBURG 1 1. Introduction: bay--has seen a long history of shifting land use and pressures on its ecological viability. Aside Contents The ecological and social systems of the Virginia from its old age, however, the lake is similar in Peninsula are changing rapidly: commercial, many respects to the thousands of impoundments 1. Introduction industrial and tourist development is combining that are found on the coastal plain and with extensive housing subdivisions to alter the throughout Virginia. 2. What’s at Stake?: What Happens land where we live, study and work. Decisions made each day in cities, counties, developers’ The surrounding College Creek watershed has to Our Land, Water and Biological offices, and even one’s own home, yard or experienced a long and well-documented history Communities with Development? driveway are shaping the future of the land and of land use since colonial times, so that the the health of the Chesapeake Bay rivers that current status of the watershed and lake as surround the Peninsula. The quality of the water measured by environmental monitoring can be 3. How is the Greater Williamsburg placed in archeological and historical contexts. Area Changing? in the Chesapeake Bay is dependent on the water flowing into it, which is in turn dependent on the Current land use in the College Creek watershed behaviors of the 15 million people who live in includes land developed for the College of 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Powhatan Creek Blueway Brochure
    The Blueway, open 24 hours a day, is located off Jamestown Road. The recommended roundtrip is about Public Access Points Emergencies eight miles from Powhatan Creek Park to the Causeway and back. Only well-prepared and highly skilled paddlers should attempt the additional eight-mile trip Much land along this creek is privately owned; please do Dial 911 for all emergencies. around Jamestown Island. not use private land. Public access points are located at: Cell phones are the best means of communication. Please keep in mind that Powhatan Creek and the Powhatan Creek Park and Blueway The dispatcher can contact the appropriate agency • Powhatan Creek Park and Blueway, a Chesapeake Discovering the Past; James River can change from peaceful and calm to 1831 Jamestown Road for aid. Although cell phones have become a widely harsh and extremely rough in a matter of minutes. used tool, do not rely on them entirely; you may be Bay Gateway, is one of your entry points to enjoy and Williamsburg, VA 23185 learn about the places and stories of the Chesapeake and Protecting the Future Therefore, plan your trip carefully and keep an eye For park information, call 757-259-5360. out of transmission range, cell phone batteries have on the weather! a short life, and some equipment is affected by the its watershed. The 64,000 square mile Bay watershed A visit to the Powhatan Creek Park and Blueway marine environment. For these reasons, VHF FM radios is a complex ecosystem. Home to over 15 million offers an opportunity to connect with the rich history • James City County Marina are an alternative.
    [Show full text]
  • Living with the Indians.Rtf
    Living With the Indians Introduction Archaeologists believe the American Indians were the first people to arrive in North America, perhaps having migrated from Asia more than 16,000 years ago. During this Paleo time period, these Indians rapidly spread throughout America and were the first people to live in Virginia. During the Woodland period, which began around 1200 B.C., Indian culture reached its highest level of complexity. By the late 16th century, Indian people in Coastal Plain Virginia, united under the leadership of Wahunsonacock, had organized themselves into approximately 32 tribes. Wahunsonacock was the paramount or supreme chief, having held the title “Powhatan.” Not a personal name, the Powhatan title was used by English settlers to identify both the leader of the tribes and the people of the paramount chiefdom he ruled. Although the Powhatan people lived in separate towns and tribes, each led by its own chief, their language, social structure, religious beliefs and cultural traditions were shared. By the time the first English settlers set foot in “Tsenacommacah, or “densely inhabited land,” the Powhatan Indians had developed a complex culture with a centralized political system. Living With the Indians is a story of the Powhatan people who lived in early 17th-century Virginia—their social, political, economic structures and everyday life ways. It is the story of individuals, cultural interactions, events and consequences that frequently challenged the survival of the Powhatan people. It is the story of how a unique culture, through strong kinship networks and tradition, has endured and maintained tribal identities in Virginia right up to the present day.
    [Show full text]
  • The Naturalist
    THE NATURALIST The monthly newsletter of the Historic Rivers Chapter Virginia Master Naturalist Program http://historicrivers.org A MONTHLY NEWSLETTERVRIL 2 LUME 3 NO Volume 7 No. 10 November 2013 Chapter Board of Directors Two Exciting Photos from Annual Picnic 2013-2014 2013 More to come in next newsletter Officers Patty Maloney, President Kathi Mestayer, Vice President Ruth Gordon and Jan Lockwood Co-Secretaries Cheryl Jacobson, Treasurer Hart Haynes, Tom Dougherty, Janet Curtis, Joanne Sheffield Members-at-Large Mary Apperson, Chapter Advisor Committee Chairs Mr. Raccoon (or Adrienne Frank, Gary Driscole, Historians Mrs.) eating persim- Shirley Devan, Publicity & Outreach mons. Roger Gosden, Basic Training Frozen spider web Susan Powell, Membership seen on the early Lois Ullman, Volunteer Service Projects morning bird walk. Lucy Manning, Advanced Training Photos by Shirley Devan Kathi Mestayer, Programs Deb Woodward, Newsletter No parts of this newsletter may be reproduced without permission of the Board of Directors of Sherry Brubaker, Host the Historic Rivers Chapter. Contact: [email protected]. Dean Shostak, Field Trip Coordinator Virginia Master Naturalist programs are open to all, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, genetic information, marital, family, or All meetings of the Board of Directors are open to mem- veteran status, or any other basis protected by law. An equal opportunity/affirmative action em- bers. ployer. Page 1 November 2013 Basic Training Program (Cohort VIII) Following an Informational Meeting at the Williamsburg Library in August, the class was launched on September 3 with a wonderful talk by Bill Williams on nomenclature. Cohort VIII is an enthusiastic group of 21 students who have enrolled with a wide range of background interests and ages, as in previous years.
    [Show full text]
  • For Mill Creek and Powhatan Creek
    ImplementationImplementation PlanPlan forfor FecalFecal ColiformColiform TMDLTMDL (Total(Total MaximumMaximum DailyDaily Load)Load) forfor MillMill CreekCreek andand PowhatanPowhatan CreekCreek HAMPTON ROADS PDC PLANNINGPDC DISTRICT COMMISSION June 2011 PEP11-04 HAMPTON ROADS PLANNING DISTRICT COMMISSION DWIGHT L. FARMER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR/SECRETARY CHESAPEAKE POQUOSON AMAR DWARKANATH W. EUGENE HUNT, JR. WILLIAM E. HARRELL * J. RANDALL WHEELER CLIFTON E. HAYES, JR *AN LA P. KRASNOFF PORTSMOUTH ELL A P. WARD KENNETH L. CHANDLER * KENNETH I. WRIGHT FRANKLIN *JE UN FLEMING SOUTHAMPTON COUNTY BARRY CHEATHAM ANITA T. FELTS * MICHAEL W. JOHNSON GLOUCESTER COUNTY * BRENDA G. GARTON SUFFOLK GREGORY WOODARD * SELENA CUFFEE-GLENN LINDA T. JOHSONN HAMPTON MARY BUNTING SURRY COUNTY ROSS A. KEARNEY * TYRONE W. FRANKLIN * MOLLY JOSEPH WARD JOHN M. SEWARD ISLE OF WIGHT COUNTY VIRGINIA BEACH W. DOUGLAS CASKEY HARRY E. DIEZEL * STAN D. CLARK ROBERT M. DYER BARBARA M. HENLEY JAMES CITY COUNTY * LOUIS R. JONES * BRUCE C. GOODSON VACANT ROBERT C. MIDDAUGH JAMES K. SPORE . JOHN E. UHRIN NEWPORT NEWS NEIL A. MORGAN WILLIAMSBURG * MCKINLEY L. PRICE * CLYDE A. HAULMAN SHARON P. SCOTT JACKSON C. TUTTLE NORFOLK YORK COUNTY ANTHONY L. BURFOOT *J AMES O. McREYNOLDS * PAUL D. FRAIM THOMAS G. SHEPPERD, JR. THOMAS R. SMIGIEL MARCUS JONES DR. THERESA W. WHIBLEY *EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBER PROJECT STAFF JOHN M. CARLOCK HRPDC DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR WHITNEY S. KATCHMARK PRINCIPAL WATER RESOURCES ENGINEER JENNY L. TRIBO SENIOR WATER RESOURCES PLANNER JULIA B. HILLEGASS PUBLIC INFORMATION AND COMMUNITY AFFAIRS ADMINISTRATOR FRANCES D. HUGHEY ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT ROBERT C. JACOBS GENERAL SERVICES MANAGER MICHAEL R. LONG ASSISTANT GENERAL SERVICES MANAGER CHRISTOPHER W. VAIGNEUR REPROGRAPHIC COORDINATOR REPORT DOCUMENTATION TITLE: REPORT DATE Implementation Plan for the April 2011 Fecal Coliform TMDL for Mill Creek and Powhatan Creek.
    [Show full text]
  • Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel: I-64 Under James River (#10)
    Tunnels Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel: I-64 under James River (#10) Hampton Roads District Age of Original Structures: 60 Years Age of Parallel Structures: 44 Years Approach Bridge Conditions: 3 are Fair and one is Poor Tunnel Condition: Fair ADT = 43,000 Detour: 47 Miles Replacement Required for Approach Bridges Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel – General Information The Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel (HRBT) facility is a 3.5‐mile‐long combination bridge‐tunnel crossing Hampton Roads carrying Interstate 64 in the southeastern portion of Virginia. The HRBT connects the independent cities of Hampton on the Virginia Peninsula and Norfolk in South Hampton Roads. It is a four‐lane bridge‐tunnel composed of 1.8 miles of trestles, two manmade portal islands, and two tunnels under the Hampton Roads Harbor. The westbound and eastbound roadways each consist of two lanes of traffic. The original HRBT (WB) was opened to bi‐directional traffic in 1957 and connected Route 60 (now I‐64) in Hampton with Route 60 in Norfolk as a toll facility. In 1976, the second HRBT (EB) was opened to eastbound traffic. With construction of the second tunnel, tolls were removed and the original 1957 tunnel now carries Westbound I‐64 traffic from Norfolk to Hampton. Built by the immersed tube method, the tunnel was constructed of 300+/‐ foot long prefabricated tubes that were placed by lay‐barges and joined together in a trench dredged in the bottom of the harbor, and backfilled with earth. The Eastbound Tunnel consists of 21 prefabricated tubes. The Eastbound and Westbound Tunnels are separate structures, each of carries a two‐lane highway.
    [Show full text]
  • 1976 Bicentennial Mckinley South Buttress Expedition
    THE MOUNTAINEER • Cover:Mowich Glacier Art Wolfe The Mountaineer EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Verna Ness, Editor; Herb Belanger, Don Brooks, Garth Ferber. Trudi Ferber, Bill French, Jr., Christa Lewis, Mariann Schmitt, Paul Seeman, Loretta Slater, Roseanne Stukel, Mary Jane Ware. Writing, graphics and photographs should be submitted to the Annual Editor, The Mountaineer, at the address below, before January 15, 1978 for consideration. Photographs should be black and white prints, at least 5 x 7 inches, with caption and photo­ grapher's name on back. Manuscripts should be typed double· spaced, with at least 1 Y:z inch margins, and include writer's name, address and phone number. Graphics should have caption and artist's name on back. Manuscripts cannot be returned. Properly identified photographs and graphics will be returnedabout June. Copyright © 1977, The Mountaineers. Entered as second·class matter April8, 1922, at Post Office, Seattle, Washington, under the act of March 3, 1879. Published monthly, except July, when semi-monthly, by The Mountaineers, 719 Pike Street,Seattle, Washington 98101. Subscription price, monthly bulletin and annual, $6.00 per year. ISBN 0-916890-52-X 2 THE MOUNTAINEERS PURPOSES To explore and study the mountains, forests, and watercourses of the Northwest; To gather into permanentform the history and tra­ ditions of thisregion; To preserve by the encouragement of protective legislation or otherwise the natural beauty of NorthwestAmerica; To make expeditions into these regions in fulfill­ ment of the above purposes; To encourage a spirit of good fellowship among all loversof outdoor life. 0 � . �·' ' :···_I·:_ Red Heather ' J BJ. Packard 3 The Mountaineer At FerryBasin B.
    [Show full text]
  • Great Smoky Mountains NATIONAL PARK Great Smoky Mountains NATIONAL PARK Historic Resource Study Great Smoky Mountains National Park
    NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Service National Park Great Smoky Mountains NATIONAL PARK Great Smoky Mountains NATIONAL PARK Historic Resource Study Resource Historic Park National Mountains Smoky Great Historic Resource Study | Volume 1 April 2016 VOL Historic Resource Study | Volume 1 1 As the nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering sound use of our land and water resources; protecting our fish, wildlife, and biological diversity; preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historic places; and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to ensure that their development is in the best interests of all our people by encouraging stewardship and citizen participation in their care. The department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in island territories under U.S. administration. GRSM 133/134404/A April 2016 GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK HISTORIC RESOURCE STUDY TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 FRONT MATTER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................. v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]