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® Common Abbreviations AA auto-answer AAL A TM adaptation layer AAN autonomously attached network ABM asynchronous balanced mode AbMAN Aberdeen MAN ABNF augmented BNF AC access control ACAP application configuration access protocol ACK acknowledge ACL access control list ADC analogue-to-digital converter ADPCM adaptive delta pulse code modulation AES audio engineering society AFI authority and format identifier AGENTX agent extensibility protocol AGP accelerated graphics port AM amplitude modulation AMI alternative mark inversion ANSI American National Standard Institute APCM adaptive pulse code modulation API application program interface ARM asynchronous response mode ARP address resolution protocol ASCII American standard code for information exchange ASK amplitude-shift keying AT attention ATM asynchronous transfer mode AUI attachment unit interface BCC blind carbon copy BCD binary coded decimal BGP border gateway protocol BIOS basic input/output system B-ISDN broadband ISDN BMP bitmapped BNC British Naval Connector BaM beginning of message BOOTP bootstrap protocol BPDU bridge protocol data units bps bits per second BVCP Banyan Vines control protocol CAD computer-aided design 403 CAN concentrated area network CASE common applications service elements CATNIP common architecture for the Internet CC carbon copy CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative CD carrier detect CD compact disk CDE common desktop environment CDFS CD file system CD-R CD-recordable CD-ROM compact disk - read-only memory CF control field CGI common gateway interface CGM computer graphics metafile CHAP challenge handshake authentication protocol CHARGEN character generator protocol CIF common interface format CMC common mail call CMOS complementary MOS CN common name COM continuation of message CON-MD5 content-MD5 header field CPCS convergence protocol communications sub layer CPI common part indicator CPSR computer professionals for social responsibility CPU central processing unit CRC cyclic redundancy check CRLF carriage return, line feed CRT cathode ray tube CSDN circuit-switched data network CSMA carrier sense multiple access CSMA/CA CSMA with collision avoidance CSMA/CD CSMA with collision detection CS-MUX circuit-switched multiplexer CSPDN circuit-switched public data network CTS clear to send DA destination address DAA digest access authentication DAC digital-to-analogue converter DAC dual attachment concentrator DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DAS dual attachment station DASS distributed authentication security DAT digital audio tape DAYTIME daytime protocol dB decibel DBF NetBEUI frame 404 Mastering Networks DC direct current DCC digital compact cassette DCD data carrier detect DCE data circuit-terminating equipment DC-MIB dial control MIB OCT discrete cosine transform DO double density DOE dynamic data exchange DENI Department of Education for Northern Ireland DES data encryption standard DHCP dynamic host configuration program DIB device-independent bitmaps DIB directory information base DISC disconnect DISCARD discard protocol DLC data link control DLL dynamic link library OM disconnect mode DMA direct memory access DNS domain name server DNS-SEC domain name system security extensions DOS disk operating system DPCM differential PCM DPSK differential phase-shift keying DQDB distributed queue dual bus DR dynamic range DRAM dynamic RAM DSN delivery status notifications DSP domain specific part DSS digital signature standard DTE data terminal equipment DTR data terminal ready EASE embedded advanced sampling environment EaStMAN Edinburgh/Stirling MAN EBCDIC extended binary coded decimal interchange code EBU European broadcast union ECHO echo protocol ECP extended communications port EEPROM electrically erasable PROM EF empty flag EFF electronic frontier foundation EFM eight-to- fourteen modulation EGP exterior gateway protocol EIA Electrical Industries Association EISA extended international standard interface EMF enhanced metafile ENQ inquiry Abbreviations 405 EOM end of message EOT end of transmission EPP enhanced parallel port EPROM erasable PROM EPS encapsulated postscript ESP IP encapsulating security payload ETB end of transmitted block ETHER-MIB ethernet MIB ETX end of text FAT file allocation table FA TMAN Fife and Tayside MAN FAX facsimile FC frame control FCS frame check sequence FDDI fiber distributed data interface FDDI-MIB FDDI management information base FDM frequency division multiplexing FDX full duplex FEC forward error correction FF full flag FFIF file format for internet fax FIFO first in, first out FINGER finger protocol FM frequency modulation FRMR frame reject FS frame status FSK frequency-shift keying FTP file transfer protocol FTP file transfer protocol FYI for your information GFI group format identifier GGP gateway-gateway protocol GIF graphics interface format GQOS guaranteed quality of service GSSAP generic security service application GUI graphical user interface HAL hardware abstraction layer HD high density HDB3 high-density bipolar code no. 3 HDLC high-level data link control HDTV high-definition television HDX half duplex HEFCE Higher Education Funding Councils of England HEFCW Higher Education Funding Councils of Wales HF high frequency HMUX hybrid multiplexer HPFS high performance file system 406 Mastering Networks HTML hypertext mark-up language HTTP hypertext transfer protocol Hz Hertz 1/0 input/output IA5 international alphabet no. 5 lAB internet advisory board lAP internet access provider IARP inverse ARP IBM International Business Machines ICMP internet control message protocol ICP internet connectivity provider IDEA international data encryption algorithm IDENT identification Protocol IDI initial domain identifier IDP initial domain part IDPR inter-domain policy routing IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IEFF internet engineering task force IFS installable file system IGMP internet group management protocol IGMP internet group multicast protocol IGP interior gateway protocol ILD injector laser diode IMAC isochronous MAC IMAP internet message access protocol lOS input/output supervisor IP internet protocol IP-ARC IP over ARCNET networks IP-ARP A IP over ARPANET IP-A TM IP over ATM IP-CMPRS IP with compressed headers IP-DC IP over DC Networks IP-E IP over ethernet networks IP-EE IP over experimental ethernet networks IP-FDOI IP over FDOI networks IP-FR IP over frame relay IP-HC IP over hyperchannel IP-HIPPI IP over HIPPI IP-IEEE IP over IEEE 802 IP-IPX IP over IPX networks IP-MTU path MTU discovery IP-NETBIOS IP over NETBIOS IPNG IP next generation IPP internet presence provider IP-SLIP IP over serial lines IP-SMDS IP datagrams over SMDS IP-TR-MC IP Multicast over token-ring LANs Abbreviations 407 IPV6-FDDI IPv6 over FDDI IPv6-Jumbo IPv6 Jumbograms IPV6-PPP IPv6 over PPP IP-WB IP over wide band network IPX internet packet exchange IP-X.25 IP over ISDN IPX-IP IPX over IP IRQ interrupt request ISA international standard interface ISDN integrated services digital network IS-IS immediate system to intermediate system ISO International Standards Organization ISP internet service provider ITOT ISO transport service on top of TCP ITU International Telecommunications Union JANET joint academic network JFIF jpeg file interchange format JISC Joint Information Systems Committee JPEG Joint Photographic Expert Group KDC key distribution centre KERBEROS Kerberos network authentication service LAN local area network LAPB link access procedure balanced LAPD link access procedure LCN logical channel number LDAP-URL LDAP URL Format LD-CELP low-delay code excited linear prediction LED light emitting diode LGN logical group number LIP large IPX packets LLC logical link control LRC longitudinal redundancy check LSL link support level LSP link state protocol LSRR loose source and record route LZ Lempel-Ziv LZW LZ-Welsh MAC media access control MAIL-MIS mail monitoring MIS MAN metropolitan area network MAP messaging API MAU multi-station access unit MD message digest MDCT modified discrete cosine transform MDI media dependent interface MHS message handling service MIS-II management information base-II 408 Mastering Networks MIC media interface connector MIME multi-purpose internet mail extension MUD multi-link interface driver MODEM modulation/demodulator MaS metal oxide semiconductor MPEO motion picture experts group MPI multi-precision integer MSL maximum segment lifetime MTP multicast transport protocol NAK negative acknowledge NCP netware control protocols NCSA National Center for Supercomputer Applications NDIS network device interface standard NDS Novell Directory Services NETBEUI NetBIOS extended user interface NETFAX network file format for the exchange of images NHRP next hop resolution protocol NIC network interface card NICNAME whois protocol NIS network information system NLSP netware link-state routing protocol NNTP network news transfer protocol NRZI non-return to zero with inversion NSAP network service access point NSCA National Center for Supercomputing Applications NSM-MIB network services monitoring MIB NSS named service server NTE network terminal equipment NTFS NT file system NTP network time protocol NTSC National Television Standards Committee ODI open data-link interface OH off-hook ONE-PASS one-time password system OSI open systems interconnection OSI-UDP OSI TS on UDP OSPF open shortest path first OUI originators unique identifier PA point of attachment PAL phase alternation line PAP password authentication protocol PC personal computer PCM pulse code
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