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On Climate Change organizzazione internazionale italo-latino americana Proceedings from the FAO-IILA OPEN HOUSE on Climate Change CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURE IN LATIN AMERICA Organizzazione internazionale italo-latino americana (IILA) 13-14 February 2018 - Rome,Italy Proceedings from the FAO-IILA OPEN HOUSE on Climate Change CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURE IN LATIN AMERICA Organizzazione internazionale italo-latino americana (IILA) 13-14 February 2018 - Rome, Italy Report compiled by Alberto Del Lungo (FAO) Patrick P. Kalas (FAO) Maria Florencia Paoloni (IILA) Clelia-Maria Puzzo (FAO) Umberto Ciniglio (FAO) Jacopo Lo Jucco (FAO) Gabriele Fattori (IILA) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 2018 Del Lungo, A., Kalas, P.P., Paoloni, M.F., Puzzo, M.C., Ciniglio, U., Lo Jucco, J., Fattori, G., 2018. Proceedings from the FAO-IILA Open House on Climate Change. Challenges in Agriculture in Latin America.13-14 February, 2018. Rome, Italy. FAO. pp. 38. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO, 2018 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode/ legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition. Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www. fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected] Photos: © Martha Vanessa España Alava III Contents Acronyms iv Executive summary v 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Objectives of workshop 2 Participants and welcome 3 3 Summary of day reports 5 3.1 Session 1: Advanced research in agriculture and forestry in Italy 5 3.2 Session 2: Funding proposals for projects on climate change in agriculture in Latin American countries 9 3.3 Session 3: Discussion on synergies and possibilities for cooperation between Latin America and Italian Research Institutions 16 4 Closing remarks 19 ANNEX 1 Final Agenda 21 ANNEX 2 List of participants 23 ANNEX 3 Speeches (in order of delivery) 27 IV Proceedings from the FAO-IILA OPEN HOUSE on Climate Change Acronyms CBD Climate, Biodiversity, Land and Water Department CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CREA Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria CSA / CSF Climate Smart Agriculture / Climate Smart Forestry DIBAF Department of Innovation in Biology, Agri-food and Forest systems ENEA Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GGW Great Green Wall GHG Greenhouse gas GIAHS Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems GSP Global Soil Partnership ICOS Integrated Carbon Observation System IILA Istituto Italo Latino Americano MoU Memorandum of Understanding NIAHS Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems SDG Sustainable Development Goals SIPAM Sistemas Importantes del Patrimonio Agrícola Mundial (Spanish translation of GIAHS) SO Strategic Objective (FAO) SP Strategic Programme (FAO) TWW Treated Wastewater UN United Nations UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNES University of El Salvador UniTuscia University of Tuscia WASAG The Global Framework on Water Scarcity in Agriculture V Executive summary Climate change poses a serious threat to the achievement of global food security and sustainable development. Under this pretext, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Istituto Italo Latino Americano (IILA) joined efforts to co-organize an “Open House” day at the IILA Head Office in Rome on 13-14 February 2018. The event invited Latin American and Italian research institutions to review the state of research on climate change in agriculture and forestry and concurrently consider opportunities to develop research proposals on scientific and technical themes included in the FAO’s mandate and UN SDGs. The “Open House” event was professionally facilitated and structured in an interactive and inclusive way, enabling a dialogue between Latin American and Italian institutions to exchange information and knowledge and find common areas of collaboration, in order to develop project ideas to support FAO in fighting hunger by overcoming the new challenges caused by climate change. Moreover, this event provided an opportunity to explore the approach of FAO’s Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) programme, as well as the experiences and the possibilities it offers in this context. The event consisted of a one-day meeting and a field trip at the campus of the University of Tuscia, in Viterbo, on the second day. The workshop was attended by 51 participants, including representatives from four Italian universities (Roma La Sapienza, Roma Tre, La Tuscia of Viterbo and the University of Florence), six Latin American Institutes (Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Former Canal Zone and El Salvador), Italian governmental sectors and research institutions (CNR, CREA and ENEA) and FAO’s technical departments, including the Forestry Department and the Climate, Biodiversity, Land and Water Department. Opening remarks for the workshop were provided by Ms Maria Florencia Paoloni (Scientific Secretary, IILA), Mr René Castro-Salazar (Assistant Director- General, Climate, Biodiversity, Land and Water Department) and Mr Davide Bradanini (First Secretary, Permanent Representation of the Republic of Italy to FAO). The two-day workshop generated numerous outcomes such as deepening the data and scientific evidence for GIAHS and expanding the global “Fluxnet” network measuring carbon emission (CO2) fluxes for land use in Latin America, concurrently reinforcing collaboration in the water sector, specifically in groundwater management policies. These and many other results are captured in the workshop report, which also includes a workshop video. Collaboration between Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Istituto Italo Latino Americano (IILA) in the framework of the signed Memorandum of Understanding. 1 1. Introduction BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES OF WORKSHOP1 Climate change poses a serious threat to the achievement of global food security and sustainable development. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities, livestock and deforestation are significant drivers of climate change. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is supporting countries to both mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate change through a wide range of research based and practical programmes and projects, as an integral part of the 2030 Agenda and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Academia and research institutions are primary partners of FAO as they generate knowledge and technologies to be shared and contextualized within member countries, with the objective of addressing climate change challenges. In this framework, FAO and the Istituto
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