Training Your Eye Typefaces Used on This Page: Eurostile Bold Condensed + Regular Times New Roman
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Training your eye Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed + Regular Times New Roman "Human Society, the world, man in his entirety is in the alphabet. The alphabet is a source...first comes the house of man and its construction, then the human body, its build and deformities; then justice, music, the church; war, harvest, geometry; the mountain, nomadic life and se- cluded life, astronomy, toil and rest; the horse and the snake; the hammer and the urn which-- turned over and struck-- makes a bell; trees, river, roads; and fi- nally destiny and God. That is what the alphabet signi- fies.” --Victor Hugo, 1802-1885 1 Training your eye Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Times New Roman Hoefler Text Regular Zapfino Regular + glyph X "Human Society, the world, man 12-point type is too large. in his entirety is in the alphabet. The alphabet is a source...first comes the house of man and its Metric Kerning. construction, then the human Line length is too short (not enough body, its build and deformities; words on the line) giving uneven then justice, music, the church; spacing and lots of hyphens. war, harvest, geometry; the Quote marks are ditto marks, not mountain, nomadic life and se- quote marks. cluded life, astronomy, toil and Computer ellipsis is to tightly kerned. rest; the horse and the snake; the hammer and the urn which-- Double hyphen instead of em dash is turned over and struck-- makes OK for an email. a bell; trees, river, roads; and fi- Paragraph space is created by nally destiny and God. hitting 2 returns. 2 letter hyphenations. The last That is what the alphabet signi- paragraph is the worst type of widow. fies.” --Victor Hugo, 1802-1885 Hyphen between dates. Small caps are computer generated. Byline is italic but the comma is roman. Double hyphen. Quote marks incorrect. No ligatures. 2 Training your eye Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed + Regular Times New Roman Hoefler Text Regular Zapfino Regular + glyph Frutiger 95 Ultra Black ITC Avant Garde Gothic X ? 12-point type is too large. 10-point is easier to read because "Human Society, the world, man “HUMAN SOCIETY , the world, man you can see entire phrases, and it in his entirety is in the alphabet. in his entirety is in the alphabet. looks like you know typography. The alphabet is a source...first The alphabet is a source… first comes comes the house of man and its the house of man and its construction, Metric Kerning. Optical Kerning. then the human body, its build and construction, then the human deformities; then justice, music, the Line length is too short (not enough Flush left gives even space between body, its build and deformities; church; war, harvest, geometry; the words on the line) giving uneven the words. then justice, music, the church; mountain, nomadic life and secluded spacing and lots of hyphens. war, harvest, geometry; the life, astronomy, toil and rest; the horse and the snake; the hammer and the Quote marks are ditto marks, not Curly quotes are true quotes. mountain, nomadic life and se- quote marks. urn which—turned over and struck— cluded life, astronomy, toil and makes a bell; trees, river, roads; and Computer ellipsis is to tightly kerned. More air with the ellipsis glyph. rest; the horse and the snake; the finally destiny and God. hammer and the urn which-- “That is what the alphabet signifies.” Double hyphen instead of em dash is The Em dash (used a bit like a big turned over and struck-- makes OK for an email. comma—creates emphasis). 1802–1885 a bell; trees, river, roads; and fi- Paragraph space is created by Space between paragraph nally destiny and God. �Victor Hugo, hitting 2 returns. manually set (in this case 2mm). 2 letter hyphenations. The last Hyphenation eliminated. Always That is what the alphabet signi- paragraph is the worst type of widow. manually hyphenate (or don’t). fies." --Victor Hugo, 1802-1885 Hyphen between dates. En dash should be used for range. Small caps are computer generated. The small caps are true drawn. Byline is italic but the comma is Comma in same font as name. roman. Ornament used instead of dash. Double hyphen. Quotes use at beginning of each Quote marks incorrect. paragraph, but only closed at the end of the quote. No ligatures. Ligatures used. No-break used on line 3. 3 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic CAP HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. The height of the capital letters. 4 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic CAP HEIGHT X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. The x-height of a typeface is the size of the letter x. A lowercase x is the only character which reaches all four corners of the letter space. It is the x-height which makes the font seem large or small when rendered at 10pt. The x-height of fonts varies dramatically from font to font. 5 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic Franklin Gothic Regular, Goudy Oldstyle Regular, Edwardian Script, Hobo, Mrs Eaves Regular & Geneva Regular. CAP HEIGHT X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. boxing boxing boxing boxing boxing boxing The point size of a font is measured from the highest point to the lowest point, not by the x-height. All of these fonts are displayed at 50pt—you can clearly see that x-height is the most important factor in the perceived size of a font. 6 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic CAP HEIGHT X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. BASELINE The invisible line on which the typeface sits. 7 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic CAP HEIGHT ASCENDER X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. BASELINE DESCENDER Ascenders are strokes that rise above the x-height. Descenders are strokes that dip below the baseline. 8 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic CAP HEIGHT ASCENDER STRESS X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. BASELINE DESCENDER THICK AND THIN The angle through the thinnest parts of the curves. The transitions are known as the thick and thin. 9 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic CAP HEIGHT COUNTER ASCENDER STRESS STROKE X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. BASELINE DESCENDER SERIF TERMINAL THICK AND THIN The stoke is the main line in the letter. The serif is the tail of the font. The counter is the hole left by the negative space. A terminal is the end of a stroke without a serif. 10 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic BAR AND CAP HEIGHT COUNTER ASCENDER STRESS STROKE HOOK X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. BASELINE DESCENDER SERIF TERMINAL THICK AND THIN The bar is the horizontal stroke such as in, A, H, and t. A hook is found in f and r. 11 Anatomy of type Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed Footlight MT Regular Frutiger Roman ITC Avant Garde Gothic BAR AND CAP HEIGHT COUNTER ASCENDER STRESS STROKE HOOK X-HEIGHT T h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x jumps over the lazy dog. BASELINE DESCENDER SERIF TERMINAL THICK EAR AND BOWL THIN AND LOOP The g has some special features. 12 Types of faces Typefaces used on this page: Eurostile Bold Condensed + Bold + Regular ITC Avant Garde Gothic oldstyle modern slab serif sans serif Oldstyle fonts are your classic serifs. After the industrial revolution the Once the industrial revolution really William Caslon removed the serif They developed out of a handwritten world began to change. Baroque, took off a new trade was invented— from a font in 1816 because he tradition that involved the use of a Rococo and oldstyle faces were called advertising. This lead to the hated them. Nobody cared. It wasn’t broad tipped pen held at an angle. named “Oldstyle” and a new era creation of many new fonts. until the Bauhaus movement that it This is what produces the thick and of font design commenced. These became popular and was mimicked. The new style often incorporated the thin lines that create the stress. fonts reflected the fashion of the diagonal stress of oldstyle fonts but The strokes in san serifs have almost day and are much more severe in Many of these fonts are fabulous for retained the horizontal—slab—serif no transition from thick to thin appearance.