DOCSLIB.ORG

The Big Cats KIRTI BANSAL

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Big Cats KIRTI BANSAL FUN QUIZ the big cats KIRTI BANSAL 1. The Puma concolor is the largest wildcat in North America 3. A rare tiger subspecies that inhabits the Indonesian and has the largest range of any mammal in the western island. Smallest of all the tigers, these tigers rarely grow hemisphere. Secretive and largely solitary by nature, 2.5 meters in length. It is listed as a critically endangered this big cat is properly considered both nocturnal and species on the crepuscular. Some of its names are Puma, panther, cougar, IUCN Red List as painter, catamount, …………..etc. the population a. Mountain lion b. Barbary lion was estimated to c. Cape lion d. Masai lion be 400-500 in the wild. Threatened by deforestation and poaching, these tigers may have evolved to a smaller species due to its isolated island habitat, a process called insular dwarfi sm. a. Asian Lion b. Sumatran Tiger c. African Lion d. Siberian Tiger 4. Neofelis nebulosa is a wild cat occurring from 2. Classifi ed as endangered by the International Union for the Himalayan foothills through mainland Southeast Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, this big cat has Asia into China. It is an almost monkey like climber and suffered a substantial decline in its historic range due has been observed hanging from branches from its rear to rampant hunting in the 20th century. It is the fastest feet upside down. It has the longest upper canine teeth mammal on land, can reach speeds of 60-70 miles an hour. relative to skull size of any living carnivore. Common The pads of most cats’ paws are soft, but the pads of this name of this cat, which is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN mammal are hard, like the rubber on tyres and help them Red List: grip the ground when running fast. a. White tiger b. Sumatran tiger a. Leopard b. Jaguar c. Bengal tiger d. Clouded Leopard c. Cheetah d. All of the above 60 SCIENCE REPORTER July 2017 5. The third largest feline after tiger and lion, it is the only 8. It is a hybrid cross between a male lion and female tiger. It panthera species found in the Americas. This animal has has the parents in the same genus but of different species. the strongest bite of all felids. It is capable of biting down These cats suffer from many birth defects and usually with 2,000 pounds-force (8,900 N), which is twice the die young. They strength of a lion and are usually the second powerful larger than of all mammals after either parent the spotted hyena. The species and are strength of the cat is the largest of all such that an individual known extant can drag a 360 kg felines. (800 lb) bull 8 m (25 ft) a. Liger in its jaws and crush b. Tigon the strongest bones. c. Jagulep a. Munna d. Leopon b. Jaguar c. Malika 9.Uncia uncia is a large cat native to the d. Star male mountain ranges of Central and South Asia. They inhabit alpine and subalpine zones at elevations from 6. The Asiatic lion also known as the Indian lion and 3,000 to 4,500 m (9,800 to 14,800 ft). In the northern Persian lion is a lion subspecies that lives as a single range countries, they also occur at lower elevations. This population in Gujarat. They are slightly smaller than big cat cannot roar because of the absence of larynx. African lions and the most distinguishing characteristic They are known for being extremely secretive and well of the Asiatic lion is the longitudinal fold of skin that runs camoufl aged. along its belly. Name the national park which is the only a. Amur Leopard b. Arabian Leopard habitat of these lions. c. Snow leopard d. Javan Leopard a. Gir Forest National Park b. Wild Ass Sanctuary c. Vansda National Park d. Velavadar National park 10. This is a pigmentation variant of the Bengal tiger, which 7. One of the largest species of tigers in the world, these is reported in the wild from time to time in the Indian states are renowned for their power and strength. These tigers of Assam, West Bengal and Bihar in the Sunderbans region are found in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal; both and especially in the former State of Rewa. The in the wild and in wildlife centres. India is home to the Nandankanan Zoological Park of Odisha holds the largest proportion of these magnifi cent animals, boasting Guinness book more than 1500. world record for a. Amo tiger b. Corbett’s tiger having the largest c. Sumatran Tiger d. Bengal tiger captive population of these tigers. a. Black tiger b. White tiger c. Orange tiger d. Yellow tiger Answers: 1) a 2) c 3) b 4) d 5) b 6) a 7) d 8) a 9) c 10) b Contributed by Kirti Bansal, Science Reporter, CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication And Information Resources 61 SCIENCE REPORTER July 2017.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Parasitosis in Wild Felids of India: an Overview
    Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 August 2015 | 7(10): 7641–7648 Review Parasitosis in wild felids of India: an overview Aman Dev Moudgil 1, Lachhman Das Singla 2 & Pallavi 3 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) 1,2 Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) 3 School of Public Health and Zoonoses, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author), 3 [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract: Being a tropical country, India provides an ideal environment for the development of parasites as well as for vector populations resulting in a high degree of parasitism in animals and humans. But only a few detailed studies and sporadic case reports are available on the prevalence of parasites in captive wild animals, and the knowledge of parasites and parasitic diseases in wild animals is still in its infancy. The family felidae comprises the subfamily felinae and pantherinae, and within those are all large and small cats. Most of the available reports on parasites in felids describe helminthic infections, which caused morbidities and occasional mortalities in the infected animals. The parasites most frequently found include the nematodes Toxocara, Toxascaris, Baylisascaris, Strongyloides, Gnathostoma, Dirofilaria and Galonchus, the trematode Paragonimus and the cestodes Echinococcus and Taenia. Almost all the studies identified the parasitic stages by classical parasitological techniques and only a few new studies confirmed the species using molecular techniques. Amongst the protozoan parasitic infections reported in felids: babesiosis, trypanosomiasis and coccidiosis are most commonly found.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconstruction of Phylogenetic History to Resolve the Subspecies Anomaly of Pantherine Cats
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/082891; this version posted October 24, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Title: Reconstruction of phylogenetic history to resolve the subspecies anomaly of Pantherine cats Authors: Ranajit Das1, Priyanka Upadhyai2 1Manipal Centre for Natural Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India 2Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India Email address: [email protected] Running title: Mitogenome phylogeny of Pantherine cats Abstract All charismatic big cats including tiger (Panthera tigris), lion (Panthera leo), leopard (Panthera pardus), snow leopard (Panthera uncial), and jaguar (Panthera onca) are grouped into the subfamily Pantherinae. Several mitogenomic approaches have been employed to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of the Pantherine cats but the phylogeny has remained largely unresolved till date. One of the major reasons for the difficulty in resolving the phylogenetic tree of Pantherine cats is the small sample size. While previous studies included only 5-10 samples, we have used 43 publically available taxa to reconstruct Pantherine phylogenetic history. Complete mtDNA sequences were used from all individuals excluding the control region (15,489bp). A Bayesian MCMC approach was employed to investigate the divergence times among different Pantherine clades. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny generated a dendrogram: Neofelis nebulosa (Panthera tigris (Panthera onca (Panthera uncia (Panthera leo, Panthera pardus)))), grouping lions with leopards and placing snow leopards as an outgroup to this clade.
    [Show full text]
  • Can Community Forestry Conserve Tigers in India?
    Can Community Forestry Conserve Tigers in India? Shibi Chandy David L. Euler Abstract—Active participation of local people through community (Ontario Ministry for Natural Resources 1994). In most forestry has been successful in several developed countries. In the developing countries, like India, the socio-economic prob- early 1980’s, developing countries tried to adopt this approach for lems will have to be addressed first to achieve the objectives the conservation and management of forests. Nepal, for example, of conservation (Kuchli 1997). has gained considerable support from local people by involving them Royal Bengal Tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) (fig. 1) are in conservation policies and actions. This paper illustrates that endangered and almost on the verge of extinction. Conser- people living near the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve/National Park in vation of these animals in Asia poses serious problems, as India should not be considered mere gatherers of forest products. their population has been reduced significantly due to They can also be active managers and use forest resources hunting, poaching, and habitat shrinkage. Reserves and sustainably, which will help in the conservation of tigers. parks have been established to protect the animals and separate people from the forests. This, however, has caused Conservation of tigers in Asia, especially in India, is a major concern. The Sundarbans offers a unique habitat for tigers, but the conservation strategies followed for the past 20 years have not yielded much result. One of the major reasons is that local people and their needs were ignored. Lack of concern for the poverty/forest interface, which takes a heavy toll on human lives, is another reason for failure.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Tigers 2020 8Th Jan to 19Th Jan 22Nd Jan to 2Nd Feb
    INDIAN TIGERS 2020 8TH JAN TO 19TH JAN SOLD OUT 22ND JAN TO 2ND FEB £2995.00 PER PERSON JOIN NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE PHOTOGRAPHER ANDY PARKINSON FOR AN 11 NIGHT PHOTOGRAPHIC ADVENTURE TO INDIA’S SPECTACULAR BANDHAVGARH NATIONAL PARK. PRICE INCLUDES TRAVEL ACCOMMODATION All transfers to and In order to maximise our Our base will be a clean, from the airport, all time in Bandhavgarh comfortable and tranquil accommodation, on arrival in Delhi on lodge on the outskirts food, park entry fees, the morning of the 9th of the village of Tala, a guiding fees and local January we shall then small settlement on the transportation. catch a connecting 2 fringes of Bandhavgarh hour flight to Jabalpur. National Park. PRICE EXCLUDES Here we shall be met by our hosts who will DEPOSIT All flights, personal then transfer us to our travel insurance, tips and Confirmation of your secluded lodge, hopefully alcoholic drinks or items place can only be arriving at approximately of a personal nature. guaranteed on receipt 7.30pm. We shall then of a non-refundable have some food before £495.00 per person getting a good night’s deposit. The balance is sleep for an early start then due no later than 8 next morning. weeks prior to departure. THE BENGAL TIGER, THOUGH THE MOST NUMEROUS OF THE 6 REMAINING TIGER SUBSPECIES, IS STILL ENDANGERED WITH JUST 2500-3000 INDIVIDUAL ANIMALS LEFT IN THE WILD. INDIA REMAINS THEIR STRONGHOLD WITH THE VAST MAJORITY OF THIS DIMINISHING NUMBER BUT LIMITED POPULATIONS ALSO EXIST IN BHUTAN, BANGLADESH, MYANMAR, NEPAL AND CHINA.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography on Tiger (Panthera Tigris L.)
    Bibliography on Tiger (Panthera tigris L.) Global Tiger Forum Publication 2014 Copyright © Secretariat of Global Tiger Forum, 2014 Suggested Citation: Gopal R., Majumder A. and Yadav S.P. (Eds) (2014). Bibliography on Tiger (Panther tigris L.). Compiled and published by Global Tiger Forum, p 95. Cover Pic Vinit Arora Inside pictures taken by Vinit Arora, Samir K. Sinha, Aniruddha Majumder and S.P.Yadav CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Introduction to Bibliography on tiger 1 Literature collection and compilation process for bibliography on tiger 2-4 1) Ecology, Natural History and Taxonomy 5-23 2) Aspects of Conflicts 24-35 3) Monitoring (tiger, co-predator, prey and habitat) and Status 36-62 evaluation 4) Genetics, morphology, health and disease monitoring 63-75 5) Protection, Conservation, Policies and Bio-politics 76-95 Acknowledgements The “Bibliography on Tiger (Panthera tigris L.)” is an outcome of the literature database on tiger, brought out by the Global Tiger Forum (GTF). The GTF is thankful to all officials, scientists, conservationists from 13 Tiger Range Countries for their support. Special thanks are due to Dr Adam Barlow, Mr. Qamar Qureshi, Dr. Y.V. Jhala, Dr K. Sankar, Dr. S.P. Goyal, Dr John Seidensticker, Dr. Ullas Karanth, Dr. A.J.T Johnsingh, Dr. Sandeep Sharma, Ms. Grace Gabriel, Dr. Sonam Wangchuk, Mr Peter Puschel, Mr. Hazril Rafhan Abdul Halim, Mr Randeep Singh and Dr. Prajna Paramita Panda for sharing some important references on tiger. Mr P.K. Sen, Dr Jagdish Kiswan, Mr Vivek Menon, Mr Ravi Singh and Dr Sejal Vora and Mr Keshav Varma are duly acknowledged for their comments and suggestions.
    [Show full text]
  • North African Lion Fact Sheet
    North African Lion Fact Sheet Common Name: North African Lion, Barbary Lion Scientific Name: Panthera leo leo Wild Status: Extinct Habitat: Forests, hills, mountains, plains Country: Egypt, Algeria, Morocco, Libya Shelter: Forests Life Span: Unknown Size: 10ft long Details Present in Roman history and Biblical tales, the Barbary Lion had a reputation as an enormous and vicious creature with a giant mane. Much of their personality and history are, however, exaggerated. This overblown persona made them targets for human hunters, looking to keep their ever expanding territories safe, leading to the extinction of the Barbary Lions. In the wild, they were social mammals who lived in prides, much like the lions of today. They resided in mountainous and hilly areas and often took shelter in forests. Being carnivorous predators, they relied on instinct and teamwork to take down prey such as gazelles. Their fate has often been tied to that of humans who had the ability to catch and control them. The decline of Barbary Lions remains to this day a curious topic for researchers, with efforts being made to locate the purest specimens. Cool Facts • Lions were used as tax payments or lavish gifts. This caused royal families of Morocco to house many Barbary Lions, which eventually made their way to zoos across the world. • These lions are believed to have gone extinct in the 20th century. This would make them one of the most recent extinctions • They are said to have fought gladiators in the Roman empire. The lions present in the Bible are also believed to be Barbary Lions • Many zoos have claimed to have "the last Barbary Lion", however DNA testing has shown these lions are often mixed with other species • Not limited to deserts and savannas, they were often found in forests near mountains • The last Barbary Lion is thought to have been shot in 1942, although some may have survived until the 1960s Taxonomic Breakdown Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Panthera Species: P.
    [Show full text]
  • Cougar 1 Cougar
    Cougar 1 Cougar Cougar[1] Temporal range: Middle Pleistocene to recent Conservation status [2] Least Concern (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Puma Species: Puma concolor Binomial name Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) Cougar 2 Cougar range The cougar (Puma concolor), also known as puma, mountain lion, mountain cat, catamount or panther, depending on the region, is a mammal of the family Felidae, native to the Americas. This large, solitary cat has the greatest range of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere,[3] extending from Yukon in Canada to the southern Andes of South America. An adaptable, generalist species, the cougar is found in every major American habitat type. It is the second heaviest cat in the Western Hemisphere, after the jaguar. Although large, the cougar is most closely related to smaller felines and is closer genetically to the domestic cat than to true lions. A capable stalk-and-ambush predator, the cougar pursues a wide variety of prey. Primary food sources include ungulates such as deer, elk, moose, and bighorn sheep, as well as domestic cattle, horses and sheep, particularly in the northern part of its range. It will also hunt species as small as insects and rodents. This cat prefers habitats with dense underbrush and rocky areas for stalking, but it can also live in open areas. The cougar is territorial and persists at low population densities. Individual territory sizes depend on terrain, vegetation, and abundance of prey. While it is a large predator, it is not always the dominant species in its range, as when it competes for prey with other predators such as the jaguar, grey wolf, American Black Bear, and the grizzly bear.
    [Show full text]
  • Canine Distemper Virus in Asiatic Lions of Gujarat State, India
    RESEARCH LETTERS SFTSV RNA at 2.4 × 105 copies/mL in his semen that day. Canine Distemper Virus On day 44, we could no longer detect semen SFTSV RNA, and he was discharged on day 51 after onset (Figure 1). in Asiatic Lions of In this study, SFTSV RNA was detected in semen, and Gujarat State, India SFTSV persisted longer in semen than in serum. It is well known that some viruses, such as Zika virus and Ebola vi- rus, can be sexually transmitted; these viruses have been Devendra T. Mourya, Pragya D. Yadav, detected in semen for a prolonged period after symptom Sreelekshmy Mohandas, R.F. Kadiwar, M.K. Vala, onset (6,7). Thus, we considered the potential risk for sex- Akshay K. Saxena, Anita Shete-Aich, ual transmission of SFTSV. Nivedita Gupta, P. Purushothama, Rima R. Sahay, Compared with that of Zika and Ebola viruses, the clin- Raman R. Gangakhedkar, Shri C.K. Mishra, ical significance of potential sexual transmission of SFTSV Balram Bhargava is unknown. However, this possibility should be taken into Author affiliations: Indian Council of Medical Research, National consideration in sexually active patients with SFTSV. Our Institute of Virology, Pune, India (D.T. Mourya, P.D. Yadav, findings suggest the need for further studies of the genital S. Mohandas, A. Shete-Aich, R.R. Sahay); Sakkarbaug Zoo, fluid of SFTS patients, women as well as men, and counsel- Junagadh, India (R.F. Kadiwar, M.K. Vala); Department of ing regarding sexual behavior for these patients. Principal Chief Conservator of Forest, Gandhinagar (A.K. Saxena, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Husbandry Guidelines for African Lion Panthera Leo Class
    Husbandry Guidelines For (Johns 2006) African Lion Panthera leo Class: Mammalia Felidae Compiler: Annemarie Hillermann Date of Preparation: December 2009 Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond Course Name: Certificate III Captive Animals Course Number: RUV 30204 Lecturer: Graeme Phipps, Jacki Salkeld, Brad Walker DISCLAIMER The information within this document has been compiled by Annemarie Hillermann from general knowledge and referenced sources. This document is strictly for informational purposes only. The information within this document may be amended or changed at any time by the author. The information has been reviewed by professionals within the industry, however, the author will not be held accountable for any misconstrued information within the document. 2 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS Wildlife facilities must adhere to and abide by the policies and procedures of Occupational Health and Safety legislation. A safe and healthy environment must be provided for the animals, visitors and employees at all times within the workplace. All employees must ensure to maintain and be committed to these regulations of OHS within their workplace. All lions are a DANGEROUS/ HIGH RISK and have the potential of fatally injuring a person. Precautions must be followed when working with lions. Consider reducing any potential risks or hazards, including; Exhibit design considerations – e.g. Ergonomics, Chemical, Physical and Mechanical, Behavioural, Psychological, Communications, Radiation, and Biological requirements. EAPA Standards must be followed for exhibit design. Barrier considerations – e.g. Mesh used for roofing area, moats, brick or masonry, Solid/strong metal caging, gates with locking systems, air-locks, double barriers, electric fencing, feeding dispensers/drop slots and ensuring a den area is incorporated.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of a Combined Enrichment Intervention on the Behavioural and Physiological Welfare Of
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.24.265686; this version posted August 25, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Effects of a combined enrichment intervention on the behavioural and physiological welfare of 2 captive Asiatic lions (Panthera leo persica) 3 4 Sitendu Goswami1*, Shiv Kumari Patel1, Riyaz Kadivar2, Praveen Chandra Tyagi1, Pradeep 5 Kumar Malik1, Samrat Mondol1* 6 7 1 Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. 8 2 Sakkarbaug Zoological Garden, Junagadh, Gujarat, India 9 10 11 12 * Corresponding authors: Samrat Mondol, Ph.D., Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology 13 Department, Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001. Email- 14 [email protected] 15 Sitendu Goswami, Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001. 16 Email- [email protected] 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Running head: Impacts of enrichment on Asiatic lions. 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.24.265686; this version posted August 25, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 24 Abstract 25 The endangered Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica) is currently distributed as a single wild 26 population of 670 individuals and ~400 captive animals globally.
    [Show full text]
  • Macmillan Dictionary Buzzword: Zonkey
    TEACHER’S NOTES zonkey www.macmillandictionary.com Overview: Suggestions for using the Macmillan Dictionary BuzzWord article on zonkey and the associated worksheets Total time for worksheet activities: 45 minutes Suggested level: Upper intermediate and above 1. If you intend to use the worksheets in animal they are describing, e.g. ‘I have paws class, go to the BuzzWord article at the and whiskers, what am I?’ (= cat). web address given at the beginning of the 6. All the words for baby animals in Exercise worksheet and print off a copy of the article. 4 have entries in the Macmillan Dictionary. Make a copy of the worksheet and the Ask students to complete the exercise BuzzWord article for each student. You might individually, starting with the words they know find it helpful not to print a copy of the Key for and then looking up any unfamiliar ones as each student but to check the answers as necessary. Check answers as a class. a class. 7. Exercise 5 explores some common 2. If the members of your class all have internet conversational idioms based on animals. access, ask them to open the worksheet Explain to students that using idiomatic before they go to the Buzzword article link. phrases like these can make conversational Make sure they do not scroll down to the Key English sound more natural, but getting until they have completed each exercise. them wrong is a very obvious mistake! Ask 3. Encourage students to read through the students to complete the exercise in pairs. questions in Exercise 1 before they look Explain that if they need to use a dictionary at the BuzzWord article.
    [Show full text]
  • Why the Lion Reintroduction Project ? Manoj Mishra*
    Why the Lion Reintroduction Project ? Manoj Mishra* Isolated populations of endangered species are at severely depleted as a result of an outbreak of much greater risk compared to populations that are canine distemper virus in the early 1990s. It is well-distributed. The risk is even more acute if the believed that 75% of the lions had been infected species in question survives as a single, small and at least 30% of the population was wiped out population confined to a single locality. Currently by the infection. If an epidemic of such proportions Asiatic lions (Panthera leo persica) are up against were to affect the lions of Gir, it would be very precisely such odds. Once widely occurring in India difficult to save them from extinction, given the in the northern semi-arid scrub-grassland habitats much smaller size of Gir and also the relatively from west to east and other arid scrub areas in the smaller lion population. Genetically speaking, earlier peninsula, the Asiatic lion rapidly started losing the rapid decline in Asiatic lions occurred in the late ground to diversion and degradation of its natural 19th and early 20th century in a short time-span habitat by extension of human settlements, as well and even the small remaining population must have as overuse and abuse. The constraining impact of carried substantial proportions of the original shrinkage, fragmentation and degradation of lion genetic attributes. This allowed it to recover, given habitats was compounded by the pressures of good conservation support. If such a crash occurs uncontrolled hunting, predominantly by British now, the genetic viability of the population will take sports hunters as well as Indian maharajas, which a serious hit, imperiling its long-term survival.
    [Show full text]