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Health Systems in Transition
61575 Latvia HiT_2_WEB.pdf 1 03/03/2020 09:55 Vol. 21 No. 4 2019 Vol. Health Systems in Transition Vol. 21 No. 4 2019 Health Systems in Transition: in Transition: Health Systems C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Latvia Latvia Health system review Daiga Behmane Alina Dudele Anita Villerusa Janis Misins The Observatory is a partnership, hosted by WHO/Europe, which includes other international organizations (the European Commission, the World Bank); national and regional governments (Austria, Belgium, Finland, Kristine Klavina Ireland, Norway, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the Veneto Region of Italy); other health system organizations (the French National Union of Health Insurance Funds (UNCAM), the Dzintars Mozgis Health Foundation); and academia (the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) and the Giada Scarpetti London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)). The Observatory has a secretariat in Brussels and it has hubs in London at LSE and LSHTM) and at the Berlin University of Technology. HiTs are in-depth profiles of health systems and policies, produced using a standardized approach that allows comparison across countries. They provide facts, figures and analysis and highlight reform initiatives in progress. Print ISSN 1817-6119 Web ISSN 1817-6127 61575 Latvia HiT_2_WEB.pdf 2 03/03/2020 09:55 Giada Scarpetti (Editor), and Ewout van Ginneken (Series editor) were responsible for this HiT Editorial Board Series editors Reinhard Busse, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Josep Figueras, European -
The Military Heritage and Environment of Kurzeme
SELFDRIVE THE MILITARY HERITAGE AND ENVIRONMENT OF KURZEME The NATURA 2000 system was established by European Union member states to protect a large series of environmental territories. In Latvia’s case, the system includes territories that were protected before it was set up, as well as 122 new territories. Each EU member state establishes its own system of territories, and these are then joined in the central system. NATURA 2000 territories are of European importance and are environmentally protected. Along this route, the most interesting NATURA 2000 territories include the Zvārde Forest Park, the Embūte Nature Park, the Ziemupe Nature Reserve and the Nature Park of the Ancient Abava River Valley. While in these territories, please be gentle with environmental, cultural and historical values. Keep the “interests” of birds in mind when birdwatching. ROUTE During the Soviet era, Latvia was the western border of the USSR, and that made it a strategic location in which lots of military resources were concentrated. During the Soviet occupation, there were more than 1,000 Soviet military units in Latvia, and they controlled some 600 facilities equalling to more than 10% of the territory of the Latvian SSR. In other words, Latvia was behind the Iron Curtain for nearly half a century. Border guard posts, tank bases, aviation bases, military airfields, storage facilities for weapons and munitions (including nuclear missiles), military espionage facilities and other, similar entities were mostly centred on the shore of the Baltic Sea, where there was a special frontier regime. It was just 20 years ago that people were allowed to be on the beach only during sunlight and in very limited areas. -
Circular Economy and Bioeconomy Interaction Development As Future for Rural Regions. Case Study of Aizkraukle Region in Latvia
Environmental and Climate Technologies 2019, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 129–146 doi: 10.2478/rtuect-2019-0084 https://content.sciendo.com Circular Economy and Bioeconomy Interaction Development as Future for Rural Regions. Case Study of Aizkraukle Region in Latvia Indra MUIZNIECE1*, Lauma ZIHARE2, Jelena PUBULE3, Dagnija BLUMBERGA4 1–4Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes iela 12/1, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia Abstract – In order to enforce the concepts of bioeconomy and the circular economy, the use of a bottom-up approach at the national level has been proposed: to start at the level of a small region, encourage its development, considering its specific capacities and resources, rather than applying generalized assumptions at a national or international level. Therefore, this study has been carried out with an aim to develop a methodology for the assessment of small rural areas in the context of the circular economy and bioeconomy, in order to advance the development of these regions in an effective way, using the existing bioresources comprehensively. The methodology is based on the identification of existing and potential bioeconomy flows (land and its use, bioresources, human resources, employment and business), the identification of the strengths of their interaction and compare these with the situation at the regional and national levels in order to identify the specific region's current situation in the bioeconomy and identify more forward-looking directions for development. Several methods are integrated and interlinked in the methodology – indicator analysis, correlation and regression analysis, and heat map tables. The methodology is approbated on one case study – Aizkraukle region – a small rural region in Latvia. -
Privatization at the Crossroad of Latvia's Economic Reform
PRIVATIZATION AT THE CROSSROAD OF LATVIA'S ECONOMIC REFORM Sandra Berzups" I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 171 II. BACKGROUND ................................................................. 172 III. ECONOMIC REFORM ........................................................ 175 IV. PRIVATIZATION - THE BEGINNING ....................................... 177 V. RESTITUTION ................................................................. 179 VI. PRIVATIZATION CERTIFICATES ........................................... 180 VII. SECTORAL PRIVATIZATION - AGRICULTURE ........................... 182 VIII. SECTORAL PRIVATIZATION - BANKING .................................. 183 IX. SMALL SCALE PRIVATIZATION ........................................... 185 X. LARGE PRIVATIZATION ..................................................... 186 XI. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PRIVATIZATION AGENCY ................... 188 XII. NEW PRIVATIZATION METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRIVATIZATION AGENCY - THE SPECIFICS ............................. 190 XIII. NEW PRIVATIZATION METHODOLOGY FOR PRIVATIZATION COMMITTEES - THE SPECIFICS ........................ 192 XIV. ANALYSIS OF NEW METHODOLOGY ..................................... 193 XV. CONCLUSION ................................................................. 195 I. INTRODUCTION Latvia regained its independence from the former Soviet Union in August 1991. Since then, it has begun the slow and arduous path of replacing the centrally-planned, socialist system with an economic structure based -
The Saeima (Parliament) Election
/pub/public/30067.html Legislation / The Saeima Election Law Unofficial translation Modified by amendments adopted till 14 July 2014 As in force on 19 July 2014 The Saeima has adopted and the President of State has proclaimed the following law: The Saeima Election Law Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS 1. Citizens of Latvia who have reached the age of 18 by election day have the right to vote. (As amended by the 6 February 2014 Law) 2.(Deleted by the 6 February 2014 Law). 3. A person has the right to vote in any constituency. 4. Any citizen of Latvia who has reached the age of 21 before election day may be elected to the Saeima unless one or more of the restrictions specified in Article 5 of this Law apply. 5. Persons are not to be included in the lists of candidates and are not eligible to be elected to the Saeima if they: 1) have been placed under statutory trusteeship by the court; 2) are serving a court sentence in a penitentiary; 3) have been convicted of an intentionally committed criminal offence except in cases when persons have been rehabilitated or their conviction has been expunged or vacated; 4) have committed a criminal offence set forth in the Criminal Law in a state of mental incapacity or a state of diminished mental capacity or who, after committing a criminal offence, have developed a mental disorder and thus are incapable of taking or controlling a conscious action and as a result have been subjected to compulsory medical measures, or whose cases have been dismissed without applying such compulsory medical measures; 5) belong -
Gradients of Latvian Magnetic Anomalies
Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University Sustainable Spatial Development 2011 __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Volume 2 Gradients of Latvian Magnetic Anomalies Vladimir Vertennikov, Riga Technical University Abstract. This article discusses one of the most important and vertical gradients. It is possible to determine those geophysical factors, which produces an impact on the gradients by calculations or measurements using special demographic processes and reflects the nature of variability in instruments – magnetic gradiometers. Instrumented gradient the anomalous magnetic field intensity in space. The article characterises the horizontal magnetic gradients, which vary measurements are predominantly utilised in local areas during within the wide range: from 10 to 2400 nT/km. It distinguishes prospecting and exploration for minerals. In regional magnetic scale and magnetic gradient areas. The article gives an investigations, to which concrete operations associated with ecodemographic evaluation of the territory of Latvia by the investigating the impact of geophysical factors on gradience of the anomalous magnetic field. demographic processes belong, horizontal gradients are the main factor; they are determined by calculations. Keywords: horizontal magnetic gradient, magnetic scale, magnetic gradient area, ecodemographic evaluation of territory by magnetic gradience. CHARACTERISATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC GRADIENTS The magnetic field is represented in the Latvian territory by a complex set of anomalies with different signs, intensity, size The gradient is an important parameter of anomalous and morphology. The transitions from one anomaly to another magnetic field. The discussion deals with the spatial intensity are expressed through changes in the field intensity and are variations. The thing is that the intensity of the anomalous either gradual, occurring step-by-step, or abrupt. -
Annual Report on the Year 2011 by Ombudsman of the Republic of Latvia
Annual Report on the year 2011 by Ombudsman of the Republic of Latvia Riga, 2012 2 Preamble by the Ombudsman ........................................................................... 7 Protection of the Rights of children .................................................................. 10 What are the rights of children? ............................................................................................... 10 Priorities in the field of the rights of children ........................................................................... 10 I. Children in state social care facilities (nursing homes)...................................... 11 1. The right of child to grow up in family................................................................................. 11 2. The right of child with special needs to grow up in family.................................................... 13 3. Ensuring of the right of siblings to be not separated ............................................................. 14 4. Number of children accomodated at PSCCs and their right to qualitative care...................... 15 5. Alternative forms of care...................................................................................................... 16 6. Social work with a family .................................................................................................... 18 7. Immediate steps to be taken to ensure the right of children to grow up in family or to ensure family-based care.................................................................................................................... -
(UN/LOCODE) for Latvia
United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations (UN/LOCODE) for Latvia N.B. To check the official, current database of UN/LOCODEs see: https://www.unece.org/cefact/locode/service/location.html UN/LOCODE Location Name State Functionality Status Coordinatesi LV 6LV Alsunga 006 Road terminal; Recognised location 5659N 02134E LV AGL Aglona 001 Road terminal; Recognised location 5608N 02701E LV AIN Ainazi 054 Port; Code adopted by IATA or ECLAC 5752N 02422E LV AIZ Aizkraukle 002 Port; Rail terminal; Road terminal; Recognised location 5636N 02513E LV AKI Akniste JKB Road terminal; Multimodal function, ICD etc.; Recognised location 5610N 02545E LV ALJ Aloja 005 Road terminal; Recognised location 5746N 02452E LV AMT Amata 008 Road terminal; Recognised location 5712N 02509E LV APE Aizpute 003 Road terminal; Recognised location 5643N 02136E LV APP Ape 007 Road terminal; Recognised location 5732N 02640E LV ARX Avoti RIX Road terminal; Recognised location 5658N 02350E LV ASE Aluksne 002 Rail terminal; Road terminal; Recognised location 5725N 02703E LV AUC Auce 010 Rail terminal; Road terminal; Recognised location 5628N 02254E LV B8R Balozi 052 Road terminal; Recognised location 5652N 02407E LV B9G Baldone 013 Port; Road terminal; Recognised location 5644N 02423E LV BAB Babite 079 Road terminal; Recognised location 5657N 02357E LV BAL Balvi 015 Rail terminal; Road terminal; Recognised location 5708N 02715W LV BAU Bauska 016 Rail terminal; Road terminal; Recognised location 5624N 02411E LV BLN Baltinava 014 Road terminal; Recognised location -
The Leba Ridge–Riga–Pskov Fault Zone – a Major East European Craton Interior Dislocation Zone and Its Role in the Early Palaeozoic Development of the Platform Cover
Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2019, 68, 4, 161–189 https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2019.12 The Leba Ridge–Riga–Pskov Fault Zone – a major East European Craton interior dislocation zone and its role in the early Palaeozoic development of the platform cover Igor Tuuling Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; [email protected] Received 31 May 2019, accepted 23 July 2019, available online 24 October 2019 Abstract. Analysis of data published on basement faulting in the Baltic region makes it possible to distinguish the >700 km long East European Craton (EEC) interior fault zone extending from the Leba Ridge in the southern Baltic Sea across the Latvian cities of Liepaja and Riga to Pskov in Russia (LeRPFZ). The complex geometry and pattern of its faults, with different styles and flower structures, suggests that the LeRPFZ includes a significant horizontal component. Exceptionally high fault amplitudes with signs of pulsative activities reveal that the LeRPFZ has been acting as an early Palaeozoic tectonic hinge-line, accommodating bulk of the far-field stresses and dividing thus the NW EEC interior into NW and SW halves. The LeRPFZ has been playing a vital role in the evolution of the Baltic Ordovician–Silurian Basin, as a deep-facies protrusion of this basin (Livonian Tongue) extending into the remote NW EEC interior adheres to this fault zone. The Avalonia–Baltica collision record suggests that transpression with high shear stress, forcing the SE blocks in the LeRPFZ to move obliquely to the NE, reigned in the Ordovician. -
Latvia National Report
Latvia National Report GNSS pernament base station division Janis Zvirgzds [email protected] 4th EUPOS® Council and Technical Meeting November 21-22, 2017, Bratislava, Slovakia Report Outline • LatPos infrastructure status and plans • GNSS metrology • RTK Surveying Guidelines • LatPos fulfillment Technical Standards. 2 LatPos infrastructure status Receivers Antenas: Leica 1200+GNSS (GPS+GLONASS+GALILEO) (2) AX1202 GG (1) AT504 LEIS (15) Leica 1200_GNSS (GPS+GLONASS) (21) AR20 (3) 1 calibrated Leica GR 10 (2) Leica GR 25 (1) AR10 (1) Leica GR 30 (1) AR25 (7) 1 calibrated Mazsalaca Valka LatPos EPN Base stations 26 Irbene Valmiera Alūksne Limbaži +Riga station PaLsmane EPN Talsi Rīga Sigulda Lode Balvi Software Kuldīga Tukums Ojārs Leica Spider 7.1. Lielvārde Madona Saldus Liepāja Dobele Jēkabpils Rēzekne Vaiņode Bauska EPN Preiļi Dagda Daugavpils 3 LatPos infrastructure status UGA1 TOR2 VOR2 IKLA RUHN Valka Mazsalaca Valmiera1 Irbene Aluksne Limbazi Palsmane Talsi Riga Sigulda Balvi Lode Kuldiga1 Tukums Liepaja1 Ojārs Madona Lielvarde Saldus1 Dobele1 Rezekne1 Vaiņode Jekabpils1 Bauska MAZK Preili JNSK BIRZ Dagda KRTN RKSK LatPos base stations Daugavpils1 EstPos and LitPos base stations IGS RIGA 4 LatPos infrastructure users • Total registered 746 • RTK users 529 • Surveyors • Precise Agriculture • Forestery • Post processi 5 LatPos infrastructure RTK fees • Flat rate – do not hurry!! • Day 19.50 EUR • Month 75.04 EUR • Year 490.81 EUR • Reuced prices for smaller area • All Latvia 100% • 12 300 km2 57% • 6400 km2 22% 6 LatPos infrastructure plans • Add stations • Upgrade receivers to 4 GNSS • Replace antenas with Chockering • Two independent servers 7 GNSS metrology • 22. Geodetic works use proven measuring instruments. -
Ministry of Transport Republic of Latvia Mobility Plan and Action Program for Riga and Pieriga SEA Report
Ministry of Transport Republic of Latvia Mobility Plan and Action Program for Riga and Pieriga SEA Report Mobility Plan Riga and Pieriga Tornu iela 4, III C, office no. 203 Riga, LV-1050 Latvia Phone: +371 7 223 144 Fax: +371 7 223 830 INDEX P. ABBREVIATIONS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Framework 1 1.2. Project background 1 1.3. Objectives of the RPMP 2 1.4. Strategic Environmental Assessment 3 1.5. SEA Scoping 5 1.6. Consultation meetings 5 1.7. Relation SEA and RPMP 6 1.8. Contents of the report 6 2. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 7 2.1. SEA Directive 7 2.2. Other EU regulations 8 2.3. Other international conventions 11 2.4. Latvian regulations 11 2.4.1. SEA regulations 11 2.4.2. Other relevant Latvian regulations 14 2.4.3. Latvian transport development policy documents 16 3. THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN RIGA AND PIERIGA 17 3.1. Introduction 17 3.2. About Riga and Pieriga 17 3.3. Climate, air, water, soil and the landscape 18 3.3.1. Climate 18 3.3.2. Air 19 3.3.3. Noise 25 3.3.4. Water 30 3.3.5. Landscape and soil 30 3.4. Flora and fauna 31 3.4.1. Biological diversity 31 3.4.2. Special protected areas 31 3.5. Cultural heritage 32 4. ANALYSIS OF CURRENT MOBILITY IN RIGA AND PIERIGA 33 4.1. The study area 33 4.2. Socio-economic characteristics 35 4.3. The policy framework 37 4.4. -
Kurzemes Tūrisma Asociācija
TT-COC-003648 Certificate number number Certificate km. is one of the richest territories by the Baltic Sea in terms park available in winter. +371 63622587, www.ocventspils.lv, Classroom arrangement, open chimney (manteļskurstenis), Advance booking required •D1 Map quadrant 106. Ventspils Flower Sculptures. Ventspils is called the Accredited of natural diversity. Most of the species of plants and animals GPS[57.388605, 21.567036] •A1 restored yard and walking paths. +371 63254335, +371 26332238, flower capital of Latvia – here you can see a "flower clock" characteristic of the nature of Latvia are found here, and it has www.kubalmuz.lv, GPS[57.462498, 22.397003] •C1 Tourism association of Kurzeme recommends 53. Active Tourism Centre Settlement "Kuršu Vikingu and seven flower sculptures. +371 63622263, +371 29232226, more nature rarities than the remaining territory of the country. apmetne". Information about the life of Couronian Vikings, 78. Saldus J.Rozentāl’s Museum of History and Art. www.visitventspils.com, GPS[57.395798, 21.560799] •A1 +371 63286000, 28385025, www.daba.gov.lv, www.slitere.lv, impersonation of the Viking characters. Historical places Museum exhibits art works of old Latvian masters and famous GPS[57.696259, 22.391167] •B1 107. Ventspils Cow Parade. After Ventspils cow parade in www.latvia.travel charge. of Free Photo: Latvian Tourism Development Agency. Agency. Development Tourism Latvian Photo: Nature tourism and objects of Grobiņa touched by breath and hand of modern Latvian artists. Exposition on the history of Saldus city, 2002 and 2012, more than 20 artful cows live in Ventspils, three of © Latvian Tourism Development Agency, 2014 Agency, Development Tourism Latvian © 27.