New Steps Taken by Universities to Enhance Science-Industry

New steps taken by universities to enhance science-industry collaboration Changed the national project system to accommodate long-range research projects smoothly Established a center for cooperation - Research Park/Consortium in universities - TLO and incubation facilities for start-ups Changed working conditions for national university professors to make supporting industries easier Changed disciplines and curricula to fill the needs of society All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2000, Hitachi, Ltd. TLOs in Japan

14 TLOs were Established between 1998 June 2000 Tohoku Techno-Arch CASTI (Tokyo University) Kansai TLO Nihon University Waseda University Tsukuba University Tokyo Institute of Technology Keio University • • • • •

- Attempts to create new seeds for the future business - New breakthrough technologies/concepts - Collaboration undertaken using the framework of national projects in advanced, interdisciplinary, and essential subjects which require world-wide cooperation

1975 Proposal of fundamental principle by Dr. Shun-ichi Iwasaki, Emeritus professor of Tohoku University 1977 Experimental verification using single-pole perpendicular head and two layered magnetic media Development of Quarter-micron-track-width SPT writer High resolution/high-sensitivity GMR reader Low noise/thermally stable double-layered medium Signal processing suitable for perpendicular recording channel Recording density over 52.5 Gb/inch 2 was realized 2000, April World first announcement of “Perpendicular magnetic recording system” Best Award

recordingrecording densitydensity ofof hardhard diskdisk drivedrive MagneticMagnetic HeadHead ) 2 Track width : 200 nm

Shield Spacing : 80 nm Limit of longitudinal recording RecordedRecorded BitBit PatternsPatterns (MFM)(MFM)

Recording density (Gb/in density Recording Production year 52.5 Gbit / in2 7.5 7.5 m • Concept originated by Dr. Shun-ichi Iwasaki, Emeritus professor of Tohoku University • Best Award, PerpendicularPerpendicular recordingrecording All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2000, Hitachi, Ltd. Organization of Hitachi Europe, Ltd.

Hitachi Europe Ltd. Embedded laboratory Corporate Hitachi Cambridge Lab. (Cambridge) Technology Group Microelectronics Cambridge University

Managing Strategic Planning Hitachi Dublin Lab. (Dublin) Director Group Bioinformatics Trinity College Dublin Intellectual Property HQ Group Hitachi Design Group Europe (Milan) Business Divisions Industrial Designers in Munich

... Design and Milan

CambridgeCambridge UniversityUniversity CavendishCavendish LaboratoryLaboratory

HitachiHitachi EuropeEurope Ltd.Ltd. HitachiHitachi CambridgeCambridge Lab.Lab.

PLEDM transistor (experimental) High speed high density as DRAM Collaborating members of Hitachi Cambridge + Nonvolatile as Flash memory Laboratory and Cavendish Laboratory of Cambridge University

All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2000, Hitachi, Ltd. EU ESPRIT Programme FASEM (Fabrication and Architecture of Single Electron Memories) IMEC HCL Peripheral Memory cell structure CMOS circuit & architecture LETI Exeter SOI wafers Modelling CU/MRC TU Silicon SETs SOISETs CNRS/L2M Fabrication IMEL Metal CNRS/GPEC Ion-implanted SETs nanocrystals STM assisted silicon islands

c Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory Japanese universities are again being expected to develop new industries again! Before World War II: Greater emphasis on industrial applications for university inventions, contributing to new industrial growth e.g. Tohoku University: Yagi antenna, KS magnet, Takei Ferrite Establishment of RIKEN Several universities have continued transferring seeds to industry New frameworks are being developed - Incubation center or research consortiums beside universities - Deregulation, such as an expansion of working freedom for national university professors to assist start-ups - New academic curricula to teach entrepreneur how to start new companies All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2000, Hitachi, Ltd. Tokyo Institute of Technology: an example Contributing to create new businesses Ex. Optical communication, Ferrite and magnetic tape, Quartz crystal oscillator, Vitamin B2, …

Established on campus Frontier Collaborative Research Center TLO (Sales patents) Venture Business Lab (Assisting start-ups. Dean of School of Engineering is automatically assigned Director)

A City with a long history and a traditional culture but also with an entrepreneurial spirit

Some “Japanese firsts”: ex. Water power plant, municipal streetcar, movie theater, central wholesale market, municipally owned orchestra, international conference hall, …

Some companies born in the Kyoto area: (along Kyoto’s “5th Avenue”) ex. Kyocera, Horiba, Omron, Murata, Shimadzu, Wacoal, Suntory, Nintendo, …

A City with a long history and a traditional culture but also with an entrepreneurial spirit An example of new movement:

“Kyoto Research Park” (established in 1987) - Incubation center : 130 venture companies, 2400 peoples (as of February 2000) - TLO for 30 prestigious universities in Kansai area : 442 researchers, 60patents/year All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2000, Hitachi, Ltd. Hitachi itself was a venture company when it established!

Founded in 1910

The first product of Hitachi

As of March 2000 Total Employees: 337,911 (1% of Japan population, employee families included) Net Sales: 8,001 Billion Yen (65,929 M$, approximately 1.6% of Japanese GDP) Affiliated Companies: 1,047 Companies

☛ Benefits for Industry • Ability to commission basic & fundamental research, and concentrate in-house resources for research closer to business • Improvements research speed and quality through expanded research resources • Access to a diverse range of knowledge especially in high-risk or interdisciplinary research area

☛ Benefits to Universities • An expanded source of research funding • Discovery of new research topics based on needs of society • Creation of new disciplines to meet the needs of society • Ability to directly contribute to society • Better assessment of R&D results due to external evaluation