DOCSLIB.ORG

00102C 19841122 C06629554

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
00102C 19841122 C06629554 C06629554 7 ·(o)(1-).___ ·(oJ(1J-.... ~_._.,._~\J.._ •- ~+:~ ~t .----....~.< !::!.b .u)C~3 J)_ uN!.!:!a~tS~e~e~-A~c~t ---, Document ~_ ________ ....J S"ubj ect: SOIC BRIEFING PAPERC 0588J MIDB D COMET 8 41102 IL-------::=----71 1 12 UPID ............. /.3A/- -··--•D * .... -······ T~RET FRP: (b)(1) (b)(1) (b )(3 Seco.kL_ ______L .n.u,.2LI\I,.,:ill;..a.a.LL<=------L.-------'--. i(b)(1) (b)(3) NatSecAct ---- --- ----~: - ~~~-- (b)(1)·--------- ;~~~-~~~ ---------- -- --- - - -- -- - - -------~(~)(~) ____ ____ __________ - ~~ !~~!-~-~~~~~~~~~ - ~~~-~~- ..._ ---- ----____ ---- ___ ._ {g){3)~~E T .·.... (b)(1) (b)(3) NatSecAct SUBJECT: SO IC BRIEFING PAPER 1 . FOLLOWING IS BRIEFING PAPER FOR PERIOD 5-10 OCT 84 . THis PAPER Is · FoR I 1-r NTERNro.··usin;m.v:···(b )(1) GUERRILLA ACTIVITY DECREASED SIGNIFIC~)~~~~~J\Ct WEEKS OF HIGH LEVEL ACTIVITY. ACTIVITY REMAINED HIGH ONLY IN THE SAN VICENTE AND USULUTAN DEPARTMENTS. ACTIVITY IN CUSCATLAN, SAN SALVADOR, MORAZAN, AND NORTHERN LA UNION DEPARTMENTS DROPPED. ACTIVITY IN EASTERN CHALATENANGO DEPARTMENT WAS DUE TO GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS IN THE AREA. NEW ACTIVITY EMERGED IN THE FORM OF PROPAGANDA ACTION IN THE NORTHERN PORTION OF SANTA ANA DEPARTMENT, AND WITH THE MOVEMENT OF GUERRILLAS BACK INTO THE CERRO SAN PEDRO CAMP SYSTEM. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GUERRILLA TARGETS, HOWEVER, REMAIN THE SAME AS FOR THE LAST THREE REPORTING PERIODS WITH NO NEW ADDITIONAL TARGETS. RESUPPLY ACTIVITY, THAT RESUMED WITH THE QUARTER MOON ON THE FIRST OF OCTOBER, CONTINUED ALONG THE SALVADORAN COAST FROM THE LEMPA RIVER TO THE GULF OF FONSECA . SEA DELIVERY WAS EXPECTED BETWEEN THE 6-10 OCTOBER TIME FRAME. AIR ACTIVITY WAS NOTED FROM THE 2ND OF OCTOBER IN SANTA. ANA DEP~TMENT, LA PAZ DEPARTMENT AND USULUTAN DEPARTMENT. ANALYST COMMENT: FOUR SIGNIFICANT CHANGES HAVE EMERGED OVER THE LAST EIGHT REPORTING PERIODS AND FIVE OVER THE LAST YEAR . DURING THE LAST YEAR FIVE CHANGES WITHIN THE SALVADORAN MILITARY AND ONE IN THE POLITICAL SPHERE HAVE LED TO THE PRESENT ,GOVERNMENT ADVANTAGE. WHETHER THIS ADVANTAGE WILL CONTINUE, I AM NOT SURE. THE FIVE MILITARY CHANGES HAVE ALLOWED THE SALVADORAN MILITARY TO CONDUCT A MORE COHESIVE, LOGICAL, AND SUCCESSFUL MI LITARY CAMPAIGN. WITH THE APPOINTMENT OF COL. BLANDON AS CHIEF OF STAFF, MILITARY RESPONSE TO THE GUERRILLA PROBLEM HAS TURNED FROM KNEE .(b)O) JERK REACTION TO ONE OF GOOD USE OF INTELLIGENCE DATA TO RUN (b )(3}C!Mct GOVERNMENT SWEEP OPERATIONS IN THE PROPER AREAS, TO RESPOND TO (b)(3) Nal:S~cJ\ct ·-. C06629554 GUERRILLA ATTACKS WITH TH~ PROPER NUMBER AND TYPE OF TROOPS, TO MAINTAIN , TRAIN, AND EQUIP THE MILITARY FORCES, TO RAISE MORALE, AND KEEP HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS TO A MINIMUM. THE OTHER CHANGES THAT OCCURRED IN THE MILITARY WERE: CONTINUOUS GOVERNMENT SWEEP OPERATIONS WITH ONLY ONE TO TWO WEEKS DOWN FOR TROOPS . THIS HAS REDUCED TROOP TIME IN GARRISONS, AND GIVEN THE TROOPS VALUABLE FIELD EXPERIENCE. TWO, USE OF THE PRAALS HAS NOT ONLY PRODUCED GOOD INTELL C_ FORMATION BUT HAS ··············································(-b·)-(... ). CONFUSED THE GUERRILLAS AS TO THE L......---' A"RM"OF"-O"PERATION·s;·------ 1 CAPABILITIES, AND NUMBER. THE PRAALS ALSO SEEM NOT TO BE (b )(3) NatSeCACt PENETRATED. THREE, DNI INFORMATION, WITH THE ACQUISITION OF A COMPUTER, HAS TRIPLED THE NUMBER OF INTELLIGENCE DATA REPORTS TO THE ESTADO MAYOR AND THIS AGENCY. THIS INFORMATION HAS BEEN ACTED UPON. FOUR, THE NAVY HAS FINALLY JOINED THE WAR EFFORT, ALBEIT IN LIMITED FASHION, PROVIDING SOME CAPABILITY ON THE PART OF THE GOVERNMENT TO RUN ACTIONS IN THE JUCARAN TRIANGLE AREA . THE POLITICAL CHANGE THAT OCCURRED WAS THAT DUARTE GAINED INTERNATIONAL LEGITIMACY AND RECOGNITION. OVER THE LAST EIGHT WEEKS THE CHANGE OF COMMANDERS IN CHALATENANGO DEPARTMENT HAS DECIDEDLY BEEN FOR THE BETTER. GUERRILLAS IN THE CHALATENANGO AREA HAVE RESPONDED THE SAME WAY THE GUERRILLAS DID IN MORAZAN AND NORTHERN SAN MIGUEL WITH THE APPOINTMENT OF MONTERROSA. WE HAVE SEEN, IN ALL THE REPORTING . SOURCES, A DECIDED DROP IN MORALE LEADING TO NUMEROUS DESERTIONS, DISRUPTED RESUPPLY CORRIDORS, AND A MOVEMENT ON THE PART OF THE GUERRILLAS TO SANCTUARIES AWAY FROM HARD TARGETS TO AVOID CONFRONTATION WITH THE GOVERNMENT TROOPS . THIS MOVEMENT HAS BEEN TO CONTESTED AREAS OF THE HONDURAN/SALVADORAN BORDER WHERE THE GUERRILLAS FEEL THEY WILL BE INACCESSIBLE TO GOVERNMENT TROOPS. THIS DISRUPTION OF GUERRILLA ACTIVITY HAS . OCCURRED WHERE EFFECTIVE COMMANDERS ARE USING GOOD INTELLIGENCE DATA AND RUNNING CONTINUOUS SWEEP OPERATIONS IN THE RIGHT AREAS . THIS, IN TURN, HAS LED TO A GUERRILLA RETURN TO TERRORIST ACTIONS IN SMALL NUMBERS BELOW BATTALION STRENGTH AND LOW LEVEL ACTIVITY FOR NINE OUT OF TWELVE WEEKS WITH NO MAJOR TARGETS HIT. IF A CHANGE OF COMMANDERS, LIKE THOSE MADE IN MORAZAN WITH MONTERROSA AND IN CHALATENANGO WITH OCHOA, COULD BE MADE IN USULUTAN AND SAN VICENTE, I THINK THE SALVADORAN MILITARY COULD CONTAIN THE GUERRILLA PROBLEM. THE PROBLEM WILL ALWAYS BE THERE, BUT IT COULD BE CONTAINED AND THE GOVERNMENT COULD THEN TURN TO RESTORING THE ECONOMY. HOWEVER, THREE OTHER CHANGES SEEM TO BE EMERGING AND I AM NOT SURE WHAT THEIR RESULT WILL BE . -THE REACTIVATION OF THE WESTERN FRONT WITH A REACTIVATION OF THE GUATEMALAN RESUPPLY LINES TO EL SALVADOR WILL CREATE A NEW PROBLEM FOR THE GOVERNMENT. -HONDURAS SEEMS TO BE UNDERGOING A CHANGE IN ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE UNITED STATES . THIS , COUPLED WITH WHAT SEEMS TO BE AN INADEQUATE PERCEPTION ON THEIR PART AS TO THE GUERRILLA PROBLEM ALONG THE SALVADORAN BORDER, AND THEIR INABI LITY TO RESPOND TO INTELLIGENCE DATA, LEAVES THE SALVADORAN GUERRILLAS WITH SANCTUARIES IN WHICH TO CONTINUE TO REGROUP, RESUPPLY, AND CONCENTRATE. AS HAS BEEN SEEN WITH THE GOVERNMENT SWEEP OPERATIONS AND PROPER USE OF INTELLIGENCE DATA, THE GUERRILLAS CANNOT BE ALLOWED TO CONCENTRATE IN LARGE NUMBERS IN INACCESSIBLE AREAS. - THE CONTADORA PROPOSAL AND DUARTE'S U.N. SPEECH ARE TIED, I THINK, TO REPORTING FROM THE LAST EIGHT WEEKS . SOME OF THIS REPORTING I HESITATED USING AT THE TIME AND SOME OF IT LOOKED DUBIOUS AT BEST. HOWEVER, AFTER REVIEWING THE MATERIAL, SOME C06629554 TO~RET 7 GENERAL THEMES SEEM TO BE EMERGING. WITH DUARTE GAINING INTERNATIONAL LEGITIMACY, THE GUERRILLAS SEEM TO BE TURNING TO A REACTIVATION OF THE LABOR FRONT. THIS IS TO BE DONE IN ORDER TO REGAIN DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN SUPPORT BY AROUSING DISSATISFACTION WITH ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE. THEY VIEW THIS AS A KEY VULNERABILITY OF DUARTE'S GOVERNMENT. I ]-RBP0RT-:ENG--0F--A--PeES··STUDY--oN -THE--ECONOJI'!Y ' "INDTCATE"S"' ...... (b)( 1) THAT THE PCES URGED THE GUERRILLAS TO ACCEPT NEGOTIATIONS WITH DUARTE BECAUSE THE GUERRILLAS' MILITARY COMPONENT COULD NOT WIN (b)(3) NatSecAct AN OVERALL VICTORY AND IF GUERRILLA OPERATIONS CONTINUED AGAINST ECONOMIC TARGETS, THE ECONOMY WILL EVENTUALLY BE OF LITTLE USE TO EITHER THE RIGHT OR THE LEFT. THE PCES STUDY PROPOSED THE FOLLOWING PLAN: - USE INTERNATIONAL PRESIDENTS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS TO URGE DUARTE TO NEGO TIATE WITH THE GUERRILLAS. (WE HAVE SEEN THIS HAPPEN IN THE DISCUSSION WITH DUARTE AND BETANCUR FROM COLUMBIA.) - USE HUMINITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS TO URGE DUARTE TO NEGOTIATE. - USE INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATIONS TO PRESSURE DUARTE TO NEGOTIATE. THIS WE SEE HAPPENING WITH THE SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENT IN THE LA PALMA MEETING, AND A SHIFT OF EMPHASIS OF THE PART OF THE GUERRILLAS TO INTERNAL LABOR ORGANIZATIONS. - USE MAJOR INTERNATIONAL CHURCH OFFICIALS TO PERSUADE DUARTE . ONCE THE NEGOTIATIONS BEGIN HOWEVER, THE~ --~~~Q . SETTL"E· ·· (b)(1) ONLY FOR POWER SHARING AS THE BAS~~-- ~9-~ - AGR-EEMENT · lb)(3) N tS A t ,-----------..nUT'tALLY SHELVED, INDICATED THA'!\ a 9C C THE NICARAGUAN MILITARY AID TO THE SALVADORAN GUERRILLAS WOmJ) ... BE CUT BECAUSE OF NICARAGUAN AGREEMENT ~J:tli-T-HE · CONTADORA_____ (b)(1) . GROUP. AN ADDIT ION .R£PORT ' t NDICATED THAT THE GUERRILLAS (b)(3) NatSecAct WERE UNHAPPY BECAUSE THE NICARAGUANS HAD NOT CONSULTED WITH THE GUERRILLAS PRIOR TO THE FINAL DRAFT OF THE CONTADORA PAPER . THEY FELT THEY HAD BEEN SHUT OUT . THIS COULD ACCOUNT FOR THE SHIFT OF RESUPPLY TO THE GUATEMALAN BORDER WITH EL SALVADOR. ALSO, THE FMLN STRUCTURE HAS BEEN ON UNEASY FOOTING WITH THE NICARAGUANS SINCE THE U.S. INVASION OF GRENADA WITH SOME ELEMENTS MOVING TO MEXICO CITY. THE SALVADORAN GUERRILLAS+ EVALUATION OF THE CONTADORA AGREEMENT PUTS MEXICO, VENEZUELA, HONDURAS AND GUATEMALA IN THE UNUSABLE CATEGORY: MEXICO, BECAUSE THEY FEEL IT IS MOVING UNDER THE SWAY OF THE U.S. AND IS BECOMING MORE RIGHT WING; GUATEMALA, BECAUSE THEIR ECONOMY IS OKAY AND THEY PREFER NOT TO HAVE U.S . INVOLVEMENT IN THEIR COUNTRY; HONDURAS THEY FEEL IS UNDERGOING A POLITICAL CHANGE AWAY FROM THE U.S., BUT IS STILL RIGHT WING. VENEZUELA, THEY FEEL, IS TIED UP WITH ITS OWN INTERNAL POLITICS AND IS ALSO MOVING TO THE RIGHT. HOWEVER, THE GUERRILLAS FEEL THAT WITH THE NEW BARLETTA GOVERNMENT IN PANAMA, PANAMA CAN BE USED AS A BRIDGE AND A MEDIATOR IN NEGOTIATIONS WITH DUARTE. COLUMBIA, BECAUSE OF BETANCUR, COULD BE USED PUBLICLY AND HE IS A GOOD IMAGE MEDIATOR. THE FINAL PIECE OF INFORMATION ALSO DISMISSED AT FIRST, . WA k--.;;-;;;---..==-----=-==:--:;:-:-::--::-::-:=::---7'-======-=~ ·REFIORTiNG-- (b)( 1 ) THAT THE CUBAN PRE SIDENT HAD ISSUED A STATEMENT THROUGH A (b)(3) NatSecAct RELIABLE EMISSARY URGING DUARTE TO NEGOTIATE WITH THE GUERRILLAS . WHAT EMERGED, OF INTEREST, WAS DUARTE 1 S RE'SPONSE IDENTICAL TO THE U.N. SPEECH HE MADE LAST MONDAY. C06629554 TO~ RET 7 I AM UNSURE WHERE ALL OF THE ABOVE WILL LEAD, BUT I AM SEEING A SUBTLE CHANGE ON THE PART OF THE GUERRILLAS ON THE BATTLEFIELD, IN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES, AND IN RESUPPLY. THIS COULD BE AN EFFORT TO ENTER NEGOTIATIONS WITH DUARTE ON A MORE EVEN FOOTING, OR IT MAY BY AN AWARENESS THAT NEGOTIATIONS USUALLY DO NOT BENEFIT THE HOST GOVERNMENT BUT THEY DO BUY TIME FOR THE GUERRILLAS TO WAIT OUT EVENTS THAT ARE UNFAVORABLE TO THEM.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Global Environment Facility Investing in Our Planet
    •gef GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY INVESTING IN OUR PLANET Naoko Ishii CEO and Chairperson April17, 2014 Dear LDCF /SCCF Council Member: FAO as the Implementing Agency for the project entitled: El Salvador: Climate Change Adaptation to Reduce Land Degradation in Fragile Micro-Watersheds Located in the Municipalities of Texistepeque and Candelaria de Ia Frontera~. has submitted the attached proposed project document for CEO endorsement prior to final approval of the project document in accordance with F AO procedures. The Secretariat has reviewed the project document. It is consistent with the proposal approved by Council in November 2011 and the proposed project remains consistent with the Instrument and GEF policies and procedures. The attached explanation prepared by F AO satisfactorily details how Council's comments and those ofthe STAP have been addressed. I am, therefore, endorsing the project document. We have today posted the proposed project document on the GEF website at www.TheGEF.org. If you do not have access to the Web, you may request the local field office ofUNDP or the World Bank to download the document for you. Alternatively, you may request a copy of the document from the Secretariat. If you make such a request, please confirm for us your current mailing address. Sincerely, . D~ fNaoko Ishii Attachment: Project Document Copy to: Country Operational Focal Point, GEF Agencies, STAP, Trustee 1818 H Street, NW • Washington, DC 20433 • USA Tel: +1 (202) 473 3202- Fax: +1 (202) 522 3240 E-mail: [email protected] www.thegef.org
    [Show full text]
  • (Br ""·"' (B)(3) Natsecact
    C06629555 TOP,.st:CRer 7 \(b)(1) f.D-1&.....<-\~:>L_....,ecAct SOIC BRIEFING PAPER 12-16 OCTOBER 1984C MIDB D COMET 841105 1 12 UPID _.. J~~L - -- 1._ _ _, (b)(1) ~ET FRP: (b)(1·) (b)(3) NatSecAct ( (b)(1) (br ""·"' (b )(3) NatSecAct ------------- -- ---- ----- ----------------------------- ---------- --- ---------- / (b)(1) (b)(3) NatSecAct SUBJECT: SOIC BRIEFING PAPER 12-16 OCTOBER 1984 1. INFORMATION IN THIS REPORT IS THE UNCOORDINATED WORK OF ONE ANALYST WI THIN THE SOIC AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED AS AN OFFICIAL POSITION. THIS PRODUCT IS TO BE USED UITHIN '----~ -QNLY:· ·· (b)(1) 2 _ s~~(3) NatSecAct GUERRILLA ACTIVITY INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY IN USULUTAN AND SAN VICENTE DEPARTMENTS . GUERRILLA ACTIVITY REMAINED AT ITS USUAL LEVELS IN SAN SALVADOR DEPARTMENT AND CUSCATLAN. GUERRILLA ACTIVITY UAS BELOW NORMAL FOR MORAZAN AND CHALATENANGO. DECREASED ACTIVITY IN CHALATENANGO WAS PROBABLY DUE TO THE LA PALMA CONFERENCE. THE NEW GUERRILLA ACTIVITY APPEARED TO BE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ERP BRAZ UNITS BASED IN THE TIERRA BLANA AND CERRO EL TIGRE AREAS OF USULUTAN DEP~~-~~:... 1. .................... - ··j'-···(b )( ) ··"THE ' WlQUE TYPES OF TRANSMISSION 1 ._A_C--::T=I=v=IT=y=--=u-=su=ALc=-::-LY::-::-:A:-::Sc::S-:-OC:::I:-:-A-::T-::--'ED WITH A COMMENCEMENT OF HEAVY (b )(3) NatSecACt OFFENSIVE ACTIONS WERE NOTED IN THE LAST REPORTING PERIOD. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GUERRILLA TARGETS REMAIN ESSENTIALLY THE SAME WITH THE ADDITION OF SAN BATOLOME PERULAPIA, SAN PEDRO PERULAPAN NORTHEAST OF SAN MARTIN, AND THE MILITARY POSITION WEST OF EL PORVENIR IN SANTA ANA DEPARTMENT . THE ATTACK, ORIGINALLY SCHEDULED FOR 15 SEPTEMBER AGAINST SAN MARTIN, HAS PROBABLY BEE' MOVED FORWARD TO 15 NOVEMBER .
    [Show full text]
  • State Violence and Revolution: Lessons from El Salvador Umass Amherst Thursday, September 13, 2018
    State Violence and Revolution: Lessons from El Salvador UMass Amherst Thursday, September 13, 2018 Featuring: Carlos Henríquez Consalvi (“Santiago”), voice of the FMLN guerrilla radio, Radio Venceremos, during the Salvadoran Civil War (1981-1992), and current director of the Museum of the Word and the Image in San Salvador Rosa Rivera Rivera, former organizer for the Union of Farm Workers (UTC) in the 1970s, and co-founder of the Living Memory Committee in Arcatao, El Salvador Diana Sierra Becerra, organizer with the Pioneer Valley Workers Center and postdoctoral fellow with the National Domestic Workers Alliance [Transcript]: KEVIN YOUNG: Good evening. My name is Kevin Young and I’m an Assistant Professor of History at UMass Amherst. This is the second event of the History department’s 2018 Feinberg Family Distinguished Lecture Series, which is organized around the theme Another World Is Possible: Revolutionary Visions, Past and Present. The series is possible through the generosity of an alumnus of the History department, Kenneth R. Feinberg, and through the support of more than three dozen community and university partners. Before introducing our first speaker, I’d like to give a few basic facts about the Salvadoran Civil War. The war began officially in 1981 and ended with the 1992 Peace Accords. Around 75,000 people died, the vast majority of whom were killed by the Salvadoran government and a network of right-wing death squads, funded and trained by the U.S. government. According to the 1993 UN Truth Commission report, the regime and the right-wing paramilitaries committed 85% of the violence, against 5% committed by the leftist guerrillas.
    [Show full text]
  • International Health Regulations / Règlement
    Where to obtain the WER through Internet Comment accéder au REH sur Internet? (1) WHO WWW SERVER: Use WWW navigation software to 1) Par le serveur Web de l’OMS: A l’aide de votre logiciel connect to the WER pages at the following address: de navigation WWW, connectez-vous à la page d’accueil http://www.who.int/wer/ du REH à l’adresse suivante: http://www.who.int/wer/ (2) E-MAIL LIST: An automatic service is available for re- 2) Par courrier électronique: Un service automatique de distribution ceiving notification of the contents of the WER and du sommaire du REH et de brefs bulletins épidémiologiques est short epidemiological bulletins. To subscribe, send disponible par courrier électronique. Pour s’abonner à ce service, an e-mail message to [email protected]. The il suffit d’envoyer un message à l’adresse suivante: subject field may be left blank and the body [email protected]. Le champ «Objet» peut être laissé vide of the message should contain only the line subscribe et, dans le corps du message, il suffit de taper subscribe wer-reh. wer-reh. Subscribers will be sent a copy of the table of Les abonnés recevront chaque semaine une copie du sommaire du contents of the WER automatically each week, together with REH, ainsi que d’autres informations susceptibles de les intéresser. other items of interest. Health administrations are reminded that under the provisions of Article 3 Il est rappelé aux administrations sanitaires qu’aux termes de l’article 3 du Règle- of the International Health Regulations they should notify the Organization ment sanitaire international elles doivent adresser une notification à l’Organisation within 24 hours of being informed that the first case of a disease subject dans les 24 heures, dès qu’elles sont informées qu’un premier cas d’une maladie to the Regulations has occurred in their territory.
    [Show full text]
  • El Salvador: Update on Fighting & Rebel Sabotage, November 6 - 21 Deborah Tyroler
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiCen Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 11-22-1991 El Salvador: Update On Fighting & Rebel Sabotage, November 6 - 21 Deborah Tyroler Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/noticen Recommended Citation Tyroler, Deborah. "El Salvador: Update On Fighting & Rebel Sabotage, November 6 - 21." (1991). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ noticen/6737 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiCen by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 063960 ISSN: 1089-1560 El Salvador: Update On Fighting &amp; Rebel Sabotage, November 6 - 21 by Deborah Tyroler Category/Department: General Published: Friday, November 22, 1991 Nov. 6: The armed forces press office (COPREFA) reported two Farabundo Marti Liberation Front (FMLN) rebels killed, and nine rebels and two soldiers wounded at Rosario, Cuscatlan department. Next, one national police officer was killed and four wounded at Apopa, San Salvador department. Five rebels were wounded at Tejuteque, Cabanas department. In addition, one rebel and one soldier were killed, and three soldiers wounded at Santiago de Maria, Usulutan department. Rebels attacked a power substation in Nuevo Cuscatlan, La Libertad department, causing severe material damage and wounding two soldiers. One soldier was wounded at Villa Victoria, Cabanas. In addition, one civilian was injured at Osicala, Morazan. Radio Farabundo Marti reported 20 troop casualties at Santiago de Maria, Usulutan department. Nov. 7: According to COPREFA, one soldier was killed and six wounded during clashes in Cuscatlan, San Vicente, and La Union departments.
    [Show full text]
  • Serrano-Cruz Sisters V. El Salvador
    Inter-American Court of Human Rights Case of the Serrano-Cruz Sisters v. El Salvador Judgment of March 1, 2005 (Merits, Reparations and Costs) In the Case of the Serrano Cruz Sisters , the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (hereinafter “the Inter-American Court” or “the Court”), composed of the following judges ∗: Sergio García Ramírez, President Alirio Abreu Burelli, Vice President Oliver Jackman, Judge Antônio A. Cançado Trindade, Judge Cecilia Medina Quiroga, Judge Manuel E. Ventura Robles, Judge, and Alejandro Montiel Argüello, Judge ad hoc ; also present, Pablo Saavedra Alessandri, Secretary, and Emilia Segares Rodríguez, Deputy Secretary; pursuant to Article 63(1) of the American Convention on Human Rights (hereinafter “the Convention” or “the American Convention”) and Articles 29, 31, 56 and 58 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court (hereinafter “the Rules of Procedure”), 1 delivers this judgment. I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE 1. On June 14, 2003, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 50 and 61 of the American Convention, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (hereinafter “the Commission” or “the Inter-American Commission”) filed an application against the State of El Salvador (hereinafter “the State” or “El Salvador”) before the Court, originating from petition No. 12,132, received by the Secretariat of ∗ Judge Diego García-Sayán excused himself from hearing this case in accordance with Articles 19(2) of the Court’s Statute and 19 of its Rules of Procedure. 1 This judgment is delivered under the Rules of Procedure adopted by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights at its forty-ninth regular session in an order of November 24, 2000, which entered into force on June 1, 2001, and under the partial reform adopted by the Court at its sixty-first regular session by an order of November 25, 2003, in force since January 1, 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiologic Studies of Chagas' Disease in El Salvador Have
    CHAGAS’ DISEASE IN EL SALVADOR’ 1 2 Rafael A. CediIlos, M.D.3 Epidemiologic studies of Chagas’ disease in El Salvador have indicated the extent of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in var- ious areas studied and the disease’s probable public health im- portance. Manifestations of both the acute and chronic phases of the disease appear milder than in most South American countries. Introduction Segovia en 1913 (2). Since then a number of reports have supplied data on the prevalence of Tiypanosoma cruzi infection patterns vary the disease in various parts of the country in different parts of the Americas. In some (3-13). These provide a basis for the present countries the extent of infection has been de- review, which describes the major epidemio- termined, while in others it is unknown. logic and pathologic features of Chagas’ disease In 1961 Romaiia (I) divided the countries of in El Salvador for purposes of consolidating Middle and South America into three groups on available information and pointing out some the basis of what was known about infection matters in need of more extensive study in the patterns at the time. Group I consisted of coun- future. tries with national programs against Chagas’ dis- ease (Venezuela, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, and Ar- Epidemiologic Characteristics gentina); Group II included countries where there was substantial information about the dis- House Infestation by Trypanosome Vectors ease (Guatemala, Panama, Ecuador, and Peru); and Group III was composed of countries and A 1957 survey of 137 Salvadorean commu- territories where the true importance of Chagas’ nities found 26.3 per cent of 1,102 houses exa- disease was unknown (Mexico, Belize, El Salva- mined to be infested by two triatomid bugs dor, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Colom- that serve as trypanosome vectors.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.GEOLOGY of METAPÁN VOLCANIC FIELD NW EL
    Revista Geológica de América Central ISSN: 0256-7024 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica Rapprich, Vladislav; Hernández, Walter; Vojtech, Erban GEOLOGY OF METAPÁN VOLCANIC FIELD NW EL SALVADOR Revista Geológica de América Central, núm. 33, 2005, pp. 61-74 Universidad de Costa Rica San José, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45437341004 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Geológica de América Central, 33: 61-74, 2005 ISSN: 0256-7024 GEOLOGY OF METAPÁN VOLCANIC FIELD NW EL SALVADOR Vladislav Rapprich 1, 2, *, Walter Hernández 3, * , Vojtěch Erban 1 1 Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, 118 21 Prague 1, Czech Rep. 2 Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Rep. 3 Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales, Km. 5 1/2 carretera a Santa Tecla y Calle Las Mercedes, contiguo a Parque de Pelota. Edificio SNET, San Salvador, El Salvador. *Autores para contacto: [email protected]; [email protected] (Recibido 16/02/06; aceptado 03/11/06) ABSTRACT: Metapán volcanic field occupies the eastern margin of the Ipala Graben and represents one of several 'Behind volcanic front' type fields in El Salvador. It was subdivided into four zones in regard to the dis- tinct age and location of each of them. The duration of the volcanic activity in the Metapán area has been from Pliocene to Quaternary.
    [Show full text]
  • DIPECHO VII Central America Guidelines Final
    European Commission Instructions and Guidelines for DG ECHO potential partners wishing to submit proposals for the SEVENTH DIPECHO ACTION PLAN IN CENTRAL AMERICA COSTA RICA, EL SALVADOR, GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, NICARAGUA, PANAMA Budget line 23 02 03 Deadline for submitting proposals: 31st of May 2010, 17.30 CET 1 Table of contents BACKGROUND................................................................................................................................ 3 1. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMME AND PRIORITY ISSUES FOR THE 7TH ACTION PLAN FOR CENTRAL AMERICA .............................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Principal objective .......................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Specific objective ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.3 Strategic programming imperatives (sine qua non)......................................................................... 6 1.4 Type of activities ........................................................................................................................... 11 1.5 Priorities in terms of geographical areas, hazards and sectors ...................................................... 15 1.6 Visibility and Communication requirements................................................................................. 26 2. FINANCIAL ALLOCATION PROVIDED ...................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Revealing Ancestral Central America
    w Revealing Ancestral Central America Edited by Rosemary A. Joyce The Smithsonian Latino Center and the National Museum of the American Indian Smithsonian Institution 3 CHAPTER TITLE GOES HERE Printed in conjunction with the exhibition Cerámica de los Ancestros: Central America’s Past Revealed, on view at the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, DC, March 29, 2013–February 1, 2015. © 2013 Smithsonian Institution. All rights reserved. SMITHSONIAN Latino CENTER and National MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN No part of this book may be reproduced in any man- Director, Smithsonian Latino Center: Eduardo Díaz ner whatsoever without written permission of the Director, National Museum of the American Indian: Smithsonian Institution except in the case of brief Kevin Gover (Pawnee) quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Associate Director for Scholarship, NMAI: The Smithsonian Latino Center ensures that Latino David Penney contributions to the arts, sciences, and humanities Associate Director for Museum Programs, NMAI: are highlighted, understood, and advanced through Tim Johnson (Mohawk) the development and support of public programs, Associate Director for Museum Assets and research, museum collections, and educational Operations, NMAI: Jane Sledge opportunities at the Smithsonian Institution. Exhibitions and Public Programs Director, SLC: For more information about the Smithsonian Latino Ranald Woodaman Center, visit the SLC website at www.latino.si.edu. Lead Curator: Ann McMullen, NMAI Guest Curator: Alexander Benítez The National Museum of the American Indian General Editor: Rosemary A. Joyce (NMAI) is committed to advancing knowledge and Copy Editor: Joan Mentzer understanding of the Native cultures of the Western Editorial Assistance: Ann McMullen and Hemisphere—past, present, and future—through the NMAI Publications Office partnership with Native people and others.
    [Show full text]
  • El Salvador's Justice System August 2019 | 2 Table of Contents
    (AP Photo: Luis Romero) EL SALVADOR’S JUSTICE SYSTEM Evaluating Capacity Building and Judicial Independence AUGUST 2019 | SERIES I University Institute for Public Opinion (Iudop) José Simeón Cañas Central American University Primary researcher Laura Andrade Research assistant Vladimir Chanchán The researcher and WOLA are exclusively responsible for the opinions expressed in this document, which do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the sponsors of this publication. EL SALVADOR'S JUSTICE SYSTEM AUGUST 2019 | 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 KEY FINDINGS 7 THE JUSTICE SYSTEM IN EL SALVADOR: EVALUATING CAPACITY BUILDING AND JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE 10 CAPACITY OF THE JUSTICE SYSTEM 12 Geographic Coverage 12 Human Resources 19 Efficiency 24 Public Confidence in the Justice Sector 27 INTERNAL JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE 30 Selection Procedures 30 Evaluation Procedures 36 Disciplinary Procedures 40 EXTERNAL JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE 44 Budget Autonomy 44 Protection and Security 59 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 61 BIBLIOGRAPHY 62 NOTES 65 EL SALVADOR'S JUSTICE SYSTEM AUGUST 2019 | 3 INTRODUCTION In the last decade, the problem of insecurity reform to specific measures of change. and impunity has deeply affected the people of Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras, making The Monitor is based on a series of more than 100 this region (known as the Northern Triangle of quantitative and qualitative indicators that allow a Central America) one of the most violent in the more profound level of analysis of the successes world. High levels of violence, corruption, and or setbacks made in eight key areas in each of the impunity have undermined these states’ capacity three countries.1 More than a comprehensive list, to build accessible and efficient institutions, and the indicators seek to identify a way to examine and address the needs of their populations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Unfinished Sentences Testimony Archive
    The Unfinished Sentences Testimony Archive Teaching the Salvadoran Civil War Using Oral Histories The Unfinished Sentences Testimony Archive Teaching the Salvadoran Civil War using oral histories http://unfinishedsentences.org/archive/ The Unfinished Sentences Testimony Archive is a public online library of oral histories by survivors of El Salvador’s armed conflict (1980-1992). Developed through a partnership between the University of Washington Center for Human Rights and the Human Rights Institute of the Universidad Centroamericana (IDHUCA) in El Salvador, the Testimony Archive presents ​ more than 7 hours of interviews with 48 residents of the community of Arcatao, Chalatenango, along with a growing collection of supplementary information including historical context and resources for students and educators. The mountainous countryside around Arcatao, in the north-central department of Chalatenango, was a flashpoint of organizing for workers’ rights and, eventually, revolutionary change in El Salvador. Brutal repression by government forces escalated into a U.S.-backed counterinsurgency campaign against guerrilla groups during the 1980s. Residents of Arcatao, and communities like it across the country, were subjected to indiscriminate violence during military operations targeting unarmed civilians and insurgents alike. In the Unfinished Sentences Testimony Archive, survivors relate eyewitness accounts of these atrocities, as well as their experiences of daily life before, during, and after the war. They also offer invaluable insights
    [Show full text]