C learn aboutcomputingtechnology: signals thatsuggestthepublic should mind shareofsuchanewspaper? ofthe other fieldshaveone-seventh information technology. Howmany Businesssection to Monday’s can newspaper, dedicatesevery we cometohavingaNorthAmeri- many otherfieldshavesuchmagazines? award-winning and nowwehavethecool has popularizedcomputingresearch, for morethan25years articles explaining research; CS&E dedicated tocomputingthatinclude underlying technology. the curioustolearnabout and theWorld Wide Web willinspire most popularandattractive. very different;ourfieldisoneofthe Computer Engineer (AKA: We needaTVshowtitled attracting thebestandbrightest. isdisadvantagedin neering (CS&E) fields, computerscienceandengi- Conference atSnowbird inJuly. talk DavidPatterson gaveattheCRA The followingisaneditedexcerptofa Chair Board CRA B Contrary to September 1996 Y portfolio ofresearch NSF divisionslightlychanges pnos...... 2 ...... Opinions word ofcautionisinorder, however. Nonewfundsareavailableinthe experimental researchinsoftwaresystemsandengineering. A cannot easilybedoneinsmallfragmentsandtoimprovethequalityof teams ofinvestigatorsplanningtoundertake importantinvestigationsthat should beencouragedandsupported. gators canbringcomplementaryexpertise toacomplex researchactivity, approaches,inwhichmultipleinvesti- recommended thatteam-oriented experimental projectsrequiringmorethanaverageresources.Itfurther recommended thatNSFshouldprovidewaystosupporttop-quality investigations towardlesscostlytheoreticalstudies.Thecommittee research thatNSFgrantshaveenabled,ashiftawayfromexperimental over a10-yearperiod.Aconsequencehasbeensubtleshiftinthekindof ofitsspendingpower average awardhadatrophied,losingaboutone-third rapidly increasingnumberofoutstandingyoungerinvestigators,the observed thatasprogramstriedtostretchtheirbudgetssupporta ducted byitsexternal advisorycommitteelastfall.Thereviewteam Computer andInformationScienceEngineeringDirectorate,con- than havebeentypicalinthepast. significant experimental investigations,supportingprojectsoflargersize priorities. Thenewprogramisintendedtoenableresearchersconduct division willnotchangeradically, althoughtherearesomeshiftsin systems infiscal1997.Theportfolioofresearchareassupportedbythe a facelift,makingroomfornewprograminexperimental software Division ofComputerandComputationResearch(CCR)haveundergone The NationalScienceFoundation’s researchsponsorshipprogramsinthe B xadn h ieie...... 3-4 ...... Pipeline the Expanding DavidPatterson R ofrnea nwid.... 5 ...... Snowbird at Conference CRA Our societynowincludesmany The We havetwopopularmagazines Surely thepervasivenessofPCs Myth#1: soito es...... 6-7 ...... News Association wrsadHnr ...... 8 ...... Honors and Awards Y RichardB.Kieburtz The newprogramwilladdressthisneed.Itisintendedtosupport The impetusforchangehascomefromareviewofresearchinthe New York Times OMPUTING Compared toother Wired .) Therealityis magazine.How Byte , theclosest magazine Inside CRN LA Vol. 8/No. 4 8/No. Vol. B.A.s in mechanical engineeringor Moreover, Ihavebeentoldmany civil andindustrialengineering. These arefollowedbymechanical, bioengineering andundeclared. neering andcomputerscience, popular majorsareelectricalengi- graduate level;thethreemost classical engineeringattheunder- Berkeley hasseenashrinkage in several smallrecentcounter-examples. is falling.) Incontrast,Ihavenoticed enrollments. (AKA: Theacademicsky we willnevermatchthemid-1980s our visibilityandpopularity. and engineeringfieldsarejealousof multimillionaire MarcAndreessen. Netscape zine featured24-year-old Feb. 19,1996,coverof in theworld(BillGates),orthat field ofonethewealthiestpeople to literallysavetheplanet. genius whouseshiscomputingskills an ecologicallysensitivecomputer dence Day,” starringJeffGoldblumas the hitmovieof1996is“Indepen- thetic characterswhoareinCS&E: addressesandURLs. include e-mail movie trailersandevennewsshows 9 ...... News Research myth, CS&Edoingwell ahntnUdt ...... 10 ...... Update Washington rfsinlOpruiis...... 11 ...... Opportunities Professional ehooyUdt ...... 12 ...... Update Technology The CollegeofEngineeringat Myth #2: I’m surethatcolleaguesinscience It can’t isthe hurtthatCS&E • We arestartingtoseesympa- • Printadvertisements,cartoons, priorities Continued on Page 9 Page on Continued CS&E isshrinking, CS&E and R Time maga- The News Journal of the Computing Research Association Research Computing the of Journal News The ESEARCH “cure” thecomplex incaseitis butI’dlike to members ofCS&E, be associatedwiththemoresenior word “science”inthetitleisnotone.) science. (AKA: Anyfieldwiththe field byourpeersinengineeringand ment ofthebravenewworld. curriculum canleveragetheexcite- increase inpopularity, providedour majorsto undergraduate CS&E departments. CSEE that bytimewewillhavemany 2000. Thissamplingsuggeststome indicator fortheseniormajorsin would seemtobetheleading trend. Freshman majorsin1996 plausible thatthisisanationwide geographically distributed,soitseems lent publicandprivateschoolsare science astheirmajor. Theseexcel- each schooldeclaredcomputer freshman whodeclaredmajorsat in 1995-96,morethanhalfofthe majors.Starting EE majorsthanCS ogy historicallyhavehadmanymore Massachusetts InstituteofTechnol- the UniversityofMichiganand to dowithMEorCE. programming jobsthathavenothing computer engineeringendupgetting campaign. ing research,mentionedinthe and technology, muchlesscomput- electron microscopetofindscience on sciencepolicywillhavetousean curious aboutthecandidates’stands years later, muchhaschanged.Those Information Infrastructure.Now, four under theguiseofNational tial campaign,sneakingintodebates tangentially thesubjectofapresiden- computing researchwasatleast second. For thefirsttimeever, first concernandverycorrectonthe raised inthecampaign. president andtheissuemightbe Gore wouldrunagainsthimfor in bothhouses.Bushwasconcerned passed byheavybipartisanmajorities the legislation,despiteitsbeing President Bushwasreluctanttosign in theSenate. identified withAlGorewhilehewas even thoughthebillwasclosely shed intheadministration,either, occasion. Evidentlynotearswillbe memorial servicewillmarkthe expire. Noceremony, nowake, no mance ComputingAct willquietly On December9theHigh-Perfor- Staff CRA B renewal isnotexpected HPC Act abouttoexpire; Y FredW. Weingarten This inferioritycomplex tendsto Myth #3: My conclusionisthatIexpect departmentsatBerkeley,EECS Bush wasclosetocorrectonthe So closewasthisidentity, Continued on Page 7 Page on Continued CS&E isseenasalesser CS&E Clinton/Gore campaignwastryingto are, ofcourse).Four yearsagothe is differentfromthelastone(theyall more thanadecade. interest inHPCCactuallygoesback with thesameoldthing, andpolitical public andpoliticiansbecomebored natural trajectoryofsupport.The any specialinitiativeofthissorthasa maturing oftheprogram.Second, the continuedbroadeningand computing research,insteadreflect reflecting decreasingenthusiasmfor that thesechanges,ratherthan optimism fromthelastfewyears. research. Someevenfindreasonsfor inherently badforcomputing for thesechanges,noneofthem against reauthorization. HPCC, theadministrationargued Committee onapossiblerenewalof this yearbytheHouseScience munication.) At hearingsheldearlier Computing, InformationandCom- name toNationalCoordinatorfor headed byJohnToole, ischangingits National CoordinatorforHPCC, without atrace.(TheOfficeofthe acronym, HPCC,isabouttosink N

CRA NONPROFIT ORG. Finally, thispresidentialcampaign First, theadministrationargues There areseveralreasonsoffered One hastosuspectthatthe U.S. POSTAGE 1875 Connecticut Ave. NW PAID Suite 718 WASHINGTON, DC Washington, DC 20009-5728 PERMIT NO. 3778 Continued on Page 9 Page on Continued EWS COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS September 1996

Opinions

Computing Research Association Electronic publishing plan a must their everyday concerns. We are pertaining to a given subject area or Board Officers BY Peter J. operating in a market of researchers interest. David A. Patterson Denning Chair In the May issue who think increasingly that printed This plan accomplishes the University of , Berkeley of CRN (Page 2) journal publication is slow and objectives Ullman, Preparata and Mary Jane Irwin Jeff Ullman redundant compared with Web Savage discuss by moving toward all- Vice Chair wrote that the publication, of developers with many electronic research publication and Pennsylvania State University Internet is demands on their time, of educators dissemination without losing the Nancy G. Leveson changing the and students who want easy access to features of the current system that Secretary role of printed materials and of end-users who produce value for researchers. University of Washington journals because the Web—not the want rapid insights into changing In this context we developed a Michael R. Garey journals—is becoming the medium of technology. ACM is repositioning set of new copyright policies for Treasurer research communication. He its journals to produce new value cyberspace. We designed these , Lucent Technologies suggested that home page hits for these clients. policies to promote and facilitate Board Members (HPHs) become a measure of The electronic publishing plan is dissemination and recognize emerg- Alfred V. Aho research impact, replacing publica- the vehicle that will transport us to ing practices on the Web. The policy tions in prestigious journals (PPJs). this destination. To generate value permits people using ACM materials Frances E. Allen He also suggested that there is no for the researchers, the following to make copies for personal and IBM T.J. Watson Research Center excuse for a publisher to ask for steps will be taken: classroom use without additional Gregory R. Andrews copyright and that publishers who • Printed research journals will permissions from ACM. It gives University of Arizona do so inhibit dissemination of be replaced with dissemination from authors liberal retained rights, a , which we are calling the including rights to post all versions Sandra Johnson Baylor research. ACM digital library. The ACMDL is except the definitive (ACM-pub- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center In the same issue (Page 2), the centerpiece of the ACM strategy. lished) version on their personal Web Anita Borg Franco Preparata and John Savage It will contain documents and their pages. It offers guidelines for linking DEC Network Systems Laboratory urged caution on a headlong rush components, cross references, links, all the versions of a research paper Robert Cartwright toward eliminating printed journals. Rice University citation records, commentary, together. It also encourages unlimited They want to retain the good parts reviews, criticisms and the like. It will browsing and dissemination of Thomas L. Dean (peer review) and make new distinc- Brown University support alert, brokerage and repack- pointers (URLs) to ACM documents. tions that facilitate Web journals aging services. Other scientific societies are Stuart I. Feldman (disclosure versus publication, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center • ACMDL will accommodate a imitating the ACM policy. We are conference versus journal review and Jim Foley method of early disclosure (the pleased others find it so useful. Mitsubishi Electric Research Lab focusing copyright rules on cases preprint practice) and a method for Some authors ask, “What value is where actual monetary value is at Peter Freeman readers to attach comments to generated for me in transferring Georgia Institute of Technology stake). They cited the Association for disclosed documents (community copyright to a publisher?” We have C. William Gear Computing Machinery copyright review). sought to design the ACM copyright NEC Research Institute Inc. policy as a good model for other • The existing editorial and policy so that there is value for Irene Greif publishers to follow. review structures of journals will be authors; ACM works for their Lotus Development Corp. This is a good opportunity to preserved, but they will lead to interests in fast, maximum and John V. Guttag discuss the electronic publishing plan publication in the database rather continuing dissemination and MIT and new copyright policies being than in paper. Thus, a subset of the technology transfer and in protecting Randy Katz developed and implemented by the research documents in ACMDL will them from Internet plagiarism and University of California, Berkeley ACM Publications Board, which I be marked as “published,” as certifi- piracy. At the same time, the policy Edward D. Lazowska chair. The principles of our plan fulfill cation that they have passed a peer does not inhibit authors from their University of Washington most, if not all, of Ullman’s wish and review. standard Internet practices. Jill P. Mesirov preserve most, if not all, of what • ACM will guarantee the Some authors have asked, “Why Boston University Preparata and Savage want to authenticity, integrity and indefinite not make all the research publica- James Morris preserve. preservation of all documents in tions free?” They claim this would Carnegie Mellon University ACM has, over the past 40 years, ACMDL. ACM will protect its maximize dissemination. We are Kenneth Sevcik developed a reputation as a leading authors from copyright infringements. experimenting with electronic University of Toronto publisher of research journals in In short, ACM will extend its journals that have very low operating Lawrence Snyder computing. This has been accom- research publications with ACMDL, costs by relying completely on University of Washington plished with your volunteer help—as providing new services for research volunteer editing and reviewing Mary Lou Soffa editors and reviewers you have dissemination. ACM will offer print services and by accepting and University of Pittsburgh insisted on high scientific standards. and CD-ROM versions of journals as disseminating in very limited formats. John Stankovic Despite this fine reputation, subscrip- long as there is a market for them. To But even these costs are not zero. University of Massachusetts, Amherst tions to ACM journals have been generate new value for the remaining Moreover, given the glut of mediocre Jeffrey Ullman declining by an average of 6% for ACM members (developers, analysts material on the Internet, it is not each of the past five years. (ACM has and technicians), we will: clear to us that making the cost zero Mary K. Vernon fared much better than most scien- • Offer every ACM member low- would maximize readership; more University of Wisconsin, Madison tific publishers—10% or more annual cost access to ACMDL and the readers may be willing to pay a small John Werth loss in other societies is not unusual.) ability to download individual items fee to guarantee the quality of the University of Texas, Austin From surveys and focus groups we for personal use without an addi- material they receive. John R. White learned everyone has a reason for tional fee. ACMDL will notify each A full-service ACMDL—with full Xerox Palo Alto Research Center finding the print journals less member when a new item is added text searching, user profiles, alert Stephen S. Yau valuable. that matches a profile created by the services, brokerage services, editing Arizona State University Researchers are finding less value member. to ensure readability of documents from non-English-speaking authors in them because of the long delay to • Develop more magazines, print Executive Director and technology transfer services—is publication, often 18-24 months— and electronic, that are attuned to William Aspray not going to be significantly less most of which is spent in the review working professionals. These maga- expensive than the current print- and revision process. They see zines will do two things: assist in based publication operation. It will, LETTERS TO THE EDITOR conferences as more responsive and, technology transfer from the research however, be significantly more Joan Bass in many cases, of equal quality. literature; and promulgate case valuable. 1875 Connecticut Ave. NW Many authors do not subscribe to studies and best practices, analyze Suite 718 the journals in which their papers trends and offer tutorials on tech- The ACM Electronic Publishing Plan Washington, DC 20009-5728 appear, a fact that has led to the nologies. and Copyright Policy can be found at Tel: 202-234-2111 famous quip about “write-only • Develop a line of self-study http://www.acm.org/pubs. Fax: 202-667-1066 journals.” reading programs, drawn from Denning is chair of the ACM Publica- E-mail: [email protected] Nonresearchers (who make up ACMDL, that will lead to certificates. tions Board. He is associate dean for Letters may be edited for 80% of the ACM membership) are • Develop brokerage services so computing at the School of Information space and clarity. finding the journals increasingly that individuals can obtain custom- Technology and Engineering at George specialized and difficult to relate to ized packages of items from ACMDL Mason University.

Page 2 September 1996 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS

Expanding the Pipeline CRA-W advancing the status of women in CS&E BY Mary Jane Irwin and tion can be found on the CRA-W Francine Berman Web page at http://www.cra.org/ The CRA Committee on the Status The myriad of problems facing women in CS&E womencom.html. of Women in and CRA-W activities Engineering Research (CRA-W) was education and research is significant. And the • Women in CS&E careers booklet formed in the spring of 1991 under (Dian Ray Lopez, University of the very able direction of the first co- situation is expected to get worse. Minnesota at Morris; Ann Redelfs, chairs Nancy Leveson of the Univer- San Diego Supercomputer Center): sity of Washington in Seattle and Unlike the more established disci- Maria Klawe of the University of upward trend in the ratio of female a continual upward trend from 2% in plines such as physics, chemistry and British Columbia. We assumed the recipients to total B.S. computer 1978. biology, the newness of CS&E means co-chair duties in the summer of science degree recipients, from 28% At the graduate level, female there is almost no material available 1993 and thereby established a three- in 1979 to 37% in 1984. This trend CS&E students suffer from isolation, for K-12 that truly gives the students year rotation schedule for CRA-W reversed itself in 1984, and in 1990 powerlessness, invisibility, exclusion a taste of the excitement, challenges co-chairs. Thus, we are delighted to the ratio had fallen to 30%. In 1995 and a lack of role models. The 1995 and opportunities of a career in report that in July the leadership of it decreased to only 18% in computer CRA Taulbee Survey found that only CS&E. Published in March 1996, CRA-W was turned over to the science and computer engineering 10.2% of the faculty in Ph.D.- this booklet features women in capable hands of Janice Cuny of the combined. Why is this trend particu- granting computer science and various academic and industry University of Oregon and Leah larly disturbing? Because these women computer engineering departments positions in CS&E, and is targeted to Jamieson of Purdue University. The are at the front end of a CS&E pipeline are female and only 58 full professors appeal to junior high and high school goal of this article is to give you an that narrows dangerously. were women (out of a total of 1,144 girls. Out of the initial print run of overview of what CRA-W has There are numerous arguments full professors). Without guidance, 15,000 copies, only 800 copies accomplished over the last three and explanations for the decline in women students tend to turn their remain undistributed. years and to provide a snapshot of interest in the undergraduate CS&E problems inward, resulting in lowered • CRA Distributed Mentor Project potential future activities. Resources major by women. In the pre-college self-confidence and lowered career (Joseph O’Rourke, Smith College; and funding for the committee have pipeline there are serious problems in objectives. The shortage of women in Anne Condon, University of Wiscon- been provided by the National attracting girls to science in general, CS&E faculty positions, especially at sin at Madison): This project has Science Foundation and by CRA. in encouraging them to take enough the higher ranks, means there are few received two NSF awards, which are CRA-W is an action-based math and science courses to remain role models for women who might be used to support female undergraduate committee that has initiated numer- in the pipeline and in helping them interested in getting a Ph.D. in students in CS&E doing research ous projects that seek to improve the to recognize that a career in science CS&E. under the direction of a female participation and status of women faculty mentor at another institution. students, professors and researchers is both possible and rewarding. The The myriad of problems facing in computer science and engineering. drop in the CS&E major seems to women in CS&E education and Almost 75 students have been Members of the committee represent parallel the increase in computing research is significant. The recent supported over the past three academic and industrial research, courses taught in the high schools shrinking of the pipeline with respect summers. Ph.D.- and non-Ph.D.-granting and some hypotheses are focusing on to undergraduate majors forebodes Because of its distributed nature, departments, and a cross section of problems in the teaching of these even more serious problems in the it is reaching previously untapped the major research areas in the courses. near future. CRA-W’s goal is to take students at institutions where CS&E field. Each committee member During the period 1981-86 when positive action to increase the undergraduates have little contact takes responsibility for guiding a women undergraduate CS&E majors number of women participating in with research activity or female project from its inception to its were doubling, the percentage of CS&E education research and faculty. The program has been very completion and evaluation. Thus, women getting doctorates in com- education at all levels. In addition to effective in exposing these students committee membership rotates puter science did not increase. This increasing the number of women, the to research and university environ- depending on active projects; percentage has remained within the committee also seeks to increase the ments, in many cases altering their membership has ranged from 10 to 17 range of 10% to 14% from 1983 to degree of success they experience and career plans and establishing contacts members. 1992. It now stands at 17%. In provide a forum for addressing that will help them realize these Why is such a committee comparison, the percentage of problems that often fall dispropor- plans. necessary? According to data from women receiving doctorates in the tionately within women’s domain • Graduate Information Kit for the Education Department’s National physical sciences during the same (e.g., career-family conflicts, mater- Women in CS&E (Sandra Johnson Center for Education Statistics, the period increased from about 9% to nity, child care, two-body problems, Baylor, IBM T.J. Watson Research percentage of females in undergradu- 17%, and the biological sciences discrimination and harassment). The Center): A serious problem for ate computer science has been increased from 25% to 36%. Only dozen or so CRA-W projects are women students is a lack of informa- dropping steadily since 1984. In the engineering is below CS&E with described in more detail below. Links early 1980s there was a steady about 8%, although it too has shown to most activities and more informa- Continued on Page 4

COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS Microsoft and Vol. 8/No. 4/September 1996 Computing Research News (ISSN 1069-384X) is published five times per year: in January, donate software, hardware to CRA March, May, September and November. Copyright 1996 by the Computing Research Association The Computing Research Association would like to acknowledge the generous (CRA), 1875 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 718, Washington, DC 20009-5728; tel. 202-234-2111. All rights reserved. Material in CRN is not endorsed by CRA nor intended to reflect any official support of Microsoft Corp. and Sun Microsystems Inc. in their recent dona- positions of CRA or its board. tions. Microsoft and Sun also have provided ongoing support to CRA: both are Subscriptions: Call 202-234-211, send e-mail to [email protected] or mail subscription inquiries to industrial members and both send attendees to the CRA Conference at CRA, 1875 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 718, Washington, DC 20009-5728. A free subscription is available to qualified subscribers. One-year paid subscriptions are $30 in the United States, $45 Snowbird. (US) in Canada and $54 elsewhere. Microsoft Corp. donated more than $28,000 worth of software, including Change of Address: Note that a change of address must include the old and new addresses with file, Web and SQL servers; HTML authoring tools; and developer tools. The ZIP+4 if available. Please include a street address or PO Box. donation was authorized by Dan Ling, Microsoft’s director of research. Dennis Postmaster: Send address changes to CRA, 1875 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 718, Washington, DC 20009-5728. Postage paid at Washington, DC. Adler and Todd Needham, manager of University Research Programs at Computing Research News Editorial Board Microsoft, organized the shipment of the software. Jeff Ullman, Board Chair, Stanford University Sun Microsystems Inc. donated more than $25,000 worth of hardware Laszlo A. Belady, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Inc. Jill P. Mesirov, IBM Corp. and software, including a SPARCserver 20 with hard disk, monitor, tape backup Alberto Mendelzon, University of Toronto and operating system. CRA would like to thank Bert Sutherland, head of Sun Helen Wood, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Computing Research Association Staff Microsystems Laboratories, who made the donation with the help of Emil William Aspray, Executive Director and CRN Editorial Director Sarpa, manager of external research at Sun Microsystems. Chris Spina at Sun’s Joan Bass, Editor and Communications Director Chesapeake Regional Office organized delivery of the SPARCserver. Phillip Louis, Executive Assistant Juan Osuna, Webmaster Please contact William Aspray, CRA’s executive director (e-mail: Kimberly Peaks, Director of Administration [email protected]; tel. 202-234-2111), if your organization is interested in making Fred “Rick” Weingarten, Director of Government Affairs a donation to the association.

Page 3 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS September 1996

Expanding the Pipeline Wardle helps open doors for women in CS&E “NSF provides an excellent environ- information systems. ment for scientists and engineers and In 1985 Wardle made a signifi- has been very supportive of my being CRA’s A. Nico Habermann Award cant change in her life. She elected a spokeswoman for the funding of The Computing Research Association is pleased to name Caroline Wardle to become a single parent. “I am activities for women in computer as recipient of the 1996 A. Nico Habermann Award. This award is delighted that CRA-W will publish a science and engineering,” said presented to Wardle for the outstanding contributions she has made to booklet on balancing careers and Caroline E. Wardle, the 1996 improve opportunities available for women in the computer and informa- family. This aspect of my life has recipient of the Computing Research tion science and engineering (CISE) disciplines. certainly been difficult,” she dis- Association’s A. Nico Habermann Wardle received the award July 14 at CRA’s Conference at Snowbird in closed. “My daughter Ann is now 11 Award. Utah. years old, and it is vital to me to be a CRA cited her enthusiasm for The A. Nico Habermann award honors the late Dr. Habermann, who good role model for her. That is one spreading the word that the National headed NSF’s CISE Directorate until his death in 1993. He was deeply reason I moved to NSF in 1990. I Science Foundation cares about committed to increasing the participation of women and underrepresented wanted to be in an environment women’s concerns in the computing minorities in computing research. where I could contribute in a disciplines. She also was praised by CRA makes the award, usually annually, to a person who has made an different way to research and members of CRA’s Committee on the outstanding contribution to aiding members of underrepresented groups education as well as increasing Status of Women in Computer within the computing research community. This award recognizes work in opportunities for women in science.” Science and Engineering Research the areas of government affairs, educational programs, professional On joining NSF, Wardle became a (CRA-W). “Her guidance, encour- societies, public awareness and leadership that has a major impact on program director in the Computer agement and willingness to consider advancing these groups in the computing research community. and Information Science and proposals has helped CRA-W in its Past A. Nico Habermann Award winners: Engineering Directorate’s (CISE) efforts to recruit, retain and advance 1995 - Eugene Lawler (posthumous award), University of California at Office of Cross-Disciplinary Activi- women in computer science and Berkeley ties (OCDA), managing research and engineering,” CRA-W committee co- 1994 - Richard Tapia, Rice University educational programs, including chair Leah Jamieson said. “She has research infrastructure, research also been a strong advocate for the first ever in the Nebraska systems. She later founded and instrumentation, educational greater representation of women in Physics Department,” she said. chaired the Department of Computer infrastructure and faculty awards for higher positions at NSF and in other In 1970 she was awarded a Science. “The environment at BU women. “NSF allows professional organizations.” doctorate in atomic physics from was quite different from Hunter,” staff a day a week for research, which CRN interviewed Wardle to learn London University. She had already Wardle recalled. “There were few has let me collaborate with colleagues more about her life history. joined Hunter College of the City women in senior positions, and thus I at American University and the “Being able to contribute to University of New York in 1969 as felt called on to be a role model for National Institute of Standards and increasing opportunities for women the first computer science faculty women students.” Technology in a research project in has been personally satisfying to me,” member in the math department. In 1980 Wardle took a leave of software engineering,” Wardle said. Wardle said. “The situation certainly While at Hunter, she assumed the absence from BU to become associate “To be happy in my work, I need the differs from my experience growing first of many academic leadership dean and, later, dean of the Wang intellectual challenge of scientific up in England in the 1960s. When I roles by becoming the prime architect Institute of Graduate Studies, where research.” was 18, I had a summer job with an of a bachelor’s degree program in she continued her role as an aca- In 1995 Wardle received the NSF Director’s Award of Excellence for engineering company. I supervised computer science. demic leader. “I had built bachelor’s outstanding achievements in CISE two male engineers, both a year “Before Hunter became part of programs, master’s programs, a administration and management. For younger than I. Their salaries were CUNY,” Wardle said, “it had been a computer science department, and the past year, she has served as higher than mine because it was the top-ranked women’s school. Al- now I was offered the opportunity to deputy division director in the norm then for men to be paid more though it was now coeducational, build an institute. How could I resist Division of Computer and Computa- than women for the same job. While many students and faculty were the challenge?” she laughed. women, and the atmosphere encour- tional Research. She recently returned it didn’t occur to me to protest at the She did everything from obtain- to OCDA as deputy, where her new aged women to excel in all fields.” time, the incident certainly influ- ing degree-granting authority from responsibilities include managing a Wardle plunged into teaching the enced my career decisions. Several Massachusetts to designing organiza- cross-disciplinary program focused on new CS courses, quickly gaining a years later I remember thinking that tional structures, participating in integration of research and education reputation as one of the best teachers if I earned a Ph.D., I’d be less likely to computer facilities management, and being CISE’s representative for be treated this way.” in the department. She also started seeking equipment donations, writing women’s activities. Surviving the summer job, working in a new research area: catalog copy, doing public relations, “NSF has funded a number of Wardle went on to earn a B.S. in computer graphics and programming starting a library and recruiting professional women’s organizations in mathematics from the University of languages. students, faculty and staff. “It was a the computing disciplines,” she said. London. She came to the United In 1975 Wardle moved to Boston very exciting time,” she said. When “CRA-W is one of the most success- States in 1967, accompanying her University Metropolitan College, her leave ended, Wardle returned ful I have seen. Each committee thesis supervisor to the University of where she designed the bachelor’s to BU and to her first love: teach- member assumes responsibility for a Nebraska. “Three of his four doctoral and master’s degree programs in ing. But she also began a new project, and the results have been students from England were women— computer science and information research project, this time in truly impressive.”

CRA-W from Page 3 and family. More than 120 women Because CRN goes to most faculty at selecting and approaching Ph.D. attended the first workshop held in Ph.D.-granting departments, depart- advisers, university and department tion about programs and opportuni- 1993. CRA-W has held similar ment chairs, research labs and maternity policies, scholarships and ties that already exist. This booklet workshops since, including a two-day corporate members (about 5,000 fellowships available for women and contains information about how to go workshop in 1994 and 1996 and two people), it provides an excellent dealing with pornographic term about picking and applying to a afternoon workshops in conjunction vehicle for informing the community papers. graduate program. It includes an with the 1995 and 1996 ACM about committee projects. The • Ph.D. database (Joan Feigen- appendix with information on Conferences. “Expanding the Pipeline” columns baum, AT&T): A common argument graduate fellowships in CS&E also have played a role in educating a for not including women on targeted for applicants from under- • Grace Hopper Celebration of wider audience about mentoring important panels and committees represented groups. Women in Computing (Anita Borg, activities and issues of importance to has been that “there aren’t any.” • Mentoring workshops (Jan Cuny, Digital Equipment Corp.; Ruzena both genders. The committee’s database of women University of Oregon): These Bajcsy, University of Pennsylvania): • Systers Academia (Nancy with Ph.D.’s in CS&E has shown that workshops are designed to provide The hugely successful first celebra- Leveson, University of Washington): argument to be false. It has been used guidance to senior women, Ph.D. tion of women in computing confer- The goal of this moderated electronic by recruiters in personnel searches, students and junior women faculty in ence was held in 1994 in Washing- mailing list is to provide mentoring by editors-in-chief looking for CS&E on such issues as getting that ton, DC. The second celebration will and communication between women editorial board candidates, by first academic job, succeeding at be held Sept. 19-21, 1997, in San CS&E faculty and Ph.D. students. conference program chairs in promotion and tenure, developing Jose, CA. Topics discussed have included sexual selecting members for their program research and teaching programs, • CRN Expanding the Pipeline harassment, overcoming hurdles and making contacts and balancing career Column (Leah Jamieson, Purdue): discouragement in the Ph.D. process, Continued on Page 12

Page 4 September 1996 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS

CRA Conference at Snowbird ’96 Intellectual property rights and Aspray: CRA to focus on its CS&E workshop in December mission, leveraging efforts BY Randy Katz positive impact on the community of At the recent CRA Conference at freely distributed versions of the BY William Aspray Snowbird ’96, it became clear to Berkeley Software Distribution of CRA Staff Unix in the 1980s. Berkeley benefited The following is an edited excerpt of a talk CRA’s executive director gave at the many participants of a panel session enormously from the good will and CRA Conference at Snowbird. on university-industry interactions that the current university policies fame that accrued because of that Five principles will govern my direction of the association: with respect to intellectual property highly visible activity. The X Consor- Focus: Strong organizations are ones that clearly understand their rights and licensing are having a tium at the Massachusetts Institute of missions and know how to keep their activities focused on their principal chilling effect on this very important Technology and Mosaic at the objectives. CRA is a small organization with a very clear purpose: to form of collaboration for the University of Illinois at Urbana- strengthen research and advanced education in computing and allied fields. university and industrial research Champaign are just two more CRA is not a general-purpose computing organization, such as the Associa- communities. examples of the value of freely tion for Computing Machinery or the Computer Society, and it should not Because of the interest in this available software in transforming the try to be. We must constantly ask ourselves whether our actions will subject, CRA is planning a workshop computing industry. advance our primary purpose. in Washington, DC, in early Decem- Among university licensing Leverage: CRA is small; it has a staff of fewer than 10 people and a ber, held in conjunction with the offices, there seems to be little modest budget. If CRA is to make a difference, it must find a way to CRA Board meeting. The workshop understanding of the realities of leverage its efforts. Fortunately, through our board and our staff, we have will discuss the practical issues of university-developed software or the excellent connections with our affiliated computing societies, the academic intellectual property rights from the new economies of software in the computer science and engineering departments, the industrial research labs viewpoint of how they can best Internet Age. As for the former, of our profession and the major federal and private funding agencies. It is support our desires for enhanced university software is rarely “indus- my intention to have CRA leverage its resources by partnering, as much as university-industry interactions trial strength” and may require possible, with these other organizations on issues of mutual concern. rather than limiting them. Partici- substantial additional effort to yield Building board structure: Like many association boards, the CRA pants will include department chairs, production-quality code. For the Board meets only a couple of times a year. It is not possible for any board managers of industrial research latter, client software is often given meeting so infrequently to carry out ongoing programs. But not taking laboratories and selected heads of away, while server software and advantage of the talents of the leading members of the profession who sit campus technology licensing services such as documentation and on our board is a terrible waste of human resources. The CRA Committee organizations. technical support are sold. There is on the Status of Women in Computer Science and Engineering Research Financial pressures at the nation’s little evidence that any university has provided an excellent model for our committee structure: a strong and universities have caused university software has obtained substantial activist committee on which every member is expected to have her or his administrators to look toward new licensing fees for its developers. own project that is moved forward between committee meetings. methods of more aggressively A probable outcome of the This structure has resulted in a remarkably successful program—one leveraging the financial and intellec- December workshop is extensive that has received much-deserved recognition throughout the scientific and tual assets of the university. The information sharing about existing engineering professional communities. My goal is to develop several result has been increased emphasis campus policies and a tabulation of on university intellectual property how successful—or unsuccessful— Continued on Page 7 through associated patent and campus licensing efforts have been. licensing policies, with the hope that A concrete product will be the this can yield substantial additional formulation of a reference software CRN Subscription Form campus income. licensing policy for voluntary adop- Although fields like biotechnol- tion by CRA member organizations. ogy may yield fundamental new Such a licensing document could be Please check one: techniques, with substantial licensing taken back to your campus to help fees, this does not appear to be the make the case for a discipline-specific ❒ I want to subscribe to CRN. I qualify for a free subscription. intellectual property rights policy at case for software and many other your university. engineering technologies. ❒ I want a year’s subscription to CRN. I do not qualify for a free In addition, we will develop draft Aggressive pursuit of licensing subscription. My check, made payable to the Computing policies and formulate recommenda- fees may actually inhibit university- Research Association, is enclosed. Subscriptions are $30. Foreign tions on how to accommodate the industry interaction and may yield subscriptions are $45 (US) in Canada and $54 (US) elsewhere. special intellectual property rights substantially reduced industrial needs of visiting researchers at ❒ This is a change of address. I have included my address label or a support for university research in educational institutions and indus- copy of the old address. the future. Sponsoring companies trial research laboratories. The often feel they have a double Free Subscription Policy: CRN is mailed free to 1) faculty members, standard policies of intellectual indemnity; they must pay licensing administrators and full-time researchers in college and university comput- property ownership, such as patent ing departments; 2) research staff members and administrators of fees in addition to the financial rights, accruing to employers are nonprofit, for-profit and government laboratories involved in computing support they originally provided to inappropriate for situations in which research; and 3) persons who affect policies related to computing research. a project. personnel are exchanged between a Free subscriptions are only available in the United States and Canada. For example, for the entire university and an industrial research University of California system, only Please note: We cannot process your subscription unless you include a laboratory. two patents in the field of microelec- complete street address or a post office box. If you are interested in more tronics—for switched capacitor information about this workshop, Name filters—have yielded significant interested in helping organize it or licensing income in the last 20 years. Title/Position are interested in attending, please While these may have yielded a few contact CRA Board member Randy Phone E-mail million dollars for the university, one Katz at [email protected]. Organization wonders how many industrial Type of Organization collaborations were lost because of Katz is a CRA Board member and the university’s restrictive licensing professor of computer science at the Department policies. Contrast this with the University of California at Berkeley. Address City State ZIP+4 Attention Department Chairs: The 1996 CRA Taulbee Survey was mailed September 6. If you have not received your copy of the survey by Mail this form to: CRN Subscription Department September 15, please send an e-mail message to [email protected]. We are counting Computing Research Association on your cooperation in returning the survey before the November 15 deadline 1875 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 718 Washington, DC 20009 so that your data can be included in the preliminary salary results printed in the Fax: 202-667-1066; e-mail: [email protected] January issue of CRN. You are encouraged to complete an online version of the survey (http://www.cra.org/Survey/FillOut).

Page 5 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS September 1996

Association News 8 begin 3-year terms on CRA Board of Directors Seven new directors recently were University of British Columbia, Relevant experience: NSERC Computer and Information Science Grant elected to serve on the Computing Duncan Lawrie of the University of Selection Panel, member from 1984-87 and chair in 1986-87. Member, NSERC Research Association Board. One Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Robert Committee on Research Grants, 1988-94. Member, ad hoc committee for increasing director was re-elected. Ritchie of Hewlett-Packard Co. and research funding in Canada, 1990-91. Member, NSERC Ad Hoc Committee on CRA’s new board members, who John Savage of Brown University. Research Computing, 1989-91. joined the board July 1 and will serve The CRA Election Committee, Lawrence Snyder three-year terms, are James D. Foley, chaired this year by Anita Borg of Professor of computer science and engineering, Randy Katz, James Morris, Kenneth Digital Equipment Corp., puts University of Washington. Sevcik, Lawrence Snyder, Mary Lou together a slate of candidates from Snyder has a doctorate in computer science and engineering Soffa and John Stankovic. Mary nominations made by members of the from Carnegie Mellon University. His research interest is Vernon was re-elected. computing research community. In parallel computing. CRA appreciates the time and preparing the slate, the committee Awards and honors: ACM Fellow, 1994. IEEE Fellow, 1992. effort contributed by its retiring seeks reputable computer researchers Previous involvement with CRA: Participated in four board members: Rick Adrion of the and research administrators who are CRA Conferences at Snowbird, 1984-92. University of Massachusetts at willing to devote time and energy to Relevant experience: Chair, NSF Computer and Computation Research Amherst, Ruzena Bajcsy of the CRA. The committee looks for a Directorate Advisory Committee. Chair, ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award University of Pennsylvania, Barry varied slate in terms of research field, Selection Committee. General chair, Symposium on Parallel Algorithms and Boehm of the University of Southern organization type, gender, ethnic Architectures, 1991-94. Chair, Academic Careers in Experimental Computer California, Maria Klawe of the background and geography. Science, NRC, 1992-93. Advisory/evaluation committees for the CS depart- ments at Princeton, Dartmouth, Santa Cruz, Utah, Carnegie Mellon, Penn James D. Foley State, Oregon Graduate Institute and others. Director, MERL; Executive vice president, Mitsubishi Electric Mary Lou Soffa Information Technology Center America. Professor of computer science, University of Pitts- Foley has a doctorate in computer, information and control engineering from the burgh. University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. His research interests are computer graphics Soffa has a doctorate in computer science from the University and human-computer interface. of Pittsburgh. Her research interests are program analysis, Awards and honors: IEEE Fellow, 1986. National Computer Graphics Associa- programming language implementation, parallelizing tion Academic Award, 1991. Sigma Xi Sustained Research Award (Georgia Tech and software tools. Chapter), 1993. Georgia Tech Interdisciplinary Activities Award, 1994. Awards and honors: NSF Professorship for Women, Previous involvement with CRA: Member, 1988-90 as chair of the Depart- University of California at Berkeley, 1987. Outstanding ment of and Computer Science, George Washington Service Award, ACM SIGPLAN, 1995. University; organized technology transfer session at the 1992 CRA Conference Previous involvement with CRA: Panelist, CRA Academic Careers for Women at Snowbird; Editorial Board member. in Computer Science Workshop. Randy H. Katz Relevant experience: Founding participant of the annual Symposium for Graduate Education, sponsored by Florida A&M (a special program to ensure Chair, Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department, University of California at Berkeley. that African-American students have the proper credentials and encourage- Katz has a doctorate in computer science from the University ment to enter graduate school in computer science). Initiated programs to of California at Berkeley. His research interests are wireless recruit minorities into graduate programs in Arts and Sciences at the University of communications and mobile computing. Pittsburgh; increased the representation by 40% in three years. Awards and honors: IEEE Fellow, 1996. ACM Fellow, John A. Stankovic 1996. CRA Distinguished Service Award, 1995. Distin- guished Alumni Award, Computer Science and Engineering, Professor of computer science, University of Massa- Berkeley, 1994. Distinguished Teaching Award, Academic Senate, Berkeley, chusetts at Amherst. 1992. Stankovic has a doctorate in computer science from Brown Previous involvement with CRA: Invited plenary lecture, Federated Computing University. His research interests are real-time systems, Research Conference ’96. operating systems, distributed systems, database systems Relevant experience: Chair, EECS Department, Berkeley, July 1996-99. Program and multimedia. manager and deputy director, DARPA Computing Systems Technology Office, Awards and honors: Ph.D. thesis chosen as one of the year’s best and published as a book, 1979. Outstanding 1993-94. Assistant, associate and full professor, Computer Science Division, EECS Scholar Award, School of Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 1983. IEEE Department, Berkeley, 1983-present. Assistant professor, University of Wisconsin at Computer Society’s Meritorious Service Award, 1991. IEEE Fellow, 1993. ACM Madison, 1981-82. Worked at Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. and the Computer Fellow, 1996. Corporation of America, 1980-81. Relevant experience: Editor-in-chief and member of editorial boards of major James H. Morris journals: Real-Time Systems Journal, IEEE Transactions on Computers, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 1986-present. General chair, Professor of computer science and department chair, Carnegie Mellon program chair and member of program committees for many conferences, 1979- University. present. Chair, IEEE Technical Committee on Real-Time Systems (elected to a Morris has a doctorate in computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of two-year term), 1993-94. Industrial experience working at Bell Labs, 1970-74. Technology. His research interests are distributed computer systems and their President of the Brown University Student Chapter of the ACM, 1975-78. use for human communication. Awards and honors: IBM ACIS Academic Award, 1988. Xerox Research Mary K. Vernon Fellow, 1982. Professor of computer science, University of Wis- Relevant experience: Assistant professor, University of California at Berkeley, consin at Madison. 1969-74. Researcher, Xerox PARC, 1974-82. Director, CMU’s Information Vernon has a doctorate in computer science from the Univer- Technology Center, 1983-87. Founder, MAYA Design Inc., 1989-92. Head, sity of California at Los Angeles. Her research interests are CMU’s CS Department, 1992-present. computer systems performance modeling and analysis, parallel computer architectures and distributed systems. Kenneth C. Sevcik Awards and honors: NSF Presidential Young Investigator Professor and director of the Computer Systems award, 1984. Award paper, IFIP WG 7.3 International Research Institute, University of Toronto. Seminar on Performance of Distributed and Parallel Systems, 1989. NSF Faculty Sevcik has a doctorate in information sciences from the Award for Women in Science and Engineering, 1990. Member, IFIP WG 7.3 on University of Chicago. His research interests are perfor- Information Processing System Modeling, Measurement and Evaluation, 1993. mance evaluation of computer and communication systems, ACM Fellow, 1996. information structures, and parallel and distributed Previous involvement with CRA: Member, CRA Board of Directors, Decem- database systems. ber 1993-present. Program chair, NIST Forum, R&D for the NII: Technical Awards and honors: Award for Excellence in Research, Challenges, February 1994. Testified on behalf of CRA, House Science Subcom- Information Technology Association of Canada, 1990-92. Member, Natural mittee on Basic Research, March 1996. Sciences and Engineering Research Council, 1988-94. IFIP Silver Core Award, Relevant experience: Member, NSF CISE Directorate Advisory Committee, International Federation of Information Processing Societies, 1989. 1992-present. Member, NSF Blue Ribbon Panel on High-Performance Comput- Previous involvement with CRA: Participated in four CRA Conferences at ing, 1993. Member, NSF Task Force on the Future of the Supercomputing Snowbird, 1984-92. Centers, 1995.

Page 6 September 1996 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS

Association News

1995-96 COMPUTING RESEARCH ASSOCIATION MEMBERS Affiliated Professional Societies American Association for Artificial Intelligence IEEE Computer Society Association for Computing Machinery Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Industry and Government Labs Apple Computer Inc. DIMACS Center Microsoft Corp. San Diego Supercomputing Center AT&T Bell Laboratories GE Corporate Research & Development Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs Sun Microsystems Inc. Digital Equipment Corp. IBM Research NEC Research Institute Inc. Xerox Corp. Academic Members Abilene Christian University (CS) Northeastern University (CS) University of California, Davis (CS) University of Pennsylvania (CIS) Arizona State University (CS) Northwestern University (EE&CS) University of California, Irvine (I&CS) University of Pittsburgh (CS) Auburn University (CS&E) Oakland University (CSE) University of California, Los Angeles (CS) University of Quebec, Montreal (CS) Boston University (CS) Ohio State University (CIS) University of California, Riverside (CS) University of Rochester (CS) Brandeis University (CS) Ohio University (CS) Univ. of California, Santa Barbara (CS) University of Saskatchewan (CS) Brown University (CS) Oklahoma State University (CS) University of California, Santa Cruz (CE) University of South Carolina (CS) California Institute of Technology (CS) Old Dominion University (CS) University of California, Santa Cruz (CIS) University of Southern California (EES) Carnegie Mellon University (CS) Oregon Graduate Institute (CS) University of Central Florida (CS) University of Southern California (CS) Case Western Reserve University (CE) Oregon State University (CS) University of Chicago (CS) Univ. of SW Louisiana (CE&CS) Clemson University (CE) Pennsylvania State University (CS) University of Colorado, Boulder (CS) University of Tennessee, Knoxville (CS) Clemson University (CS) Polytechnic University (CS) University of Delaware (CIS) University of Texas, Arlington (CSE) Colorado State University (CS) Portland State University (CS) University of Florida (CIS) University of Texas, Austin (CE) Colorado Technical University (CS) (CS) University of Houston (CS) University of Texas, Dallas (CSP) Columbia University (CS) Purdue University (CS) University of Idaho (CS) University of Texas, El Paso (CS) Cornell University (CS) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (CS) University of Illinois, Chicago (CS) University of Toronto (CS) Dartmouth College (CS) Rice University (CS) Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (CE) University of Tulsa (CS) Duke University (CS) Rutgers, State Univ. of New Jersey (CS) Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (CS) University of Utah (CS) Florida Atlantic University (CS&E) Santa Clara University (CE) University of Iowa (CS) University of Virginia (CS) Florida State University (CS) Simon Fraser University (CS) University of Kansas (CE) University of Washington (CSE) George Mason University (CS) Southern Methodist University (CE&CS) University of Kentucky (CS) University of Waterloo (CS) George Washington University (CS) Stanford University (CS) University of Manitoba (CS) University of Western Ontario (CS) Georgia Institute of Technology (CS) State University of New York, Albany (CS) University of Maryland (CS) University of Wisconsin, Madison (CS) Harvard University (CS) State Univ. of New York, Binghamton (CS) Univ. of MD, Baltimore Co. (CS&CE) Univ. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (EE&CS) Indiana University (CS) State University of New York, Buffalo (CS) University of Massachusetts, Amherst (CS) University of Wyoming (CS) Iowa State University (CS) Stevens Institute of Technology (CS) University of Michigan (CSE Div.) Vanderbilt University (CS) Johns Hopkins University (CS) Syracuse University (CIS) University of Minnesota (CS) Wake Forest University (CS) Kansas State University (CS) Temple University (CS) University of Mississippi (CIS) Washington State University (EECS) Kent State University (CS) Texas A&M University (CS) University of Missouri-Rolla (CS) Washington University (CS) Lehigh University (CS) Tulane University (CS) University of Montreal (CS) Wayne State University (CS) MIT (EECS) Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham (CI&S) University of Nebraska, Lincoln (CS) West Virginia University (CE) Michigan State University (CS) University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (CS) University of Nevada, Las Vegas (CS) Williams College (CS) Mississippi State University (CS) University of Alberta (CS) University of New Mexico (CS) Worcester Polytechnic Institute (CS) Montana State University-Bozeman (CS) University of Arizona (CS) Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (CS) Wright State University (CS) New York University (CS) University of British Columbia (CS) University of North Dakota (CS) Yale University (CS) North Carolina State University (CS) University of Calgary (CS) University of Oklahoma (CS) York University (CS) Northeastern University (CE) University of California, Berkeley (CS) University of Oregon (CIS)

Patterson from Page 1 Stanford University; Susan Merrit, Aspray from Page 5 industrial research laboratories. School of Computer Science and contagious. The two major counter- committees covering many different However, there are many other Information Systems at Pace Univer- examples are that our colleagues are areas of interest to CRA. I hope these organizations that are not mem- sity; Peter Freeman, School of imitating us, and members of our field committees will look to CRA-W as a bers—often because we have not are filling prestigious positions. Computer Science at the Georgia thought to invite them to join. Institute of Technology; and Raj model and develop their own active First, scientists and engineers are Our goal is to get 100% participa- Reddy, School of Computer Science programs. doing what we have done for 25 years: tion from the computer science and at Carnegie Mellon University. Learning from the commu- sending e-mail, sharing data electroni- We even have several provosts: nity: Through its Forsythe list and computer engineering departments cally, writing programs and inventing Maria Klawe is vice president of other contacts, CRA has excellent that support research and advanced algorithms and . In short, Student and Academic Services at the education as well as full participation they are spending less time in the lab lines of communication with the University of British Columbia, from the industrial labs carrying out and more time on the computer. Just as leaders of the computing research Thomas LeBlanc is acting vice provost computing research. a competent scientist or engineer had profession in the academic, industrial and dean of the College at the Univer- We intend to reach out beyond to learn physics or math to be able to and government sectors. I intend to sity of Rochester, and Joel Moses was establish a set of procedures—such as these core members—to undergradu- do research in the past, today they dean of the College of Engineering and site visits, surveys and conversations ate departments interested in must also study computing. De facto did so well he is now provost at MIT. acceptance of the importance of your with these leaders—to learn what research; to graduate departments in Members of our field also are related fields, such as computational field is having other scientists and serving in government positions: Paul activities they think CRA should be mathematics and computer-oriented engineers require their students to Young as the head of Computer and involved in and to obtain their library and information science; to learn your material. Information Science and Engineering guidance and assistance in carrying The second counter-example at the National Science Foundation, out these programs. CRA will be federal laboratories with active regards appointing computer scien- Ed Feigenbaum as the Air Force’s chief strong only if it listens to the entire computer programs; to companies tists and engineers to positions of scientist, and Anita Jones as director of community—and involves them in its with computer researchers but no importance. Here are a few examples: Defense Research and Engineering. efforts. official research labs; and to compa- • The EECS Department at And Bill Wulf recently was appointed Financial resources: The nies not directly involved in comput- Berkeley has always had an EE interim president of the National computing research community has ing research but that would gain from faculty member as chair and a CS Academy of Engineering. identified a wealth of programmatic being consumers of computing faculty member as vice chair for the My conclusion on computing activities for CRA—far more than we research. CS Division. On July 1, Randy Katz research is that there is plenty of can carry out with our present With a larger base of financial became the first CS faculty member evidence and ample reasons for financial resources. We have been supporters we can build our re- to serve as EECS chair. CS&E to continue to attract the • Several in our field have best and brightest. We will see this blessed with strong financial support serves in a way that will ensure our become deans: Ziv Galil, College of in future enrollments, and it is time from our affiliated professional continued operation and expand Engineering at Columbia University; to cast off any remaining feelings of societies, from most of the Ph.D.- the activities that serve the entire , College of Engineer- self-doubt and assertively take our granting computer science and computing research community and ing at Cornell University; John rightful seat at the head table of engineering departments and from the larger community that depends Hennessy, College of Engineering at scientists and engineers. some of the most foresighted on it.

Page 7 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS September 1996

Awards and Honors Distinguished Service Award The Computing Research Association is pleased to name Paul Young as Outstanding undergrads recipient of the 1996 CRA Distinguished Service Award. This award is made in The Computing Research Association is pleased to announce the results recognition of the numerous and significant contributions Young has made to of the second annual CRA Outstanding Undergraduate Awards competi- the computing research community. tion. We would like to acknowledge the support of Hewlett-Packard Co., Young received the award July 14 at CRA’s Conference at Snowbird in the NEC Research Institute Inc. and Xerox Corp. as this year’s sponsors. Utah. Awards are presented in two categories: Outstanding Female Under- Young has served as assistant director of the National Science Foundation’s graduate and Outstanding Male Undergraduate. Candidates were Directorate for Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering. He has nominated by their departments, which were allowed to nominate no provided outstanding representation and leadership for the computing research more than one candidate in each category. Nominees had to be majoring community during a period of critical changes in our nation’s approach to research and education. He is an eminent researcher and academic leader with in computer science, computer engineering or an equivalent program. A an international reputation, and his vision extends beyond his own discipline. total of 12 female and 27 male candidates were nominated. The two Young’s many accomplishments include overseeing the privatization of the winners each receive a cash prize of $1,000. NSFnet and the transition of the NSF focus to the vBNS, chartering a task The Selection Committee consisted of Ruzena Bajcsy of the Univer- force to examine the recompetition of the supercomputer centers contracts, and sity of Pennsylvania (committee chair), Daniel Huttenlocher of Cornell co-chairing a committee that constructed a strategic plan for the next genera- University and Jeff Ullman of Stanford University. In addition to choosing tion of multiagency cooperation in computing research. an overall winner in each category, the committee recognized a small As chair of the CRA Board of Directors during the association’s formative number of runners-up. years, Young helped the computing research field develop a presence in science and technology policy making. Outstanding Female Undergraduate Before his NSF appointment, Young was professor of computer science and Winner engineering and associate dean of engineering at the University of Washington, • Jennifer Nolan, North Carolina State University, Computer Science where he had served as chair of the Department of Computer Science from Runners-up 1983-88. He joined the University of Washington in 1983, after 17 years at Purdue University. Young graduated from Antioch College and received his • Miranda Wai Sum Ko, University of British Columbia, Computer Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1963. Science CRA makes an award, usually annually, to a person who has made an • Jennifer Sun, Harvard University, Mathematics–Division of Applied outstanding service contribution to the computing research community. The Sciences CRA Distinguished Service Award recognizes service in the areas of govern- • Stephanie Weirich, Rice University, Computer Science ment affairs, professional societies, publications or conferences, and leadership • Bin Song, Dartmouth College, Computer Science and Mathematics that has a major impact on computing research. Past CRA Distinguished Service Award winners: Outstanding Male Undergraduate 1995 - Randy Katz, University of California at Berkeley Winner 1994 - William A. Wulf, University of Virginia • Amit Sahai, University of California at Berkeley, Mathematics with 1993 - Not awarded minor in Computer Science 1992 - Joseph Traub, Columbia University Runners-up 1991 - David Gries, Cornell University • Corin Anderson, University of Washington, Computer Science and 1990 - Robert Kahn, NCRI Engineering 1989 - Peter Denning, George Mason University • Jeremy Buhler, Rice University, Computer Science 1988 - Kent Curtis, National Science Foundation • Regis Colwell, University of Pittsburgh, Computer Science • Dani Goldberg, Brandeis University, Computer Science wins Kyoto Prize • Jeffrey Grossman, University of Toronto, Computer Science and The Inamori Foundation has selected Donald Ervin Knuth as the winner of the Mathematics 1996 Kyoto Prize in the category of Advanced Technology. At a November • David Knol, Northwestern University, Electrical Engineering and awards ceremony in Japan, he and the other laureates each will receive a Computer Science diploma, a gold medal and a cash gift of 50 million yen (about $460,000). • Alexander Mallet, University of Pennsylvania, Computer Science and Knuth, a Professor Emeritus at Stanford University, is being honored as Engineering “America’s foremost computer programmer, whom Byte magazine recently • Robert Runser, University of Kansas, Electrical Engineering and recognized…as one of the ‘20 Most Important People’ who have had the Computer Science greatest impact on microcomputing,” an Inamori Foundation press release said. • Peter Sloan, University of Utah, Computer Science “Dr. Knuth’s development of information processing technology made a great • Michael Wittman, Purdue University, Computer Science contribution to the arrival of our present information-based society.” Knuth’s achievements include: • Ka-Ping Yee, University of Waterloo, Electrical and Computer Engineering • Publication of the three-volume work, The Art of Computer Programming, About the Winners referred to by scientists as “the bible and encyclopedia for computer science” Jennifer Nolan is in her junior year as an undergraduate in computer and the research of important algorithms. science at North Carolina State University. For her research project as • Development of the TEX computer typesetting system and the Metafont font design system. These systems were the first to make computers capable of part of the CRA Distributed Mentor Program, she conceived and imple- doing document publishing and professional-quality typesetting. mented innovative recurrences and algorithms in the areas of basis and • Development of LR parser and attribute grammar, which established a graphical integer partitions. This work resulted in two papers submitted new method of language analysis and made a basic contribution to for publication on which she is a co-author. Jennifer also has excelled in technologies used in computer programming. research projects at Burroughs-Wellcome (now Glaxo-Wellcome) and “Through these achievements, Dr. Donald Ervin Knuth has helped support IBM. A member of the University Scholars Program, Jennifer carries a 4.0 the rapid development of the information sciences and entire associated grade point average and is a recipient of a Barry M. Goldwater Scholar- industries throughout the last 25 years, providing firm directions and concrete ship, among many others honors and awards. Her interests outside of technologies for further development,” the release said. “His enormous contri- academia include creative writing and playing violin and viola for the butions to these fields have established him as a giant in the field of information Raleigh Civic Symphony. sciences.” The Kyoto Prizes, Japan’s highest private awards for lifetime achievement, Amit Sahai is in his senior year as an undergraduate in mathematics are presented annually by the nonprofit Inamori Foundation to recognize with a minor in computer science at the University of California at individuals and groups worldwide that have made significant contributions to Berkeley. Two of his many accomplishments stand out. During an intern- the betterment of humankind. ship at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center last summer, Amit, working with Marshall Bern, solved the Kneser-Thue Poulsen problem. The results of this work will appear in a paper accepted to the 1996 ACM Symposium Guggenheim Fellow appointed on . Their result also establishes a new property Stephen A. Vavasis, an associate professor at Cornell University, has received a of the Dual Complex. For his honors senior thesis project, Amit 1996 Guggenheim Fellowship. worked on the problem of finding the minimal DNA sequence that Guggenheim Fellows are appointed on the basis of unusually distinguished contains as subsequences every possible DNA sequence of a given achievement and exceptional promise for future accomplishment. length and, using combinatorial methods, found a recursive formula The topic of Vavasis’ Guggenheim grant is “Geometry in Scientific Comput- for these minimum distances. Amit plays a major leadership role in Eta ing.” The goals of the proposed research are to develop algorithms for handling Kappa Nu, the electrical engineering society, and is a member of complex geometry in scientific computing, to gain understanding of the impact Berkeley’s Programming Team, which was recently declared the 1996 of complex geometry on accuracy and convergence rates of numerical methods ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest World Champion. and to explore the role of optimization in inverse geometric problems.

Page 8 September 1996 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS

Research News Table 1. NSF Funding by Program (in millions of dollars) Technology changing way we 1995 1996 1997 Directorate Actual Planned Request live, work, learn and consume Research & Related Activities The following is the executive summary from the recently published report Culture, B1iological Sciences 30036032Society and Advanced Information Technology. C8ISE 25527527The National Information Infrastructure is the major technological devel- E3ngineering 36234135opment affecting broad segments of the American public at the end of the 20th G0eosciences 48244145century. Built upon convergent technological developments in telecommunica- M5athematical&PhysicalScience61468570tions and computing and avidly promoted by industrial, government and S0ocial,Behavioral&Econ.Science17114112academic interests, the NII is already changing the way Americans live, work, O4ther/misc. 27229122learn and consume. S1ubtotal:Research&Rel.Activities24,2822,272,47Recognizing the potential of these technological developments to transform society, on June 1-2, 1995, the American Anthropological Association and the E2ducation&HumanResources 69159961Computing Research Association, under National Science Foundation sponsor- A7cademicResearchInfrastructure101100 ship, convened the Workshop on Culture, Society and Advanced Information M6ajorResearchEquipment 102759Technology. This workshop brought 33 social and computer scientists from S9alaries&Expenses 13214313government, industry and the academic community together (plus three OfficeofInspectorGeneral 445attendees from NSF, two from AAA and one from CRA) to examine the T0otalNSFBudget 30,2735,183,32dimensions of social impacts of the NII and to ask what useful, critical and researchable questions the NII raises for society. Correction: Due to an editing error in Table 1 on Page 1 of the May issue, the 1997 budget requests for Biological Sciences and Other/misc. were incorrect. It is important to understand how social groups use, adapt and reinterpret The correct numbers are $326 million and $229 million, respectively. technologies such as computing and digital telecommunications, often in ways not anticipated by those who design the systems or by those who create policies for their deployment and use. New ways of creating, storing and transmitting Committee urged to support NSF information are transforming institutions and cultural practices. A dialogue among information scientists, marketers and policy makers, on the one hand, Fred W. Weingarten, CRA’s director of government affairs, testified at a May hearing and social scientists, on the other, will enhance the possibility that these new on National Science Foundation appropriations before the House Appropriations technologies will contribute to a better world. Subcommittee on Veterans Affairs, HUD and Independent Agencies. The workshop found that recent breakthroughs in the speed, communica- Members of this committee have helped protect research in the face of tions capability and storage capacity of digital information devices would have excruciating budget pressures. That you have done as well as you have up to far-reaching and unforeseen effects on families, communities, institutions and now is testimony to your leadership and understanding that our research democratic processes. To understand the social consequences of these break- establishment is one of the nation’s critical resources. through technologies, government, academic and corporate researchers need to Clearly those budget pressures are not getting any easier. I am here repre- build on the solid foundation that exists in studies of sociotechnical systems, senting the computing research community. I urge you to continue the strong media studies and online communication; in the social science study of comput- support this Congress has shown for NSF by appropriating the full amount ing; and in the social sciences generally. requested, a 4.5% increase overall. This amount includes an 8.6% increase in To further this understanding, the workshop explored the implications of funding for the Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) these new technologies for the education and careers of social scientists as well Directorate, which supports fundamental research in computing and communi- as for social science methods, funding, ethics and theory. cations. This research will be important to our nation’s future economic development and international leadership well into the 21st century. The complete report is available electronically at http://www.cra.org/Reports/Aspects. I want to focus on three key points: 1. We are in a particularly critical window of opportunity with respect to NSF from Page 1 faster turnaround as well as better information systems, in which continued investment in fundamental research division budget to support the larger decision making through this process. promises to have enormous payoff. grants anticipated in the ESS CCR’s other programs also have 2. The programs of the CISE Directorate are a key component of the program. The number of awards will been repackaged for 1997. Computer government’s R&D portfolio in computing research. be few, and successful proposals will graphics has been folded into Numeri- 3. Reaping the social benefits of R&D requires a complex and close relation- need to reflect careful planning as cal, Symbolic and Geometric Comput- ship among fundamental research (mainly at universities), industrial R&D and well as good ideas. ing, which now includes all scientific government. Another significant change in applications of computing covered in CCR is the adoption of deadlines for the division. Computer architecture Weingarten’s testimony is available at http://www.cra.org/~rick/rg/documents/apptest- the submission of proposals. In the has been packaged with operating 96.html. past the division has suggested that systems and compiler research, proposals be submitted by a target combining all aspects of architecture- date each fall, but proposals have dependent systems research in the Karp awarded Medal of Science been accepted at any time during the division. Research on programming year. However, it has been increas- On July 26 President Clinton awarded the 1996 National Medal of Science to and specification languages is packaged ingly difficult to find funds for Richard M. Karp, a professor of computer science and engineering at the with software engineering, the driving proposals submitted late in the University of Washington. The president awarded 13 Medals of Science and application area for computer lan- annual cycle. In a competitive Medals of Technology to scientists and engineers who have made significant guages. The Theory of Computing situation, it will be advantageous to program has not been changed, but it advances in their fields. the decision process to have all the The National Medal of Science, established by Congress and administered will respond to new initiatives from the proposals submitted to each program research community. by the National Science Foundation, honors individuals for contributions to the available for consideration at one For more information, please refer present state of knowledge in one of the following fields: physical, biological, time. To accomplish a comparative to the CCR Web page at http:// mathematical, engineering or social and behavioral sciences. The medal has evaluation of proposals, the division www.cise.nsf.gov/ccr. The informa- been awarded to 344 distinguished scientists and engineers. will use peer-review panels for the Also established by Congress, the National Medal of Technology honored proposals submitted to each program. tion is updated frequently. The CISE/ 94 individuals and seven companies for technological innovation and the Panel reviews will be supplemented CCR Web site will be used to post new advancement of US global competitiveness. Past recipients include Bill Gates of by ad hoc mail reviews when addi- announcements throughout the year. Microsoft Corp. and Ed McCracken of Silicon Graphics Inc. However, no one tional expert advice is deemed useful. Kieburtz is director of NSF’s Division of from the computing field was honored this year. We believe we shall be able to offer Computer and Computation Research.

HPCC from Page 1 campaign priorities as education, the Deadlines for CCR programs project an image of fresh, new ideas environment and Medicare. Cam- Theory of Computing: October 1 stressing high tech and its impact on paign experts predict that Republi- Numeric, Symbolic and Geometric Computing the economy. This campaign, that of cans will likely continue to stress optimization, numeric computing, computer graphics: September 15 an incumbent, will stress how well character and social issues. There is symbolic, geometric, automated deduction: Feb. 28, 1997 the economy is doing and focus on not much room in that mix for new Computer Systems, Architecture and Software areas it claims have been threatened S&T initiatives, aside from the operating systems, distributed computing: November 4 by the Republican Congress. For perfunctory “white paper” every computer architecture, compiling techniques: Feb. 14, 1997 some time—since the great budget campaign puts out at some point Software Engineering and Languages: September 15 debate and government shutdowns— Experimental Software Systems (target date): November 1 the president has announced his Continued on Page 10 CAREERS: October 17

Page 9 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS September 1996

Washington Update David Clark replaces Bill Wulf as chair of CSTB William A. Wulf has been appointed computer science at Carnegie Mellon ARPAnet and on the development of also served on the committees that interim president of the National University. He has served on the token-ring local area network produced the CSTB reports, Toward a Academy of Engineering. He is the CRA Board of Directors and received technology. Since the mid-1970s, he National Research Network; Realizing first appointed to the 1994 CRA Distinguished Service has been involved in the develop- the Information Future: The Internet such a post. Award. ment of the Internet. From 1981-89, and Beyond; and The Unpredictable “The fact that a computer Wulf had been serving as chair of he acted as chief protocol architect in Certainty: Information Infrastructure scientist is the president of the NAE the National Research Council’s this development and chaired the Through 2000. has been unremarkable—no one has Computer Science and Telecommu- Internet Activities Board. CSTB also announced changes in said a word about it, ” Wulf said. nications Board (CSTB). David D. His current research area is committee membership. “This is a strong indication of the Clark of the Massachusetts Institute protocols and architectures for very Newly appointed for three-year recognition and acceptance of our of Technology is the new chair; he large and very-high-speed networks. terms are: , Stanford discipline.” will serve a three-year term ending Specific activities include extensions University; Susan Graham, Univer- Wulf, AT&T Professor of June 30, 1999. to the Internet to support real-time sity of California at Berkeley; Ed Engineering and Applied Science at Clark graduated from Swarthmore traffic, explicit allocation of service, Lazowska, University of Washington the University of Virginia, will serve College in 1966 and received his pricing and new network technolo- (He is also a member of the CRA until a permanent president is Ph.D. in electrical engineering from gies. In the security area, Clark Board of Directors and chair of its named. A special election will be MIT in 1973. Since then he has participated in the early development Government Affairs Committee.); held as soon as possible. Wulf worked at the MIT Laboratory for of the multilevel secure Multics Donald Simborg, KnowMed Systems; succeeds Harold Liebowitz, who was Computer Science, where he is a operating system. He developed an recently recalled as president by a senior research scientist in charge of and Judith Hempel, Molecular information security model that vote of the NAE membership. the Advanced Network Architecture Simulation Inc. Wulf has had a distinguished group. His research interests include stresses integrity of data rather than Several board members retired on career that includes serving as networks, network protocols, disclosure control. June 30: Henry Fuchs, University of assistant director of the National operating systems, distributed Clark has been a CSTB member North Carolina; Charles Geschke, Science Foundation’s Computer and systems, and computer and commu- for the past year. He chaired the Adobe Software; Ted Shortliffe, Information Science and Engineering nications security. committee that produced the CSTB Stanford University; William Press, Directorate, chair and CEO of Tartan After receiving his Ph.D., Clark report, Computers at Risk: Safe Harvard University; and Casimir Laboratories, and professor of worked on the early stages of the Computing in the Information Age. He Skrzypczak, Nynex.

HPCC from Page 9 technology, which stressed public Richard Tapia appointed about how much their candidate applications such as education, loves research. health care and libraries. As it to National Science Board The issue of interest is the continued to broaden in focus, the broadening of the program to cover initiative grew in funding (more than Richard A. Tapia, the Noah Harding Lawrence Berkeley National Labora- most of federal computing research. $1 billion) and in the number of Professor of Computational and tory. Gaillard is an expert in theoreti- HPCC has its roots in a 1982 report participating agencies (10). Applied Mathematics at Rice cal particle physics. She is a member known as the “Lax Report” because Inevitably, as the HPCC program University, has been appointed to the of the National Academy of Sciences. Peter Lax of the Courant Institute grew broader in scope and encom- National Science Board (NSB), an M.R.C. Greenwood of Davis, CA, chaired the committee that wrote it. passed more of computing research oversight and advisory body to the is chancellor of the University of and related activities, such as National Science Foundation. He California at Santa Cruz. She is the The issue presented in that report research infrastructure and computa- joins John Hopcroft of Cornell former dean of graduate studies at was simple: Academic scientists University as the second computing the University of California at Davis lacked access to supercomputer tional science, it became ever harder researcher serving on the current and is an expert in the fields of power they needed to pursue research to distinguish it from other comput- board. In addition to his substantial physiology and nutrition. Greenwood in several critical areas. They argued ing research programs. In 1995 the research contributions, Tapia has served as associate director for that more computational cycles National Science and Technology received numerous awards for his science in the White House Office of needed to be made available and that Council released a strategic plan that significant contributions to minority Science and Technology Policy from the government should do more to tried to present an all-encompassing education and his public service. November 1993 to May 1995. push the performance envelope. look at federal information technol- In 1994 he received CRA’s A. Stanley Vincent Jaskolski of Cleve- As the National Science Founda- ogy research, putting it in the context Nico Habermann award for his land is the chief technical officer and tion began planning a program in of broad national goals. That plan has outstanding contribution to aiding vice president of technical manage- response, another more public issue become the guiding principal and members of underrepresented groups ment for Eaton Corp. He was a faculty hit the political scene: concern that driving force behind federal R&D within the computing research member in the Electrical Engineering Japan was threatening to overtake budgets in computing research. community. Tapia formerly served on and Computer Science Department at US leadership in many fields of In some sense, the demise of the National Board of Directors of Marquette University for 15 years and technology, including supercomputers. HPCC can be attributed to the fact the Society for Advancement of served as chair during part of his Thus, industrial competitiveness took that computing and communications Chicanos and Native Americans in tenure. hold as a driving force. Technological technology has simply grown too big Sciences, and he is a member of the Eamon M. Kelly of New Orleans is change turned the focus away from National Academy of Engineering. president of Tulane University. Kelly for its past programmatic britches, pure high-end supercomputing, too important to society and too big He earned his Ph.D. from the is an economist with national and resulting in a change from “super- budgetarily to be contained in a University of California at Los Angeles. international recognition in the fields computing” to “high-performance NSB, established by the NSF Act single initiative or program. The plan of applied economic and health computing.” A proposal by then-Rep. of 1950, has 24 members appointed also represents another step toward development. He earned his doctor- Gore for what was originally con- by the president with the advice and stating explicitly that the main ate from Columbia University. ceived as a national optical fiber consent of the Senate. Members, who of Washington, DC, reason the federal government wants Vera C. Rubin information superhighway was serve six-year rotating terms, are is a research astronomer with the grafted onto the program. This had to fund computing research is that it drawn from industry and universities Department of Terrestrial Magnetism two benefits. For the public and many is critically important to a wide and represent a variety of science and of the Carnegie Institution of politicians, it was a more easily variety of societal goals. engineering disciplines. Washington. She has received understood concept. And its inclu- Not all people concerned with President Clinton nominated numerous awards for her studies of computing research are comfortable seven other new NSB members: sion meant the bill had a strong motions of stars and gas within with this explanation. They suggest John A. Armstrong of Amherst, congressional champion in Al Gore, galaxies, and motions of galaxies in we need a new vision to fuel the next MA, is a former vice president of the universe. She received the who had since moved to the Senate. stage of growth, or political support Science and Technology and member president’s National Medal of In December 1991 the HPC Act for research funding will wilt in the of the Corporate Management Board Science in 1993. passed with four components: at IBM Corp. His expertise is in Robert H. Suzuki of Pomona, CA, systems, software, networking, and heat of the budget battles. There is quantum electronics and laser physics. is president of California Polytechnic basic research and human resources. enough political history to suggest Mary K. Gaillard of Berkeley, CA, University. He has conducted After passage, the program that such a thing might happen. But, is a professor of physics at the research in engineering and educa- continued to evolve. In 1994 the to date, no one has been able to University of California at Berkeley tional sociology and has had a administration added a fifth element, articulate such a new vision, rhetori- and a faculty senior scientist at the distinguished career in both fields. information infrastructure and cally or substantively.

Page 10 September 1996 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS

Professional Opportunities references to ICS Faculty Position, c/o Joy Oregon Graduate Institute of Schuler, Department of Information and Science and Technology Computer Science, University of California, Department of Computer Science Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3425. CRN Advertising Policy and Engineering Application screening will begin immediately Send copy and payment for Professional Opportunities advertisements to upon receipt of curriculum vitae. Maximum The department anticipates a position in the consideration will be given to applications immediate future at the assistant or associate Advertising Coordinator, Computing Research News, 1875 Connecticut received by Dec. 1, 1996. professor level in areas of human language Ave. NW, Suite 718, Washington, DC 20009-5728. Tel. 202-234-2111; The University of California is an equal technology dealing with the design and fax: 202-667-1066; e-mail: [email protected]. E-mail submissions are preferred. opportunity employer, committed to excellence implementation of spoken language dialogue The format of an ad must conform to the following: 1) the first line through diversity. systems. The department is especially interested in researchers with experience and demonstrated must contain the name of the university or organization, 2) the second line University of Waterloo accomplishment in the areas of dialogue and must contain the name of the department or unit and 3) the body of the ad Department of Computer Science natural language understanding. should be in paragraph form. The words in the first two lines are included Applications are invited for chair of the Applicants’ interests must complement in the total word count for the ad. You may request in writing that some Department of Computer Science at the teaching, research and system building efforts at University of Waterloo. The appointment as the Center for Spoken Language Understanding text be set in bold; a bold word in the body of the ad counts as two words. chair is for a four-year term commencing July 1, (http://www.CS&E.ogi.edu/CSLU) and the The rate is $2.25 (US) per word. Purchase orders, money orders and 1997, and is renewable for an additional two-year Center for Human Computer Communication checks are acceptable (please do not send cash). All CRA members receive at term. Candidates should have relevant (http://www.cse.ogi.edu/CHCC). Applicants least 200 free words per dues year. CRA’s standard advertising package consists experience in an academic environment and a should have prior faculty or postdoctoral research strong research record in an area of interest and and teaching experience, although exceptional of running an ad in CRN, sending it to CRA’s [email protected] list and posting it priority within the department. Demonstrated candidates who are anticipating completion of a to CRA’s Jobs Index Web page for two months. As an alternative to this energy, innovation, leadership skills and relevant Ph.D. may also be considered. package, advertisers may request that their Professional Opportunities ads just administrative experience are required, as is a OGI is an independent graduate school with be published in CRN or just distributed electronically. The cost of the ad is the keen interest in leading a strong and active no undergraduate programs. Teaching loads are department. light, but the quality of teaching and research is same whether the standard or the alternative package is selected. The Department of Computer Science, the valued highly. The department currently has 18 Professional Opportunities display ads cost $60 (US) per column inch, largest of the five departments in the Faculty of full-time faculty and 35 doctoral students, and with a two-inch minimum. Ads must be submitted in camera-ready, offset Mathematics, has 45 faculty members, including external research funding approaching $6 million (positives or negatives) or mechanical form. If your ad is larger than three 42 full-time tenured or tenure-track positions, annually. More information can be found at 165 full- and part-time graduate students, and 30 http://www.cse.ogi.edu. inches, please request our Advertising Rate Card. technical and support staff members. The To apply, send a brief description of research Computing Research News is published five times per year: in January, department has a strong history of innovation, interests, the names of at least three references March, May, September and November. Professional Opportunities ads with demonstrated accomplishments in both and a resume with a list of publications to Chair, basic and applied research, and extensive with application deadlines falling within the month of publication of CRN Recruiting Committee, Department of Computer involvement with industry. The department Science and Engineering, Oregon Graduate will not be accepted for publication in CRN unless the ad says applications attracts excellent students at the undergraduate Institute, PO Box 91000, Portland, OR 97291- will be accepted until the position is filled. If the closing date of a Profes- and graduate levels, and prides itself on the 1000. E-mail: [email protected]. strength of its teaching. More information is OGI is an equal opportunity employer and sional Opportunities ad does not correspond with the publication of an available through the department’s Web site: issue of CRN, advertisers can choose the alternative advertising package particularly welcomes applications from women http://math.uwaterloo.ca/CS_Dept. and minority candidates. Appointment is subject and only have the ad distributed electronically. Advertising copy that is to The successful candidate will be appointed to to the availability of funding. appear in CRN must be received at least one month before publication. The a tenured position as professor within the department, with salary at a level commensurate deadline for the November issue is October 1. Ads for electronic distribution Rutgers and Princeton Universities with qualifications experience. The closing date DIMACS Center only may be submitted at any time. for applications is Sept. 30, 1996. DIMACS, the Center for Discrete Mathematics Send curriculum vitae and the names and and Theoretical Computer Science, invites addresses of three references to Professor J.D. applications for several postdoctoral fellowships Texas A&M University, College Station Lewis, Chair, Department of Computer Kalbfleisch, Dean, Faculty of Mathematics, for 1997-98. Department of Computer Science Engineering, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L DIMACS, an NSF Science and Technology The College of Engineering invites nominations CA 95053. Due to the late announcement, 3G1. Center, is a partnership of Rutgers University, and applications for head of the Department of applicants wishing to start in January will be In accordance with Canadian immigration Princeton University, AT&T Research, Bell Computer Science. It seeks an individual to considered. However, preference will be given to requirements, this advertisement is directed to Laboratories and Bellcore. Research and provide high-quality administrative, educational applicants who are available by Sept. 15, 1996; Canadian citizens and permanent residents. The education activities at DIMACS focus on such and research leadership. The position is available such applicants must submit their application by University of Waterloo encourages applications areas as analysis of algorithms, combinatorics, Sept. 1, 1997. Applicants must possess August 31. Applications may be sent electroni- from all qualified individuals, including women, complexity, computational algebra, discrete appropriate credentials and experience. cally via e-mail to [email protected] or by fax to members of visible minorities, native peoples and The Dwight Look College of Engineering, 408-554-5474. persons with disabilities. and computational geometry, discrete highly ranked in national polls, is one of the Santa Clara University is an equal opportu- optimization and graph theory. Outreach nation’s largest engineering colleges. The nity, affirmative action employer; it actively seeks University of Southern California programs are directed to other sciences and Computer Science Department recently the candidacy of women and minorities. industry. Department of Computer Science Postdoctoral fellows work on research in any advanced significantly in quality and size, and the Applications are invited for a tenure-track university is committed to furthering the University of California, Irvine area supported by DIMACS, and have the faculty position in robotics. Candidates should opportunity to collaborate with many visitors and development of quality. The department offers Department of Information and also have an interest and background in related B.S. to Ph.D. degrees in computer science. Computer Science 150 permanent members at the partner sites. areas, such as autonomous agents and other They are encouraged to participate in the Computer engineering degrees are offered in The Department of Information and Computer aspects of artificial intelligence, neural networks, cooperation with the Department of Electrical Science (ICS) invites applications for a tenured research, outreach and educational activities of evolutionary computation, kinematics and the center’s partners. Engineering. The undergraduate programs are position at the full professor level, although dynamics or related areas. CSAB and EAC/ABET accredited, respectively. Applicants with interests in all areas of promising candidates at other levels may also be The Computer Science Department has a There are 28 tenured and tenure-track faculty, discrete mathematics and theoretical computer considered. Research emphases of interest strong and widely recognized research program in six full-time lecturers and six part-time lecturers. science are welcomed. Some postdoctoral include ; digital libraries; human- robotics and intelligent systems, performing There are approximately 1,100 undergraduate fellowships will be in DIMACS-focused research computer interaction studies, techniques and research in such areas as autonomous robots, and 250 graduate students. The current annual areas. Focused areas for 1997-98 will be massive approaches; intelligent information retrieval; robot learning, walking machines, biological funded research volume is $3 million. More data sets, networks and security, mathematical multimedia; networking and communications; models for robotic systems and image under- information may be viewed on the department’s and computational support for molecular biology, visualization; and the study of these technologies standing. The Robotics Research Laboratory of Web page at www.cs.tamu.edu. and simulations. and their effect, including aspects of manage- the Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems Nominations and applications will be Application procedure: The center’s ment, privacy, public policy and security. We are cooperates closely with the Brain Simulation accepted, beginning immediately, until the WWW site http://dimacs.rutgers.edu contains looking for candidates with strong research records Laboratory and other laboratories in the position is filled. Send curriculum vitae and full information about these postdoctoral who would thrive in a highly productive setting. neurosciences. names of at least three references to Dr. John A. positions and should be consulted for Duties include research and undergraduate and The Computer Science Department is ranked Weese, Chair, Search Committee for Computer application information. Applications are due graduate teaching. Applicants must possess a Ph.D. in the top 12 computer science departments Science Head, Engineering Technology Dec. 2, 1996. The ICS Department is an independent nationally. It offers B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees. Department, Texas A&M University, College DIMACS Center, PO Box 1179, Rutgers campus unit reporting to the executive vice Candidates should have a strong research record, Station, TX 77843-3367. Tel. 409-845-4951; fax: University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855-1179. Tel. 908- chancellor. ICS faculty emphasize core computer a vigorous commitment to teaching, and a strong 409-847-9396; e-mail: [email protected]. 445-5928; e-mail: [email protected]. science as well as research in emerging areas of desire and capability to build a sponsored Texas A&M is an affirmative action, equal All partner institutions are affirmative action, the discipline, with effective interdisciplinary ties research program. employment opportunity employer. equal opportunity employers. to colleagues in biology, cognitive science, Applications consisting of a letter of engineering, management, medicine and the application and career goals, a short curriculum Santa Clara University social sciences. The department currently has 29 Computists International Department of Computer Engineering vitae, a list of publications and the names of at full-time faculty and 120 Ph.D. students. The least three references should be sent to the Computists’ Communique The department is pleased to announce a one- ICS Department has research groups in the areas search chair: Professor George Bekey, Computer Weekly e-mail news of M.S./Ph.D. research jobs, year visiting faculty position at the assistant or of algorithms and data structures, artificial Science Department, University of Southern grant competitions, AI theory and practice, associate professor level for the 1996-97 intelligence, computer and distributed systems, California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0781. research software announcements, humor, etc. academic year. Applicants must possess a Ph.D. computer-supported cooperative work, computer USC is an equal opportunity, affirmative Browse http://www.computists.com or request in computer engineering or computer science, systems design, parallel processing, social and action employer. samples from [email protected]. and must be qualified to teach courses in managerial analysis of computing, and software/ software engineering and two or more of the software engineering. following areas: C++ with an emphasis on OOP, UC-Irvine is located in Orange County, three Professional Opportunities ads available on Web graphical user interfaces (X or MS/Windows), miles from the Pacific Ocean near Newport Unix systems programming and Java. Beach and approximately 40 miles south of Los Not all departments and organizations choose to run their Professional Santa Clara University is a private Jesuit Angeles. The campus is situated in the heart of a Opportunities ads in CRN—their ads are only distributed electronically to university located in the heart of Silicon Valley. national center of high-technology enterprise. CRA’s Web site and our jobs mailing list. If you are interested in seeing more The department offers B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. Both the campus and the enterprise area offer degrees, has nine full-time faculty and 40 adjunct exciting professional and cultural opportunities. Professional Opportunities ads, access the Jobs Index Web page at http:// faculty, and serves approximately 120 under- Salaries and benefits are competitive. Mortgage www.cra.org/jobs. If you would like to subscribe to [email protected] so you graduate majors and 400 graduate majors. and housing assistance are available. Housing can read the announcements before they are published in CRN (or see Additional information about the department is options include newly built, for-sale housing available at http://www-comp-eng.scu.edu. located on campus and within short walking the ones that don’t appear in CRN), send the following mail message to Applicants should submit a curriculum vitae distance from the department. [email protected]: subscribe jobs firstname lastname. and the names of three references to Dr. Dan Send resume and contact information for five

Page 11 COMPUTING RESEARCH NEWS September 1996

Technology Update Livermore supercomputer ‘fastest and largest’ BY Fred Weingarten not be left out in the cold, Borchers CRA Staff said. ASC has restructured its President Clinton recently announced Realizing the potential of new supercomputer program of support for national that the Energy Department signed a supercomputer centers (renaming it $93 million contract with IBM Corp. architectures requires fundamental advances in Partnerships for Advanced Scientific to install what is billed as the world’s Computation) and is in the middle of fastest and largest supercomputer at computer science and engineering. a major recompetition among the DOE’s Lawrence Livermore Labora- centers and the restructuring of their tory in California. missions. The president said the new absolute limit on speed. Actual cent of the important role the Energy Thus, it is a difficult time for NSF supercomputer, scheduled to go performance, particularly with new, laboratories played in the 1950s and staff to plan for the future in much online in 1998, will be 300 times experimental architectures, can be 1960s, when they pioneered the detail. However, Borchers did say it more powerful than any in the world. significantly less. development of supercomputer was the specific intent of the partner- Secretary of Energy Hazel O’Leary, in Wimpy qualifications do not technology through developmental ships program to provide researchers a joint press conference held with make for interesting presidential contracts for custom-designed with access to the best computation Jack Gibbons, the presidential sound bites. But they do, in the words machines such as the IBM Stretch, the capabilities available. science adviser, repeated that figure. of Bob Borchers, head of the Na- Univac LARC and the Control Data Cornell officials confirmed they However, supercomputer experts tional Science Foundation’s Ad- 6600. Many historians of technology would be making the new IBM have expressed some doubts about vanced Scientific Computing credit the Stretch design with system a key part of their own the accuracy of that estimate, Division, “create a real challenge and technological advances that formed proposal for renewal. The Cornell suggesting that a decimal place may opportunity for the computing the basis for the IBM 360 series, Supercomputer Center has from the have slipped. The new machine, research community.” He pointed out which appeared a few years later. beginning had a close relationship expected to be rated in the 3 teraflop that realizing the potential of these Although many of those early with IBM and has an RS/6000 SP peak-performance range, is a highly new architectures will require projects were “ground-up” designs, with 512 processors. Mal Kalos, parallel multiprocessor system based fundamental advances in computer this one is much more evolutionary. director of the Cornell Center, also on the RS 6000 architecture. There science and engineering. O’Leary said IBM already had a stressed the need for more fundamen- is at least one RS 6000 SP, located at According to DOE, the project business plan that would have tal computer science research aimed the Cornell Theory Center, rated at “is part of the Department of eventually taken their RS 6000 line at understanding such new, highly more than 130 gigaflop peak perfor- Energy’s Accelerated Strategic to this new level in performance, but sophisticated array architectures. mance. (A “flop,” a common rating Computing Initiative (ASCI), a 10- on a slower schedule. DOE funding, An important trend in high- of supercomputer speed, is one year, $1 billion program designed to she said, would allow IBM to bring performance computing, identified in numerical operation per second. A deliver tera-scale…computing the machine to market much more NSF and Computer Science and teraflop is one trillion operations per capability.” That program began last quickly. Technology Board studies that led up second.) year with a contract for Intel Corp. to Missing from the announcement to the recompetition, has been an According to IBM’s press release, deliver a 1.8 teraflop machine to was any reference to the High- increased blurring of the boundaries the new computer will use “a Sandia Laboratory in New Mexico. Performance Computing and Com- between computer science and building-block approach to high- The next three planned contracts munication program, the coordinated engineering and computational performance computing, in which the after the one just announced with multiagency research program. This science, and a greater need for the system consists of clusters of shared- IBM will be for a 10 teraflop, a 30 raises the question whether these supercomputer centers to interact memory processors. There will be teraflop and a 100 teraflop machine. new architectures would be directed with the broader computing research staged delivery of the system, with Livermore’s IBM supercomputer mainly at weapons applications. But community. In recognition of this the initial components due at is specifically intended to be used for John Toole, director of the National growing mutual interest, NSF’s Livermore by the end of September nuclear weapons design and test Coordinator’s Office, said that there recompetition notice included the 1996. The production model, a 3 simulation; however, the president has been “high-bandwidth communi- requirement that the center “enable teraflop system, is scheduled for pointed out its wider potential cation” between DOE and the other interdisciplinary partnerships among demonstration in December 1998.” applicability to civilian R&D. agencies participating in HPCC and the academic computer science, Whether those speeds actually O’Leary, in her press conference, said its successor programs. He said he mathematics and computational will be obtained is another matter. As the computer could be converted expected these new machines to have science research communities.” Most designers and users of high-perfor- from highly classified applications to a big impact on federal computing supercomputer center proposals are mance computers well know, peak fundamental civilian research research and computational science. expected to include such partnership performance is an even trickier applications in about an hour. Civilian researchers craving arrangements with academic com- metric because it refers to the The announcement was reminis- access to such computing power will puter science programs.

CRA-W from Page 4 women for ACM Fellow, five of which were awarded (nine of 53 SIAM looks at math applications committees and by CRA-W itself to ACM Fellowships were awarded to The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics recently released the generate lists of women to be women). In the previous year, only SIAM Report on Mathematics in Industry. The following is the report’s conclu- nominated for awards. two of the 54 ACM Fellows were sions section: • Combining Family and Work women. A substantial part of this report has explored the applications of mathemat- pamphlets (Mary Vernon, University • CRA-W Web site (Ann Redelfs, ics in industry, business and government as well as many aspects of nonaca- of Wisconsin at Madison): The first San Diego Supercomputer Center; demic careers for mathematicians. These topics have quite recently received in a series of planned pamphlets great attention in the mathematics community because of their relationship Fran Berman, University of California discussing issues related to careers with two phenomena: the current crisis in the academic job market and the at San Diego): CRA-W has built a and family is a report describing perceived sharpened attention of US funding agencies to work on applications. Web site for distribution of informa- experiences and pointers on combin- In some instances, discussion of applications and nonacademic jobs conveys tion about committee programs and ing careers and family. grudging acceptance of unpleasant necessities that will, if all goes well, pass projects as well as other links of away; then the mathematics community can return to business as usual. • Promoting women for important interest for women in science and The Mathematics in Industry Steering Committee emphatically does not prizes, editorships and other prestigious engineering. A link can also be found take this view. Even if the academic job market improves and funding pressure positions (Mary Jane Irwin, Pennsylva- for a Web version of the careers eases, we are convinced that mathematics and mathematicians should change nia State University): The committee booklet. Other CRA-W publications permanently along the lines indicated in our multiplicity of suggestions. We also regularly informs women in CS&E will be added soon. believe that the traits valued in nonacademic mathematicians are important (using Systers Academia) about and worthwhile in a far wider context. various awards open to them and the Berman is a professor of computer Throughout the history of mathematics, ideas and inspiration have flowed steps necessary to apply for such science and engineering at the Univer- strongly in both directions between mathematics and applications. Nonaca- positions. Eligible and deserving sity of California at San Diego. She also demic applications offer opportunities not simply for mathematicians to solve women are often completely unaware is Senior Fellow at the San Diego practical problems, but to enrich and deepen mathematics as well as a wide of the processes involved and the fact Supercomputer Center. variety of other fields, including science, engineering, medicine and business. that they often have to initiate the Irwin is a professor of computer science To receive a copy of the report, contact SIAM, 3600 University City Science Center, process themselves. This past year and engineering at Pennsylvania State Philadelphia, PA 19104-2688. Tel. 215-382-9800; e-mail: [email protected]; URL: the committee nominated seven University. http://www.siam.org.

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